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Heart palpitations are the sensations or feelings that accompany an excessively rapid, skip-beat, or fluttering heartbeat. Heart palpitations can be brought on by a variety of factors, such as anxiety, tension, fear, caffeine, nicotine, some medications, dietpills, physical activity, and fever. Herbal remedies have long been utilized widely in the therapeutic management of palpitations because available synthetic medications have substantial negative effects. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of the Unani medication Jawarish-e-Shahi in patients experiencing palpitations. The information provided here is an open-level, multicentric clinical study that was carried out at the "Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine in Aligarh", Uttar Pradesh, from 2016 to 2019 on 74 cases of palpitation streated with Jawarish-e-Shahi. A p-value of<0.05 was proved to be significant in the statistical analysis of the presented data, which was conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett's test. The study's findings, which were compared to baseline data from various follow-ups of palpitation cases treated with Jawarish-e-Shahi, demonstrated a notable improvement in a number of palpitation symptoms, including anxiety, perspiration, nausea, vomiting, and chest heaviness. A significant decline in diastolic pressure and pulse rate had also been observed. Reduction in number of pallor (pale appearance of patients) in baseline, 1st follow-up and post-treatment had been noted. Based on the investigation, the Unani medicine is safe and non-toxic. More research on a large size of population with palpitations is suggested for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global health menace with significant morbidity and mortality besides huge socioeconomic implications. Despite the approval of few vaccines for the prevention of the disease, the discovery of safe and effective countermeasures especially from natural sources is of paramount importance, as the number of cases continues escalating. Arq Ajīb has long been used for various diseases and its ingredients have been reported for antiviral, antimicrobial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities. The present study investigates the inhibitory effect of phytocompound of Arq Ajīb on potential drug targets of SARS-CoV-2. The structures of phytocompounds present in Arq Ajīb were retrieved from PubChem database and some were illustrated using Marvin Sketch. SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6LZG) and 3CLpro (PDB ID: 7BQY) were selected as the target protein. Dock Prep module in UCSF Chimera software was used for receptor structure processing. AutoDock Vina was used to calculate the binding affinities between the protein and ligands and to predict most promising compounds with best scores. Molecular docking results predicted that the phytocompounds of Arq Ajīb had good binding affinity and interaction with S glycoprotein and 3CLpro. Quercetin and Isorhoifolin from Mentha arvensis were identified as promising candidates with the potential to interact with 3CLpro and spike glycoprotein and inhibit the viral replication and its entry into the host. Arq Ajīb may prove valuable for developing novel therapeutic candidate for COVID-19; however, it has to be substantiated further with in-vitro and in-vivo studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Regardless of amazing advancements in contemporary science & technology, it is not possible to provide everyone access to high-quality healthcare. Traditional medicine, in particular Ayurveda and Unani medicine, is regarded as a major global provider of healthcare. This manuscript is aimed to provide the promulgation of Unani Medicine in contemporary healthcare system. Methods: A in-depth literature analysis was successfully carried out from year 2006 to 2021 to collate the information on the advancement, growth and development of the Unani System of Medicine (USM). The search strategy was performed with recent surveys, articles and the numerous initiatives undertaken by the Ministry of AYUSH, Centre council in research in unani medicine (CCRUM) & other institutions on Unani education and research. Additionally, the updated market analysis (2020-2022) comprises import, export and trade data on Unani medicines is also described. From what we know, this review is the first of a kind to describe the domestic and global perspective of Unani medicine with and its global development. Results: The multi-disciplinary, multi-centric research initiatives of the Ministry of AYUSH have resulted in an increase in medical facilities and education in the Unani System of Medicine. With 1748 Unani dispensaries and 3947 beds in Unani hospitals, the number of these facilities has grown at a 2.4% annual pace between 2011 and 2021. Conclusion: There is tremendous growth in Unani as well as in herbal industry. Unani Medicines have shown their potential and need for better drugs and remedies against various diseases. The knowledge on import and export and the information on research and education enable to work more in this domain. These initiatives favour the World Health Organisation advocating Unani medicine as a better alternative system against various diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem globally, despite incredible advancements in healthcare system. In Unani system of medicine, Qurs