11 results on '"Sallinen V"'
Search Results
2. Role of preoperative in-hospital delay on appendiceal perforation while awaiting appendicectomy (PERFECT): a Nordic, pragmatic, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.
- Author
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Jalava K, Sallinen V, Lampela H, Malmi H, Steinholt I, Augestad KM, Leppäniemi A, and Mentula P
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Acute Disease, Appendectomy adverse effects, Finland epidemiology, Hospitals, Appendicitis surgery
- Abstract
Background: Appendicectomy remains the standard treatment for appendicitis. No international consensus exists on the surgical urgency for acute uncomplicated appendicitis, and recommendations vary from surgery without delay to surgery within 24 h. Longer in-hospital delay has been thought to increase the risk of perforation and further morbidity. Therefore, we aimed to compare the rate of appendiceal perforation in patients undergoing appendicectomy scheduled to two different urgencies (<8 h vs <24 h)., Methods: In this pragmatic, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, parallel, randomised controlled trial in two hospitals in Finland and one in Norway, patients (aged ≥18 years) with presumed uncomplicated acute appendicitis were randomly assigned (1:1) to an appendicectomy scheduled within 8 h or within 24 h to determine whether longer in-hospital delay (time between randomisation and surgical incision) is not inferior to shorter delay. Patients were excluded in cases of pregnancy, suspicion of perforated appendicitis (C-reactive protein level of ≥100 mg/L, fever >38·5°C, signs of complicated appendicitis on imaging studies, or clinical generalised peritonitis), or other reasons requiring prompt surgery. The recruiters were on-duty surgeons who decided to proceed with the appendicectomy. The randomisation sequence was generated using block randomisation with randomly varying block sizes and stratified by hospital districts; neither physicians nor patients were masked to group assignment. The primary outcome was perforated appendicitis diagnosed during surgery analysed in all patients who received an appendicectomy by intention to treat. The absolute difference in rates of perforated appendicitis was compared between the groups. Complications and other safety outcomes were analysed in all patients who received an appendicectomy. A margin of 5 percentage points was used to establish non-inferiority. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04378868) and is closed to accrual., Findings: Between May 18, 2020, and Dec 31, 2022, 2095 patients were assessed for eligibility, of whom 1822 were randomly assigned to appendicectomy scheduled within 8 h (n=914) or 24 h (n=908). After randomisation, 19 (1%) of 1822 patients were excluded due to protocol violation. 1803 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analyses, 985 (55%) of whom were male and 818 (45%) female. Appendiceal perforation rate was similar between groups (77 [8%] of 907 patients assigned to the <8 h group and 81 [9%] of 896 patients assigned to the <24 h group; absolute risk difference 0·6% [95% CI -2·1 to 3·2], p=0·68; risk ratio 1·065, 95% CI 0·790 to 1·435). No significant difference was found between the complication rates within 30 days (66 [7%] of 907 patients in the <8 h group vs 56 [6%] of 896 patients in the <24 h group; difference -1·0% [-3·3 to 1·3]; p=0·39), and no deaths occurred during this follow-up period., Interpretation: In patients with presumed uncomplicated acute appendicitis, scheduling appendicectomy within 24 h does not increase the risk of appendiceal perforation compared with scheduling appendicectomy within 8 h. The results can be used to allocate operating room resources, for example postponing night-time appendicectomy to daytime., Funding: The Finnish Medical Foundation, Mary and Georg Ehrnrooth's Foundation, Biomedicum Helsinki Foundation, and the Finnish Government., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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3. Antibiotics versus placebo in adults with CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis (APPAC III): randomized double-blind superiority trial.
- Author
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Salminen P, Sippola S, Haijanen J, Nordström P, Rantanen T, Rautio T, Sallinen V, Löyttyniemi E, Hurme S, Tammilehto V, Laukkarinen J, Savolainen H, Meriläinen S, Leppäniemi A, and Grönroos J
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Appendectomy, Ertapenem therapeutic use, Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Appendicitis diagnostic imaging, Appendicitis drug therapy, Appendicitis surgery
- Abstract
Background: Non-operative management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis is an option, but omission of antibiotics from the regimen has not been tested., Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, superiority RCT in adults with CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis was designed to compare placebo with antibiotics (intravenous ertapenem followed by oral levofloxacin and metronidazole). The primary endpoint was treatment success (resolution resulting in discharge without appendicectomy within 10 days); secondary outcomes included pain scores, complications, hospital stay, and return to work., Results: From May 2017 to September 2020, 72 patients with a mean(s.d.) age of 37.5 (11.1) years were recruited at five hospitals. Six were excluded after randomization (5 early consent withdrawals, 1 randomization protocol violation), 35 were assigned to receive antibiotics, and 31 to receive placebo. Enrolment challenges (including hospital pharmacy resources in an acute-care surgery setting) meant that only the lowest sample size of three predefined scenarios was achieved. The 10-day treatment success rate was 87 (95 per cent c.i. 75 to 99) per cent for placebo and 97 (92 to 100) per cent for antibiotics. This clinical difference of 10 (90 per cent c.i. -0.9 to 21) per cent was not statistically different for the primary outcome (1-sided P = 0.142), and secondary outcomes were similar., Conclusion: The lack of antibiotic superiority statistically suggests that a non-inferiority trial against placebo is warranted in adults with CT-confirmed mild appendicitis. Registration number: EudraCT 2015-003634-26 (https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/eudract-web/index.faces), NCT03234296 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Society Ltd. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
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4. Role of delay and antibiotics on PERForation rate while waiting appendicECTomy (PERFECT): a protocol for a randomized non-inferiority trial.
- Author
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Jalava K, Sallinen V, Lampela H, Malmi H, Leppäniemi A, and Mentula P
- Subjects
- Adult, Appendectomy, Equivalence Trials as Topic, Humans, Length of Stay, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Appendicitis drug therapy, Appendicitis surgery
- Abstract
Background: Longer duration from symptom onset is associated with increased risk of perforation in appendicitis. In previous studies, in-hospital delay to surgery has had conflicting effects on perforation rates. Although preoperative antibiotics have been shown to reduce postoperative infections, there are no data showing that administration of antibiotics while waiting for surgery has any benefits. The aims of this study are to evaluate the role of both in-hospital delay to surgery and antibiotic treatment while waiting for surgery on the rate of appendiceal perforation., Methods: This prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled non-inferiority trial compares the in-hospital delay to surgery of less than 8 hours versus less than 24 hours in adult patients with predicted uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Additionally, participants are randomized either to receive or not to receive antibiotics while waiting for surgery. The primary study endpoint is the rate of perforated appendicitis discovered during appendicectomy. The aim is to randomize 1800 patients, that is estimated to give a power of 90 per cent (χ2) for the non-inferiority margin of 5 percentage points for both layers (urgency and preoperative antibiotic). Secondary endpoints include length of hospital stay, 30-day complications graded using Clavien-Dindo classification, preoperative pain, conversion rate, histopathological diagnosis and Sunshine Appendicitis Grading System classification., Discussion: There are no previous randomized controlled studies for either in-hospital delay or preoperative antibiotic treatment. The trial will yield new level 1 evidence.EU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT Number: 2019-002348-26; registration number: NCT04378868 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Society Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
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5. A randomised placebo-controlled double-blind multicentre trial comparing antibiotic therapy with placebo in the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: APPAC III trial study protocol.
- Author
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Sippola S, Grönroos J, Sallinen V, Rautio T, Nordström P, Rantanen T, Hurme S, Leppäniemi A, Meriläinen S, Laukkarinen J, Savolainen H, Virtanen J, and Salminen P
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Appendectomy, Double-Blind Method, Equivalence Trials as Topic, Finland, Health Care Costs, Hospitalization, Length of Stay, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Sick Leave, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Appendicitis diagnostic imaging, Appendicitis drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies show that antibiotic therapy is safe and feasible for CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Spontaneous resolution of acute appendicitis has already been observed over a hundred years ago. In CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute diverticulitis (left-sided appendicitis), studies have shown no benefit from antibiotics compared with symptomatic treatment, but this shift from antibiotics to symptomatic treatment has not yet been widely implemented in clinical practice. Recently, symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis has been demonstrated in a Korean open-label study. However, a double-blinded placebo-controlled study to illustrate the role of antibiotics and spontaneous resolution of uncomplicated acute appendicitis is still lacking., Methods and Analysis: The APPAC III (APPendicitis ACuta III) trial is a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, superiority randomised study comparing antibiotic therapy with placebo in the treatment CT scan-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis aiming to evaluate the role of antibiotics in the resolution of uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Adult patients (18-60 years) with CT scan-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis (the absence of appendicolith, abscess, perforation and tumour) will be enrolled in five Finnish university hospitals.Primary endpoint is success of the randomised treatment, defined as resolution of acute appendicitis resulting in discharge from the hospital without surgical intervention within 10 days after initiating randomised treatment (treatment efficacy). Secondary endpoints include postintervention complications, recurrent symptoms after treatment up to 1 year, late recurrence of acute appendicitis after 1 year, duration of hospital stay, sick leave, treatment costs and quality of life. A decrease of 15 percentage points in success rate is considered clinically important difference. The superiority of antibiotic treatment compared with placebo will be analysed using Fisher's one-sided test and CI will be calculated for proportion difference., Ethics and Dissemination: This protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Turku University Hospital and the Finnish Medicines Agency (FIMEA). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed academic journals., Trial Registration Number: NCT03234296; Pre-results., Competing Interests: Competing interests: PS has received lecture fees from Merck, Lilly and Orion Pharma., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2018
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6. [Laparoscopic appendectomy].
- Author
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Sallinen V and Mentula P
- Subjects
- Abscess surgery, Humans, Intestinal Perforation surgery, Peritonitis surgery, Appendectomy methods, Appendicitis surgery, Laparoscopy methods
- Abstract
Laparoscopic appendectomy has practically replaced open surgery. Appendectomy, i.e. surgical excision of the appendix, is one of the most common procedures of a specializing surgeon, and serves to help learn the basics of laparoscopy - first by following and later independently performing the operation. Properative preparation, precise diagnosis, correct surgical technique and follow-up treatment are the cornerstones of successful care. The anatomy of the patient must be considered in the placement of trocars. The appendix is usually easily found, but its position and location may vary. In the operation, the base and the artery of the appendix are ligated, and the appendix removed in a plastic bag. Also a healthy appendix should be removed, but in this case other causes of the symptoms should be searched for. Surgical excision of a perforated appendix is considerably more challenging, and peritonitis should be operated without delay. Surgery of a periappendicular abscess requires experience and should be postponed until daytime. Most patients having undergone an excision of non-perforated appendix can be discharged within 23 hours after the operation.
