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A review of the subject in Ecuador and a new case is reported for this country. A comparison is made of the cases found in Ecuador with others of the E4 and E5 types in Mesoamerica in times close to Classic Period. The origin of this cultural practice in the region is discussed and it is concluded as a result of contacts with groups from the near Atlantic and Pacific coasts in earlier times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many areas of the world, archaeological research relies on workers without formal training in archaeology or apparent direct input into archaeological knowledge production. While these workers may appear to have little agency within the excavation process, and no direct participation in research outcomes, their role is more complex. Examples of local and international archaeological teams working in Türkiye in the mid-twentieth century and today are used here to explore the articulation of worker roles in field archaeology, as portrayed in field reports. The author assesses the language associated with team members in acknowledgements of their presence and status and examines how relationships are developed and maintained. Awareness of knowledge accumulation among local archaeological workers was articulated in the 1960s and proved advantageous to both workers and directors. Recent reports show little acknowledgement of worker presence, showing that multivocality has had no significant impact in this area of archaeological knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Early Iron Age site in Bánovce nad Bebravou, Biskupice-Keblov II (western Slovakia) was excavated by Archaeological Agency in 2014. During the excavation, there was found a feature connected with spinning and weaving - one of the important activities of Early Iron Age people, which penetrated to various spheres of life. This paper concerns short evaluation of the site with spatial analyses and reconstruction of the so-called workshop feature and its respective activities. The spatial analysis is evaluated by applying virtual space. The procedure is based on 3D reconstruction of individual features and creating of possible solutions in relation to original record. Part of this procedure was based on abstract visualization from archaeological record and second part used data from 3D photogrammetry. Results includes among visualization and space distribution of individual features, possible interior proportion and hut structure which could be used in this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of the study of the burial of the Zrubna/Timber-Grave entity (Late Bronze Age) from the mound near the village of Komyshuvate in the North Azov Area in the south of Donetsk Region of Ukraine. The article deals with issues related to some peculiarities of the material and spiritual culture of the ancient population of the Azov steppes, their social organization and funeral rites. Wooden utensils are a fairly rare category of funeral implements of the Bronze Age in Eastern Europe, which are fixed in the tombs by metallic elements. The analysis of the remains of a wooden vessel studied in the burial allowed us to make some observations on the technology of manufacturing this category of funerary equipment. This allowed us to approach the problem of social reconstruction. The presence of a wooden bowl with a metal figured enclosure in the burial is considered by the authors as a status sign marking the persons involved in ritual activities. The purpose and use of the application-decorated bowls had more than regular domestic significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bronze Age hoards have been a prominent feature of archaeological research for over one hundred years and as such a topic of different interpretations. Focus has been and is often put on the question whether profane or cultic reasons and intentions should be seen behind the depositions. This paper aims to show that the hoarding practice can also clearly be seen as a form of risk management and an expression of coping with risks, whether those are encountered on an everyday level or as selective actual threats. The range of potential risks spans from maybe predominantly "economic" to also significantly "metaphysical" ones. The paper touches on the role of bronze as a valuable material and a significant form of property. While the raw metal could be remelted and used for many purposes, artefacts in object form carried an individual and symbolic value and meaning. This paper is based on the preliminary analysis of the Late Bronze Age/Urnfield hoards Attersee I-IV excavated at Buchberg im Attergau in Austria as part of the BeLaVi - project in 2019. The deposition of these hoards likely represents a protection of goods connected to the experience of a "historical" threat. This paper will present the case study, the composition and nature of the hoards, and discusses and contextualises the ideas involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Near-surface geophysics techniques have proven their reliability in various application fields, such as geotechnical engineering, resource exploration, and archaeological research. Their success in these contexts is closely related to data interpretation methods, which must be able to resolve shallow structures/bodies that are small and/or located at short distances from each other, thus preventing their identification and discrimination due to the overlapping effects generated by different sources. Here, we propose a new data inversion tool, based on a probabilistic Bayesian approach, which is able to scan near-surface magnetised structures. The developed algorithm allows selecting the mostlikely probability density