Prolixus splendens sp. nov. ( Figs. 1���15 ) Type specimens. Holotype ♀. New Zealand, Auckland, Muriwai Beach, Maori Bay Car Park, 5 May 2018, by Nicholas A. Martin, ex. Austroderia splendens (Poaceae). Paratypes. 13 females, 3 males, 12 deutonymphs, 9 protonymphs, 6 larvae, same data as holotype. The holotype and paratypes will be deposited in the New Zealand Arthropod Collection (NZAC), Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand. Adult Female (n=14) Gnathosoma. (Figs. 1B, 4C) Subcapitulum with setae m, or 1 and or 2, subcapitular seta m setiform, m =13 (13���15), m���m =11 (7���11). Palp 3-segmented, setal formula: 0, 2, 2; tarsus with two eupathidia 5 (5���6), 5 (5���6). Idiosoma. (Figs. 1A) 465 (460���465) long, 105 (105���110) wide. Body elongate, more than 4 times longer than wide. Prodorsum smooth, covered with broken longitudinal striations sublaterally, bearing three pairs of setae (v 2, sc 1 and sc 2), setae v 2 setiform, sc 1 and sc 2 barbed, sc 1 about 4 times as long as v 2. Lengths: v 2 7 (7���8), sc 1 30 (28���31), sc 2 50 (45���50); distances: v 2 ��� v 2 38 (37���40), v 2 ��� sc 1 50 (47���52), sc 1 ��� sc 1 70 (70���74), sc 1 ��� sc 2 38 (38���40), sc 2 ��� sc 2 105 (105���110). Body with broken, corrugated transverse striations between sc 2 and c 3; smooth mesally between c 3 and c 3, and broken oblique striae laterally; and broken transversal striae between d 1 and d 1; and posterior to d 1 smooth and broken longitudinal striae laterally. Bearing one pair of humeral setae (c 3), 2 pairs of dorsocentral setae (d 1 and e 1), and 6 pairs of dorsolateral setae (d 3, e 3, f 2, f 3, h 2 and h 1). All setae barbed, except h 2 elongate, ending in minute club. Setae d 1 and e 1 subequal in length. Lengths: d 1 13 (13���14), e 1 14 (13���15), c 3 33 (27���33), d 3 15 (10���15), e 3 32 (30���33), f 2 36 (33���36), f 3 37 (33���37), h 2 135 (125���135), h 1 37 (28���37); distances: d 1 ��� d 1 40 (40���47), e 1 ��� e 1 36 (36���39), c 3 ��� c 3 105 (105���135), d 3 ��� d 3 85 (85���92), d 3 ��� e 3 140 (135���140), e 3 ��� e 3 85 (85���97), e 3 ��� f 2 25 (25���27), f 2 ��� f 2 77 (77���90), f 2 ��� f 3 21 (21���23), f 3 ��� f 3 62 (62���67), f 3 ��� h 2 22 (18���25), h 2 ��� h 2 35 (35���45), h 2 ��� h 1 12 (12���15), h 1 ��� h 1 12 (12���15). Venter. (Figs. 1B, 2) Venter with fine broken transverse striation between coxa II and III, broken longitudinal striae between coxa III and IV, longitudinal and oblique striae posterior to g 1. All coxal setae setiform, except for setae 1a, 1b, 4a 1 and 4a 2 flagelliform. Lengths: 1a 140 (105���140), 1b 50 (50���75), 1c 19 (18���21), 2b 30 (28���31), 2c 30 (28���31), 3a 20 (20���26), 3b 17 (17���25), 4a 1 75 (75���88), 4a 2 82 (82���87), 4b 15 (15���23). Distances: 1a���1a 12 (12���13), 3a���3a 15 (15���18), 4a 1 ��� 4a 1 6 (6���7), 4a 1 ��� 4a 2 7 (6���7), 4a 2 ��� 4a 2 17 (15���17). Genital and ventral plates with flap of cuticle (Figs. 1B, 2), bearing two pairs of setiform gential setae (g 1 and g 2). Anal plate with two pairs of pseudanal setae (ps 1 and ps 2), setiform and subequal