- Published
- 2017
7. Meta-analysis of antibiotics versus appendicectomy for non-perforated acute appendicitis.
- Author
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Sallinen V, Akl EA, You JJ, Agarwal A, Shoucair S, Vandvik PO, Agoritsas T, Heels-Ansdell D, Guyatt GH, and Tikkinen KA
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents adverse effects, Appendectomy adverse effects, Appendicitis drug therapy, Appendicitis surgery, Humans, Length of Stay, Recurrence, Sick Leave, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Appendectomy methods, Appendicitis therapy
- Abstract
Background: For more than a century, appendicectomy has been the treatment of choice for appendicitis. Recent trials have challenged this view. This study assessed the benefits and harms of antibiotic therapy compared with appendicectomy in patients with non-perforated appendicitis., Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted for randomized trials comparing antibiotic therapy with appendicectomy in patients with non-perforated appendicitis. Key outcomes were analysed using random-effects meta-analysis, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach., Results: Five studies including 1116 patients reported major complications in 25 (4·9 per cent) of 510 patients in the antibiotic and 41 (8·4 per cent) of 489 in the appendicectomy group: risk difference -2·6 (95 per cent c.i. -6·3 to 1·1) per cent (low-quality evidence). Minor complications occurred in 11 (2·2 per cent) of 510 and 61 (12·5 per cent) of 489 patients respectively: risk difference -7·2 (-18·1 to 3·8) per cent (very low-quality evidence). Of 550 patients in the antibiotic group, 47 underwent appendicectomy within 1 month: pooled estimate 8·2 (95 per cent c.i. 5·2 to 11·8) per cent (high-quality evidence). Within 1 year, appendicitis recurred in 114 of 510 patients in the antibiotic group: pooled estimate 22·6 (15·6 to 30·4) per cent (high-quality evidence). For every 100 patients with non-perforated appendicitis, initial antibiotic therapy compared with prompt appendicectomy may result in 92 fewer patients receiving surgery within the first month, and 23 more experiencing recurrent appendicitis within the first year., Conclusion: The choice of medical versus surgical management in patients with clearly uncomplicated appendicitis is value- and preference-dependent, suggesting a change in practice towards shared decision-making is necessary., (© 2016 The Authors. BJS published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of BJS Society Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
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8. Antibiotics or Appendectomy for Acute Non-Perforated Appendicitis--How to Interpret the Evidence?
- Author
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Sallinen V and Tikkinen KA
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Appendicitis diagnostic imaging, Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Appendectomy, Appendicitis drug therapy, Appendicitis surgery, Clinical Decision-Making methods
- Published
- 2016
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9. Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high, middle and low income countries: A multicenter, prospective, cohort study
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Drake, TM, Camilleri-Brennan, J, Tabiri, S, Fergusson, SJ, Spence, R, Fitzgerald, JEF, Bhangu, A, Harrison, EM, Ademuyiwa, AO, Fergusson, S, Glasbey, JC, Khatri, C, Mohan, M, Nepogodiev, D, Soreide, K, Gobin, N, Freitas, AV, Hall, N, Kim, S-H, Negida, A, Jaffry, Z, Chapman, SJ, Arnaud, AP, Recinos, G, Manipal, CE, Amandito, R, Shawki, M, Hanrahan, M, Pata, F, Zilinskas, J, Roslani, AC, Goh, CC, Irwin, G, Shu, S, Luque, L, Shiwani, H, Altamimi, A, Alsaggaf, MU, Rayne, S, Jeyakumar, J, Cengiz, Y, Raptis, DA, Fermani, C, Balmaceda, R, Marta Modolo, M, Macdermid, E, Chenn, R, Yong, CO, Edye, M, Jarmin, M, D'amours, SK, Iyer, D, Youssef, D, Phillips, N, Brown, J, George, R, Koh, C, Warren, O, Hanley, I, Dickfos, M, Nawara, C, Oefner, D, Primavesi, F, Mitul, AR, Mahmud, K, Hussain, M, Hakim, H, Kumar, T, Oosterkamp, A, Assouto, PA, Lawani, I, Souaibou, YI, Tun, AK, Chong, CL, Devadasar, GH, Qadir, MRM, Aung, KP, Yeo, LS, Palomino Castillo, VD, Munhoz, MM, Moreira, G, Barros De Castro Segundo, LC, Khouri Ferreira, SA, Careta, MC, Kim, SB, De Sousa, AV, Lazzarini Cury, AD, Soares Miguel, GP, Carreiro De Freitas, AV, Silvestre, BP, Pinto Vianna, JG, Felipe, CO, Valente Laufer, LA, Altoe, F, Da Silva, LA, Pimenta, ML, Giuriato, TF, Bezerra Morais, PA, Luiz, JS, Araujo, R, Menegussi, J, Leal, M, Barroso de Lima, CV, Tatagiba, LS, Leal, A, Dos Santos, DV, Fraga, GP, Simoes, RL, Stock, S, Nigo, S, Kabba, J, Ngwa, TE, King, S, Zani, A, Azzie, G, Firdouse, M, Kushwaha, S, Agarwal, A, Bailey, K, Cameron, B, Livingston, M, Horobjowsky, A, Deckelbaum, DL, Razek, T, Marinkovic, B, Grasset, E, D'aguzan, N, Jimenez, J, Macchiavello, R, Zhang, Z, Guo, W, Oh, J, Zheng, F, Montes, I, Sierra, S, Mendez, M, Isabel Villegas, M, Mendoza Arango, MC, Mendoza, I, Naranjo Aristizabal, FA, Montoya Botero, JA, Quintero Riaza, VM, Restrepo, J, Morales, C, Cruz, H, Munera, A, Karlo, R, Domini, E, Mihanovic, J, Radic, M, Zamarin, K, Pezelj, N, Hache-Marliere, M, Batista Lemaire, S, Rivas, R, Khyrallh, A, Hassan, A, Shimy, G, Fahmy, MAB, Nabawi, A, Elfil, M, Ghoneem, M, Gohar, ME-SAM, Asal, M, Abdelkader, M, Gomah, M, Rashwan, H, Karkeet, M, Gomaa, A, Hasan, A, Elgebaly, A, Saleh, O, Fattah, AA, Gouda, A, Elshafay, AE, Gharib, A, Menshawy, A, Hanafy, M, Al-Mallah, A, Abdulgawad, M, Baheeg, M, Alhendy, M, AbdelFattah, I, Kenibar, A, Osman, O, Gemeah, M, Mohammed, A, Adel, A, Sayed, A, Abozaid, M, Kotb, AHE-B, Ata, AAA, Nasr, M, Alkammash, A, Saeed, M, Abd El Hamid, N, Attia, AM, Abd El Galeel, A, Elbanby, E, El-Dien, KS, Hantour, U, Alahmady, O, Mansour, B, Elkorashy, AM, Taha, EMS, Lasheen, KT, Elkolaly, SS, Abdel-Wahab, NYE, Abozyed, MAF, Saeed, AM, El Sayed, GS, Youssif, JH, Ahmed, SM, El-Shahat, NS, Khedr, AE-RH, Elsebaaye, AO, Elzayat, M, Abdelraheim, M, Elzayat, I, Warda, M, El Deen, KN, Elnemr, AE, Salah, O, Abbas, M, Rashad, M, Elzayyat, I, Hemeda, D, Tawfik, G, Salama, M, Khaled, H, Seisa, M, Elshaer, K, Hussein, A, Elkhadrawi, M, Afifi, AM, Ebrahim, OS, Metwally, MM, Elmelegy, R, Elsawahly, DME, Safa, H, Nofal, E, Elbermawy, M, Ghazy, AA, Samih, H, Abdelgelil, A, Abdelghany, S, El Kholy, A, Aboraya, M, Elkady, F, Salma, M, Samy, S, Fakher, R, Aboarab, A, Samir, A, Sakr, A, Haroun, A, Al-Aarag, AA-R, Elkholy, A, Elshanwany, S, Ghanem, E, Tammam, A, Hammad, AM, El Shoura, Y, El Ashal, G, Khairy, H, Antar, S, Mehrez, S, Abdelshafy, M, Hamad, MGM, Hosh, M, Abdallah, E, Magdy, B, Alzayat, T, Gamaly, E, Elfeki, H, Abouzahra, A, Elsheikh, S, Elgendy, FI, Abd El-Salam, F, Seifelnasr, O, Ammar, M, Eysa, A, Sadek, A, Toeema, AG, Nasr, A, Abuseif, M, Zidan, H, Barakat, SAE, Elsayed, N, Abd Elrasoul, Y, Elkelany, A, Ammar, MS, Mustafa, M-A, Hegazy, Y, Etman, M, Saad, S, Alrahawy, M, Raslan, A, Morsi, M, Rslan, A, Sabry, A, Elwakil, H, Shaker, H, Abd-Elrasoul, Y, El-Kashef, H, Shaalan, M, Tarek, A, Elwan, A, Nayel, AR, Seif, M, Emadeldin, D, Ghonaim, MA, Almallah, A, Fouad, A, Sayma, EA, Elbatahgy, A, El-Ma'doul, AS, Mosad, A, Tolba, H, Elsorogy, DEAA, Mostafa, HA, Omar, AA, Abd El Hameed, OS, Lasheen, A, Abd El Salam, Y, Morsi, A, Ismail, M, El-badawy, HA, Amer, MA, El-Hamouly, AS, Attallah, NA, Mosalum, O, Afandy, A, Mokhtar, A, Abouelnasr, A, Ayad, S, Shaker, R, Sakr, R, Amreia, M, Elsobky, S, Mustafa, M, El Magd, AA, Marey, A, Hafez, AT, Zalabia, MF, Mohamed, MM, Fadel, A, Ahmed, EA, Ali, A, Alwafai, MG, Dwydar, A, Kharsa, S, Mamdouh, E, El-Sheemy, H, AlYoussef, I, Aly, AK, Aldalaq, A, Alnawam, E, Alkhabbaz, D, Saad, M, Hussein, S, Elazayem, AA, Meshref, A, Elashmawy, M, Mousa, M, Nashaat, A, Ghanem, S, Elsayed, ZM, Elwaey, A, Elkadsh, I, Darweesh, M, Mohameden, A, Hafez, M, Badr, A, Badwy, A, Abd El Slam, M, Elazoul, M, Al-Nahrawi, S, Eldamaty, L, Nada, F, Ameen, M, Hagar, A, Elsehimy, M, Dawoud, H, El Mesery, S, El Gendy, A, Abdelkareem, A, Marey, AS, Allam, M, Shehata, S, Abozeid, K, Elshobary, M, Fahiem, A, Sarsik, S, Hashish, A, Zidan, M, Hashish, M, Aql, S, Elhendawy, AOA, Husseini, M, Kasem, E, Gheith, A, Elfouly, Y, Soliman, AR, Ibrahim, Y, Elfouly, N, Fawzy, A, Rashid, M, Elsherbiny, AS, Sieda, B, Badwi, NM, Mohammed, MMH, Mohamed, O, Habeeb, MA, Worku, M, Starr, N, Desta, S, Wondimu, S, Abebe, NS, Thomas, E, Asele, FA, Dabessa, D, Zerihun, AB, Mentula, P, Leppaniemi, A, Sallinen, V, Scalabre, A, Frade, F, Irtan, S, Graffeille, V, Gaignard, E, Alimi, Q, Graffieille, V, Abbo, O, Mouttalib, S, Bouali, O, Hervieux, E, Aigrain, Y, Botto, N, Faure, A, Fievet, L, Panait, N, Eyssartier, E, Schmitt, F, Podevin, G, Parent, V, Martin, A, Muller, C, Bonnard, A, Peycelon, M, Abantanga, F, Boakye-Yiadom, K, Bukari, M, Owusu, F, Awuku-Asabre, J, Bray, LD, Lytras, D, Psarianos, K, Bamicha, A, Kefalidi, E, Gemenetzis, G, Dervenis, C, Gouvas, N, Agalianos, C, Kontos, M, Kouraklis, G, Karousos, D, Germanos, S, Marinos, C, Anthoulakis, C, Nikoloudis, N, Mitroudis, N, Estupinian, S, Forno, W, Arevalo Azmitia, JR, Ramarez Cabrera, CC, Guevara, R, Aguilera, M, Mendez, N, Azmitia Mendizabal, CA, Ramazzini, P, Contreras Urquizu, M, Tale, F, Soley, R, Barrios, E, Marroquin Rodriguez, DE, Perez Velasquez, CI, Contreras Merida, SM, Regalado, F, Lopez, M, Siguantay, M, Lam, FY, Szeto, KJ-Y, Szeto, CCL, Li, WS, Li, KKK, Leung, MF, Mak, T, Ng, S, Prasad, SS, Kirishnan, A, Gyanchandani, N, Kumar, BS, Rangarajan, M, Bhat, S, Sreedharan, A, Kinnera, SV, Reddy, Y, Venugopal, C, Kumar, S, Mittal, A, Nadkarni, S, Lakshmi, HN, Malik, P, Limaye, N, Pai, S, Jain, P, Khajanchi, M, Satoskar, S, Satoskar, R, Bin Mahamood, A, Sutanto, EPR, Soeselo, DA, Tedjaatmadja, C, Rahmawati, FN, Mayasari, M, Al-Hasani, RKMJ, Al-Hameedi, HII, Ibraheem, HI, Al-Azraqi, IAA, Sabeeh, L, Kamil, R, Telfah, MM, Rasendran, A, Sheehan, J, Kerley, R, Normile, C, Gilbert, RW, Song, J, Dablouk, M, Mauro, L, Dablouk, MO, Kielty, P, Marks, E, Gosling, S, Mccarthy, M, Mirghani, D, Naqvi, SA, Wong, CS, Chung, S, D'cruz, R, Cahill, R, Gosling, SG, Fahy, C, Cadogan, DD, Powell, A, Gilbert, R, Clifford, C, Driscoll, A, Paul, S, Lee, C, Bowe, R, Hutch, W, Mohan, H, O'neill, M, Mealy, K, Danelli, P, Bondurri, A, Maffioli, A, Pasini, M, Pata, G, Roncali, S, Silvani, P, Carlucci, M, Faccincani, R, Bonavina, L, Macchitella, Y, Ceriani, C, Tugnoli, G, Di Saverio, S, Khattab, K, Paludi, MA, Pata, D, Cloro, LM, Allegri, A, Ansaloni, L, Coccolini, F, Veronese, E, Bortolasi, L, Hasheminia, A, Nastri, G, Dal Canto, M, Cucumazzo, S, Benevento, A, Tessera, G, Grandinetti, PP, Maniscalco, A, Lamanna, GL, Turati, L, Sgroi, G, Rausa, E, Villa, R, Monteleone, M, Merlini, D, Grassi, V, Cirocchi, R, Cacurri, A, Waleed, H, Diab, A, Elzowawi, F, Jokubauskas, M, Varkalys, K, Venskutonis, D, Pranevicius, R, Ambrozeviciute, V, Juciute, S, Skardziukaite, A, Bradulskis, S, Urbanavicius, L, Austraite, A, Riauka, R, Dambrauskas, Z, Karumnas, P, Urniezius, Z, Zilinskiene, R, Rudzenskaite, A, Usaityte, A, Montrimaite, M, Kaselis, N, Strazdas, A, Jokubonis, K, Maceviciute, K, Beisa, V, Poskus, T, Strupas, K, Laugzemys, E, Kolosov, A, Jotautas, V, Rakita, I, 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M, Dar, M, Bhopal, KF, Iftikhar, Z, Furqan, MM, Nighat, B, Jawaid, M, Khalique, A, Zil-E-Ali, A, Rashid, A, Dharamshi, HA, Naqvi, T, Faraz, A, Anwar, AW, Yaseen, TM, Shamsi, GS, Shamsi, G, Yaseen, T, Anwer, W, Paredes Decoud, H, Aguilera, O, Zelada Alvarez, II, Marcelo Delgado, J, Machain Vega, GM, Segovia Lohse, HA, Messa Aguilar, WL, Cabala Chiong, JA, Manchego Bautista, AC, Huaman, E, Zegarra, S, Camacho, R, Vergara Celis, JM, Romani Pozo, DA, Hamasaki, J, Temoche, E, Herrera-Matta, J, Garcia Torres, CP, Alvarez Barreda, LM, Barrionuevo Ojeda, RR, Garaycochea, O, Castro Mollo, M, Linares Delgado, MSDFT, Fujii, F, Aranzabal Durand, SY, Arroyo Basto, CA, Urbina Rojas, NM, Shu Yip, SB, Contreras Vergara, AL, Rosas Moran, AE, Borda Luque, G, Rodriguez Castro, M, Alvarado Jaramillo, R, Manrique Sila, G, Elizabeth Lopez, C, Zapata Ponze De Leon, M, Machaca, M, Coasaca Huaraya, R, Arenas, A, Lopez, C, Herrera Puma, CM, Pino, W, Hinojosa, C, Limache, S, Manrrique Sila, G, Mercado Rodriguez, L-A, Melo, R, Costa-Maia, J, Muralha, N, Sauvat, F, Dan, I, Hogea, M, Eduard, P, Bratu, R-M, Beuran, M, Diaconescu, I-B, Martian, B-V, Iordache, F-M, Vartic, M, Vida, LC, Muntean, LI, Mironescu, AS, Nsengimana, VJP, Niragire, A, Ingabire, JDLCA, Niyirera, E, Zanini, N, Jovine, E, Landolfo, G, Alomar, IN, Alnuqaydan, SA, Altwigry, AM, Othman, M, Osman, N, Alqahtani, E, Alzahrani, M, Alyami, R, Aljohani, E, Alhabli, I, Mikwar, Z, Almuallem, S, Nawawi, A, Bakhaidar, M, Maghrabi, AA, Alsaggaf, M, Aljiffry, M, Altaf, A, Khoja, A, Habeebullah, A, Akeel, N, Ghandora, N, Almoflihi, A, Huwait, A, Al-shammari, A, Al-Mousa, M, Alghamdi, M, Adham, W, Albeladi, B, Alfarsi, MA, Mahdi, A, Al Awwad, S, Nouh, T, Hassanain, M, Aldhafeeri, S, Sadig, N, Algohary, O, Aledrisy, M, Gudal, A, Alrifaie, A, AlRowais, M, Althwainy, A, Shabkah, A, Alamoudi, U, Alrajraji, M, Alghamdi, B, Aljohani, S, Daqeeq, A, Al-Faifi, JJ, Jennings, V, Ngayu, N, Moore, R, Kong, V, Kretzmann, H, Connor, K, Nel, D, Sampson, C, Panieri, E, Sishuba, N, Tun, M, Mphatsoe, AM, Carreira, J-A, Teasdale, E, Wagener, M, Botes, S, Du Plessis, D, Fernandez-Bueno, F, Aguilar-Jimenez, J, Andres Garcia-Marin, J, Solar Garcia, L, Garcia Florez, LJ, Arias Pacheco, RD, Pagnozzi, J, Jara Quezada, JH, Luis Rodicio, J, Minguez, G, Rodriguez-Uria, R, Ugalde, P, Lopez-Arevalo, C, Barneo, L, Gonzales Stuva, JP, Ortega-Vazquez, I, Rodriguez, L, Herrera, N, Arachchi, PP, Senanayake, WSMKJ, Arachchige, LAJJ, Sivaganesh, S, Samaraweera, DI, Thanusan, V, Musa, AEK, Balila, RMH, Mohamed, MAEH, Ali, H, Elabdin, HZ, Mahdi, S, Ahmed, H, Idris, SAI, Elsayed, M, Mahmoud, M, Boijsen, M, Lundgren, P-O, Gustafsson, U, Kiasat, A, Wogensen, F, Jurdell, E, Thorell, A, Thorarinsdottir, H, Utter, M, Sundstrom, SM, Wredberg, C, Kjellin, A, Nyberg, J, Frisk, B, Sund, M, Andersson, L, Gunnarsson, U, Ahlqvist, S, Bjorklund, I, Royson, H, Weber, P, Pahlsson, H-I, Borin, E, Hjertberg, M, Schmid, R, Schivo, D, Despotidis, V, Breitenstein, S, Staerkle, RF, Schadde, E, Deichsel, F, Gerosa, A, Nocito, A, Mijuskovic, B, Zuber, M, Eisner, L, Kruspi, S, Reinisch, KB, Schoewe, C, Novak, A, Palma, AF, Teufelberger, G, Kimaro, M, King, R, Balkan, AZA, Gumar, M, Yavuz, MA, Karabacak, U, Lap, G, Ozkan, BB, Karakahya, M, Adams, R, Morton, R, Henderson, L, Gratton, R, Clement, KD, Chang, KY-C, Mcnish, D, Mcintosh, R, Milligan, W, Skelly, B, Anderson-Knight, H, Lawther, R, Onimowo, J, Shatkar, V, Tharmalingam, S, Woin, E, Fautz, T, Ziff, O, Dindyal, S, Arman, S, Talukder, S, Gadhvi, V, Chew, LS, Heath, J, Blencowe, N, Hallam, S, Gash, K, Mannu, GS, Zachariades, D-C, Snaith, AC, Hettiarachchi, TS, Nesaratnam, A, Wheeler, J, McCullagh, D, Clements, JM, Khan, A, Koumpa, F, Neophytou, C, Roth, J, Soon, WC, Deputy, M, Ahmed, A, Ashton, A, Vincent, J, Almy, J, Khan, T, Allen, JLY, Mcintyre, CJ, Marshall, DC, Sykes, M, Behar, N, Jordan, H, Rajjoub, Y, Sherman, T, White, T, Watts, A, Ardley, R, Arulampalam, T, Shah, A, Brown, D, Blower, E, Sutton, P, Gasteratos, K, Vimalachandran, D, Magee, C, Mcguigan, A, Mcaleer, S, Morgan, C, Braungart, S, Lafferty, K, Labib, P, Tanase, A, Mangan, C, Reza, L, Woodward, H, Gouldthorpe, C, Turner, M, Wild, JRL, Malik, TAM, Proctor, VK, Hewage, K, Davies, J, Dubois, A, Sarwary, S, Zardab, A, Grant, A, Mcintyre, R, Mogan, YP, Ho, W, Chong, BFHK, Tewari, S, Humm, G, Farinella, E, Hall, NJ, Wright, NJ, Major, CP, Xerri, T, Amin, J, Farhad, M, Camilleri-Brennan, JF, Robertson, AGN, Swann, J, Richards, J, Jabbar, A, De Bono, P, Attard, M, Burns, H, Macdonald, E, Baldacchino, M, Skehan, J, Hall, TF, Gimzewska, M, Mclachlan, G, Shah, J, Giles, J, Chiu, S, Weber, B, Chiu, SMY, Highcock, S, Hassan, M, Beasley, W, Vlachogiorgos, A, Dias, S, Maharaj, G, Mcdonald, R, Macdonald, A, Witherspoon, P, Baird, A, Sarmah, P, Green, N, Youssef, H, Cross, K, Rees, CM, Van Duren, B, Upchurch, E, Khan, K, Abudeeb, H, Hammad, A, Karandikar, S, Bowley, D, Karim, A, Chachulski, W, Richardson, L, Dawnay, G, Thompson, B, Mistry, A, Ghetia, M, Roy, S, Al-Obaedi, O, Das, K, Prabhudesai, A, Cocker, DM, Tan, JJ, Tyler, R, Di Franco, F, Ayyar, S, Vivekanantham, S, Gokani, S, Gillespie, M, Gudlaugsdottir, K, Pezas, T, Currow, C, Kim, MY-H, Birring, A, Edwards, J, Das, S, Jha, M, Atkinson, K, Luck, J, Fozard, T, Puttick, M, Salama, Y, Shah, R, Ibrahem, AA, Ebdewi, H, Gravante, G, El-Rabaa, S, Nnajiuba, H, Allott, R, Bhargava, A, Chan, Z, Hassan, Z, Makinde, M, Hemingway, D, Dean, R, Boddy, A, Aber, A, Patel, V, Parakh, J, Parthiban, S, Ubhi, HK, Hosein, S-P, Ward, S, Malik, K, Jennings, L, Newton, T, Alkhouri, M, Kang, MK, Houlden, C, Barry, J, Raza, I, Farquharson, A, Bhattacharya, S, Chang, K, Wilson, MSJ, Neo, YN, Ibrahim, I, Chan, E, Peck, FS, Lim, PJ, North, AS, Blundell, R, Williamson, A, Fouad, D, Minocha, A, Mccarthy, K, Court, E, Chambers, A, Yee, J, Tham, JC, Beaton, C, Walsh, U, Lockey, J, Bokhari, S, Howells, L, Griffiths, M, Yallop, L, Singh, S, Nasher, O, Jackson, P, Shariffuddin, AM, Ho, WC, Pabla, G, Ramzi, S, Zeidan, S, Doughty, J, Sinha, S, Davenport, R, Lewis, J, Duffy, L, Mcaleer, E, Williams, E, Som, R, Javed, O, Boal, M, Harrison, N, Tafazal, H, Brogden, T, Griffiths, E, Obute, RD, Glover, TE, Clark, DJ, Boshnaq, M, Akhtar, M, Capleton, P, Doughan, S, Rabie, M, Mohamed, I, Samuel, D, Dickson, L, Kennedy, M, Dempster, E, Brown, E, Maple, N, Monaghan, E, Wolf, B, Garland, A, Mcphee, A, Anderson, D, Anderson, R, Hassan, S, Smith, D, Lund, J, Boereboom, C, Murphy, J, Tierney, G, Tou, S, Zimmermann, EF, Smart, NJ, Warwick, AM, Stasinou, T, Daniels, I, Findlay-Cooper, K, Mitrasinovic, S, Ray, S, Varcada, M, D'Souza, R, Omara, S, Spurr, M, Parkinson, L, Hanks, A, Ma, J, Abington, E, Ramcharn, M, Williams, G, Winstanley, J, Kennedy, ED, Yeung, ENW, Jones, C, O'neill, S, Lim, SJ, Liew, I, Nair, H, Fairfield, C, Koh, S, Wilson, A, Anandkumar, D, Kirupagaran, A, Jones, TF, Torrance, HDT, Fowler, AJ, Chandrakumar, C, Patel, P, Ashraf, SF, Lakhani, SM, Mclean, AL, Basson, S, Batt, J, Bowman, C, Stoddart, M, Benons, N, Mason, C, Harrison, R, Quayle, J, Barker, T, Summerour, V, Harper, E, Smith, C, Hampton, M, Pitt, SK, Ward, AE, O'Connor, T, Heywood, EG, Chowdhury, A, Hossaini, S, Watson, NFS, Mckechnie, D, Farah, A, Chun, A, Koh, H, Lim, G, Sunderland, G, Gould, L, Munipalle, PC, Rooney, H, Browning, DRL, Pereira, B, Nemeth, K, Decker, E, Giuliani, S, Shalaby, A, Shaikh, S, Tan, CY, Palkhi, EYA, Szczap, A, Chidambaram, S, Chen, CY, Kulasabanathan, K, Chhabra, S, Kostov, E, Harbord, P, Barnacle, J, Palliyil, MM, Zikry, M, Porter, J, Raslan, C, Hafiz, S, Soltani, N, Baillie, K, Singh, P, Sheth, S, Patel, K, Khalili, M, Choi, J, Benger, M, Marples, L, Macfarlane, A, Thurairaja, R, Boyce, T, Whewell, H, Jones, E, Th'ng, F, Robertson, N, Mirza, A, Saeed, H, Galloway, S, Elena, G, Afzal, M, Zakir, M, Sodde, P, Hand, C, Sriram, A, Clark, T, Holton, P, Livesey, A, Sinha, Y, Iqbal, FM, Bharj, IS, Rotundo, A, Jenvey, C, Slade, R, Golding, D, Haines, S, Abdullah, AAN, Tilston, TW, Loughran, D, Donoghue, D, Giacci, L, Sherif, MA, Harrison, P, Tang, A, Kotecha, D, Elshaer, M, Urbonas, T, Riaz, A, Chapman, A, Acharya, P, Shalhoub, J, Grossart, C, McMorran, D, Mlotshwa, M, Hawkins, W, Loizides, S, Krishna, K, Orchard, M, Ho, CW, Thomson, P, Khan, S, Taylor, F, Shukla, J, Howie, EE, Macdonald, L, Komolafe, O, Mcintyre, N, Cragg, J, Parker, J, Stewart, D, Lintin, L, Tracy, J, Farooq, T, Molina, G, Kaafarani, H, Beyene, R, Sava, J, Scott, M, Swaroop, M, Kennedy, R, Azodo, IA, Heffernan, D, Chun, T, Stephen, A, Sion, M, Weinstein, MS, Punja, V, Bugaev, N, Goodstein, M, Razmdjou, S, Etchill, E, Puyana, JC, Kesinger, M, Napolitano, L, To, K, Hemmila, M, Todd, O, Jenner, E, Hoogakker, E, Chen, JHC, Ismail, L, Roi, D, Escobar, EG, Clinicum, II kirurgian klinikka, Department of Surgery, Pertti Panula / Principal Investigator, HUS Abdominal Center, and OMÜ
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Male ,SURGERY ,Disease ,030230 surgery ,DISEASE ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Appendicitis ,Appendectomy ,Global surgery ,Laparoscopic ,Operative standards ,Postoperative care ,Postoperative complications ,Surgical site infection ,80 and over ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,appendectomy ,appendicitis ,global surgery ,laparoscopic ,operative standards ,postoperative care ,postoperative complications ,surgical site infection ,Prospective cohort study ,Laparoscopy ,Child ,Aged, 80 and over ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,HEALTH ,BURDEN ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Developing country ,APPENDECTOMY ,GlobalSurg Collaborative ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Internal medicine ,Surgery ,Humans ,Emergency appendectomy ,Surgical emergency ,Propensity Score ,Developing Countries ,Aged ,Science & Technology ,SURGICAL CARE ,business.industry ,Developed Countries ,Kirurgi ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,medicine.disease ,3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology ,Emergencies ,Follow-Up Studies ,Postoperative Complications ,business - Abstract
Mak, Tony W. C./0000-0002-4516-3124; Peycelon, Matthieu/0000-0003-3617-4849; Ng, Simon S. M./0000-0002-5389-9297; Negida, Ahmed/0000-0001-5363-6369; Di Saverio, Salomone/0000-0001-5685-5022; Poskus, Tomas/0000-0002-6931-6041; Mihanovic, Jakov/0000-0001-6450-2956; Lund, Jonathan/0000-0001-5195-2181; Alshara, Ahmed/0000-0002-8127-3873; Maffioli, Anna/0000-0001-7116-4019; Smart, Neil/0000-0002-3043-8324; Roslani, April Camilla/0000-0003-2458-965X; Elfeki, Hossam/0000-0003-0704-4068; Samaraweera, Dulan/0000-0001-8334-8157; Mironescu, Aurel/0000-0003-1827-6948; Gemeah, Mostafa/0000-0002-9145-9348; Antar, Sarah/0000-0001-6091-2835; Labib, Peter LZ/0000-0003-2362-9218; Nouh, Thamer/0000-0002-7118-7453; Soreide, Kjetil/0000-0001-7594-4354; Rabie, Mohamed A/0000-0001-7799-2931; Ansaloni, Luca/0000-0001-6427-0307; Pata, Francesco/0000-0003-2634-1199; Barneo, Luis/0000-0001-9410-4262; Fahmy, Mohamed/0000-0002-3570-1742; Coccolini, Federico/0000-0001-6364-4186; Mikalauskas, Saulius/0000-0002-5191-1491; ALI, EMAD ALI AHMED/0000-0003-4384-0934; Cirocchi, Roberto/0000-0002-2457-0636; Nepogodiev, Dmitri/0000-0002-2171-2862; Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman/0000-0002-7100-7723; Zalabia, Mohamed Fadel/0000-0003-2372-2914; Fahmy, Mohamed A Baky/0000-0002-3570-1742; Glasbey, James/0000-0001-7688-5018; Shaikh, Shafaque/0000-0002-4536-9595; Furqan, Muhammad Mohsin/0000-0003-0719-5069; Boddy, Alexander P/0000-0001-7243-0155; Vimalachandran, Dale/0000-0001-5817-8969; Iordache, Florin/0000-0001-7108-7279; Merlini, David A/0000-0002-7981-7149; Beuran, Mircea/0000-0002-0889-1675; Jaffry, Zahra/0000-0003-4101-2246; Hassan, Mariam/0000-0001-6160-9723; Mohan, Midhun/0000-0002-1865-8623; Germanos, Stylianos/0000-0002-1640-1226; afifi, ahmed/0000-0002-4294-8217; Alhendy, Mohammed/0000-0003-3434-1156; Ozkan, Bahar Busra/0000-0002-0939-8049; Todd, Oliver/0000-0001-7212-8095; Ali, Ased/0000-0001-9576-9047; Torrance, Hew David/0000-0002-3854-1748; Morsi, Mahmoud/0000-0002-6621-0751; Lawal, Taiwo Akeem/0000-0002-8632-5783; Bondurri, Andrea/0000-0002-6521-5876; Chapman, Stephen/0000-0003-2413-5690; morsi, mahmoud/0000-0001-6825-7361; Arman, Sam/0000-0001-9620-5171; Lopez, Crislee/0000-0002-8775-3675; van Duren, Bernard/0000-0003-1877-8227; Hanrahan, Michael/0000-0002-2358-5975; , paolo/0000-0001-9844-3149; Lim, Shujing Jane/0000-0003-4970-7405; Turati, Luca/0000-0002-6958-6682; Shehata, Sherif/0000-0002-9733-006X; LAWANI, Ismail/0000-0001-5022-6313; FAURE, alice/0000-0002-3327-6391; Attia, Attia/0000-0003-2602-7263; Tham, Ji Chung/0000-0003-1796-9347; Segovia Lohse, Helmut Alfredo/0000-0003-3255-5345; Sgroi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4956-124X; Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan/0000-0003-3013-1792; Warren, Oliver/0000-0001-8948-7473; SHAWKI, Marwan/0000-0001-6053-5523; Abbo, Olivier/0000-0002-4202-4284; Fitzgerald, James/0000-0002-4453-5117; Thorell, Anders/0000-0001-7238-1728; Daniels, Ian/0000-0002-9114-0812; Khatri, Chetan/0000-0002-3961-1314; Hassanain, Mazen/0000-0002-2441-5142; Wright, Naomi/0000-0003-4105-8009; Elgebaly, Ahmed/0000-0002-8324-0960; Tanase, Andrei/0000-0001-9465-8302; IMOROU SOUAIBOU, Yacoubou/0000-0002-1908-6698; Scalabre, Aurelien/0000-0001-7361-1900; Pata, Giacomo/0000-0001-7867-9349; McGuigan, Andrew/0000-0002-5097-5063; Marshall, Dominic/0000-0002-3498-2511; Stoddart, Michael/0000-0001-7346-324X; Amandito, Radhian/0000-0002-1211-7973; Hammad, Ali/0000-0003-1894-3480; ZANI, AUGUSTO/0000-0003-2283-9846 WOS: 000438285100004 PubMed: 29623470 Background Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. Methods This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. Results 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6%) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11-0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09-0.45). Conclusion A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. Trial registration: NCT02179112. DFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant [MR/N022114/1]; Wellcome Trust Biomedical Vacation ScholarshipsWellcome Trust; National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit GrantNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) [NIHR 17-0799] Funded by a DFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant (MR/N022114/1), a Wellcome Trust Biomedical Vacation Scholarships (2015), and a National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit Grant (NIHR 17-0799). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR, or the UK Department of Health and Social Care.
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- 2018
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10. A randomised placebo-controlled double-blind multicentre trial comparing antibiotic therapy with placebo in the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis:APPAC III trial study protocol
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Sippola, S. (Suvi), Grönroos, J. (Juha), Sallinen, V. (Ville), Rautio, T. (Tero), Nordström, P. (Pia), Rantanen, T. (Tuomo), Hurme, S. (Saija), Leppäniemi, A. (Ari), Meriläinen, S. (Sanna), Laukkarinen, J. (Johanna), Savolainen, H. (Heini), Virtanen, J. (Johanna), and Salminen, P. (Paulina)
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appendicitis ,uncomplicated acute appendicitis ,randomized controlled trial ,antibiotic therapy ,placebo ,double-blind - Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies show that antibiotic therapy is safe and feasible for CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Spontaneous resolution of acute appendicitis has already been observed over a hundred years ago. In CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute diverticulitis (left-sided appendicitis), studies have shown no benefit from antibiotics compared with symptomatic treatment, but this shift from antibiotics to symptomatic treatment has not yet been widely implemented in clinical practice. Recently, symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis has been demonstrated in a Korean open-label study. However, a double-blinded placebo-controlled study to illustrate the role of antibiotics and spontaneous resolution of uncomplicated acute appendicitis is still lacking. Methods and analysis: The APPAC III (APPendicitis ACuta III) trial is a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, superiority randomised study comparing antibiotic therapy with placebo in the treatment CT scan-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis aiming to evaluate the role of antibiotics in the resolution of uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Adult patients (18–60 years) with CT scan-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis (the absence of appendicolith, abscess, perforation and tumour) will be enrolled in five Finnish university hospitals. Primary endpoint is success of the randomised treatment, defined as resolution of acute appendicitis resulting in discharge from the hospital without surgical intervention within 10 days after initiating randomised treatment (treatment efficacy). Secondary endpoints include postintervention complications, recurrent symptoms after treatment up to 1 year, late recurrence of acute appendicitis after 1 year, duration of hospital stay, sick leave, treatment costs and quality of life. A decrease of 15 percentage points in success rate is considered clinically important difference. The superiority of antibiotic treatment compared with placebo will be analysed using Fisher’s one-sided test and CI will be calculated for proportion difference. Ethics and dissemination: This protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Turku University Hospital and the Finnish Medicines Agency (FIMEA). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed academic journals. Trial registration number: NCT03234296; Pre-results
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- 2018
11. Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis
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Reuter, Anna, Rogge, Lisa, Monahan, Mark, Kachapila, Mwayi, Morton, Dion G, Davies, Justine, Vollmer, Sebastian, A A Essam, Abd Elkhalek Sallam, Abd Elrahman Elshafay, Abd El-Rahman Hegazy Khedr, Abdalla Gamal Saad, Abdalla Gharib, Abdalla Kenibar, Abdallah Salah Elsherbiny, Abdalrahman Adel, Abdelaziz Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz Elhendawy, Abdelfatah Hussein, Abdelkader Belkouchi, Abdelmalek Hrora, Abdelrahman Adelshone, Abdelrahman Alkammash, Abdelrahman Assal, Abdelrahman Geuoshy, Abdelrahman Haroun, Abdelrahman Mohammed, Abdelrahman Sayed, Abdelrahman Soliman, Abdelrhman Essam Elnemr, Abdelrhman Kz Darwish, Abdelrhman Osama Elsebaaye, Abdul Khalique, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Abdul Wahid Anwar, Abdulaziz Altwijri, Abdullah Al-Mallah, Abdullah Almoflihi, Abdullah Altamimi, Abdullah Daqeeq, Abdullah Dwydar, Abdullah Gouda, Abdullah Hashim, Abdulmalik Altaf, Abdulmalik Huwait, Abdulrahman Abdel-Aty, Abdulrahman M Altwigry, Abdulrahman Sheshe, Abdulrasheed A Nasir, AbdulRazzaq 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Sanchez Rosenberg, Guo Liang Yong, Gurdeep Singh Mannu, Gurpreet Singh Banipal, Gustavo Miguel Machain Vega, Gustavo Peixoto Soares Miguel, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Gustavo Recinos, Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen Servin, Haaris A Shiwani, Hadeel Al-Farram, Hafiz Hakim, Hagar Zidan, Hager Abdul Aziz Amin, Hager Abdulaziz, Hager Ahmed El-Badawy, Hager Elwakil, Hager Tolba, Hagir Zain Elabdin, Haidar Hajeh, Hala Ahmed, Hala Saad, Halima Aliyu, Hamdi Ebdewi, Hamza Asumah, Hamza Waleed, Hanan Adel Saad, Haney Youssef, Hani Natalie, Hanna Royson, Hannah Anderson-Knight, Hannah Burns, Hannah S Thomas, Hans-Ivar Pahlsson, Harish Neelamraju Lakshmi, Harriet Jordan, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem Al-Hameedi, Hasbi Maulana Arsyad, Hasnain Abbas Dharamshi, Hassan Ali Mostafa, Hatem El-Sheemy, Haya Tahboub, Hayam Ahmed, Hayden Kretzmann, Hayssam Rashwan, Haytham Abudeeb, Hazem Khaled, Hazmi Dwinanda Nurqistan, Heather Bougard, Heba Baraka, Heba Gamal, Heba Shaker, Hector Shibao Miyasato, Helen Mohan, Helen Woodward, Helena Franco, Helene Francois-Coridon, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Hend Adel Gawad Shakshouk, Hend Kandil, Hend Mahmoud, Henri Kotobi, Henry Mendel, Henry Nnaj, Herlin Karismaningtyas, Herman Cruz, Hesham Magdy, Hesham Mohammed Bakry, Hian Ee Heng, Hildur Thorarinsdottir, Hisham Safa, Hisham Samih, Hogea Mircea, Hong Kong Sar, Hong Yee Wong, Hoong-Yin Chong, Hope Edem Kofi Kordorwu, Hope Glover-Addy, Horacio Paredes Decoud, Hosni Khairy Salem, Hossam Dawoud, Hossam Elfeki, Hossam Emadeldin, Houda Bachri, Hunain Shiwani, Hussein Ali, Hussein El-Kashef, Hussein Mohammed, Hussien Ahmed, Iason-Antonios Papaskarlatos, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Ibrahim AbdelFattah, Ibrahim Alhabli, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim AlYoussef, Ibrahim Elzayat, Ibrahim Elzayyat, Ibrahim N Alomar, Ibrahim Rakha, Ibrahim Raza, Ida Björklund, Idelso Vasquez, Ignas Rakita, Ihab Hassan, Ihdaa Adawi, Iloba Njokanma, Iman Elkadsh, Immacolata Iannone, Ingemar Havemann, Ioannis Kyriazanos, Ioannis Patoulias, Ioannis Valioulis, Ionasc Dan, Ionut Negoi, Ionut-Bogdan Diaconescu, Irene Montes, Irene Ortega-Vazquez, Isaac Amole, Isaac Bertuello, Isaac Hanley, Isam Bsisu, Islam Magdy El Sayed, Ismael Isaac Zelada Alvarez, Ismail Lawani, Israa Abdullah Aziz Al-Azraqi, Israa Adel, Israa Awad, Israa Qawasmi, Ivan Mendoza Restrepo, J Edward Fitzgerald, Jack Almy, Jacqueline Sheehan, Jaime Andres Montoya Botero, Jaime Herrera-Matta, Jakeline Restrepo, Jakov Mihanovic, James Adeniran, James Brown, James Davies, James Giles, James Glasbey, James Olivier, James Pape, James Richards, James Wheeler, James Yang, Jamie Shah, Janet Pagnozzi, Jannin Salcedo, Jasim Amin, Jason Brown, Javier Pastora, Javier Rosales, Jazmin Coronel, Jean Bréaud, Jean De La Croix Allen Ingabire, Jean-Baptiste Marret, Jean-Francois Colombani, Jean-François Lecompte, Jeffrey Dalli, Jehad Hassan Youssif, Jehad Meqbil, Jemina Onimowo, Jen Cornick, Jenifa Jeyakumar, Jennifer Nowers, Jennifer Rickard, Jennifer Skehan, Jerry Makama, Jesse Ron Swire Ting, Jessica Juliana Tan, Jessica Patricia Gonzales Stuva, Jessica Roth, Jessica Souza Luiz, Jia Hao Law, Jia Yng Siaw, Jian Er Saw, Jibran Abbasy, Jiheon Song, Jimy Harold Jara Quezada, Joachim Amoako, Joachim Wiborg, Joanna Swann, Jo-Anne Carreira, Joanne Edwards, Joe Vincent, Joel Kin Tan, Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey, Johanna Joosten, Johanna Nyberg, Johannes Kurt Schultz, Johannes Wiik Larsen, John Bondin, John F Camilleri-Brennan, John Jemuel V Mora, John Lee Y Allen, John Whitaker, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Jon Arne Søreide, Jon Kristian Narvestad, Jonathan Ajah, Jonathan Dakubo, Jonathan Heath, Jonathan R L Wild, Jonny Setiawan, Jorge Armando Chungui Bravo, Jorge Torres Cardozo, Jose Aguilar-Jimenez, Jose Andres Garcia-Marin, Jose Antonio Cabala Chiong, Jose Costa-Maia, José Hamasaki, José Luis Hamasaki Hamaguchi, Jose Luis Rodicio, Jose María Vergara Celis, José René Arévalo Azmitia, Joselyn Ye, Joseph Awuku-Asabre, Josephine Psaila, Joshua Luck, Joshua Michael Clements, Joyeta Razzaque, Juan Camilo Correa, Juan Carpio, Juan Gouws, Juan