function, associated with the most-likely magnetic susceptibility contrast distribution in the explored model space, by refining the discretisation of the anomalous areas, i.e. those areas corresponding to the highest susceptibility contrast. We validated the algorithm on synthetic magnetic data generated by anthropogeniclike bodies, and, then, inverted experimental magnetic measurements acquired at the archaeological site of Phaistos (Crete, Greece). In the latter case, the retrieved mostlikely model fits well with the remains found in the study area, and correctly identifies the proper magnetic susceptibility contrast, thickness, and depth of the Minoan wall top brought to light by the archaeological excavation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excavations in Tepe Barveh were conducted with the aim to shed further light on the period of painted Bronze Age wares and to refine the existing chronology for the Lesser Zab Basin in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC. Thanks to its location in the upper valley of the Lesser Zab, the Barveh region served as a natural pathway for interaction between the Zagros foothills zones with the Rania and Peshdar Plain in Sulaimaniyah province in Iraqi Kurdistan, and the southern basin of Lake Urmia. By its overlapping Bronze Age sequence, the site offers a strong potential to fill the existing gap of information for the Early Bronze Age occupation in northwestern Iran. A foremost purpose of this paper is to situate Barveh within northwestern Iran, and to explore intra- and inter-regional interactions. The stratified occurrence of Painted Orange Ware (POW) is helpful to establish a sequence for the region and to fill the existing lacuna. EBA sites in northwestern Iran beyond the Kura Araxes zone remain understudied, and few sites offer deposits of considerable depth. The Early Bronze Age is generally associated with the burnished black pottery, while the orange pottery, a coeval and equally important cultural hallmark, has attracted less attention and remains a little known tradition. Hence, in light of the material culture excavated at Barveh, this paper seeks to gain an insight into the ways in which Tepe Barveh interacted with other regions dominated by the orange pottery culture. The ca. 8-meter deep EBA deposit at Barveh built up over c. 300 years and represents this period of POW in an uninterrupted sequence, attesting to cultural continuity over an extended period of time. The culture shows parallels with EBA sites in the southern Urmia Lake Basin and in the Rania and Peshdar plains in Iraqi Kurdistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted in Liangan Site, an archeological Hindu temple site situated on the eastern slope of Mt. Sundoro, Temanggung District. The discovery of Liangan Site was in the area of sand mining. This research's interest is trying to disclose of the spatial component of the site that are important to the history, science and culture. The objectives of this research: Mapping the width of Liangan Site that still has the potential to contain of archaeological artifacts. The method that used for this research analyze the distribution of archaeological remains at the Liangan Site with the scoring method through field surveys. While cultural resource management is done by knowing the predictions of the length area of the site using Archaeological Predictive Modeling. Results from this research include the entire potential zone that contains archaeological remains at the site of 20,71 ha. The zone sensitivity archaeological remains are divided into zones of high sensitivity (3.007 ha), medium sensitivity zones (4.369 ha) and low sensitivity zones (13.34 ha). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In archaeological research, the discard behavior of domestic and industrial spaces can be mostly understood through the inspection of primary refuse contexts such as intra-site garbage pits, cesspits, last activity remains of fireplaces, activity floors, or extramural dumping areas as secondary refuse contexts. Other than these features and refuse contexts in the Late Antique / Early Byzantine period Domus at Pompeiopolis, the central sewer, and the drainage have the potential to provide alternative information related to the consumption, production, and discard behaviors of the households and the community in general. In this paper, microdebris samples taken from the street sewer, the drainage of the Domus, and a direct refuse link from a kitchen space adjacent to the street sewer were analyzed and discussed in consideration of the formation processes of the archaeological record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the years 2022 and 2023, the Trypillia hilltop settlement of Trinca-La Șanț in northern Moldova was investigated and excavated by the CRC1266 in collaboration with the State University of Moldova. As a result, we unveiled the basic structures of the 25 ha fortified settlement, which, adapted to the topography, combines the principles of linear and concentric rows of houses. Based on the 14C data available to date, it can be assumed that the settlement dates from 3950 to 3650 BCE. Of the 320 houses discovered, up to 100 existed simultaneously, which corresponds to a maximum number of inhabitants of 250–1000 people. δ13C/δ15N isotope values of domestic animals indicate an extensive economy that corresponds to that of other, similarly large or mega-sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excavation of the simple dolmen at Tiarp, Falbygden, dating to around 3500BCE, has provided important information for the understanding of the megalithic and early TRB in southern Scandinavia and northern Central Europe. The absolute chronological dating shows that dolmens were