Tabasheer Sarthani (QTS) and Arq Hara Bhara (AHB) have been traditionally used for tuberculosis like conditions. The study was aimed to investigate the effects of co-administration of QTS and AHB with category I first line antitubercular drugs (CAT-I) on the indices of liver and kidney function in rats. QTS and AHB were prepared individually and mixed to achieve final compound Unani pharmacopoeia formulation (UPF). The human equivalent doses for rats were calculated and administered with and without CAT-I. The effects of the formulations on serum indices of kidney and liver function, hematological markers and plasma CAT-I drug levels were estimated at 14th, 60th & 180th days of treatment. The administration of UPF, CAT-I and UPF + CAT-I altered the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and haematological markers. These alterations were within permissible range and randomly distributed among groups during various time points. Administration of CAT-I alone resulted in moderate histopathological changes which were completely abrogated in CAT-I + UPF co-administered animals. The co-administration of UPF with CAT-I improved the plasma peak rifampicin (RIF) levels, without altering the liver and kidney functions. The co-administration of UPF with ATT improved liver and kidney functions and increased the plasma levels of RIF. These beneficial findings provide a scope to evaluate the pharmacokinetic studies in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergence of antimicrobial resistance, with practically all newly developed and even more potent antibiotics like carbapenem and colistin, has become a matter of great public health concern. A number of common diseases of public health importance are becoming harder and sometimes impossible to treat due to increased resistance of pathogens. These alarming threats seek prime attention of scientific community to develop newer antibiotics with long-lasting efficacy, least side effects, and low economic burden. Unani classical texts have enormous citations on different infectious diseases. Many single drugs and compound formulations are in vogue since ages for the treatment of infectious diseases. Use of Afaviya (spices), Mufarrehat (exhilarants), Tiryaqi Advia (drugs with antidote properties) and Sirka (vinegar) is highly advocated in treating various infectious diseases. Though, enormous research activities have been undertaken worldwide to explore and develop newer antibiotics from natural resources, indicating massive magnitude of natural products in treating various infectious diseases, however, the higher plants, still largely seems to be unexplored. Moreover, elaborated and well controlled clinical studies are still lacking to authenticate their clinical significance. Hence, a rigorous, well-designed & well-structured research is highly paramount to ascertain the provision of newer, relatively safe and cost effective natural antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 was originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has been declared a pandemic disease by WHO. The number of infected cases continues unabated and so far, no specific drug approved for targeted therapy. Hence, there is a need for drug discovery from traditional medicine. Tiryaq-e-Wabai is a well-documented formulation in Unani medicine for its wide use as prophylaxis during epidemics of cholera, plague and other earlier epidemic diseases. The objective of the current study is to generate in-silico evidence and evaluate the potency of Tiryaq-e-Wabai against SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein and main protease (3CLpro). The structures of all phytocompounds used in this study were retrieved from PubChem database and some were built using Marvin Sketch. The protein structure of the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein and 3CLpro was retrieved from the PDB ID: 6LZG and 7BQY respectively. AutoDock Vina was used to predict top ranking poses with best scores. The results of the molecular docking showed that phytocompounds of Tiryaq-e-Wabai exhibited good docking power with spike glycoprotein and 3CLpro. Among tested compounds Crocin from Zafran and Aloin A from Sibr showed strong binding to spike glycoprotein and 3CLpro respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the stability of the S glycoprotein- Crocin and 3CLpro-Aloin A complexes. The Unani formulation Tiryaq-e-Wabai has great potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2, which have to be substantiated with further in-vitro and in-vivo studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evolvulus alsinoides L. (Sankhaholi) has been traditionally used in Unani (Greco-Arabic) medicine to treat diverse cardiovascular disorders. Notably, preclinical and clinical investigations have substantiated its remarkable potential as an antihypertensive agent. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. and ramipril in treating hypertension using a higher dose of the test drug within the recommended limit. In this open-label randomized controlled trial, 57 participants (29 in the test group, 28 in the control group) completed the 42-day study. The test group received 630 mg of dried hydro-alcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. in capsule form orally once daily, while the control group received 5 mg of Ramipril orally once daily. Participants in both groups were advised to adhere to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan in terms of diet and lifestyle adjustments recommended by JNC-8. The primary outcome measures were changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as changes in plasma levels of hsCRP and IL6. Secondary outcome measures included changes in symptoms such as palpitations, giddiness, headaches, fatigue and shortness of breath. Headaches, palpitations, and giddiness were assessed using a customized Visual Analog Scale (VAS) graded as "none," "mild," "moderate," and "severe". Fatigue was assessed on a binary scale as either absent or present, and dyspnea was assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale for breathlessness. Both primary and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline and each follow-up visit (2nd week, 4th week, and 6th week) until the completion of the trial. At the end of the trial, the mean differences for the primary outcomes were as follows:SBP: − 1.88 95 % C I : − 4.82 , 1.05 , p = 0.203 , d = 0.33 , DBP: − 2.83 95 % C I : − 4.67 , − 0.10 , p = 0.003 , d = 0.8 , hsCRP: − 1.40 95 % C I : − 2.80 , − 0.003 , p = 0.49 , d = 0.53 , and IL6: − 88.67 95 % C I : − 148.90 , − 28.43 , p = 0.005 , d = 0.78 . No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups for any of the secondary outcomes. Based on the preliminary results, it can be inferred that the hydro-alcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. exhibits significant antihypertensive potential, comparable to that of ramipril. Furthermore, it appears that Evolvulus alsinoides L. may be more effective than ramipril in reducing the biochemical markers of inflammation associated with primary hypertension. However, additional research is required to validate these findings. [Display omitted] • Evolvulus alsinoides L. (Sankhaholi) is used in Unani medicine for treating various cardiovascular conditions. • The study evaluates Evolvulus alsinoides L. extract for primary hypertension, using a higher dose within recommended limits. • Test group received 630 mg of E. alsinoides extract, while control group took 5 mg of Ramipril, both once daily for 42 days. • Study concludes hydroalcoholic extract of E. alsinoides has significant antihypertensive potential, comparable to Ramipril. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hasat-ul Kilya (Nephrolithiasis) is one of the most common chronic conditions and has been known to the mankind since antiquity. The incidence is increasing globally with geographic, racial and gender variation in its occurrence. Medical management of Nephrolithiasis still poses a considerable challenge for modern medical practice. Unani drugs possessing lithotriptic activity are not only cost effective but also have least side effects. Safūf Hajar-al Yahūd has been used since long for the treatment of Hasat-ul Kilya (Nephrolithiasis) but no documentary evidence based on scientific parameters as to its safety and efficacy are available. To validate the safety and efficacy of Safūf Hajar-al Yahūd in the treatment of Hasat-ul Kilya. An open prospective clinical trial was carried out on 107 subjects of renal calculi of 3–7 mm diameter diagnosed by Ultrasonogram-KUB (USG-KUB). Subjects were evaluated by clinical history & examination, laboratory investigations followed by USG-KUB for confirmation. The safety was assessed by reporting of adverse events and by pathological and biochemical investigations. Assessment of efficacy was based on improvement observed in VAS score and expulsion/reduction of stone size as detected by USG-KUB. Substantial reduction (53%) in the size of calculi confirmed by USG-KUB and considerable lowering of VAS score (75%) were observed with the active intervention in majority of the cases The trial has revealed that the Unani pharmacopoeal formulation Safūf Hajar-al Yahūd was well tolerated and has the therapeutic potential in the reduction and expulsion of renal calculi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is arguably the biggest health crisis the world has faced in 21st century. It is an infectious disease and declared pandemic by the World Health Organization. It is a pandemic disease of modern time with unique and rapid transmission rate and affected almost all the nations without respecting any border. It's a novel infection which is caused by SARS CoV -2 with Serious Clinical manifestation i.e. Fever, Cough, Cold, Respiratory distress further may result into Death. There is no definite therapeutic drug or vaccine available for COVID-19 so far despite numerous series of experimental and clinical research. Research is in progress on therapeutic efficacy of various agents including antimalarials (Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine), antiviral drugs, and convalescent serum of recovered patients. Unani system of medicine is one of the traditional systems of medicine which is being explored for providing preventive, supportive and rehabilitative care to patients. Unani system of medicine has a detailed description of drugs that are utilized in many infectious diseases, including respiratory infections. Immune response is essential to eliminate virus and to preclude disease progression to severe stages. Therefore, strategies to boost immune response are certainly important. Therefore, it is important to summarize the evidence regarding the preventive measures, control options such as immunostimulator and prophylactic treatment in Unani medicine against Covid- 