in length. Setal lengths: ag 17 (17���20), g 1 22 (22���24), g 2 17 (17���22), ps 1 24 (20���24), ps 2 11 (8���11); distances: ag���ag 22 (15���22), g 1 ��� g 1 22 (20���22), g 1 ��� g 2 21 (15���21), g 2 ��� g 2 33 (33���35), ps 1 ��� ps 2 26 (26���28). Spermatheca. (Fig. 2) A short, narrow, unsclerotised tube extending from genital opening and ending in a bulbiform vesicle with minute spinules. Legs. (Figs. 3, 4 A���B) Lengths of legs I���IV: 130 (130���135), 100 (97���105), 85 (85���93), 105 (100���105). Chaetotaxy: coxae 2-2-1-1; trochanters 1-1-2-1; femora 4-4-2-2; genua 2-2-0-0, tibiae 5-5-3-3, tarsi 7+��-7+��-5-5. Dorsal and lateral setae on femora lanceolate and barbed, and on genua and tibiae setiform; ventral setae setiform, except bv������ on femur II lanceolate and barbed. Setae ft��� on tarsi I���IV flagelliform, ft������ absent; unguinal setae u pectinate and equal in length; proral setae p����� and p�������� eupathidial; tectal setae tc setiform. Lengths of solenidia: I �������� 6 (6���7), II �������� 6 (6���7). Claws developed with tenent hairs on each side. Adult Male (n=3) Gnathosoma. (Figs. 5B, 7C) Subcapitulum with setae m, or 1 and or 2, subcapitular seta m setiform, m =10���12, m���m =10���11; palp 3-segmented, setal formula: 0, 2, 2; tarsus with two eupathidia 5, 5���6. Idiosoma. (Fig. 5A) 360���400 long, 100���105 wide. Body elongate. Prodorsum smooth, with a narrow band of transverse striatons in sejugal furrow immediately anterior to setae c 3; setae v 2 setiform, sc 1 and sc 2 thin and barbed. Lengths: v 2 7���10, sc 1 21���27, sc 2 30���37; distances: v 2 ��� v 2 30���32, v 2 ��� sc 1 37���40, sc 1 ��� sc 1 70, sc 1 ��� sc 2 27���30, sc 2 ��� sc 2 100���105. Hysterosoma divided into metapodosoma and opisthosoma by narrow band of horizontal striations; with same setae as adults. All setae barbed, except h 2 elongate, ending in minute club. Setae d 1 and e 1 subequal in length. Lengths: d 1 13���16, e 1 13 ���16, c 3 20���25, d 3 16���17, e 3 25 ���28, f 2 27���32, f 3 28���33, h 2 110���140, h 1 19���25; distances: d 1 ��� d 1 30���33, e 1 ��� e 1 23 ���25, c 3 ��� c 3 100���105, d 3 ��� d 3 72���74, d 3 ��� e 3 110���115, e 3 ��� e 3 67���70, e 3 ��� f 2 20���23, f 2 ��� f 2 68���70, f 2 ��� f 3 20���21, f 3 ��� f 3 60���62, f 3 ��� h 2 20���23, h 2 ��� h 2 38���39, h 2 ��� h 1 9���12, h 1 ��� h 1 17���18. Venter. (Figs. 5 B���C) Venter with fine transverse and oblique striae between coxae II and III, forming an inverted ���V��� shape anterior to 3a. Lengths: 1a 96���100, 1b 38���52, 1c 20���22, 2b 17���24, 2c 22���30, 3a 18���22, 3b 20���22, 4a 1 77���86, 4a 2 70���95, 4b 15���20. Distances: 1a���1a 13, 3a���3a 16���18, 4a 1 ��� 4a 1 7���8, 4a 1 ��� 4a 2 5���6, 4a 2 ��� 4a 2 17���20. Genital and ventral plates bearing two pairs of setiform gential setae (g 1 and g 2);. Anal plate with two pairs of pseudanal setae (ps 1 and ps 2), setiform, ps 1 about twice as long as ps 2. Setal lengths: ag 21���22, g 1 20���23, g 2 19���22, ps 1 13���17, ps 2 5���7; distances: ag���ag 2 17���19, g 1 ��� g 1 12���15, g 1 ��� g 2 