erected at about the same time between Falbygden and Altmark, before the main passage grave architectural phase. Although fragmented and affected by taphonomic processes, the bone assemblage provides insights into the burial practices. At least twelve individuals, from neonates to elderly, had been buried within the chamber. The predominance of hand and foot bones suggests that they were primary inhumations. Their isotope values indicate an already agrarian society, which, however, was based only to a certain extent on agriculture. Insofar, the dolmen at Tiarp signals transformations – not only in respect to the introduction of agriculture but also regarding ritual practices – within the Early and Middle Neolithic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New excavations of an enclosure-related site at Ginnerup on Djursland, Denmark, in 2020 resulted in the identification of several features containing depositions of marine shells. One of these, A4, is a natural depression with a fill comprised of four consecutively deposited layers, forming an undisturbed stratigraphy, dated by several 14C dates to between c. 3150 and 2950 BC. The oldest layer contained finds from phase MN A Ib of the Funnel Beaker culture, while the remaining three layers yielded finds from the latest Funnel Beaker culture on Djursland (MN A II/III, Ferslev style) with an upwardly increasing content of Pitted Ware culture elements, thereby allowing the emergence of this culture in Denmark to be followed for the first time. Preservation conditions for organic material were excellent due to a content of marine shells, mainly from oysters and mussels, in all layers. In this preliminary account, a survey of the material culture in the four layers is presented, together with 14C dates, zoological investigations of mammal and fish bones, isotope analyses (d13C, d15N and d34S) and aDNA analyses of mammal bones and examinations of plant macro-remains. The abundant bones of wild horses also hold a huge potential for zoological and genetic studies, the results of which can qualify the ongoing debate about the rewilding of horses in present-day Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the Mostiștea River Project in the 1960s, Late Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic lowland dwelling sites were searched for in the vicinity of the Sultana-Malu Roșu tell. On the plateau, structures were excavated again in 2021 in Sultana-Ghețărie, which provide corresponding evidence for BoianVidra and Gumelniţa connections. Of great interest here are, on the one hand, the evidence for settlement activities on the terrace plateau before and during the tell settlement of Sultana, and on the other hand, in particular, a Cernavodă III feature (ca. 3600–3500 BCE). Compared to find assemblages of the mid-5th millennium (Boian-Vidra), the material culture from this context is characterised by reduced decoration rates and a reduced range of decoration techniques in pottery and probably primary flint tool production on site. The composition of the archaeozoological assemblage from the Cernavodă III feature, compared to the final Tell Sultana-Malu Roşu phase (ca. 4200 BCE), indicates that hunting played only a very minor role in securing subsistence and that the communities living here may have had a rather mobile (semi-nomadic) settlement behaviour. This would fit with the frequent occurrence of Stipa Awns, which seems to indicate a greater openness of the landscape and the associated spread of steppe vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many years Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum has been conducting excavation works on the site of the former German concentration and extermination camp Auschwitz II-Birkenau, related to the implementation of projects to preserve the authenticity and other ad hoc maintenance works, as well as those related to the extension of the necessary infrastructure network in the area of the former camp. These works, carried out in various parts of the former Birkenau, are subject to obligatory archaeological research. Over the years, a large number of reports on archaeological works have been collected. Researchers faced the challenge of accumulating dispersed archaeological information, mainly about the location of archaeological research sites and about the findings that were noted during the works. The chosen solution was the use of GIS software. Initially, this was QGIS, which is to be replaced by ArcGIS Pro over time. This makes it possible to place excavation sites in a generalised form on a map (contemporary or historical) or on a properly prepared aerial photo (for any year from the years available: 1944-2022). The outline of the excavation in the above-mentioned programs is interactive with the user. The description of the findings from a given place is added to it. The set of data thus prepared can then be filtered and selected, like in a popular spreadsheet. The amount of information on one map can be enhanced with underground infrastructure networks (as information about possible collisions) and road and construction infrastructure of the camp area which enables better orientation in the surroundings. Introduction of the possibilities of deeper analytics of large data sets is the main basis for outlining the possibilities of Geographic Information Systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inhabitation of a mountain settlement near the village of Slivarovo in Malko Tarnovo Municipality in southeastern Thrace lasted from the 8th-6th centuries BC until around 1300 AD. Local people mined and worked iron throughout this time. Perhaps this output was the main reason for the centuries-old habitation of the locality and the prosperity of its residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article discusses the similarities between the mosaic pavements of the episcopal basilica in Philippopolis and the basilica near the curtain walls in Herakleia (former Perinthos) from around 450-460 AD. Beyond a basic examination of the details, the whole concepts of both works also show similiarities, specifically the middle of the outer aisles and the design of the “entrance” panel which featured a specific image in a medallion. Three images are present, with the last two being interchangable: fons vitae, full peacock, and a chalice. The core of the new mosaics was produced by mosaicists who came from Constantinopolitan mosaic ateliers; they brought with them the trends in the development of mosaic decoration from Thrace by including figural motifs. It appears, however, that the concept of the new mosaic decoration is closely connected with the metropolitan liturgy, and therefore, this new mosaic decoration served the needs of the newly introduced within the diocese Thracia Constantinopolitan liturgy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colonia Flavia Pacis Deultensium, or Deultum, is located in today’s Southeastern Bulgaria some 15 km west of Burgas. It is one of the two Roman colonies in the province of Thrace and was founded between 70-80 AD. The archaeological site has been regularly excavated since the 1980s. Information about Deultum throughout various periods of its existence has been published several times. However, this is not valid for the necropolises of the city. Although some of them have been excavated, the results have either gone unpublished or been very scarce. In this way, a considerable amount of data concerning the burial practices and rites of the inhabitants of Deultum have remained unavailable to the public so far. The paper presents the current state of knowledge on the necropolises of the colony by taking into account their locations, boundaries, dates, and grave types. Special attention is given to the latest archaeological research on the necropolises, as well as the most significant results. The article complements the information about daily life, burial, and commemorative rituals in the Roman colony of Deultum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archaeological Materials & Research / Materiale şi Cercetǎri Arheologice is the property of Institute of Archaeology "Vasile Parvan" and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Študijné Zvesti AU SAV is the property of Institute of Archaeology SAS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the critical role of African Archaeological Review (AAR) in navigating the dynamic landscape of African archaeological research amidst imminent threats such as urban development, political conflict, and climate change. It highlights the importance of disseminating impactful research to mitigate the destruction of archaeological sites while embracing new methods and fostering partnerships to advance Africanist archaeology.

The analysed samples come from the archaeological rescue digs undertaken on the Iernut-Chețani segment from the Transilvania Highway (Sector 2A Ogra-Câmpia Turzii). The samples were taken from 7 pottery sherds, as well as clay taken from within the dig site. The 7 sherds, dated to the Neolithic period, are different and consist of 4 fine pottery sherds, 1 semifine pottery sherd and 2 coarse. Complementary techniques were used in the analysis, namely TG/HF, FTIR, SEM, EDX and XRD. The purpose of the analysis was to determine similarities between the composition of the pottery sherds, as well as similarities between the pottery composition and the soil samples, in order to determine whether the raw materials used had a local origin. Furthermore, the techniques employed were selected to also help identify the pottery technology (estimating the firing temperatures). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the factors that influenced the trends in archaeological excavations in Judea and Samaria during the decade attending the 1967 Six-Day War. Examination reveals a close connection between the political trends in Israel as they pertained to Judea and Samaria and the archaeological excavations undertaken in this region. When a prime minister appeared to consider Judea and Samaria an inseparable part of the state of Israel archaeologists followed (Meir). But when prime ministers regarded Judea and Samaria as territory that would be returned to the Jordanians (Eshkol and Rabin), the archaeologists stopped excavating in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archaeological archives take up a significant amount of shelf space in any archaeological depot or museum, yet these are rarely presented as primary storytelling tools. As the public image of archaeology is still largely defined by the physical remains of sites and the finds that are associated with them, these are also often the focus of archaeological publications and displays, confining the purview of archaeological documentation to behind-the-scenes research. However, these records do not just illustrate an object, feature or site, they connect the past to the present as narratives of human interpretation and changes in archaeological and museological practice. In this paper, I draw from four brief case studies from my own research, each pertaining to different aspects of collection interpretation, display, and engagement. These practical examples highlight the importance of integrating documentary and material collections in research and outreach spaces. This integration helps us to present the diverse aspects of archaeological research, give value to under-resourced collections, explore meaning across different sources, and display the processes through which we create knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most discussed issues in European archaeology is the significance and context of monumentality and the construction of long barrows and megaliths in the Neolithic. The construction of monuments in Neolithic Europe can, due to their often significant size and complexity, be interpreted as signs of collective building efforts, but the social and political background may vary from more egalitarian to highly stratified societies. During the last 20 years of surveys and archaeological excavations in southwest Scania, Sweden, new archaeological results have been produced, revealing many hitherto unknown settlements, central places for feasting, long barrows, megaliths, free-standing façades and other types of monumental constructions. This has disclosed a much more complex picture of the Early Neolithic (4000–3300calBC) Funnel Beaker Culture societies in the region. Large-scale excavations have documented a hierarchy of monumental places in Early Neolithic southern Scandinavia, probably reflecting different uses of monuments, mirroring a social hierarchy in polities. Recently, another central place has been excavated at Flackarp, south of Lund, Sweden, containing at least nine dolmens and free-standing façades, further supporting this hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the initial results of archaeological excavations and research conducted in 2021 on site No. 36 in Spycimierz. An outline of the history of the town and of archaeological works carried out in its part, as well as analysis of topographic transformations in this location are presented in an article A historical outline of topographic changes in area adjacent to the church in Spycimierz published in Volume 10 of "Biuletyn Uniejowski". This is why this article is focused on description of the field works carried out and presentation of their results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

115 years has been passed since the first reports on the Paleolithic research on the Iranian Plateau and all the while. Paleolithic research in Iran has been increasingly and variably expanding. The history of the Iranian Paleolithic archaeology has been the subject of a number of publications in recent years, but no precise statistics has ever been presented regarding the trends. sites and researchers, due to the difficulty of access to the resources, many of which have never been published properly. This research is a statistic review of Paleolithic archaeology of Iran based on the evaluation of all-range resources (from 1906 to 2021 - some published and many non-published) mentioning more than 2800 sites attributed to Paleolit[tic based on surface materials and 60 by excavations. It has been attempted to assess the patterns of distribution, abundance. and change in the Iranian Paleolithic research over time and whenever possible, the causes and explanations have been discussed. Accordingly, five phases of research have been recognized and described based on statistical and historical backgrounds (1906-1948: 1949-1979: 1980-1998; 1999-2010: 2011-present). Ideally. the extraction of these patterns is expected to contribute to understanding the processes and trends and to predicting and management of the future trajectories of studies in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this material we briefly present some of the results of the research project called Hidden Landscapes: Remote Sensing and LiDAR Exploration of Roads, Borders, and Battlefields in the Southeast Carpathians. It is about the field researches on the territory of the commune Movilița, Vrancea County, on the territory of which the aerial images suggested the existence of a crossing ford, across Zăbrăuți Valley, towards the archaeological sites from Mănăstioara-Fitionești. Our brief intervention nuances, as far as possible, the archaeological potential of the area, accumulating the essential data for the drafting of archaeological site sheets, a first step towards classification and, therefore, the rescue and protection of these monuments. In terms of research into these objectives, we have begun investigations at „Islaz" point. Although limited in size, they highlighted a first complex (Neolithic hut), which is to be fully researched this year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite over a hundred years of various archaeological works, including the latest in Hučiva Cave, considering the presence of Stone age peoples, Tatra Mountains remain an archaeological terra incognita. Therefore it is very important to communicate any new finds. The purpose of this article is to present the discovery from the mouth of the Lejowa valley, found in 2009 in close proximity to the formerly known site no. 1 in Witów, com. Kościelisko. The analyzes of raw material and technological aspect of specimen are presented in this article and can indicate that it was made by Stone Age people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first professional geodetic network on Polish soil was established in 1829-1835. It was created for the mines and factories of the Old Polish Industrial District, which remained the largest centre of mining and metallurgy in Poland until the end of the 19th century. The main measuring point was established on the summit of Mount Łysica in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. However, it was promptly destroyed and, despite detailed data published by one director of the project, Professor F.S. Armiński, it has only recently been rediscovered. Test excavations undertaken in 2019 revealed numerous inconsistencies between the archival data and the actual construction of the uncovered foundations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]