19. This review summarizes various pharmacological actions of Unani formulation Tiryaq e wabai in unani literature and various reported pharmacological activities which can possibly provide prevention, control and reduction of complications of this deadly disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hing (Family- Umbelliferae) or asafoetida is the latex obtained from living rootstocks or taproots of several species of Ferula, e.g. F. alliacea Boiss, F. rubricaulis Boiss, F. assafoetida Linn and F. narthex Boiss found in central Asia. Asafoetida occurs in three forms, viz Tears, Mass and Paste. Hing has shown diverse biological and pharmacological activities. It has been used in Unani Medicine (Tibb-e-Unani) and other Traditional Systems of Medicine from time immemorial and it is described as diuretic, anti-diabetic, emmenagogue etc. The present review highlights the botanical description, traditional uses, pharmacognositcal features, pharmacological properties and pharmacological studies conducted on this Medicinal plant used in Unani system of medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unani System of medicine is one among the oldest systems of medicine that prevails till date with its efficient drugs derived from animal, plant and mineral resources. Over 2400 years ago the father of medicine, Hippocrates practiced it, however His medicine included a great deal of ancient Egyptian Medicine as well as important components of the ancient Mesopotamian traditions. This system of medicine has a detailed description of drugs that are utilized in many infectious diseases like influenza, pneumonia and other respiratory disorders. Unani scholars have prescribed several single drugs as well as compound formulations for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in general. Tiryaq e Arba is one such formulation, which is known to improve host immunity anytime or during the outbreak of epidemics, endemics and pandemics. Through this paper, an attempt has been made to present Unani concept of infectious and epidemic diseases and details of Tiryaq e Arba with a possible approach to manage Covid-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arthritis is described in Unani system of Medicine under a broad term Waja'al-Mafāsil which covers entire joint disorders like inflammatory, non-inflammatory, infectious, metabolic and other musculoskeletal disorders. According to Unani concept, the pathological changes in the joints are caused mainly by derangement of humoural (Akhlat) temperament and accumulation of Fasid madda (Morbid material) in the joint spaces. The main principles of treatment in Unani system of Medicine include Ilaj bi'l Ghidha (Dieto-therapy), Ilaj bi'l Tadbir (Regimenal therapy) and Ilaj bi'l Dawa (Pharmacotherapy). All the said principles are recommended for the treatment of Waja'al-Mafāsil. The aim of treatment for patient with Waja'al-Mafāsil is to reduce morbidity and disability. In India it affects 15% (180 million) people. Ancient Unani scholars have elaborately described Waja'al-Mafāsil and managed with multidimensional approach, whereas with the present day management of disease mainly with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which have large number of adverse effects. This review article highlight the salient features describing arthritis with reference to Waja'al-Mafāsil for empathizing disease condition as enunciated by Unani scholars to provide a better alternative in terms of cost effective managements and side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unani System of medicine is one among the oldest systems that prevails till date with its efficient drugs derived from animal, plant and mineral resources. Over 2400 years ago the father of medicine, Hippocrates practiced it, however His medicine included a great deal of ancient Egyptian medicine as well as important components of the ancient Mesopotamian traditions. In Unani system of medicine, arthritis is described under a broad term Waja-ul-Mafasil which encompasses entire joint disorders like inflammatory, non-inflammatory, infectious, metabolic and other musculoskeletal disorders. A large number of drugs, single and compound formulations, have been mentioned in the context of the treatment of Waja-ul-Mafasil. Among them, Majoon Suranjan is one of the most reputed poly pharmaceutical preparations of Unani system of Medicine used in Waja-ul-Mafasil. It is attributed to Indrumakhas of Greece (Andromachos, the elder, court physician to King Nero) who formulated it in consultation with several other philosophers of his time. This Unani compound formulation contains twenty one ingredients, which is used as digestive, purgative, anti inflammatory, stomachic, deobstruent, antiarthritic, nervine tonic. It is also indicated for use in phlegmatic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 has affected the whole world drastically and led to a substantial loss of human life. Relentless research is underway to identify effective treatment to control the disease. Traditional systems are also being explored to search for a potent drug. Unani formulation ' Tiryāq-i-Wabāī' has long been used in cholera, plague and other epidemic diseases. This review is aimed at analysing the possible role of Tiryāq-i-Wabāī in the prevention and control of COVID-19. Unani classical texts and Pharmacopoeias available in the library of Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Chennai were reviewed to collect information related to epidemics, commonly prescribed drugs during epidemics, and therapeutic uses of Tiryāq-i-Wabāī ingredients. ScienceDirect, Springer, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched to collect information regarding current pandemic and pharmacological activities of ingredients and phytoconstituents present in the formulation. The collected data was analyzed and interpreted. Tiryāq-i-Wabāī was found to be the most recommended prophylactic and curative drug during epidemics. The formulation ingredients, Sibr (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.), Murr Makki (Commiphora myrrha (T.Nees) Engl.) and Zāfrān (Crocus sativus L.) are categorized under Tiryāqi Advia (literally – antidote drugs) and are considered to be very effective in SARS related conditions. These ingredients have been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, antitussive, smooth muscle relaxant, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities corroborating the traditional use of Tiryāq-i-Wabāī. Scientific data imply great potential and utility of the formulation which could be a possible alternative approach for the prevention and control of current and future pandemics. • COVID-19 has become a global health menace with catastrophic social and economic consequences. • Intensive researches are underway to develop decisive treatment to control the diseases. • Unani medicine may play a major role in protecting, reducing disease burden and improving overall well-being of humanity. • Tiryāq-i-Wabāī has been widely used as prophylactic and curative drug during cholera, plague and other epidemic diseases. • Tiryāq-i-Wabāī may prove beneficial in augmenting immune resilience and protecting individuals from infection during pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today the world is witnessing a rise in incidence of diseases and the demand for affordable health care has increased manifold. An effective and robust public health system is the need of the hour to improve the health and wellbeing of people across the globe. Unani Medicine is a holistic system of medicine, which offers indigenous and effective therapies, which are already helping millions of people across the globe in living a healthy life. Unani medicine gained momentum as an effective alternative to conventional medicine due to its systematic approach towards diagnosis and treatment of diseases, effective management of lifestyle disorders and primary focus on prevention of ailments. This system of medicine, which has its origin from Greece, today has a presence in many parts of the globe. Besides India, it is practiced in several countries like Bangladesh, South Africa, Pakistan, Iran, United Arab Emirates and Sri Lanka etc. The Government of India facilitated the growth and development of Unani medicine by recognizing its utility and scope and integrated it into healthcare delivery system. With its wide network of quality educational institutions, comprehensive healthcare facilities, state of the art research institutions and quality drug manufacturing industries and on account of its utilization by a large number of people for their healthcare needs, India has emerged as the global leader in Unani medicine. Concerted efforts are being made to carry out high quality, evidence based research and to make the system more accessible and affordable. Unani medicine can contribute a wealth of knowledge and experience for the benefit of human kind and has the potential to be one of the major contributors in health care delivery in other parts of the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The therapeutic approach to medicine has witnessed a shift during the last few decades and herbal drugs are now in great demand globally. Valuable research is being carried out to evaluate the safety and efficacy of herbal drugs, in search of a holistic cure for various ailments. Liver diseases, for instance, are a serious health issue. Available therapeutic options lead to noxious effects and hepatotoxicity. Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats., commonly known as Izkhar , is a well-known drug in Unani medicine for the management of liver ailments. The review's core aim is to propose the traditional usage of Izkhar for liver disorders, as reported in ancient Unani medicine literature, as well as its scientific confirmation in light of recent studies. Critical assessment was carried out on the manuscripts of Unani medicine, like Al Qanoon Fit Tib , Khazain al-Advia, Makhzan al-Advia, Kitab al-Hawi, Muheete Azam, Al-Jami li Mufradat al-Advia wa'l Aghziya , etc. Pharmacological activities of C. martinii related to hepatic disorders were also cited from various research articles and databases, such as Science-Direct, Wiley Online Library and PubMed. The promising benefits of Izkhar were identified in respect to liver diseases. Monoterpenes, essential oils, flavonoids, phenolic acids and other chemical components were discovered during phytochemical analysis. On the basis of scientific studies, it may be concluded that C. martinii has great potential as a safe and effective drug for liver ailments. The identification of several phytoconstituents also substantiates the evidence. [Display omitted] • Liver diseases are a serious health issue and existing therapeutic options are often toxic in nature. • Challenge: Find a solution to manage hepatic disorders with effective and minimal side effects drug. • Solution: Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats., commonly known as Izkhar in Unani medicine is a promising drug successfully used by Unani physicians for liver ailments and possess many active biomolecules proved by scientific researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of the Study: The aim of the following study is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a compound Unani formulation in hyperlipidemia on clinical and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients with total cholesterol level of 220 mg/dl and above were included. In Group 'A' thirty patients with total cholesterol 243.5 ± 5.294 mg/dl received Unani formulation safoof-e-muhazzil (SM) in its classical powder form 5 g twice daily orally, in Group 'B' thirty patients with total cholesterol 234 ± 3.822 mg/dl received the SM but in compressed tablet form in the same dosage and in Group 'C' 30 patients with total cholesterol 242.7 ± 5.563 mg/dl received atorvastatin 10 mg as a standard control. Follow-up was carried out on second, fourth and 6th week and patients were evaluated on clinical as well as biochemical parameters. Results: Group A before treatment had mean total cholesterol of 243.5 ± 5.294 mg/dl which decreased significantly after treatment to 225.6 ± 5.953 mg/dl (P < 0.001) with a percentage change of 7.35%. Group B had mean total cholesterol of 234 ± 3.822 mg/dl which was significantly reduced to 212.67 ± 3.94 mg/dl (P < 0.001) post-treatment with a percentage change of 9.11%. Control Group C having mean total cholesterol of 242.7 ± 5.563 mg/dl before treatment was significantly decreased to 178.73 ± 4.669 mg/dl (P < 0.001) post-treatment with a percentage change of 26.3%. Group A had significant relief 20.72% (P < 0.001) in fatigue, 16.09% (P > 0.5) relief in palpitation and 26.17% (P < 0.001) relief in dyspnea post-treatment. Group B fatigue decreased significantly by 18.14% (P < 0.01), palpitation by 22.91% (P < 0.01) and dyspnea by 20.46% (P < 0.01). In Group C a non-significant increase of 2.2% was observed in fatigue post-treatment, palpitation decreased by 10.22% non-significantly and dyspnea decreased significantly by 17.64% (P < 0.001). Results indicate that the test drug safely and effectively ameliorates the clinical condition of patients with hyperlipidemia while decreasing cholesterol level as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a Unani formulation in hypertension. A total of 90 patients with total cholesterol level of more than 220 mg/dl with associated conditions were included in this study. A total of 30 patients having a mean systolic blood pressure (BP) of 133.86 mmHg comprising Group A received Unani formulation Safoof-e-Muhazzil (SM) in its classical powder form in the dose of 5 g twice a day orally. Group B comprising of 30 patients with a mean systolic BP of 133.13 mmHg received same drug, but in compressed tablet form in the same dosage, whereas, 30 patients comprising Group C with a mean systolic BP of 129.45 mmHg, received Atorvastatin 10 mg as a standard control. Patients were evaluated on each follow-up at 2nd, 4th and 6th week. The mean systolic BP in Group A and B before treatment was 133.86 ± 3.028 mmHg and 133.13 ± 2.852 mmHg, which significantly decreased to 119.33 ± 1.922 mmHg (P < 0.001) and 119 ± 1.760 mmHg (P < 0.001) respectively. In the control Group C before treatment BP was 129.45 ± 2.499 mmHg and after treatment it significantly decreased to 124.34 ± 1.794 mmHg (P < 0.01). The percentage change after treatment was 10.85%, 10.61% and 3.94% respectively in each group. Mean diastolic BP in Group A and B before treatment was 85.06 ± 2.11 mmHg and 84.56 ± 1.5 mmHg, which significantly decreased to 79.06 ± 1.56 mmHg (P < 0.001) and 79.96 ± 1.15 mmHg (P < 0.001) respectively, BP before treatment in Group C was 83.23 ± 1.588 mmHg, which was decreased to 124.34 ± 1.794 mmHg (P < 0.01). The study results indicate that the test drug was quite effective in reducing both systolic as well as diastolic BP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is an increasing global demand for traditional medicines because of their efficacy, ease of availability, and few or no side effects. The Unani medicines have long been used in India and abroad for various disorders and diseases. Arqiyat (Arq; distillate) is one of the most widely used Unani formulation prepared by simple distillation from single or combination drugs. Objective: In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to generate data for quality control and stability testing of Arq formulations of the Unani Pharmacopeia of India that includes only three Arq formulations. Method: Arq-e-Nana (AeN), Arq-e-Gazar (AeG), and Arq-e-Brinjasif (AeB) were prepared through hydrodistillation. Quality control and stability analysis were performed by using HPTLC and GC-MS. Results: Dichloromethane extract of AeB showed maximum of 10 bands at different retardation factor values; however, there are 7 bands in AeN as well as in AeG. GC-MS analysis showed presence of 10 metabolites in AeG, 8 in AeN, and 9 in AeB. Stability studies showed that the shelf life of Arq formulations would be enhanced at refrigeration (5 ± 2°C) conditions. Conclusions: The present study highlights quality control and stability analysis of Arq formulations of Unani Pharmacopeia of India using HPTLC and GC-MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]