Jaime Herrera Matta, Juan Manuel Carmona, Juan Marcelo Delgado, Juana Kabba, Jubran J Al-Faifi, Julia Guasti Pinto Vianna, Julian Camilleri-Brennan, Juliana Menegussi, Julien Leroux, Julien Rod, Juliette Hascoet, Julio Jimenez, Junyeong Oh, Juozas Kutkevicius, Justas Kuliavas, Justas Žilinskas, Justin Chak Yiu Lam, Justus Lando, Ka Hin Gabriel Li, Ka Wai Leung, Kai Yin Lee, Kalangu Kabongo, Kalitha Pinnagoda, Kalon Hewage, Kamau Kinandu, Kamran Faisal Bhopal, Kandasami Palayan, Kareem Dabbour, Kareem Elshaer, Karen Bailey, Karim Hilal, Karl Bonavia, Karolis Lagunavicius, Karolis Varkalys, Kate Cross, Kate Yu-Ching Chang, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Katharine Whitehurst, Katherine Gash, Kathryn Chu, Kathryn Lee, Katie Connor, Katrin Gudlaugsdottir, Kaustuv Das, Kazeem Atobatele, K C Janardha, Kean Leong Koay, Keat-Seong Poh, Keiran David Clement, Keith Sammut, Keith Say Kwang Tan, Kenneth Aaniana, Kenneth Johnson, Kenneth Mealy, Kenneth Thorsen, Kenny Turpo Espinoza, Kent Pluke, Kestutis Strupas, Kevin C Conlon, Kevin Turpo Espinoza, Khaled Abozeid, Khaled Alhady, Khaled Aljboor, Khaled Dawood, Khaled Hesham Elbisomy, Khaled Ibrahim, Khaled Khattab, Khaled Naser El Deen, Khalid Mahmud, Khalid Qurie, Khalid Salah El-Dien, Khalil Abdul Bassit, Khaoula Boukhal, Khlood Ashour, Kholod Tarek Lasheen, Kholoud Abdelbadeai, Khurram Khan, Khuzaimah Zahid Syibrah, Kieran Atkinson, Kieran Ka Kei Li, Kirsten Lafferty, Kjetil Søreide, Knut Magne Augestad, Kolonia Konstantina, Konstantinos Farmakis, Konstantinos Gasteratos, Kornelija Maceviciute, Kpèmahouton René Keke, Kresimir Zamarin, Kristian Styles, Kristijonas Jasaitis, Kristijonas Jokubonis, Kristina Cassar, Kuet Jun Chung, Kuhaendran Gunaseelan, Kuok Chung Lee, Kurt Carabott, Kwabena Agbedinu, Kwaku Boakye-Yiadom, Kwame Maison, Kwasi Asare-Bediako, Kwasi Kusi, Kyaw Phyo Aung, Kylie Joan-Yi Szeto, Kyriakos Psarianos, Laimonas Uščinas, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasooriya Arachchige, Lana Abusalem, Larissa Ines Páez Lopez, Lau Wen Liang Joel, Laura Gavagna, Laura Koskenvuo, Laura Lorenzon, Laura Luque, Laurent Fourcade, Lawal Abdullahi, Lawani Ismaïl, Lawrence Bongani Khulu, Layza-Alejandra Mercado Rodriguez, Lee Shi Yeo, Leif Israelsson, Lemuel Davies Bray, Lenin Peña, Leo Licari, Leonardo Solaini, Li Jing Yeang, Liam Henderson, Liam Richardson, Liana Roodt, Lillian Reza, Linas Urbanavicius, Linas Venclauskas, Linda Alvi Madrid Barrientos, Linda Andersson, Ling Wilson, Linn Nymo, Linnea Mauro, Liviu Iuliu Muntean, Liviu Muntean, Ljiljana Jeremic, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Lopna Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed, Lorena Fuentes-Rivera, Lorena Rodriguez, Lorena Solar García, Lorraine Sproule, Lotfy Eldamaty, Luai Jamal, Luana Ayres Da Silva, Lubna Sabeeh, Luc Hervé Samison, Luca Ansaloni, Luca Bortolasi, Luca Turati, Lucia Duinhouwer, Lucian Corneliu Vida, Lucile Fievet, Lucio Selvaggi, Ludwing Alexander Zeta Solis, Luen Shaun Chew, Luigi Bonavina, Luigi Bucci, Luigi Maria Cloro, Luis Alberto Valente Laufer, Luis Barneo, Luis Joaquín García Florez, Luis M Helguero-Santin, Luis Miguel Alvarez Barreda, Luis Tale, Luisa Giavarini, Luiz Carlos Barros De Castro Segundo, Luiza Sarmento Tatagiba, Lukas Eisner, Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih Mata, Maarten Vermaas, Mabel Amoako-Boateng, Maciej Walędziak, Madan Jha, Madelaine Gimzewska, Mads Gran, Maeve O'neill, Magdalini Mitroudi, Magnus Boijsen, Maha Al-Faqawi, Maha Elmasry, Maha Gamal Mohamad Hamad, Maha Nasr, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Mahitab Essam, Mahitab Morsy Farahat, Mahmoud A Elnajjar, Mahmoud Abdelshafy, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Mahmoud Abdulgawad, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi Abozyed, Mahmoud Alrahawy, Mahmoud Amreia, Mahmoud Badawy, Mahmoud Eldafrawy, Mahmoud Elfiky, Mahmoud Elkhadragy Maher, Mahmoud Elkhadrawi, Mahmoud Elsayed Moghazy, Mahmoud Gomah, Mahmoud M Saad, Mahmoud Mohamed Metwally, Mahmoud Morsi, Mahmoud Saad, Mahmoud Saami, Mahmoud Salama, Mahmoud Salma, Mahmoud Shalaby, Mahmoud Warda, Mahmoud Zakaria, Mahmut Arif Yuksek, Mahnoor Javaid, Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee, Mai Ebidy, Mai Mohamed Ebidy, Mai Salama, Maíra Cassa Careta, Maja Marcus, Majd Dabboor, Majed Aboelella, Makafui Dayie, Makki Elsayed, Malcolm Falzon, Maleeha Hassan, Malin Sund, Man Fung Leung, Man Hon Andrew Yeung, Manar Abd-Elmawla, Manar Saeed, Mantas Drungilas, Mantas Jokubauskas, Mantas Vilčinskas, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Manuel Hache-Marliere, Manuel Lopez, Manuel Rodriguez Castro, Manuela Mendez, Manzoor Dar, Maram Abu-Toyour, Maram Salah, Marcelo O Higgins Roche, Marco Catani, Marco Maria Pascale, Marco Migliore, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze De Leon, Margaret O'Shea, Margarita Montrimaite, Margherita Notarnicola, Margub Hussain, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Maria Giovanna Grella, Maria Hjertberg, Maria Isabel Villegas Lanau, Maria Jesusa B Maño, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Maria Marta Modolo, Maria Mayasari, Maria Novella Ringressi, Maria Soledad Gonzales Montejo, Maria Soledad Merlo, Maria Utter, María Valcarcel-Saldaña, Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Mariam Darweesh, Mariam O Gad, Mariam Saad Aboul-Naga, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Mariastella Malavenda, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalan, Marie Paul, Mariette Renaux-Petel, Marija Agius, Marilia Del Carmen Escalante Salas, Marilla Dickfos, Marina Luiza Pimenta, Mario Contreras Urquizu, Mario Corbellino, Mário Jacobe, Mario Lopez, Mario Pasini, Mario Trompetto, Marisa Leal, Marisol Manriquez-Reyes, Mariuca Popa, Mark Ian Hampton, Mark Sykes, Mark Wagener, Markus Zuber, Marte Bliksøen, Martha Glynn, Martin Jarmin, Martin Kyereh, Martina Perino, Martina Yusuf Shawky, Martinique Vella-Baldacchino, Marvin Vargas, Marwa Altarayra, Marwa Elashmawy, Marwa Elshobary, Marwa Hamdan, Marwa Sayed, Marwan Abubakr, Marwan Fahim, Marwan Shawki, Maryam Ali Khan, Maryna Shubianok, Mashael Al-Mousa, Masood Alghamdi, Masood Jawaid, Massiell Machaca, Massimiliano Dal Canto, Massimo Coletti, Matas Pažuskis, Matei Bratu, Matei Razvan Bratu, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Matteo Papandrea, Matteo Ripa, Mattew Ekow, Matthew Baldacchino, Matthew Billy, Matthew Young-Han Kim, Matthieu Peycelon, Matti Tolonen, Maureen Bezzina, Maurizio Foco, Mawaddah Alrajraji, Max Dénakpo, Max Rath, Mayaba Maimbo, Mazed Mohamed, Mazen Hassanain, Megan Turner, Mehmet Ali Yavuz, Mehmet Gumar, Mehmet Uluşahin, Melanie Castro Mollo, Melanie Zapata Ponze De Leon, Menatalla Salem, Mengistu Worku, Menna Tallah Ramadan, Mennaallah Hafez, Mennat-Allah Mustafa, Menold Archee P Redota, Meran Allam, Meric Mericliler, Merna Mostafa, Meryem Abbouch, Metwally Aboraya, Michael Amoah, Michael Cox, Michael Edye, Michael Gillespie, Michael Hanrahan, Michael Livingston, Michael Puttick, Michael Stoddart, Michael Van Niekerk, Michael Walsh, Michael Wilson, Michail Kontos, Michail Margaritis, Michał Janik, Micheal Ohene-Yeboah, Michela Monteleone, Michele Carlucci, Michele Sacco, Michelle Mccarthy, Midhun Mohan, Miguel Angel Paludi, Miguel Siguantay, Mihael Radic, Mihaela Vartic, Miklosh Bala, Milaksh Kumar Nirumal, Milan Radojkovic, Milica Nestorovic, Millika Ghetia, Mindaugas Kiudelis, Mircea Beuran, Mircea Hogea, Mirko Mangiapane, Mitchelle Solange De Fã Tima Linares Delgado, Moayad Othman, Mobolaji Oludara, Modise Zacharia Koto, Mohamad Baheeg, Mohamad Bakhaidar, Mohamad Jeffrey Bin Ismail, Mohamed A Abdelaziz, Mohamed A Amer, Mohamed A Baky Fahmy, Mohamed Abbas, Mohamed Abd El Slam, Mohamed Abdelaty, Mohamed Abdelaty Mohamed, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Mohamed Abdelraheim, Mohamed Abozaid, Mohamed Abozed Abdullah, Mohamed Abuseif, Mohamed Adel Badenjki, Mohamed Ali Ghonaim, Mohamed Ali Mahmoud, Mohamed Ameen, Mohamed Ammar, Mohamed Asal, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad Mohamed, Mohamed Dablouk, Mohamed El Halawany, Mohamed Elazoul, Mohamed Elbermawy, Mohamed Elfil, Mohamed Elsehimy, Mohamed Elzayat, Mohamed Etman, Mohamed F Zalabia, Mohamed Fares, Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous Badr, Mohamed Fouad Hamed, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Mohamed Ghoneem, Mohamed Gulamhussein, Mohamed Hafez, Mohamed Hashish, Mohamed Hassab Alnaby, Mohamed Husseini, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohamed Ismail, Mohamed Karkeet, Mohamed Kelany, Mohamed Mabrouk, Mohamed Magdy, Mohamed Mahmoud, Mohamed Moamen Mohamed, Mohamed Moaty, Mohamed Mostafa, Mohamed Mustafa, Mohamed Nashat, Mohamed Nazir, Mohamed Reda Loaloa, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, Mohamed Sabry Ammar, Mohamed Salah, Mohamed Salah Elhelbawy, Mohamed Seisa, Mohamed Shaalan, Mohamed Sleem, Mohamed Sobhi Jabal, Mohamed Youssef, Mohamed Zidan, Mohamedraed Elshami, Mohammad Abdulkhalek Habeeb, Mohammad Aboraya, Mohammad Adawi, Mohammad Alherz, Mohammad Aliyu, Mohammad Elsayed Omar, Mohammad Ghannam, Mohammad Ghassan Alwafai, Mohammad Mohsin Arshad, Mohammad Rashid, Mohammadasim Amjad, Mohammed Alamoudi, Mohammed Alhendy, Mohammed AlRowais, Mohammed Alsaggaf, Mohammed Alzahrani, Mohammed Bukari, Mohammed Deputy, Mohammed Elgheriany, Mohammed Elsayed, Mohammed Elshaar, Mohammed Elsiddig, Mohammed Firdouse, Mohammed G Azizeldine, Mohammed Hanafy, Mohammed Ismail, Mohammed Kamal Ismail, Mohammed Mousa, Mohammed Mousa Salem, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Mohammed, Mohammed Najjar, Mohammed Nasr, Mohammed Osman, Mohammed Osman Dablouk, Mohammed Saeed, Mohammed Saleh A Alghamdi, Mohammed Ubaid Alsaggaf, Mohammed Yahia Mohamed Aly, Mohannad Aledrisy, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Mona Hamdy Madkor, Mona Hosh, Mona Rashad, Monica Bassem, Monique Moron Munhoz, Monty Khajanchi, Morgan Haines, Morvarid Ashtari, Mostada Samy, Mostafa Abdelkader, Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa Eldin, Mostafa Allam, Mostafa Gemeah, Mostafa Mahmoud Eid, Mostafa Qenawy, Mostafa Samy, Mostafa Seif, Mostafa Shalaby, Mousa Mustafa, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Moustafa R Aboelsoud, Msafiri Kimaro, Muayad Ahmed Alfarsi, Muhamed M H Farhan-Alanie, Muhammad Adil, Muhammad Alkelani, Muhammad Amsyar Auni Lokman, Muhammad Bin Hasnan, Muhammad Daniyan, Muhammad El-Saied Ahmad Muhammad Gohar, Muhammad Fathi Waleed Omar, Muhammad Habib Ibrahim, Muhammad Mohsin Furqan, Muhammad Rashid Minhas Qadir, Muhammad Saqlain, Muhammad Shawqi, Muhammad Talha Butt, Muhammad Taqiyuddin Yahaya, Muhammad Waqar, Muhammed Masood Riaz, Muhammed Talaat, Muhtarima Haque, Muna Rommaneh, Murad Aljiffry, Murat Karakahya, Musah Yakubu, Muslimat Alada, Mustafa Farhad, Mustafa Mohammed Taher, Muthukumaran Rangarajan, Muwaffaq Mezeil Telfah, Myint Tun, Myranda Attard, Nada Ahmed Reda Elsayed, Nada El-Sagheer, Nada Elzahed, Nada Mohamed Bekhet, Nader Abd El Hamid, Nadia Khalid Abd El-Latif, Nadia Ortiz, Nadin Elsayed, Nadya Johanna, Nahilia Carrasco, Najwa Nadeem, Naomi J Wright, Napoleon Mendez, Narimantas E Samalavicius, Nashat Ghandora, Nasir Bustangi, Natale Di Martino, Natalie Blencowe, Natalie Redgrave, Nathalie Botto, Nathania Sutandi, Nawal Sadig, Nazmie Kariem, Nebil Behar, Nebiyou Seyoum Abebe, Nebyou Seyoum, Nebyou Seyoum Abebe, Neel Gobin, Neel Limaye, Neerav Aruldas, Nehal Yosri Elsayed Abdel-Wahab, Neil Smart, Nelson Manuel Urbina Rojas, Nelson Msiska, Nerijus Kaselis, Nermeen Soubhy El-Shahat, Nermin M Badwi, Nermin Mohamed Badwi, Nesma Elfouly, Nicholas Phillips, Nichole Starr, Nicola Chetta, Nicola Zanini, Nicolas Henric, Nicole D'aguzan, Nicole Grech, Nicoleta Panait, Nicoletta Leone, Nicolò Falco, Nidhi Gyanchandani, Nigel J Hall, Nihaal Shaikh, Niiarmah Adu-Aryee, Nik Azim Nik Abdullah, Nik Ritza Kosai, Nikica Pezelj, Nikki Green, Nikolaos Gouvas, Nikolaos Ivros, Nikolaos Mitroudis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Nikolaos Zampitis, Nithya Niranjan, Niveshni Maistry, Noha Abdullah, Noha Abdullah Soliman, Noha Maraie, Noha Wael, Nohad Osman, Noman Shahzad, Nora Abdul Aziz, Norah Al Subaie, Noran Abdel-Hameed, Noran Halim El Gendy, Norbert Uzabumwana, Norberto Herrera, Norma Depalma, Nosisa Sishuba, Nouf Akeel, Noura A Attallah, Nourhan Adam, Nourhan Anwar, Nourhan Elsabbagh, Nourhan Medhat Elhadary, Nourhan Mesbah, Nourhan Semeda, Nourhan Soliman, Novia Adhitama, Nowrin F Aman, Nuno Muralha, Nur Zulaika Riswan, Nurlaila Ayu Purwaningsih, Nyawira Ngayu, Octavio Garaycochea, Oday Halhouli, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Ola Sherief Abd El Hameed, Olabisi Osagie, Olabode Oshodi, Olajide Abiola, Olalekan Ajai, Oliver Warren, Oliver Ziff, Olivier Abbo, Olivier Azzis, Olivier Rosello, Olubukola Faturoti, Olufemi Habeeb, Olumide Elebute, Oluseyi Ogunsua, Oluwaseyi Adebola, Oluwatomi Odutola, Omar Abdelkader, Omar Abdulbagi, Omar Aguilera, Omar Alahmady, Omar Arafa, Omar Ghoneim, Omar Hesham, Omar Mattar, Omar Moussa, Omar Osman, Omar Salah, Omar Saleh, Omnia Aboelmagd, Omnia Mosalum, Omobolaji O Ayandipo, Omolara Faboya, Omolara Williams, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Orestis Ioannidis, Osaid H Alser, Osama Algohary, Osama Mohamed, Osama Mohamed Salah, Osama Mokhtar Mohamed Hassan, Osama Saadeldeen Ebrahim, Osama Seifelnasr, Osman Imoro, Ossama Al-Obaedi, Otto Coyoy-Gaitan, Ourdia Bouali, Owusu Emmanuel Abem, Oyediran Kehinde Timothy, Oyindamola Oshati, Pablo Ramazzini, Pål Aksel Næss, Pamphile A Assouto, Panchali Sarmah, Pandi Eduard, Panu Mentula, Paola Salusso, Paola Violi, Paolino De Marco, Paolo Aonzo, Paolo Silvani, Paolo Ubiali, Patrizio Mao, Paul Kielty, Paul Sutton, Paul Ugalde, Paul Witherspoon, Paul Wondoh, Pauline Gastaldi, Paulius Karumnas, Paulius Kondrotas, Paulo Alves Bezerra Morais, Pedro Angel Toribio Orbegozo, Peep Talving, Pei Ying Koh, Per Weber, Per-Olof Lundgren, Peter Deutschmann, Peter Labib, Peter Wiel Monrad-Hansen, Petras Višinskas, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Philip Alexander, Philip Choi, Philip Mshelbwala, Philip Taah Amoako, Philippe Buisson, Phoebe De Bono, Phumudzo Ndwambi, Pier Paolo Grandinetti, Piergiorgio Danelli, Pierpaolo Sileri, Pietra Ligure, Pietro Mingrone, Pigeneswaren Yoganathan, Piotr Major, Poddevin Francois, Povilas Ignatavicius, Povilas Mazrimas, Prasad Pitigala Arachchi, Pratik Jain, Prince Kwakyeafriyie, Prisca A L Har, Pui Xin Chin, Puneet Malik, Puyearashid Nashidengo, Qinyang Liu, Quentin Alimi, Quentin Ballouhey, Quinn Ellison, R Goh Ern Tze, Rachel King, Rachel Moore, Radhian Amandito, Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin Dorani, Rafael Araujo, Rafael Soley, Rafał Roszkowski, Raffaele Galleano, Ragavan Narayanan, Ragnar Herikstad, Rahma Kamil, Rajeev Satoskar, Rakan Kabariti, Ralph F Staerkle, Ram Nataraja, Ramadan Oumer, Ramadan Shaker, Ramdan Shaker, Ramesh Jonnalagadda, Ramon Alvarado Jaramillo, Ramón Augusto Melo Cardozo, Rana Mamdouh, Rana Saadeh, Raquel Rodríguez-Uría, Raquillet Claire, Rasha Abdelhamed, Razvan-Matei Bratu, Reda Žilinskienė, Redouane Mammar Bennai, Reem Alyahya, Reem Fakher, Reem Husseiny, Reem Khreishi, Reem Mohammed Hassan Balila, Rehab Elashry, Reham Alaa El-Din, Reham Alshareef, Reham Saad, Renato Melo, Reuban D'cruz, Reuben Goh Ern Tze, Reynu Rajan, Rezaul Karim, Ricardo Velasquez, Richard Gilbert, Richard Lilford, Richard Opoku-Agyeman, Richard Spence, Richard William Gilbert, Richmond Hagan, Rifan Alyami, Riinu Ots, Ritauras Rakauskas, Roaa Khan, Robert George, Robert Karlo, Robert Kerley, Robert Mcintyre, Robert Morton, Robert Parker, Robert Tyler, Roberta Bugeja, Roberta Tutino, Roberta Villa, Robertas Baltrunas, Robertas Pranevicius, Roberto Cautiero, Roberto Cirocchi, Roberto Faccincani, Roberto Klappenbach, Roberto Macchiavello, Roberto Peltrini, Roberto Schiavone, Robinson Mas, Roel Matos-Puig, Rofida Elsemelawy, Roger Lawther, Roger Schmid, Rohan Ardley, Rohi Shah, Rokas Rackauskas, Rokayah Julaihi, Rokia Sakr, Roland Osuoji, Romeo Guevara, Romeo Lages Simoes, Romualdas Riauka, Ronald Coasaca Huaraya, Ronald Renato Barrionuevo Ojeda, Ronan Cahill, Rony Camacho, Rory Callan, Rosario Sacco, Rose Khreishi, Rosie Mcdonald, Ross Bowe, Ross Coomber, Rowida Elmelegy, Roxanne Chenn, Roy Quek, Rubén Balmaceda, Rubén Darío Arias Pacheco, Ruben Rivas, Ruben Santiago Restrepo Giraldo, Rudy Gunawan, Rula Zaa'treh, Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad Al-Hasani, Ruta Mazelyte, Ruth Blanco, Ruth Gratton, Ruth Scicluna, Ryan Adams, Ryan Choon Kiat Tan, Ryan Mcintosh, S V Kinnera, Saad Al Awwad, Sabbir Karim, Sabine Irtan, Sabrina Asturias, Sabrina Dardenne, Sabry Mohy Eldeen Mahmoud, Safia Ali, Safwat Al-Nahrawi, Saged Elsherbiney, Sahar Abdoun Ishag Idris, Sahar Jaber, Sahlu Wondimu, Saiba Abdul-Latif, Said Alyacoubi, Sakhaa Hanoun, Saleem El-Rabaa, Saleh A Alnuqaydan, Saleh Alqahtani, Salim Anderson Khouri Ferreira, Sally Elshanwany, Sally Hallam, Salma Magdy, Salma Mansour, Salma Said Elkolaly, Salman Aldhafeeri, Salomone Di Saverio, Salwa Khallaf, Sam Arman, Sam Debrah, Sam Seisay, Samaa Mahmoud Al Attar, Samah Afana, Samantha Corro-Diaz Gonzalez, Samar Abdelhady, Samar Adel Ismail, Samar Saad, Samar Soliman, Sameer Kushwaha, Sameh Emile, Sameh Sarsik, Sami Martin Sundstrom, Samson Olori, Samuel Essoun, Samuel Nigo, Samuel Osei-Nketiah, Samuel S Y Sii, Samuel Sani Ali, Sandip Kumar, Sandra Ahlqvist, Sandrine Kwizera, Sandro Pasquali, Sani Ali Samuel, Sanju Sobnach, Santiago Villalobos, Sara Abd Elmageed Barakat, Sara Ahmed, Sara Al-Saqqa, Sara Amr Mohamed Farouk, Sara Arafa, 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Hosh, Mona, Rashad, Mona, Bassem, Monica, Moron Munhoz, Monique, Khajanchi, Monty, Haines, Morgan, Ashtari, Morvarid, Samy, Mostada, Abdelkader, Mostafa, Ahmed Bahaa Eldin, Mostafa, Allam, Mostafa, Gemeah, Mostafa, Mahmoud Eid, Mostafa, Qenawy, Mostafa, Samy, Mostafa, Seif, Mostafa, Shalaby, Mostafa, Mustafa, Mousa, Ibrahim Mahmoud, Moustafa, R Aboelsoud, Moustafa, Kimaro, Msafiri, Ahmed Alfarsi, Muayad, H Farhan-Alanie, Muhamed M, Adil, Muhammad, Alkelani, Muhammad, Amsyar Auni Lokman, Muhammad, Bin Hasnan, Muhammad, Daniyan, Muhammad, El-Saied Ahmad Muhammad Gohar, Muhammad, Fathi Waleed Omar, Muhammad, Habib Ibrahim, Muhammad, Mohsin Furqan, Muhammad, Rashid Minhas Qadir, Muhammad, Saqlain, Muhammad, Shawqi, Muhammad, Talha Butt, Muhammad, Taqiyuddin Yahaya, Muhammad, Waqar, Muhammad, Masood Riaz, Muhammed, Talaat, Muhammed, Haque, Muhtarima, Rommaneh, Muna, Aljiffry, Murad, Karakahya, Murat, Yakubu, Musah, Alada, Muslimat, Farhad, Mustafa, Mohammed Taher, Mustafa, Rangarajan, 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A.B., Al-Shammari A., Gendy A.E., Esam A., Marey A., Mittal A., Yifieyeh A., Bin Mahamood A., Adesuyi A., Aly A.K., Nawawi A., Gyedu A., Waterman A., Osinowo A., Fatuga A., Albiety A., Hassanein A.B., Denewar A., Adekoya A., Adebanjo A., Adeyeye A., Popoola A., Adedeji A., Ademuyiwa A.O., Tade A., Adeniyi A., Adisa A.O., Tarek A., Ladukas A., Palma A.F., Hasanah A., Salleh A., Abdelfatah A., Altamini A., Fitsum A., Taiwo A., Hassan A., Ghaben A., Fattah A.A., Al Rafati A.A.R., Ibrahem A.A., Aldalaq A., Ali A., Almallah A., Alrifaie A., Ashour A., Bakr A., Bani-Sadar A., Bin Adnan A., Elbatahgy A., Faraz A., Gudal A., Hasan A., Sabe A.K., Khoja A., Nashaat A., Qaissieh A., Sabe A., Sleem A.S., Sakr A., Shalabi A., Qureshi A.U., Aamer A., El Galeel A.A., Elhusseiny A.A.E., Elsameea A.A., Abdelkareem A., Ghazy A.A., El Magd A.A., Elazayem A.A., Adamu A., Afandy A., Ahmed A., Alghamdi A., Al-Khatib A., Altibi A., Alzahrani A., Ata A., Badr A., Dahy A., Diab A., Kashash A.E., Kholy A.E., Musa A.E.K., Elgebaly A., Elkelany A., Elkholy A., El-Sehily A., Essam A., Fahiem A., Farag A., Fawzy A., Fouad A., Gad A., Ghanem A., Gheith A., Gomaa A., El-Badri Kotb A.H., Hammad A., Rida A.H.E.F., Ismail A., Karim A., Khyrallh A., Lasheen A., Rashed A.M., Magdy A., Abdelraouf A.M., Menshawy A., Meshref A., Afifi A.M., Ibrahim A.M., Mohameden A., Mokhtar A., Mosad A., Moustafa A., Saeed A.M., Negida A., Mohammed A.R., Mohamed A.R., Nayel A.R., Soliman A.R., Raslan A., Raza A., Refaat A., Rslan A., Sabry A., El-Hamouly A.S., Marey A.S., Saidbadr A., Samir A., Shahine A., Sheta A., Tammam A., Hassan A.T.A., Shamsedine A.W., Zaki A., Eldeeb A.Z., Zohair A., Kandil A.M., Elnagar A., Zil-E-Ali A., Jabbar A., Snaith A.C., Costas-Chavarri A., Austraite A., Mistry A., Olaolorun A., Ajao A.E., Jubran A.F., Shamasneh A., Abouelnasr A., Al-Buhaisi A., Bowabsak A., Jamassi A.E., Elazab A., Elhadad A., Fergany A., Habeebullah A., Shabkah A., Shaheen A., Adesina A., Baird A., Grant A., Ball A., Cacurri A., Mphatsoe A.M., Luc A.R., Matheu A., Munera A., Bedada A.G., Favero A., Maniscalco A., Calua A.C., Fowler A.J., Gerosa A., Horobjowsky A., De Sousa A.V., Farrugia A., Arnaud A.P., Russo A.A., Gulielmi A., Ababneh A., El Dahab A.A., Ata A.A.A., Niazi A.K., Kiasat A., Hammad A.M., Zardab A., Balkan A.Z.A., Toeema A.G., Sadek A., Filatau A., Latif A., Suarez A.A.B., Faure A., Niragire A., Robledo-Rabanal A., Broch A., Hasheminia A., Macdonald A., Ndajiwo A., Novak A., Mutabazi A.Z., Beleno A.E.M., Cheah A.E.Z., Elrazek A.A., Nasr A., Sanad A., Elgendy A.H., Cury A.D.L., Ibrahim A., Martin A., Althwainy A., Abouzahra A., Mohammed A.E., Kourdouli A., Hashish A., Birring A., Al Meligy A., Abdelhamid A., Majid A.H.H.A., Mohammad A., Kaci A.A., Omar A.A., Elsawy A., Bekhet A.H., Reda A., Qumbos A.A., Elmashala A., Gado A., Mohamed A.M., Mohamed A., Rasendran A., Saleh A.A., Fadel A., Hassaan A., Hossameldin A., Elkorashy A.M., Hafez A.T., Faruq A., Aglan A., Bautista A.C.M., Contreras-Vergara A.L., Barrantes A.M.S., De Freitas A.V.C., Freitas A.V., Rashid A., Abdelazeam A.R., Kirishnan A., Majbar A., Bamicha A., Stefanopoulos A., Thorell A., Das A., Dubois A., Mihaljevic A.L., Navarro A., Allegri A., Armellini A., Belli A., Bondurri A., Moran A.E.R., Natili A., Ruzzenente A., Simioni A., Haloho A., Tanase A., Kolosov A., Subocius A., Robertson A.G.N., Kirby A., McGuigan A., Spina A., Litvin A., Burmistrovas A., Strazdas A., Arenas A., Bhangu A., Rudzenskaite A., Rojas A.D.P., Dell A., Mejia A.G.V., Charles A., Antoniozzi A., Benevento A., Tselos A., El-Ma'doul A.S., Sreedharan A., Bhatnagar A., Kjellin A., Lasek A., Maffioli A., Powell A., Rinaldi A., Watts A., lo Conte A., Bigaran A., Ashton A., Mukin A.D.F., Gulbinas A., Zadoroznas A., Rulie A.S., Ajiboye A., Avoka A., Lai A.C.-H., Davor A., Sander A., Oosterkamp A., Bediako-Bowan A., Brocca A.L., Leal A., Nocito A., La Medina A.R.-D., Taddei A., Atiyeh A., Kojo A.T.T., Driscoll A., Shah A., Vlachogiorgos A., Roslani A.C., Abdelhaq A., del Pilar Paucar A., Picciariello A., Kanani A., Leppaniemi A., Birindelli A., Nesaratnam A., Suyadi A., Velasquez A.J.R., Bonnard A., Agarwal A., Alkaaki A., Vaicius A., Khamajeet A., Reinsoo A., Abouzaid A., Elfarargy A., Kedar A., Alnusairat A., Hamarshi A., Musleh A., Prabhudesai A., Maghrabi A.A., Morsi A., Mitul A.R., Abdelgelil A., Al-Aarag A.A.-R., Rezq A., Salah A., Papailia A., Badwy A., Leusink A., Khan A., Eysa A., Zulkifli A., Mahdi A., Attia A., Attia A.M., Clarissa A., Dulskas A., Parseliunas A., Zani A., Tun A.K., Mironescu A., Mironescu A.S., Scalabre A., Mariani A., Haffreingue A., Thollot A., Usaityte A., Skardziukaite A., Ibraheem A.A.F., Aboarab A., Elsharkawy A.A., El-Sawy A., Elwaey A., Firwana A., Hagar A., Fathy A.M., Ata A.Y., Hamdan A., Taher A.A., Elwan A., Nabawi A., Salman A., Shwky A., Ogunyemi A., Herebat A., Verjee A., Adenekan B., Odeyemi B., Adel B.E., Tawfik B.A., Ozkan B.B., Mohamed B., Nighat B., Albeladi B., Malaga B., Mijuskovic B., Silvestre B.P., Kumar B., Sieda B., Bello B., Alghamdi B., Magdy B., Mahmoud B., Alhassan B., Mowafy B., Brunoni B., Weber B., Sanchez B., Thompson B., Parmentier B., Limoges B., Van Duren B., Wolf B., Dousset B., Grizhja B., Lieske B., Maillot B., Mansour B., Frisk B., Diaconescu B., Martian B.-V., Marinkovic B., Skelly B., Cameron B., Dedekind B., Noukpozounkou B., Chong B.F.H.K., Kumar B.S., de Lima C.V.B., Iacono C., Fairfield C., Samaniego C.S., Cona C., Lopez-Arevalo C., Normile C., Venugopal C., Cabrera C.C.R., Torres C.P.G., Corbellini C., Basto C.A.A., Velasquez C.I.P., Morales C., Nsengiyumva C., Galvez C.P., Capito C., Fernandez C., Diaz-Zorrilla C., Duenas C.G., Felipe C.O., Clifford C., Musyoka C.K., Shaw C.A., Magee C., Muller C., Costa C., Tolg C., Wredberg C., Del Basso C., Grosos C., Mendizabal C.A.A., Miranda C., Razuri C., Ciubotaru C., Chibuye C., Alexandre C., Szeto C.C.L., Dally C., McIntyre C.J., Benyaiche C., Chong C.L., Wong C.S., Gan C., Currow C., Deane C., Goh C.C., Koh C., Yong C.O., Khatri C., Foo C.C., Fok C.Y.J., Kong C., Ceriani C., Kwatiwani C., Yip C., Tedjaatmadja C., Chong C.S., Taieb C., Tan C.L., Bode C., Lee C., Almanon C.L., Hinojosa C., Coompson C.L., Schoewe C., Neophytou C., Major C.P., Panteli C., Mizzi C., Ferousis C., Agalianos C., Anthoulakis C., Barkolias C., Dervenis C., Chai C.-A., Wong C.Y., Fahy C., Evajelista C.V., De Emergencia C., Zarb C., Ali C.D.M., Sharpin C., Puma C.M.H., Rees C.M., Morgan C., Reali C., Arcudi C., Fermani C., Fermani C.G., Nawara C., Onuoha C., Mangan C., Sampson C., Nwokoro C., Jean-Francois C., Marinos C., Mukuzunga C., Bottini C., Gouldthorpe C., Lopez C.E., Fernandes C., Chow C.Y.N., Manipal C.E., Vimalachandran D., Alkhabbaz D., Hemeda D., Brown D., Ljuhar D., Deckelbaum D.L., Jaradat D., Du Plessis D., Soeselo D.A., Cox D., Dabessa D., Rodriguez D.E.M., Hamill D., Nel D., Youssef D., Magri D., Angelieri D., Gui D., Cruz D.H., Sale D., Gbessi D.G., Andreotti D., Kazanavicius D., McCullagh D., McNish D., Merlini D., Cohen D.M., De Boni D., Rossi D., Aziz D.N.A., Grobler D.C., Schivo D., Chiesa D., Mikuckyte D., Dragatas D., Gray D., Elsorogy D.E.A.A., Elsawahly D.M.E., Zahran D., Cadogan D.D., Sanchez D., Bandoh D., Pozo D.A.R., Antezana D., Coletta D., Romani D., Sasia D., Ofner D., Duhoranenayo D., Raptis D.A., Balalis D., Manatakis D.K., Karousos D., Korkolis D., Kyziridis D., Lytras D., Papageorgiou D., Sfougaris D., Zachariades D.-C., Al-Marakby D., Rahmah D.F., Gamal D., Tarek D., Periasammy D., dos Santos D.V., Morton D., Mirghani D., Seto D.M., Cocker D.M., Nepogodiev D., Raptis D., Emadeldin D., Gamil D., Hasan D., Hasanain D., Abdelrouf D.M., Pata D., Mapasse D., Marshall D.C., O'Connor D.B., Danys D., