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The theridiid spider genus Stemmops O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894 includes 27 extant species and is distributed in America (23 spp.) and Asia (4 spp.). Three species, S. forcipus Zhu, 1998 (♂♀), S. nigrabdomenus Zhu, 1998 (♂) and S. nipponicus Yaginuma, 1969 (♂♀), are currently known from China.Two new species of Stemmops are described from China: S. atratus sp. n. (♀, Jiangsu, Zhejiang) and S. lini sp. n. (♂♀, Fujian, Zhejiang). In addition, the previously unknown female of S. nigrabdomenus Zhu, 1998 is described. Photos and morphological descriptions are provided.

The spider genus Stiphropus Gerstaecker, 1873 currently includes 21 extant species that are distributed in Africa (12) and Asia (9). Four species, S. falciformus Yang, Zhu & Song, 2006, S. myrmecophilus Huang & Lin, 2020, S. ocellatus Thorell, 1887 and S. soureni Sen, 1964, are currently known from China.The mismatched female of S. falciformus is reported as a new species: S. qianlei sp. n. (♂♀). The unknown male of S. soureni Sen, 1964 is described for the first time. Photos and morphological descriptions are provided.

Speocera bachma Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 5–6, 55C) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Thua Thien Hue Province, Bach Ma National Park, Da Dung Village (16º13.203′N, 107º52.944′E), elev. 69 m, 26.VIII.2015, leg. Q. Zhao, Y. Li & Z. Chen. Paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. capra Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 55C) and the females by the posteriorly directed, coiled afferent spermathecae (Fig. 6B). S. capra males have laterally excavated chelicerae, with a lateral horn, and females have anteriorly directed, straight afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 273–279). Description. Male. Total length 0.92; carapace length 0.49; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.46; abdomen width 0.33. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 6C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 55C). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, ALE largest (Fig. 6C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.86 (0.53, 0.14, 0.55, 0.36, 0.28); II 1.71 (0.50, 0.14, 0.47, 0.33, 0.27); III missing; IV 1.93 (0.56, 0.15, 0.54, 0.42, 0.26). Genitalia (Fig. 5). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 5A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical. Embolus very short, dark and without distinct associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 5D). Female. Total length 1.06; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.54; abdomen width 0.46. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 6D–E) but larger. Leg lengths I 1.81 (0.50, 0.14, 0.51, 0.38, 0.27); II 1.67 (0.48, 0.16, 0.46, 0.33, 0.25); III missing; IV 1.94 (0.55, 0.13, 0.56, 0.42, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, strongly curved away from the epigastric furrow, not extending past the sides of the abdomen; tip of the afferent spermathecae question mark shaped (Fig. 6B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 6A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera manhao Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 33– 34, 56E, F) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Yunnan Province, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Gejiu City, Manhao Town, Lvshuihe Tropical Forest Reserve (23º1.535′N, 103º24.063′E), elev. 477 m, 19.V.2015, leg. Z. Chen & Y. Li. Paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. bicornea Tong & Li, 2007, but males can be distinguished by the irregular spherical palpal bulb (Figs 33A–B) and females by the long afferent spermathecae (Figs 34B, D). S. bicornea has a spherical palpal bulb and short afferent spermathecae that do not extend to the upper sides of the abdomen (Tong & Li, 2007: fig. 7). Description. Male. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.54; abdomen width 0.38. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 34C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, lateral margin strongly excavated, with a very small horn-like apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 56E–F). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 34C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.95 (0.55, 0.16, 0.61, 0.36, 0.27); II 1.77 (0.51, 0.16, 0.50, 0.33, 0.27); III 1.59 (0.45, 0.14, 0.42, 0.33, 0.25); IV 2.15 (0.62, 0.15, 0.62, 0.45, 0.31). Genitalia (Fig. 33). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 1.3 times as long as cymbium (Figs 33A–B). Cymbium conical, with large prolateral extension basally. Bulb shaped like an irregular sphere. Embolus short, dark and basally with belt-like associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, abruptly narrowing distally (Fig. 33D). Female. Total length 1.06; carapace length 0.53; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.59; abdomen width 0.40. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 34D–E). Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I 1.69 (0.49, 0.15, 0.48, 0.32, 0.26); II 1.57 (0.45, 0.15, 0.44, 0.29, 0.24); III 1.44 (0.42, 0.15, 0.36, 0.28, 0.23); IV 1.92 (0.54, 0.15, 0.54, 0.40, 0.29). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae very long, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 34B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 34A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera huifengi Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 27, 58G) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Thailand, Loei Province, Phu Kradueng District, Pha Nok Khao, Tham Wat Phu Sang (16º49.062′N, 101º56.433′E), elev. 385 m, 29.XI.2016, leg. H. Zhao. Etymology. The specific name is taken after the collector, Dr. Huifeng Zhao; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. phangngaensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the very short copulatory duct and the large spherical spermathecae (Figs 27A–B). S. phangngaensis has a long copulatory duct and small oval spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: fig. 290). Description. Female. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.59; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.60; abdomen width 0.35. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 27C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 27D). Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58G). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, ALE, PME subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 27C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 27D). Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II, IV missing; III 1.87 (0.51, 0.16, 0.50, 0.41, 0.29). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, curved posteriorly from epigastric furrow, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 27B); spermathecae spherical (Fig. 27A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera bawangling Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 11– 12, 55E–F) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Changjiang County, Bawangling Natural Reserve, Dong’er protection station (19º5.825′N, 109º10.513′E), elev. 1007m, 11.IV.2012, leg. Z. Chen. Paratypes 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. amber Li & Li sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the long, dark, curved hook like embolus (Figs 11A–B) and a palpal tibia that is shorter than the cymbium, and the females by the large oval spermathecae (Fig. 12A). S. amber Li & Li sp. nov. males have a very long, ribbon-like, nearly transparent embolus and a palpal tibia that is longer than the cymbium, and females have spiral spermathecae (Fig. 1). Description. Male. Total length 1.03; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.47; abdomen width 0.39. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 12C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally strongly excavated, with a small horn-shaped apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 55E–F). Eyes: six contiguous eyes nearly equal sized, surrounded by black pigmentation (Fig. 12C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 2.03 (0.58, 0.16, 0.61, 0.38, 0.30); II 1.85 (0.54, 0.16, 0.51, 0.35, 0.28); III, IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 11). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 0.8 times as long as cymbium (Fig. 11A). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical. Embolus long, dark, curved, hook like and basally with an associated coniform sclerite; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 11D). Female. Total length 1.13; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.63; abdomen width 0.56. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 12D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I, II missing; III 1.45 (0.39, 0.15, 0.38, 0.29, 0.24); IV 1.92 (0.53, 0.18, 0.53, 0.39, 0.29). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae very short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 12B); spermathecae large, oval (Fig. 12A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Speocera lahrak Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 29–30, 56D) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Thailand, Nakhon Nayok Province, Mueang Nakhon Nayok District, forest near Lah Rak waterfall (14º17.472′N, 101º14.888′E), elev. 82 m, 3.XI.2014, leg. H. Zhao, Y. Li & Z. Chen. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. stellafera Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 56D) and having the palpal tibia distinctly shorter than cymbium (Figs 29A–B), and the females by the short, straight afferent spermathecae. S. stellafera males have laterally excavated chelicerae, the palpal tibia longer than the cymbium, and the females have very long, curved afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 264–269). Description. Male. Total length 0.93; carapace length 0.46; carapace width 0.38; abdomen length 0.48; abdomen width 0.34. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 30C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 56D). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, nearly subequal (Fig. 30C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I missing; II missing; III 1.38 (0.39, 0.13, 0.36, 0.28, 0.22); IV 1.91 (0.53, 0.13, 0.55, 0.42, 0.28). Genitalia (Fig. 29). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 0.8 times as long as cymbium (Figs 29A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical. Embolus ribbon-like, dark and basally with an associated plate-like sclerite; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 29D). Female. Total length 0.90; carapace length 0.47; carapace width 0.38; abdomen length 0.42; abdomen width 0.31. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 30D–E). Leg lengths I missing; II missing; III 1.34 (0.37, 0.13, 0.34, 0.28, 0.22); IV 1.80 (0.50, 0.14, 0.51, 0.39, 0.27). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 30B); spermathecae large, elongated oval (Fig. 30A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera dongjing Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 21, 58E) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise City, Tianyang County, Dongjing Town, behind the small gas station, Liangdong Yan (23º40.125′N, 106º33.957′E), elev. 464 m, 4.III.2016, leg. X. Zhang & Z. Chen. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. cuyapo Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the very short copulatory duct that connects the spermathecae to the afferent spermathecae and the size of the spermathecae (Fig. 21A). S. cuyapo Li & Li sp. nov. has a long, curved copulatory duct and small spermathecae (Fig. 20A). Description. Female. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.53; abdomen width 0.42. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, slightly suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 21C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 21D). Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58E). Eyes: six contiguous eyes, nearly equal sized, surrounded by black pigmentation (Fig. 21C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 21D). Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.72 (0.49, 0.15, 0.50, 0.31, 0.27); II 1.57 (0.45, 0.15, 0.43, 0.29, 0.25); III 1.34 (0.38, 0.13, 0.33, 0.28, 0.23); IV 1.82 (0.50, 0.16, 0.51, 0.38, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, tip slightly curved posteriorly, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 21B); spermathecae large, spherical (Fig. 21A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera huisun Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 28, 58H) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), China, Taiwan Province, Nantou County, Huisun Forest Farm (24º5.279′N, 121º2.078′E), elev. 788 m, 30.VI.2013, leg. S. Li. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. suea Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the oval spermathecae and long afferent spermathecae (cf. Figs 28A–B and Figs 41A–B). Description. Female. Total length 1.27; carapace length 0.52; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.71; abdomen width 0.53. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 28C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 28D). Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58H). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME and ALE subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 28C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 28D). Legs missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 28B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 28A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 33-38, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera melinh Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 35, 58I) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Ninh Binh Province, Cuc Phuong National Park, MeLinh Station for Biodiversity (21º23.233′N, 105º42.617′E), elev. 81 m, 31.V.2016, leg. Q. Zhao & Z. Chen. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. bulbiformis Lin, Pham & Li, 2009 but can be distinguished by the very long afferent spermathecae (Fig. 35B). S. bulbiformis has short afferent spermathecae (Lin et al., 2009: figs 4B, E). Description. Female. Total length 1.21; carapace length 0.54; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.60; abdomen width 0.48. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 35C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide (Fig. 35D). Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58I). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME and ALE subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 35C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 35D). Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.98 (0.56, 0.16, 0.59, 0.38, 0.29); II 1.79 (0.52, 0.16, 0.50, 0.35, 0.27); III, IV missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 35B); spermathecae long, oval (Fig. 35A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera heilan Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 25–26, 56C) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Baisha County, Laoyuanmen Town, Heilan Village, sifting leaf litter in bamboo forest, 1.VII.2014 (19º6.672′N, 109º32.889′E), elev. 291 m, leg. F. Li & X. Wang. Paratypes 1♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. Males of the new species are similar to S. ballarini Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the laterally strongly excavated chelicerae (Fig. 56C) and the very small embolus (Fig. 25A). S. ballarini males have unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 55D) and a long, ribbon-like embolus (Fig. 8A). Females of the new species are similar to S. huifengi Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the very small oval spermathecae (Fig. 26A). Description. Male. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.45; abdomen length 0.51; abdomen width 0.36. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 26C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, strongly excavated laterally; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 56C). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 26C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 2.00 (0.59, 0.16, 0.56, 0.40, 0.28); II 1.83 (0.53, 0.14, 0.53, 0.35, 0.28); III 1.64 (0.46, 0.15, 0.43, 0.34, 0.27); IV 2.13 (0.61, 0.15, 0.61, 0.46, 0.30). Genitalia (Fig. 25). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia and cymbium incrassate, palpal tibia strongly enlarged basally, about 1.1 times as long as cymbium (Figs 25A–B). Cymbium conical, with a large prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical, wider than high. Embolus small, dark, associated sclerites absent; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 25D). Female. Total length 0.98; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.45; abdomen width 0.36. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 26D–E). Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I 1.76 (0.38, 0.16, 0.56, 0.38, 0.27); II missing; III 1.52 (0.42, 0.14, 0.38, 0.32, 0.25); IV 2.08 (0.59, 0.16, 0.58, 0.43, 0.33). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, curved, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 26B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 26A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera gexuejuni Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 22–23, 56B) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Lingshui County, Benhao Town, Diaoluoshan Mountain Natural Reserve, riverside, near ticket lobby (18º40.132′N, 109º53.911′E), elev. 280 m, 24.VI.2014, leg. F. Li & X. Wang. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), 11.XII.2018, leg. Z. Chen, other data same as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is named in honor of Prof. Dr. Ge Xuejun from South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for his contribution in plant systematics and evolution; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is very similar to S. heilan Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the spherical male palpal bulb and the belt-like embolus (Fig. 22). S. heilan has a more flattened palpal bulb and a very small embolus (Fig. 25). Description. Male. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.53; carapace width 0.45; abdomen length 0.49; abdomen width 0.34. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly, anterior margin straight in dorsal view; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 23C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; external margin strongly excavated; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 56B). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, ALE and PME subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 23C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II missing; III 2.12 (0.94, 0.14, 0.45, 0.34, 0.25); IV 2.20 (0.61, 0.16, 0.64, 0.45, 0.34). Genitalia (Fig. 22). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia and cymbium incrassate, palpal tibia strongly enlarged basally, 1.1 times as long as cymbium (Figs 22A–B). Cymbium conical, with prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical, as long as wide. Embolus beltlike, dark, associated sclerites short; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 22D). Female. Total length 1.02; carapace length 0.55; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.59; abdomen width 0.42. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 23D–E). Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I 1.96 (0.55, 0.19, 0.56, 0.38, 0.28); II 1.73 (0.50, 0.16, 0.48, 0.34, 0.27); III 1.54 (0.45, 0.14, 0.38, 0.33, 0.24); IV 2.02 (0.58, 0.16, 0.56, 0.45, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, tip slightly curved posteriorly, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 23B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 23A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera cattien Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 16–17, 56A) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Dong Nai Province, Cat Tien National Park, Natural Forest (11º27.005′N, 107º21.863′E), elev. 173 m, 5.IX.2015, leg. Q. Zhao, Y. Li & Z. Chen. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. xuanson Li & Li sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 56A), the incrassate palpal tibia and cymbium (Figs 16A–B) and the sickle-shaped embolus (Fig. 16D), and females by the short afferent spermathecae and the large oval spermathecae (Fig. 17A). S. xuanson males have the chelicerae laterally excavated, with a small horn-like apophysis (Figs 57I–J), the palpal tibia and cymbium not incrassate (Figs 51A– B), and a nearly straight embolus (Fig. 51D), and females have very small spermathecae with long, curved afferent spermathecae (Fig. 52A). Description. Male. Total length 1.01; carapace length 0.46; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.63; abdomen width 0.38. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 17C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 56A). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, ALE, PME nearly subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 17C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 2.20 (0.63, 0.16, 0.64, 0.48, 0.29); II 1.99 (0.58, 0.16, 0.55, 0.42, 0.28); III 1.74 (0.49, 0.14, 0.46, 0.39, 0.27); IV 2.45 (0.67, 0.17, 0.70, 0.54, 0.36). Genitalia (Fig. 16). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia and cymbium incrassate, tibia about 1.2 times as long as cymbium (Figs 16A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical. Embolus long, sickle-shaped, dark and basally with a short associated sclerite; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 16D). Female. Total length 1.10; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.58; abdomen width 0.52. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 17D–E) but larger. Leg lengths I 2.08 (0.59, 0.18, 0.59, 0.44, 0.28); II 1.81 (0.50, 0.14, 0.51, 0.39, 0.27); III 1.60 (0.45, 0.13, 0.41, 0.37, 0.25); IV 2.18 (0.63, 0.15, 0.60, 0.51, 0.30). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, curved, not extending past the sides of the abdomen; tip of the afferent spermathecae question mark shaped (Fig. 17B); spermathecae large, oval (Fig. 17A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera Berland, 1914 Speocera Berland, 1914: 89. Type species: Speocera pallida Berland, 1914. Diagnosis. Promargin of chelicerae with a series of six to seven teeth reaching the lamina. Tracheal spiracle between the epigastric fold and spinnerets. Carapace slightly longer than wide. Clypeus almost vertical, short (1 to 3x PME); tip of labium notched. Legs short. Male palpal tibia without apophysis; male palpal bulb usually spherical or oval, embolus usually with associated sclerites (Dupérré, 2015)., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923, {"references":["Berland, L. 1914. Araneae (1 re partie). In: Voyage, de C. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Oriental (1911 - 1912). Arachnida, III. Resultats scientifiques, Paris. pp. 37 - 94."]}

Speocera suea Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 40–41, 57B) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Thailand, Yala Province, Mueang Yala District, Outside of Suea Cave (6º31.355′N, 101º13.865′E), elev. 43 m, 20.X.2015, leg. Q. Zhao, G. Zhou & Z. Chen. Paratypes 1♂ 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. Males of the new species are similar to S. ranongensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 (female unknown) but can be distinguished by the distinctly short palpal tibia that is about 1.2 times as long as the cymbium in the new species (Fig. 40A) vs two times longer than the cymbium in S. ranongensis (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: fig. 272); females of the new species are similar to S. capra Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the tubular spermathecae (Fig. 41A). Description. Male. Total length 0.94; carapace length 0.38; carapace width 0.45; abdomen length 0.47; abdomen width 0.33. Prosoma: carapace broadly oval, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 41C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum brown, as long as wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, lateral margin slightly curved, with several setae; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 57B). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, ALE largest (Fig. 41C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II, III missing; IV 1.94 (0.54, 0.14, 0.54, 0.43, 0.29). Genitalia (Fig. 40). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 1.2 times as long as cymbium. Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical, wider than high. Embolus ribbon-like, dark and basally with two long associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, narrowing distally (Fig. 40D). Female. Total length 1.11; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.54; abdomen width 0.45. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 41D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.81 (0.51, 0.15, 0.53, 0.36, 0.27); II 1.65 (0.45, 0.16, 0.45, 0.34, 0.26); III 1.45 (0.39. 0.13, 0.38, 0.31, 0.23); IV 1.95 (0.54, 0.16, 0.54, 0.43, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 41B); spermathecae tubular like (Fig. 41A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera cucphuong Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 18–19, 55H, I) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Ninh Binh Province, Cuc Phuong National Park, on the path to the Old Tree, 20.VIII.2015 (20º20.972′N, 105º35.600′E), elev. 437 m, leg. Q. Zhao, Y. Li & Z. Chen. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. bulbiformis Lin, Pham & Li, 2009, but males can be distinguished by the laterally excavated chelicerae with a horn-like apophysis (Figs 55H–I) and by the nearly spherical male palpal bulb (Figs 18A–B), and females by the very long, curved afferent spermathecae (Fig. 19B). S. bulbiformis males have unmodified chelicerae, a more flattened palpal bulb, and females have very short, nearly straight afferent spermathecae (Lin et al., 2009: figs 3–4). Description. Male. Total length 1.13; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.57; abdomen width 0.40. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 18C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; external margin strongly excavated, anterior face with one horn-like apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 55H–I). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 18C). Opisthosoma oval; light gray. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II missing; III 1.56 (0.42, 0.14, 0.43, 0.32, 0.25); IV 2.16 (0.60, 0.16, 0.63, 0.45, 0.32). Genitalia (Fig. 18). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 18A–B). Cymbium conical, with a prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical, as long as wide. Embolus short, black, associated sclerites absent; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 18D). Female. Total length 1.41; carapace length 0.57; carapace width 0.46; abdomen length 0.80; abdomen width 0.58. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 19D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.85 (0.50, 0.16, 0.52, 0.37, 0.29); II missing; III 1.64 (0.45, 0.15, 0.43, 0.47, 0.34); IV 2.22 (0.40, 0.13, 0.30, 0.29, 0.23). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae elongated, curved, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 19B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 19A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 18-26, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera trusmadi Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 45–46, 57D) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Malaysia, Borneo, State of Sabah, Mount Trus Madi, Jungle Girl Camp (5º26.634′N, 116º27.079′E), elev. 1234 m, 1.V.2016, leg. Z. Chen. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. capra Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the presence of a cluster of long setae on the lateral surface of the chelicerae (Fig. 57D) and the more flattened palpal bulb (Figs 45A–B), and the females by the oval spermathecae (Fig. 46A). S. capra males have the chelicerae with a lateral horn, the palpal bulb nearly round, and the females have small oval spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 273–279). Description. Male. Total length 1.05; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.53; abdomen width 0.36. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 46C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally excavated, with a cluster of long setae; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 57D). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME, ALE and PLE nearly subequal (Fig. 46C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 2.18 (0.61, 0.16, 0.63, 0.48, 0.31); II 1.99 (0.56, 0.16, 0.54, 0.43, 0.30); III, IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 45). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 1.2 times as long as cymbium, palpal tibia and cymbium incrassate. Cymbium conical, with large prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical, wider than high, with a small tuberculate apophysis. Embolus a wide triangle, dark and basally without distinct associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, abruptly narrowing distally (Fig. 45D). Female. Total length 1.18; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.61; abdomen width 0.48. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 46D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I 2.10 (0.59, 0.16, 0.60, 0.45, 0.30); II, III missing; IV 1.73 (0.47, 0.15, 0.43, 0.40, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae very short, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 46B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 46A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 56, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera cuyapo Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 20, 58D) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Philippines, Luzon Island, Nueva Ecija Province, Cuyapo City, Forest, on a steep slope, in the litter. (15º47.809′N, 120º39.329′E), elev. 60m, 22.V.2015, leg. F. Ballarin & Y. Li. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. apo Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the posteriorly curved tip of the afferent spermathecae (Fig. 20B). The tip of the afferent spermathecae is curved anteriorly in S. apo (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 223–224). Description. Female. Total length 1.19; carapace length 0.49; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.66; abdomen width 0.49. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; yellow, strongly suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 20C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 20D). Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58D). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 20C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 20D). Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II, IV missing; III 1.35 (0.40, 0.13, 0.30, 0.29, 0.23). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, not extending past the sides of the abdomen; tip of the afferent spermathecae curved posteriorly from epigastric furrow (Fig. 20B); spermathecae small, round (Fig. 20A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera trapezialis Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 43–44, 56I) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Quang Binh Province, Phong Nha-ke Bang National Park, Botanic Garden (17º33.150′N, 106º18.083′E), elev. 117 m, 14.V.2016, Leg. Q. Zhao & Z. Chen. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from ancient Greek and refers to the trapezoidal male palpal bulb; adjective. Diagnosis. The males of this new species can be distinguished from all the other congeners by the trapezoidal palpal bulb (Figs 43A–B) and the females by the very long, tubular spermathecae (Fig. 44A). Description. Male. Total length 0.99; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.53; abdomen width 0.36. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 44C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally slightly curved; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 56I). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME and ALE nearly subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 44C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 2.04 (0.59, 0.14, 0.61, 0.41, 0.28); II 1.88 (0.55, 0.16, 0.54, 0.37, 0.26); III 1.63 (0.48. 0.13, 0.43, 0.34, 0.25); IV 2.15 (0.63, 0.14, 0.59, 0.47, 0.32). Genitalia (Fig. 43). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 43A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb nearly trapezoidal. Embolus short, dark and basally without distinct associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, narrowing distally (Fig. 43D). Female. Total length 1.19; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.50; abdomen width 0.37. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 44D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I 1.96 (0.55, 0.16, 0.58, 0.40, 0.28); II missing; III 1.57 (0.44. 0.14, 0.41, 0.34, 0.24); IV 2.11 (0.59, 0.15, 0.61, 0.46, 0.31). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae very short, strongly curved posteriorly from the epigastric furrow, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 44B); spermathecae long, tubular (Fig. 44A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 56, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera nuichua Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 36–37, 56H) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Ninh Thuan Province, Nui Chua National Park (11º43.565′N, 109º11.135′E), elev. 70 m, 30.VIII.2015, Leg. Q. Zhao, Y. Li & Z. Chen. Paratypes 1♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. apo Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the palpal tibia which is shorter than the cymbium (Figs 36A–B) and the chelicerae which are laterally excavated, with several short, strong setae (Fig. 56H) and females by the very large, balloon-shaped spermathecae (Fig. 37A). S. apo males have the palpal tibia longer than the cymbium, the chelicerae laterally straight, without special setae, and the females have oval spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 220–224). Description. Male. Total length 0.93; carapace length 0.47; carapace width 0.38; abdomen length 0.44; abdomen width 0.37. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with a purplish pattern (Fig. 37C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally excavated, with several short, strong setae; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 56H). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME and ALE subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 37C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs missing. Genitalia (Fig. 36). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 0.7 times as long as cymbium (Figs 36A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extensions. Bulb spherical. Embolus short, dark and basally without distinct associated sclerites; sperm duct very wide, narrowing distally (Fig. 36D). Female. Total length 1.03; carapace length 0.46; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.55; abdomen width 0.48. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 37D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.78 (0.48, 0.15, 0.53, 0.36, 0.26); II 1.58 (0.45, 0.14, 0.44, 0.32, 0.23); III 1.39 (0.38, 0.11, 0.36, 0.31, 0.23); IV 1.93 (0.54, 0.14, 0.56, 0.42, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae very short, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 37B); spermathecae very large, balloon shaped (Fig. 37A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera balikpapan Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 7, 58A) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Borneo, Balikpapan, Wanarist (1º01.523′S, 116º51.917′E), elev. 60 m, 18.VIII.2017, leg. H. Liu & Z. Chen. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. phangngaensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the long, tubular spermathecae (Fig. 7A). S. phangngaensis females have oval spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: fig. 290). Description. Female. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.55; abdomen width 0.41. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 7A); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58A). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, nearly subequal (Fig. 7C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 7D). Legs missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 7B); spermathecae long, tubular (Fig. 7A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Speocera longyan Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 31–32, 56G) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hechi City, Du’an County, Xia’ao Town, Longyan Cave, 15.III.2015 (24º4.402′N, 108º3.257′E), elev. 173 m, leg. Z. Chen & Y. Li. Paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. bachma Li & Li sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the laterally strongly curved chelicerae (Fig. 56G) and the asymmetrical male palpal bulb (Figs 31A–B), and females by the tubular spermathecae (Fig. 32A). S. bachma males have unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 55C), a symmetrical male palpal bulb (Figs 5A–B), and females have oval spermathecae (Fig. 6A). Description. Male. Total length 1.05; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.62; abdomen width 0.42. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 32A); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, lateral margin strongly curved; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 56G). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, ALE largest (Fig. 32C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.97 (0.56, 0.18, 0.56, 0.38, 0.29); II 1.80 (0.51, 0.16, 0.51, 0.35, 0.28); III 1.60 (0.45. 0.14, 0.41, 0.34, 0.26); IV 2.18 (0.63, 0.16, 0.61, 0.45, 0.33). Genitalia (Fig. 31). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 31A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb asymmetrical, elliptical, with a small apophysis distally. Embolus short, butterfly-like and without distinct associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 31D). Female. Total length 1.14; carapace length 0.52; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.62; abdomen width 0.49. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 32D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.99 (0.58, 0.16, 0.58, 0.38, 0.29); II 1.82 (0.52, 0.16, 0.50, 0.34, 0.29); III 1.70 (0.47. 0.16, 0.45, 0.36, 0.27); IV 2.18 (0.61, 0.16, 0.64, 0.46, 0.33). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, strongly curved posteriorly from the epigastric furrow, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 32B); spermathecae tubular shaped (Fig. 32A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 38-43, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera bukittinggi Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 14–15, 55G) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Sumatra, West Sumatra Province, Bukittinggi, near entrance of Tarang Cave (0º12.653′S, 100º24.977′E), elev. 877 m, 13.V.2014, leg. Z. Yao. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. transleuser Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the pyriform shaped palpal bulb (Figs 14A–B), the long, dark embolus and plate-like associated sclerites (Fig. 14D) and the female by the strongly curved, long afferent spermathecae (Fig. 15B). S. transleuser males have a nearly flattened palpal bulb and a very small embolus, and females have slightly curved afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 257–260). Description. Male. Total length 0.89; carapace length 0.44; carapace width 0.37; abdomen length 0.45; abdomen width 0.38. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, strongly suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 15C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 55G). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 15C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.56 (0.45, 0.11, 0.45, 0.31, 0.24); II 1.44 (0.42, 0.11, 0.40, 0.30, 0.22); III 1.27 (0.36, 0.13, 0.31, 0.28, 0.20); IV 1.67 (0.49, 0.12, 0.47, 0.38, 0.23). Genitalia (Fig. 14). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia strongly elongated, about 2.5 times as long as cymbium (Figs 14A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb pyriform, much longer than wide. Embolus long, dark and basally with associated platelike sclerites; sperm duct wide initially, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 14D). Female. Total length 0.92; carapace length 0.43; carapace width 0.38; abdomen length 0.47; abdomen width 0.42. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 15D–E). Leg lengths I, II, IV missing; III 1.18 (0.31, 0.13, 0.30, 0.25, 0.20). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, curved, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 15B); spermathecae large, amorphous (Fig. 15A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera amber Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 1–2, 55A) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Madagascar, Antsiranana Province, Antsiranana District, Amber Mountain (12º31.796′S, 49º10.460′E), elev. 1084 m, 14.XII.2016, leg. H. Zhao. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species can be distinguished from all other congeners by the very long, ribbon-like embolus of the males (Figs 1A–B) and the spiral spermathecae of the females (Fig. 2A). Description. Male. Total length 0.95; carapace length 0.45; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.47; abdomen width 0.34. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 2C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; anterolateral margin with a cluster of short setae; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 55A). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 2C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 2.45 (1.06, 0.16, 0.58, 0.39, 0.27); II 1.67 (0.46, 0.11, 0.50, 0.34, 0.26); III 1.47 (0.41, 0.13, 0.38, 0.33, 0.23); IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 1). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 1.3 times as long as cymbium (Figs 1A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension (Fig. 1A). Bulb spherical. Embolus very long, ribbon-like, nearly transparent, associated sclerite absent; sperm duct initially medium size, gradually tapering distally (Fig. 1D). Female. Total length 1.20; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.64; abdomen width 0.50. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 2D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I missing; II 1.92 (0.53, 0.15, 0.57, 0.39, 0.28); III 1.50 (0.41, 0.14, 0.38, 0.33, 0.25); IV 1.98 (0.55, 0.14, 0.56, 0.43, 0.30). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 2B); spermathecae spiral (Fig. 2A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera bukittinggi Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 14–15, 55G) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Sumatra, West Sumatra Province, Bukittinggi, near entrance of Tarang Cave (0º12.653′S, 100º24.977′E), elev. 877 m, 13.V.2014, leg. Z. Yao. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. transleuser Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the pyriform shaped palpal bulb (Figs 14A–B), the long, dark embolus and plate-like associated sclerites (Fig. 14D) and the female by the strongly curved, long afferent spermathecae (Fig. 15B). S. transleuser males have a nearly flattened palpal bulb and a very small embolus, and females have slightly curved afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 257–260). Description. Male. Total length 0.89; carapace length 0.44; carapace width 0.37; abdomen length 0.45; abdomen width 0.38. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, strongly suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 15C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 55G). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 15C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.56 (0.45, 0.11, 0.45, 0.31, 0.24); II 1.44 (0.42, 0.11, 0.40, 0.30, 0.22); III 1.27 (0.36, 0.13, 0.31, 0.28, 0.20); IV 1.67 (0.49, 0.12, 0.47, 0.38, 0.23). Genitalia (Fig. 14). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia strongly elongated, about 2.5 times as long as cymbium (Figs 14A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb pyriform, much longer than wide. Embolus long, dark and basally with associated platelike sclerites; sperm duct wide initially, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 14D). Female. Total length 0.92; carapace length 0.43; carapace width 0.38; abdomen length 0.47; abdomen width 0.42. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 15D–E). Leg lengths I, II, IV missing; III 1.18 (0.31, 0.13, 0.30, 0.25, 0.20). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, curved, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 15B); spermathecae large, amorphous (Fig. 15A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng, Li, Shuqiang (2019): Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia. Zoological Systematics 44 (1): 1-75, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901

Speocera xuanson Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 51–52, 57I–J) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Vietnam, Xuan Son National Park, Lun Cave (21º7.022′N, 104º57.443′E), elev. 398 m, 16.X.2012, leg. H. Zhao. Paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. bicornea Tong & Li, 2007, but males can be distinguished by the long associated sclerites of the embolus (Figs 51A–B) and females by the long afferent spermathecae extending to the upper sides of the abdomen (Figs 52B, D). S. bicornea males do not have the long associated sclerites of the embolus, and the females have short afferent spermathecae, not extending to upper sides of the abdomen (Tong & Li, 2007: fig. 7). Description. Male. Total length 1.10; carapace length 0.48; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.58; abdomen width 0.40. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with brownish pattern (Fig. 52C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum yellow, suffused with brown, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally strongly excavated, with a small horn-shaped apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 57I–J). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest; PLE largest (Fig. 52C). Opisthosoma oval; light brown. Legs missing. Genitalia (Fig. 51). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 51A–B). Cymbium conical, with large prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical, wider than high. Embolus wide, dark and basally with one long associated sclerite; sperm duct initially very wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 51D). Female. Total length 1.25; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.68; abdomen width 0.46. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 52D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Legs I, II, III missing; leg IV 2.06 (0.59, 0.15, 0.58, 0.42, 0.32). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 52B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 52A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera ballarini Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 8–9, 55D) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Philippines, Luzon Island, Tarlac Province, Tarlac City, near Monasterio de Tarlac. (15º26.900′N, 120º25.671′E), elev. 131 m, 20.V.2015, leg. F. Ballarin & Y. Li. Etymology. The specific name is taken after one of the collectors, Dr. Francesco Ballarin; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. suratthaniensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the greatly enlarged palpal tibia, the spherical palp and the wide embolus (Figs 8A–B). S. suratthaniensis males have a slightly enlarged palpal tibia, a flattened palp and narrow embolus (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: fig. 292). Description. Male. Total length 0.90; carapace length 0.45; carapace width 0.38; abdomen length 0.43; abdomen width 0.30. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 9A); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 9B). Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, long, laterally slightly excavated; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two small denticles (Fig. 55D). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, ALE and PLE nearly subequal (Fig. 9A). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 9B). Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.37 (0.37, 0.13, 0.33, 0.31, 0.23); II 1.82 (0.48, 0.17, 0.55, 0.36, 0.26); III, IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 8). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia greatly enlarged basally, as long as cymbium (Figs 8A–B). Cymbium conical, with long prolateral extension basally (Fig. 8A). Bulb spherical, as long as wide. Embolus long, wide, dark and basally with a short associated sclerite; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 8D). Female. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera bontoc Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 13, 58C) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Philippines, Luzon Island, Mountain Province, Bontoc Town, road to Banawe Town. Rainforest along the road, in the litter. (16º58.242′N, 121º1.505′E), elev. 1873 m, 22.V.2015, leg. F. Ballarin & Y. Li. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. suratthaniensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the large, oval spermathecae and the distinct bending of the tip of the afferent spermathecae (Figs 13A–B). S. suratthaniensis females have small, oval spermathecae and a straight tip of the afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 293– 294). Description. Female. Total length 1.06; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.56; abdomen width 0.43. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 13C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 13D). Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58C). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME and ALE subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 13C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 13D). Legs missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen, distally with a distinct bend (Fig. 13B); spermathecae large, oval (Fig. 13A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera batang Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 10, 58B) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Sumatra, West Sumatra Province, Kab Agam Kecamatan Matur, Kanagarian Matuailia, Batang Lawang Cave (0º15.739′S, 100º18.491′E), elev. 761 m, 12.I.2014, leg. H. Zhao. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. lahrak Li & Li sp. nov., but females can be distinguished by the small, oval spermathecae (Fig. 10A). S. lahrak Li & Li sp. nov. has very large, elongated, oval spermathecae (Fig. 30A). Description. Female. Total length 1.18; carapace length 0.52; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.67; abdomen width 0.45. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 10C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 10D). Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58B). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 10C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 10D). Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.89 (0.51, 0.17, 0.54, 0.39, 0.28); II 1.73 (0.50, 0.16, 0.46, 0.36, 0.26); III, IV missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with short, curved afferent spermathecae, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 10B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 10A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 4-13, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera tabuk Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 42, 58J) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Philippines, Luzon Island, Kalinga Province, Tabuk City, road to Tabuk, forest along the road near a narrow water channel (17º24.757′N, 121º16.384′E), elev. 408 m, 2.VI.2015, leg. F. Ballarin & Y. Li. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. cuyapo Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the longer afferent spermathecae (cf. Figs 42B, 20B). Description. Female. Total length 1.00; carapace length 0.48; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.51; abdomen width 0.36. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 42C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 42D). Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58J). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, nearly subequal (Fig. 42C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.76 (0.50, 0.15, 0.51, 0.34, 0.25); II 1.63 (0.46, 0.16, 0.45, 0.32, 0.25); III 1.43 (0.41, 0.14, 0.36, 0.30, 0.22); IV missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 42B); spermathecae amorphous (Fig. 42A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera ankalana Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 3–4, 55B) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Madagascar, Antsiranana Province, Ambilobe District, Ankalana National Park (12º57.010′S, 49º07.021′E), elev. 140 m, 16.XII.2016, leg. H. Zhao. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. transleuser Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995, but males can be distinguished by the laterally strongly excavated chelicerae (Fig. 55B) and the elliptical palpal bulb (Figs 3A–B), and the females by the very short, straight afferent spermathecae (Fig. 4A). S. transleuser males have antero-posteriorly compressed chelicerae and a nearly flattened palpal bulb, and females have long, curved afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 257– 260). Description. Male. Total length 0.96; carapace length 0.47; carapace width 0.41; abdomen length 0.45; abdomen width 0.28. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly, anterior margin smoothly curved in dorsal view; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 4C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; external margin strongly excavated; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 55B). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 4C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs missing. Genitalia (Fig. 3). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia elongated, about 1.6 times as long as cymbium (Figs 3A–B). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb elliptical, much longer than wide. Embolus short, black, associated sclerites beltlike; sperm duct initially medium sized, becoming very narrow distally (Fig. 3D). Female. Total length 1.23; carapace length 0.48; carapace width 0.40; abdomen length 0.70; abdomen width 0.56. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 4C–D) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Legs light yellow; I, II, IV missing; III 1.46 (0.41, 0.14, 0.38, 0.29, 0.23). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen; tip of the afferent spermathecae question mark shaped (Fig. 4B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 4A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera xiaoxiaoae Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 49– 50, 57E–F) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Tunchang County, Datong Town, Wolongshan Hill (19º27.545′N, 110º7.315′E), elev. 248m, 6.VII.2014, leg. F. Li & X. Wang. Paratypes 2♂ 2♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is taken after one of the collectors, Miss Xiaoxiao Wang; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. zhigangi Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the slender male palpal tibia and cymbium (Figs 49A–B), the long, slender horn-shaped apophysis of the male chelicerae (Figs 57E–F), and the very long afferent spermathecae and elongated oval spermathecae (Figs 50A–B). S. zhigangi males have an incrassate palpal tibia and cymbium (Figs 53A–B), large, blunt, horn-shaped apophysis on the chelicerae (Figs 57G–H), and the females have short afferent spermathecae and small oval spermathecae (Figs 54A–B). Description. Male. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.58; abdomen width 0.39. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 50C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally strongly excavated, with a long, slender horn-shaped apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 57E–F). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 50C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.92 (0.56, 0.16, 0.56, 0.36, 0.28); II 1.70 (0.48, 0.15, 0.48, 0.33, 0.27); III, IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 49). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 49A–B). Cymbium conical, with small prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical. Embolus small, dark, associated sclerites absent; sperm duct initially wide gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 49D). Female. Total length 1.09; carapace length 0.49; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.59; abdomen width 0.41. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 50D–E). Chelicerae unmodified. Leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.85 (0.52, 0.17, 0.53, 0.36, 0.27); II 1.67 (0.48, 0.16, 0.45, 0.32, 0.27); III 1.46 (0.42, 0.13, 0.37, 0.30, 0.25); IV 1.93 (0.53, 0.16, 0.56, 0.41, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, straight, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 50B); spermathecae elongated, oval (Fig. 50A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Speocera xiaoxiaoae Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 49– 50, 57E–F) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Tunchang County, Datong Town, Wolongshan Hill (19º27.545′N, 110º7.315′E), elev. 248m, 6.VII.2014, leg. F. Li & X. Wang. Paratypes 2♂ 2♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is taken after one of the collectors, Miss Xiaoxiao Wang; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. zhigangi Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the slender male palpal tibia and cymbium (Figs 49A–B), the long, slender horn-shaped apophysis of the male chelicerae (Figs 57E–F), and the very long afferent spermathecae and elongated oval spermathecae (Figs 50A–B). S. zhigangi males have an incrassate palpal tibia and cymbium (Figs 53A–B), large, blunt, horn-shaped apophysis on the chelicerae (Figs 57G–H), and the females have short afferent spermathecae and small oval spermathecae (Figs 54A–B). Description. Male. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.58; abdomen width 0.39. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 50C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally strongly excavated, with a long, slender horn-shaped apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 57E–F). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 50C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 1.92 (0.56, 0.16, 0.56, 0.36, 0.28); II 1.70 (0.48, 0.15, 0.48, 0.33, 0.27); III, IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 49). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 49A–B). Cymbium conical, with small prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical. Embolus small, dark, associated sclerites absent; sperm duct initially wide gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 49D). Female. Total length 1.09; carapace length 0.49; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.59; abdomen width 0.41. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 50D–E). Chelicerae unmodified. Leg formula 4123; leg lengths I 1.85 (0.52, 0.17, 0.53, 0.36, 0.27); II 1.67 (0.48, 0.16, 0.45, 0.32, 0.27); III 1.46 (0.42, 0.13, 0.37, 0.30, 0.25); IV 1.93 (0.53, 0.16, 0.56, 0.41, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, straight, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 50B); spermathecae elongated, oval (Fig. 50A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera balikpapan Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 7, 58A) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Borneo, Balikpapan, Wanarist (1º01.523′S, 116º51.917′E), elev. 60 m, 18.VIII.2017, leg. H. Liu & Z. Chen. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. phangngaensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the long, tubular spermathecae (Fig. 7A). S. phangngaensis females have oval spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: fig. 290). Description. Female. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.43; abdomen length 0.55; abdomen width 0.41. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 7A); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58A). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, nearly subequal (Fig. 7C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 7D). Legs missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 7B); spermathecae long, tubular (Fig. 7A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera griswoldi Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 24, 58F) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (CAS), Madagascar, Fianarantsoa Province, Ranomafana National Park, Vohiparara, 3.6 km W Ranomafana, sifting leaf litter, primary montane rainforest, 13–14.I.2009 (21º14.243′S, 47º23.842′E), elev. 1150 m, leg. C. Griswold, A. Saucedo & H. Wood. Etymology. The specific name is named in honor of one of the collectors, Dr. Charles Griswold; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. tubularis Li & Li sp. nov. but can be distinguished by the tip of afferent spermathecae which is shaped like a question mark and the bag shaped spermathecae (Figs 24A–B). The tip of the afferent spermathecae of S. tubularis are like large question marks, and they have tubular spermathecae (Figs 48A–B). Description. Female. Total length 0.91; carapace length 0.44; carapace width 0.37; abdomen length 0.48; abdomen width 0.36. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; yellow, suffused with a purplish pattern (Fig. 24C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 24D). Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58F). Eyes: six contiguous eyes, PME smallest, PLE largest, surrounded by black pigmentation (Fig. 24C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 24D). Legs missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae short, curved, not extending past the sides of the abdomen; tip of the afferent spermathecae shaped like a question mark (Fig. 24B); spermathecae large, bag shaped (Fig. 24A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera payakumbuh Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 38–39, 57A) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Sumatra, West Sumatra Province, Payakumbuh, near exit of Ngalau Indah Cave (0º15.296′S, 100º36.256′E), elev. 626 m, 14.V.2014, leg. Z. Yao. Paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. xuanson Li & Li sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 57A) and the very long, curved associated sclerites of the male embolus (Figs 38A–B), and females by the small spermathecae (Fig. 39A). S. xuanson males have the chelicerae laterally strongly excavated, with a horn-like apophysis (Figs 57I–J), and long, straight associated sclerites of the embolus (Figs 51A–B), and the females have relatively larger spermathecae (Fig. 52A). Description. Male. Total length 0.79; carapace length 0.40; carapace width 0.34; abdomen length 0.38; abdomen width 0.30. Prosoma: carapace broadly oval, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 39C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum brown, as long as wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 57A). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME, ALE and PLE nearly subequal (Fig. 39C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II, III missing; IV 1.65 (0.45, 0.14, 0.45, 0.37, 0.24). Genitalia (Fig. 38). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia twice as long as cymbium. Cymbium conical, with a large prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical. Embolus triangular, dark and basally with one long, curved associated sclerite; sperm duct initially wide narrowing distally (Fig. 38D). Female. Total length 0.99; carapace length 0.42; carapace width 0.37; abdomen length 0.56; abdomen width 0.42. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 39D–E) but larger. Leg lengths I 1.51 (0.40, 0.14, 0.44, 0.30, 0.23); II missing; III 1.23 (0.32. 0.13, 0.31, 0.28, 0.20); IV 1.61 (0.45, 0.13, 0.44, 0.35, 0.25). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 39B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 39A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Speocera payakumbuh Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 38–39, 57A) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), Indonesia, Sumatra, West Sumatra Province, Payakumbuh, near exit of Ngalau Indah Cave (0º15.296′S, 100º36.256′E), elev. 626 m, 14.V.2014, leg. Z. Yao. Paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. xuanson Li & Li sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the unmodified chelicerae (Fig. 57A) and the very long, curved associated sclerites of the male embolus (Figs 38A–B), and females by the small spermathecae (Fig. 39A). S. xuanson males have the chelicerae laterally strongly excavated, with a horn-like apophysis (Figs 57I–J), and long, straight associated sclerites of the embolus (Figs 51A–B), and the females have relatively larger spermathecae (Fig. 52A). Description. Male. Total length 0.79; carapace length 0.40; carapace width 0.34; abdomen length 0.38; abdomen width 0.30. Prosoma: carapace broadly oval, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 39C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum brown, as long as wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 57A). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME, ALE and PLE nearly subequal (Fig. 39C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I, II, III missing; IV 1.65 (0.45, 0.14, 0.45, 0.37, 0.24). Genitalia (Fig. 38). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia twice as long as cymbium. Cymbium conical, with a large prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical. Embolus triangular, dark and basally with one long, curved associated sclerite; sperm duct initially wide narrowing distally (Fig. 38D). Female. Total length 0.99; carapace length 0.42; carapace width 0.37; abdomen length 0.56; abdomen width 0.42. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 39D–E) but larger. Leg lengths I 1.51 (0.40, 0.14, 0.44, 0.30, 0.23); II missing; III 1.23 (0.32. 0.13, 0.31, 0.28, 0.20); IV 1.61 (0.45, 0.13, 0.44, 0.35, 0.25). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 39B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 39A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 44-52, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera bawangling Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 11– 12, 55E–F) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Changjiang County, Bawangling Natural Reserve, Dong’er protection station (19º5.825′N, 109º10.513′E), elev. 1007m, 11.IV.2012, leg. Z. Chen. Paratypes 3♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. amber Li & Li sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the long, dark, curved hook like embolus (Figs 11A–B) and a palpal tibia that is shorter than the cymbium, and the females by the large oval spermathecae (Fig. 12A). S. amber Li & Li sp. nov. males have a very long, ribbon-like, nearly transparent embolus and a palpal tibia that is longer than the cymbium, and females have spiral spermathecae (Fig. 1). Description. Male. Total length 1.03; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.47; abdomen width 0.39. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 12C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally strongly excavated, with a small horn-shaped apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 55E–F). Eyes: six contiguous eyes nearly equal sized, surrounded by black pigmentation (Fig. 12C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I 2.03 (0.58, 0.16, 0.61, 0.38, 0.30); II 1.85 (0.54, 0.16, 0.51, 0.35, 0.28); III, IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 11). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia about 0.8 times as long as cymbium (Fig. 11A). Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical. Embolus long, dark, curved, hook like and basally with an associated coniform sclerite; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 11D). Female. Total length 1.13; carapace length 0.50; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.63; abdomen width 0.56. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 12D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I, II missing; III 1.45 (0.39, 0.15, 0.38, 0.29, 0.24); IV 1.92 (0.53, 0.18, 0.53, 0.39, 0.29). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae very short, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 12B); spermathecae large, oval (Fig. 12A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 13-17, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Speocera zhigangi Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 53–54, 57G–H) Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China, Hainan Province, Changjiang County, Bawangling Natural Reserve, Dongyi Protection Station (19º7.165′N, 109º9.100′E), elev. 684 m, 12.IV.2012, leg. Z. Chen. Paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name is taken after the collector, Mr. Zhigang Chen; name in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. bicornea Tong & Li, 2007, but males can be distinguished by the male palpal bulb which is strongly constricted at the distal third (Figs 53A–B), and females by the large, oval spermathecae (Fig. 54A). S. bicornea males have a more flattened, spherical palpal bulb and females have very small spermathecae (Tong & Li, 2007: fig. 7). Description. Male. Total length 1.03; carapace length 0.49; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.48; abdomen width 0.34. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 54C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow with serrula; labium light yellow. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow, laterally strongly excavated, with a large, blunt horn-shaped apophysis; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Figs 57G–H). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest (Fig. 54C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Legs light yellow; leg lengths I missing; II 1.69 (0.49, 0.16, 0.48, 0.31, 0.26); III 1.46 (0.41, 0.14, 0.38, 0.30, 0.23); IV missing. Genitalia (Fig. 53). Palpal femur long; palpal tibia as long as cymbium (Figs 53A–B), palpal tibia and cymbium incrassate. Cymbium conical, with large prolateral extension basally. Bulb spherical, longer than wide, distal third strongly constricted. Embolus small, dark and basally with plate-shaped associated sclerites; sperm duct initially wide, gradually narrowing distally (Fig. 53D). Female. Total length 1.08; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.44; abdomen length 0.53; abdomen width 0.38. Similar to male in color and general features (Figs 54D–E) but larger. Chelicerae unmodified. Leg lengths I 1.72 (0.50, 0.16, 0.50, 0.31, 0.25); II missing; III 1.42 (0.38, 0.14, 0.36, 0.30, 0.24); IV 1.88 (0.53, 0.16, 0.53, 0.38, 0.28). Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae elongated, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen (Fig. 54B); spermathecae oval (Fig. 54A). Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Funding This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31572237, 31750002) to Yanfeng Tong, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31530067) and the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2015CASEABRI005, Y4ZK111B01) to Shuqiang Li. Acknowledgements The manuscript benefitted greatly from comments by Sarah Crews (San Francisco, USA). Theo Blick (Hummeltal, Germany) kindly checked etymology of the new species., Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on pages 66-75, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923

Leclercera niuqu Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 3, 8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34331), Nepal, Mechi District, Bauwa, Bhanjyang, 27°04’03”N, 87°47’19”E, altitude 2659 m, 26 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratype: 1 male, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34332). Etymology. The species name comes from Chinese pinyin “ niuqu ” which means “irregular”, referring to the wave-shaped conductor of bulb; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Males of this new species resemble those of L. zhaoi Li et Li sp. nov. in having a conductor bifid with different sizes and a retrolateral tibial apophysis on the palp, but can be distinguished by the narrow, waveshaped distal part of the larger one (Fig. 3A) and the shorter retrolateral apophysis on the tibia (Fig. 3C). Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length 3.46; carapace length: 0.95, width: 1.05; abdomen length: 2.23, width: 1.15. Legs brown; measurements: I 11.39 (3.16, 0.47, 3.40, 2.96, 1.40), II 8.89 (2.81, 0.36, 2.72, 2.19, 0.81), III 6.75 (2.00, 0.31, 1.94, 1.72, 0.78), IV 9.62 (2.60, 0.36, 2.90, 2.48, 1.28). Carapace round, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands. Anterior margin of thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and one tooth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8D), the posterior surface of fang with 26 small denticles. Labium brown. Sternum yellow. Abdomen dark and elongate with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 3A–D): femur slender; tibia with one slightly curved spine and one apophysis bearing a spine retrolaterally; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 3A); conductor arising distally from bulb, divided into two unequal parts, one sharp and the other distinctly wave-shaped; embolus arising distally from bulb, oblique, slightly sigmoid. Embolus and conductor slightly separated (the distance is less than semidiameter of bulb). Female: Unknown. Variation. Males: carapace length: 0.92, 0.95, width: 1.20, 2.23, tibia I 3.16, 3.33. Natural History. Collected in leaf litter of fragmented montane forest (mixed with tea garden) at an altitude of 2659 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9).

Leclercera zhaoi Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 6–8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34335), Nepal, Mechi District, Mai Pokhari, 27°00’40”N, 87°55’57”E, altitude 2099 m, 25 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratypes: 2 females and 2 males, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34336–34339). Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Dr Qingyuan Zhao who collected the types; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. Males of this new species are similar to those of L. niuqu Li et Li sp. nov. in having the conductor with two divisions of different sizes, but can be distinguished by the broad, bent distal part of the larger one (Fig. 6A) and the longer retrolateral tibial apophysis on the palp (Fig. 6C). Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length 3.46; carapace length: 0.80, width: 0.92; abdomen length: 2.28, width: 0.91. Legs brown; measurements: I 12.04 (3.39, 0.35, 3.53, 3.52, 1.25), II 8.89 (2.56, 0.32, 2.69, 2.38, 0.94), III 6.42 (1.84, 0.31, 1.90, 1.62, 0.75), IV 9.88 (2.89, 0.32, 2.88, 2.66, 1.13). Carapace subcircular, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands (Fig. 7C). Anterior margin of thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and one tooth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8C), the posterior surface of fang with 25 small denticles. Labium brown. Sternum brown. Abdomen slender with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 6A–D): femur slender with three long spines retrolaterally; tibia with two slightly curved spines and one retrolateral apophysis bearing a short spine distally, and a clump of bristles basally; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 6A); conductor arising distally from bulb, divided into two unequal parts, one sharp and the other broad; embolus arising distally from bulb, oblique, sigmoid. Embolus and conductor slightly separated (Fig. 6D). Female: Measurements: total length 2.68; carapace length: 0.84, width: 0.88; abdomen length: 1.82, width: 0.97. Leg measurements: I 9.05 (2.34, 0.32, 2.75, 2.60, 1.04), II 6.82 (1.92, 0.25, 2.05, 1.75, 0.85), III 5.35 (1.50, 0.25, 1.47, 1.38, 0.75), IV 8.13 (2.32, 0.25, 2.34, 2.19, 1.03). Similar to male in coloration and general features (Figs 7E–F). Genital area modified. External genitalic area with a pair of translucent apophyses laterally (Fig. 7B). Internal genitalia with a pair of short, transparent copulatory ducts and spermathecae (Fig. 7A). Variation. Males: carapace length: 0.80, 1.02, width: 0.92, 0.98, tibia I 3.12, 3.39; Females: carapace length: 0.76, 0.84, width: 0.88, 0.90, tibia I 2.34 (leg I lost in other specimens). Natural history. Collected in broad leaved forest leaf litter near a lake, at an altitude of 2099 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9).

Leclercera nagarjunensis Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 1���2, 8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34327), Nepal, Magmati District, Kathmandu, Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nagarjun Mountain, 27��48���29���N, 85��20���18���E, altitude 1887 m, 19 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratypes: 1 male and 2 females, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34328���34330). Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis. The species resembles Leclercera machadoi (Brignoli, 1973) in having the retrolateral apophysis on the incrassate palpal tibia in males and one pair of spermathecae in females, but can be distinguished by three slightly curved spines on the retrolateral apophysis of the tibia (Figs 1B���D), compared with two spines in L. machadoi, and by the oval spermathecae (Fig. 2A), compared with the irregularly oval spermathecae in L. machadoi. Furthermore, this species is easily recognized from all other known species by the ensiform embolus in males (Fig. 1A) and a triangular apophysis medially on the external genitalic area in females (Figs 2B, F). Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length: 3.67; carapace length: 0.88, width: 0.95; abdomen length: 2.44, width: 0.88. Legs brown; measurements: I 15.72 (4.49, 0.41, 4.62, 4.48, 1.72), II 11.11 (3.21, 0.35, 3.22, 3.08, 1.25), III 7.21 (2.05, 0.31, 2.03, 1.94, 0.88), IV 11.24 (3.46, 0.37, 3.21, 2.95, 1.25). Carapace round, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands (Fig. 2C). Anterior margin of thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and two teeth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8A), the posterior surface of fang with 28 small denticles. Fovea shallow with dark streaks radiating slightly. Labium brown. Sternum brown. Abdomen slender and elliptic with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 1A���D): femur slender; tibia with retrolateral apophysis bearing three slightly curved spines, one ventral spine and 2 strong dorsal hairs; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 1A); conductor arising distally from bulb, trapezoidal; embolus arising distally from bulb, flattened and straight; embolus and conductor slightly separated (the distance is less than semidiameter of bulb). Female: Measurements: total length: 3.04; carapace length: 0.96, width: 0.98; abdomen length: 2.25, width: 1.08. Leg measurements: I 15.03 (4.17, 0.36, 4.29, 4.40, 1.81), II 10.28 (2.92, 0.39, 3.08, 2.64, 1.25), III 7.19 (2.05, 0.30, 2.05, 1.88, 0.91), IV 11.04 (3.30, 0.30, 3.15, 3.04, 1.25). Similar to male in coloration and general features (Figs 2D���F) but smaller. Abdomen globular (Fig. 2D). External genitalic area somewhat swollen, covered with hairs medially. Internal genitalia as in diagnosis (Fig. 2A). Variation. Male: carapace length: 0.88, 1.03, width: 0.95, 1.06, tibia I 4.49, 5.45; Female: carapace length: 0.95, 0.96, width: 0.94, 0.98, tibia I 3.30, 4.17. Natural history. Collected in leaf litter under roots of big trees at an altitude of 1887 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9)., Published as part of Xu, Mingjie, Li, Fengyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Four new species of the spider genus Leclercera Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Nepal, pp. 558-572 in Zootaxa 4461 (4) on page 560, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1460302, {"references":["Brignoli, P. M. (1973) Spinnen aus Nepal, II. Zur Morphologie der Gattung Althepus Thorell, nebst Beschreibung zweier neuer Arten (Arachnida: Araneae: Ochyroceratidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 54, 157 - 164."]}

Leclercera niuqu Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 3, 8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34331), Nepal, Mechi District, Bauwa, Bhanjyang, 27��04���03���N, 87��47���19���E, altitude 2659 m, 26 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratype: 1 male, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34332). Etymology. The species name comes from Chinese pinyin ��� niuqu ��� which means ���irregular���, referring to the wave-shaped conductor of bulb; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Males of this new species resemble those of L. zhaoi Li et Li sp. nov. in having a conductor bifid with different sizes and a retrolateral tibial apophysis on the palp, but can be distinguished by the narrow, waveshaped distal part of the larger one (Fig. 3A) and the shorter retrolateral apophysis on the tibia (Fig. 3C). Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length 3.46; carapace length: 0.95, width: 1.05; abdomen length: 2.23, width: 1.15. Legs brown; measurements: I 11.39 (3.16, 0.47, 3.40, 2.96, 1.40), II 8.89 (2.81, 0.36, 2.72, 2.19, 0.81), III 6.75 (2.00, 0.31, 1.94, 1.72, 0.78), IV 9.62 (2.60, 0.36, 2.90, 2.48, 1.28). Carapace round, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands. Anterior margin of thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and one tooth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8D), the posterior surface of fang with 26 small denticles. Labium brown. Sternum yellow. Abdomen dark and elongate with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 3A���D): femur slender; tibia with one slightly curved spine and one apophysis bearing a spine retrolaterally; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 3A); conductor arising distally from bulb, divided into two unequal parts, one sharp and the other distinctly wave-shaped; embolus arising distally from bulb, oblique, slightly sigmoid. Embolus and conductor slightly separated (the distance is less than semidiameter of bulb). Female: Unknown. Variation. Males: carapace length: 0.92, 0.95, width: 1.20, 2.23, tibia I 3.16, 3.33. Natural History. Collected in leaf litter of fragmented montane forest (mixed with tea garden) at an altitude of 2659 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9)., Published as part of Xu, Mingjie, Li, Fengyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Four new species of the spider genus Leclercera Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Nepal, pp. 558-572 in Zootaxa 4461 (4) on pages 560-561, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1460302

Leclercera sidai Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 4���5, 8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34333), Nepal, Mechi District, Mai Khola, 26��53���00���N, 87��55���41���E, altitude 470 m, 24 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratype: 1 female, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34334). Etymology. The specific name is from the Chinese pinyin for ribbon (Si Dai), in reference to the shape of conductor; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. This species is easily recognized from all other known species by the slender, upright conductor and embolus (Fig. 4A), and by the retrolateral apophysis on palpal tibia in males (Figs 4B���D). Females of this new species are similar to those of L. mulcatus comb. n. in having one spermathecae on arched, tubiform stalks on each side (Fig. 5A), but can be distinguished by a flattened base of the spermathecae, compared with a bulging base in L. mulcatus. Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length: 4.75; carapace length: 1.02, width: 1.05; abdomen length: 3.44, width: 0.92. Legs brown; measurements: II and IV missing, I 19.2 (5.64, 0.36, 5.51, 6.09, 1.60), III 8.55 (2.56, 0.25, 2.44, 2.34, 0.96). Carapace sub-circular, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands (Fig. 5C). Anterior margin of the thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and one tooth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8B), the posterior surface of fang with 22 small denticles. Fovea shallow. Labium brown. Sternum brown. Abdomen slender with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 4A���D): femur slender; tibia with apophysis retrolaterally; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 4A); conductor arising distally from bulb, slender, sigmoid, with swollen area basally; embolus arising distally from bulb, long, sigmoid. Embolus and conductor slightly separated (the distance is less than semidiameter of bulb). Female: Measurements: total length: 2.56; carapace length: 0.85, width: 0.89; abdomen length: 1.58, width: 0.70. Leg measurements: IV missing, I 13.49 (3.59, 0.32, 3.91, 4.17, 1.50), II 9.59 (2.56, 0.28, 2.84, 2.76, 1.15), III 6.62 (1.78, 0.26, 1.88, 1.82, 0.88). Similar to male in coloration and general features (Figs 5E���F), but smaller. Abdomen globular (Figs 5E���F). External genital area simple. Internal genitalia with one pair of spermathecae on long and transparent stalks (Fig. 5A). Natural History. Collected in leaf litter of broad leaved forest, with very high local humidity, at an altitude of 470 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9)., Published as part of Xu, Mingjie, Li, Fengyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Four new species of the spider genus Leclercera Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Nepal, pp. 558-572 in Zootaxa 4461 (4) on page 561, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1460302

Leclercera nagarjunensis Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 1–2, 8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34327), Nepal, Magmati District, Kathmandu, Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nagarjun Mountain, 27°48’29”N, 85°20’18”E, altitude 1887 m, 19 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratypes: 1 male and 2 females, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34328–34330). Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis. The species resembles Leclercera machadoi (Brignoli, 1973) in having the retrolateral apophysis on the incrassate palpal tibia in males and one pair of spermathecae in females, but can be distinguished by three slightly curved spines on the retrolateral apophysis of the tibia (Figs 1B–D), compared with two spines in L. machadoi, and by the oval spermathecae (Fig. 2A), compared with the irregularly oval spermathecae in L. machadoi. Furthermore, this species is easily recognized from all other known species by the ensiform embolus in males (Fig. 1A) and a triangular apophysis medially on the external genitalic area in females (Figs 2B, F). Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length: 3.67; carapace length: 0.88, width: 0.95; abdomen length: 2.44, width: 0.88. Legs brown; measurements: I 15.72 (4.49, 0.41, 4.62, 4.48, 1.72), II 11.11 (3.21, 0.35, 3.22, 3.08, 1.25), III 7.21 (2.05, 0.31, 2.03, 1.94, 0.88), IV 11.24 (3.46, 0.37, 3.21, 2.95, 1.25). Carapace round, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands (Fig. 2C). Anterior margin of thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and two teeth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8A), the posterior surface of fang with 28 small denticles. Fovea shallow with dark streaks radiating slightly. Labium brown. Sternum brown. Abdomen slender and elliptic with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 1A–D): femur slender; tibia with retrolateral apophysis bearing three slightly curved spines, one ventral spine and 2 strong dorsal hairs; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 1A); conductor arising distally from bulb, trapezoidal; embolus arising distally from bulb, flattened and straight; embolus and conductor slightly separated (the distance is less than semidiameter of bulb). Female: Measurements: total length: 3.04; carapace length: 0.96, width: 0.98; abdomen length: 2.25, width: 1.08. Leg measurements: I 15.03 (4.17, 0.36, 4.29, 4.40, 1.81), II 10.28 (2.92, 0.39, 3.08, 2.64, 1.25), III 7.19 (2.05, 0.30, 2.05, 1.88, 0.91), IV 11.04 (3.30, 0.30, 3.15, 3.04, 1.25). Similar to male in coloration and general features (Figs 2D–F) but smaller. Abdomen globular (Fig. 2D). External genitalic area somewhat swollen, covered with hairs medially. Internal genitalia as in diagnosis (Fig. 2A). Variation. Male: carapace length: 0.88, 1.03, width: 0.95, 1.06, tibia I 4.49, 5.45; Female: carapace length: 0.95, 0.96, width: 0.94, 0.98, tibia I 3.30, 4.17. Natural history. Collected in leaf litter under roots of big trees at an altitude of 1887 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9).

Leclercera zhaoi Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 6���8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34335), Nepal, Mechi District, Mai Pokhari, 27��00���40���N, 87��55���57���E, altitude 2099 m, 25 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratypes: 2 females and 2 males, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34336���34339). Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Dr Qingyuan Zhao who collected the types; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. Males of this new species are similar to those of L. niuqu Li et Li sp. nov. in having the conductor with two divisions of different sizes, but can be distinguished by the broad, bent distal part of the larger one (Fig. 6A) and the longer retrolateral tibial apophysis on the palp (Fig. 6C). Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length 3.46; carapace length: 0.80, width: 0.92; abdomen length: 2.28, width: 0.91. Legs brown; measurements: I 12.04 (3.39, 0.35, 3.53, 3.52, 1.25), II 8.89 (2.56, 0.32, 2.69, 2.38, 0.94), III 6.42 (1.84, 0.31, 1.90, 1.62, 0.75), IV 9.88 (2.89, 0.32, 2.88, 2.66, 1.13). Carapace subcircular, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands (Fig. 7C). Anterior margin of thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and one tooth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8C), the posterior surface of fang with 25 small denticles. Labium brown. Sternum brown. Abdomen slender with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 6A���D): femur slender with three long spines retrolaterally; tibia with two slightly curved spines and one retrolateral apophysis bearing a short spine distally, and a clump of bristles basally; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 6A); conductor arising distally from bulb, divided into two unequal parts, one sharp and the other broad; embolus arising distally from bulb, oblique, sigmoid. Embolus and conductor slightly separated (Fig. 6D). Female: Measurements: total length 2.68; carapace length: 0.84, width: 0.88; abdomen length: 1.82, width: 0.97. Leg measurements: I 9.05 (2.34, 0.32, 2.75, 2.60, 1.04), II 6.82 (1.92, 0.25, 2.05, 1.75, 0.85), III 5.35 (1.50, 0.25, 1.47, 1.38, 0.75), IV 8.13 (2.32, 0.25, 2.34, 2.19, 1.03). Similar to male in coloration and general features (Figs 7E���F). Genital area modified. External genitalic area with a pair of translucent apophyses laterally (Fig. 7B). Internal genitalia with a pair of short, transparent copulatory ducts and spermathecae (Fig. 7A). Variation. Males: carapace length: 0.80, 1.02, width: 0.92, 0.98, tibia I 3.12, 3.39; Females: carapace length: 0.76, 0.84, width: 0.88, 0.90, tibia I 2.34 (leg I lost in other specimens). Natural history. Collected in broad leaved forest leaf litter near a lake, at an altitude of 2099 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9)., Published as part of Xu, Mingjie, Li, Fengyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Four new species of the spider genus Leclercera Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Nepal, pp. 558-572 in Zootaxa 4461 (4) on pages 561-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1460302

Leclercera mulcatus (Brignoli, 1973) comb. n. Althepus mulcatus Brignoli 1973: 160, figs 7–9. Psiloderces mulcatus Deeleman-Reinhold 1995: 28. Comments. Two species of the spider family Ochyroceratidae were known from Nepal before the current study: Leclercera machadoi and Psiloderces mulcatus (Brignoli, 1973). The latter species is only known by the female. The epigyne structures, the retromargin of chelicerae, the rounded maxillae and the longer labium of Psiloderces mulcatus (Brignoli, 1973) fits the diagnosis of the genus Leclercera. Therefore, we formally transfer Psiloderces mulcatus to the genus Leclercera.

Genus Leclercera Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 Type species: Leclercera khaoyai Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995. Diagnosis. The genus can be distinguished from other Psilodercinae genera by the combination of following characters: 1) fovea short or a simple depression (deep depression in Althepus Thorell, 1898); 2) maxillae mesodistally rounded; 3) cheliceral retromargin with 2 teeth or denticles (toothless in Merzocera Fage, 1912 and Psiloderces Simon, 1892); 4) male palpal tibia or tarsus with retrolateral apophysis; 5) cymbium lacking lateral apophysis and lanceolate apophysis (Deeleman-Reinhold 1995; Liu et al. 2017)., Published as part of Xu, Mingjie, Li, Fengyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Four new species of the spider genus Leclercera Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Nepal, pp. 558-572 in Zootaxa 4461 (4) on page 559, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1460302, {"references":["Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (1995) The Ochyroceratidae of the Indo-Pacific region (Araneae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 2 (Supplement), 1 - 103.","Fage, L. (1912) Etudes sur les araignees cavernicoles. I. Revision des Ochyroceratidae (n. fam.). Biospelogica, XXV. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 5 (10), 97 - 162.","Liu, C., Li, F., Li, S. & Zheng, G. (2017) Five new genera of the family Ochyroceratidae (Arachnida Araneae) from Southeast Asia. Zoological Systematics, 42 (4), 395 - 417."]}

Leclercera sidai Li et Li sp. nov. Figs 4–5, 8 Material examined. Holotype: Male (IZCAS-Ar 34333), Nepal, Mechi District, Mai Khola, 26°53’00”N, 87°55’41”E, altitude 470 m, 24 November 2016, Q. Y. Zhao leg. Paratype: 1 female, same data as holotype (IZCAS-Ar 34334). Etymology. The specific name is from the Chinese pinyin for ribbon (Si Dai), in reference to the shape of conductor; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. This species is easily recognized from all other known species by the slender, upright conductor and embolus (Fig. 4A), and by the retrolateral apophysis on palpal tibia in males (Figs 4B–D). Females of this new species are similar to those of L. mulcatus comb. n. in having one spermathecae on arched, tubiform stalks on each side (Fig. 5A), but can be distinguished by a flattened base of the spermathecae, compared with a bulging base in L. mulcatus. Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length: 4.75; carapace length: 1.02, width: 1.05; abdomen length: 3.44, width: 0.92. Legs brown; measurements: II and IV missing, I 19.2 (5.64, 0.36, 5.51, 6.09, 1.60), III 8.55 (2.56, 0.25, 2.44, 2.34, 0.96). Carapace sub-circular, yellow, with one broad middle band and two narrow marginal bands (Fig. 5C). Anterior margin of the thoracic region distinctly elevated. Six eyes. Chelicerae brown. Cheliceral promargin with lamina and one tooth, retromargin with two small teeth (Fig. 8B), the posterior surface of fang with 22 small denticles. Fovea shallow. Labium brown. Sternum brown. Abdomen slender with complex patterns dorsally. Palp (Figs 4A–D): femur slender; tibia with apophysis retrolaterally; bulb pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 4A); conductor arising distally from bulb, slender, sigmoid, with swollen area basally; embolus arising distally from bulb, long, sigmoid. Embolus and conductor slightly separated (the distance is less than semidiameter of bulb). Female: Measurements: total length: 2.56; carapace length: 0.85, width: 0.89; abdomen length: 1.58, width: 0.70. Leg measurements: IV missing, I 13.49 (3.59, 0.32, 3.91, 4.17, 1.50), II 9.59 (2.56, 0.28, 2.84, 2.76, 1.15), III 6.62 (1.78, 0.26, 1.88, 1.82, 0.88). Similar to male in coloration and general features (Figs 5E–F), but smaller. Abdomen globular (Figs 5E–F). External genital area simple. Internal genitalia with one pair of spermathecae on long and transparent stalks (Fig. 5A). Natural History. Collected in leaf litter of broad leaved forest, with very high local humidity, at an altitude of 470 m. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 9).