5, g 2 ��� g 2 20���21, ps 1 ��� ps 2 11���12. Aedeagus. (Fig. 5C) A narrow, elongate, sclerotised aedeagus tapering to a point posteriorly (at genital opening); very long membranous duct running from sclerotised aedeagus to flared, lightly sclerotised, cone-shaped cup distally, appearing to open into a soft membranous vesicle. Aedeagus is broken in drawn specimen (Fig. 5B), intact aedeagus as shown in Fig. 5C. Legs. (Figs. 6, 7 A���B) Lengths of legs I���IV: 120���125, 95���100, 95���97, 105���115. Chaetotaxy: coxae 2-2-1-1; trochanters 1-1-2-1; femora 4-4-2-2; genua 2-2-0-0, tibiae 5-5-3-3, tarsi 7+2 �� -7+2 �� -5+ �� -5. Dorsal and lateral setae on trochanters, femora and genua lanceolate and barbed, and on tibiae setiform except on tibia III lanceolate and barbed; ventral setae setiform, except bv������ on femur II lanceolate and barbed. Setae ft��� on tarsi I���IV flagelliform; unguinal setae u pectinate and equal in length; proral setae p ����� and p�������� eupathidial; tectal setae tc setiform. Lengths of solenidia: I ����� 11���13, �������� 11���12, II ����� 8���10, �������� 8���10, III ����� 5���6. Claws developed with tenent hairs on each side. Deutonymph (n=12) Gnathosoma. (Figs. 8B, 9C) Subcapitulum with setae m, or 1 and or 2, subcapitular seta m setiform, m =12���13, m���m =10���12; palp 3-segmented, setal formula: 0, 2, 2; tarsus with two eupathidia 4���5, 4���5. Idiosoma. (Fig. 8A) 305���475 long, 97���100 wide. Body elongate, with strong corrugated transverse striations between sc 2 and d 1, and weak, broken longitudinal and oblique striae, posterior to d 1. Setae v 2 setiform, sc 1 and sc 2 thin and barbed. Lengths: v 2 4���5, sc 1 30���37, sc 2 33���38; distances: v 2 ��� v 2 31���33, v 2 ��� sc 1 41���51, sc 1 ��� sc 1 70���75, sc 1 ��� sc 2 23���28, sc 2 ��� sc 2 97���100. Hysterosoma with same setae as adults. Setae v 2, d 1, e 1 and d 3 setiform, c 3, e 3, f 2, f 3 and h 1 barbed, and setae h 2 elongate, ending in minute club. Lengths: d 1 10���12, e 1 8 ���9, c 3 22���30, d 3 7���10, e 3 20 ���24, f 2 30���31, f 3 26���33, h 2 100���125, h 1 17���27; distances: d 1 ��� d 1 30���34, e 1 ��� e 1 25 ���31, c 3 ��� c 3 98���105, d 3 ��� d 3 72���82, d 3 ��� e 3 86���110, e 3 ��� e 3 67���78, e 3 ��� f 2 13���17, f 2 ��� f 2 65���72, f 2 ��� f 3 13���17, f 3 ��� f 3 53���62, f 3 ��� h 2 15���20, h 2 ��� h 2 31���35, h 2 ��� h 1 12, h 1 ��� h 1 11���13. Venter. (Figs. 8B, 10C) Venter similar to female. All coxal setae setiform. Setae 1a, 1b and 4a 1 flagelliform. Lengths: 1a 70���105, 1b 45���54, 1c 12���17, 2b 14���18, 2c 20���33, 3a 12���17, 3b 12���16, 4a 1 55���67, 4b 14���17. Distances: 1a���1a 15���16, 3a���3a 13���15, 4a 1 ��� 4a 1 7���13. Posterior opisthosoma with transverse striae surrounding setae g 1, and longitudianal striations laterally. Setal lengths: ag 13���14, g 1 10���15, ps 1 8���11, ps 2 5���6; distances: ag���ag 11���17, g 1 ��� g 1 12���15, ps 1 ��� ps 2 17���23. Legs. (Figs. 9 A���B, 10A���B) Lengths of legs I���IV: 95���100, 70���75, 70���75, 70���75. Chaetotaxy: coxae 2-2-1-1; trochanters 1-1-2-0; femora 4-4-2-2; genua 2-2-0-0, tibiae 5-5-3-3, tarsi 7+��-7+��-5-5. Dorsal and lateral setae on trochanters, femora and genua lanceolate and barbed, and on tibiae setiform; ventral setae setiform, except bv������ on femur II lanceolate and barbed. Setae ft��� on tarsi I���IV flagelliform; unguinal setae u pectinate and equal in length; proral setae p����� and p�������� eupathidial; tectal setae tc setiform. Lengths of solenidia: I �������� 5���6, II �������� 4���6. Claws developed with tenent hairs on each side. Protonymph (n=9) Gnathosoma. (Figs. 11B, 12C) Subcapitulum with setae m, or 1 and or 2, subcapitular seta m setiform, m =7���10, m���m =10���12; palp 3-segmented, setal formula: 0, 2, 2; tarsus with two eupathidia 4, 4. Idiosoma. (Fig. 11A) 310���325 long, 87���105 wide. Body smooth, similar to deutonymph; setae v 2 setiform, sc 1 and sc 2 thin and barbed. Lengths: v 2 3���4, sc 1 26���33, sc 2 29���35; distances: v 2 ��� v 2 25���30, v 2 ��� sc 1 34���40, sc 1 ��� sc 1 59���70, sc 1 ��� sc 2 25���31, sc 2 ��� sc 2 87���105. Hysterosoma with same setae as adults. Setae v 2, d 1, e 1 and d 3 setiform, c 3, e 3, f 2, f 3 and h 1 barbed, and setae h 2 elongate, ending in minute club. Lengths: d 1 7���10, e 1 7 ���9, c 3 18���28, d 3 6���8, e 3 11 ���17, f 2 20���30, f 3 21���27, h 2 85���110, h 1 12���22; distances: d 1 ��� d 1 17���30, e 1 ��� e 1 17 ���24, c 3 ��� c 3 90���100, d 3 ��� d 3 63���70, d 3 ��� e 3 60���64, e 3 ��� e 3 53 ���61, e 3 ��� f 2 7���12, f 2 ��� f 2 51���60, f 2 ��� f 3 8���13, f 3 ��� f 3 40���47, f 3 ��� h 2 9���13, h 2 ��� h 2 26���28, h 2 ��� h 1 8���10, h 1 ��� h 1 8���10. Venter. (Figs. 11B, 13C) Venter similar to female. All coxa setae setiform, except 1a and 1b flagelliform. Lengths: 1a 59���97, 1b 35���50, 1c 9���13, 2c 13���16, 3a 8���15, 3b 7���13. Distances: 1a���1a 15���17, 3a���3a 11���14. Pseudanal setae ps 1 and ps 2 setiform. Setal lengths: ag 7���10, ps 1 4���8, ps 2 3���5; distances: ag���ag 11���13, ps 1 ��� ps 2 10���13. Legs. (Figs. 12 A���B, 13A���B) Lengths of legs I���IV: 73���80, 57���63, 59���60, 54���57. Chaetotaxy: coxae 2-1-1-0; trochanters 0-0-1-0; femora 3-3-2-2; genua 1-1-0-0, tibiae 5-5-3-3, tarsi 7+��-7+��-3-3. Dorsal and lateral setae on trochanters, femora and genua I���II lanceolate and barbed, and on tibiae setiform; ventral setae setiform, except bv������ on femur II lanceolate and barbed. Setae ft��� on tarsi I���IV flagelliform; unguinal setae u pectinate and equal in length; proral setae p����� and p�������� eupathidial; tectal setae tc setiform. Lengths of solenidia: I �������� 4���5, II �������� 3���4. Claws developed with tenent hairs on each side. Larva (n=6) Gnathosoma. (Figs. 14B, 15D) Subcapitulum with or 1 and or 2; palp 3-segmented, setal formula: 0, 2, 2; tarsus with two eupathidia 2���3, 6���7. Idiosoma. (Fig. 14A) 240���260 long, 80���94 wide. Body elongate, smooth, similar to deutonymph and protonymph; setae v 2 setiform, sc 1 and sc 2 thin and barbed. Lengths: v 2 3���7, sc 1 25���28, sc 2 28���33; distances: v 2 ��� v 2 18���21, v 2 ��� sc 1 28���33, sc 1 ��� sc 1 58���60, sc 1 ��� sc 2 17���22, sc 2 ��� sc 2 80���94. Hysterosoma with same setae as adults. Setae v 2, d 1, e 1 and d 3 setiform, c 3, e 3, f 2, f 3 and h 1 barbed, and setae h 2 elongate, ending in minute club. Lengths: d 1 10���13, e 1 8 ���10, c 3 18���22, d 3 5���9, e 3 9 ���13, f 2 21���25, f 3 20���24, h 2 83���125, h 1 13���17; distances: d 1 ��� d 1 22���25, e 1 ��� e 1 10 ���13, c 3 ��� c 3 80���86, d 3 ��� d 3 53���58, d 3 ��� e 3 35 ���39, e 3 ��� e 3 47 ���51, e 3 ��� f 2 5���7, f 2 ��� f 2 44���48, f 2 ��� f 3 5���7, f 3 ��� f 3 35���38, f 3 ��� h 2 9���10, h 2 ��� h 2 20���21, h 2 ��� h 1 6���8, h 1 ��� h 1 7���9. Venter. (Figs. 14B, 15E) Venter similar to deutonymph. All coxal setae setiform except 1a and 1b flagelliform. Lengths: 1a 45���72, 1b 25���35, 3a 10���16. Distances: 1a���1a 13���17, 3a���3a 14���15. Pseudanal setae ps 1 and ps 2 setiform. Setal lengths: ps 1 6���10, ps 2 4���7; distances: ps 1 ��� ps 2 7���9. Legs. (Figs. 15 A���15C) Lengths of legs I���III: 60���64, 50, 53���58. Chaetotaxy: coxae 1-0-0; trochanters 0-0-0; femora 3-3-2; genua 1-1-0, tibiae 5-5-3, tarsi 5+��-5+��-3. Dorsal and lateral setae on trochanters, femora and genua lanceolate and barbed, and on tibiae setiform; ventral setae setiform, except, Published as part of Xu, Yun, Zhang, Fei-Ping & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2018, Description of a new species of Prolixus (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae from Austroderia splendens (Poaceae) in New Zealand, with discussion of its ontogenetic patterns in chaetotaxy, pp. 158-177 in Zootaxa 4540 (1) on pages 159-176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/2616094, {"references":["Beard, J. J., Fan, Q. - H. & Walter, D. E. (2005) A new genus and two new species of Tenuipalpidae (Prostigmata: Tetranychoidea) from an Australian sedge. Acarologia, 45, 161 - 181.","Beard, J. J. & Ochoa, R. (2011) New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa, 2941, 1 - 37.","Xu, Y. & Zhang, Z. - Q. (2014) Prolixus (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) newly recorded from New Zealand: A new species from Cyperaceae and its ontogenetic patterns in chaetotaxy. Zootaxa, 3900 (1), 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3900.1.1","Xu, Y., Huang, J. & Zhang, Z. - Q. (2017 b) Two new species of Prolixus (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) on Gahnia (Cyperaceae) from New Zealand. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 22 (10), 1521 - 1559. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.10.1","Lindquist, E. E. (1985) External anatomy. In: Helle, W. & Sabelis, M. W. (Eds.), Spider Mites: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. 1 a. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 3 - 28.","Xu, Y. & Zhang, Z. - Q. (2013) New Zealand Tenuipalpidae (Acari: Trombidiformes): A new species of Acaricis from Cyperaceae and its ontogenetic patterns in chaetotaxy. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 18 (4), 357 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 18.4.6"]}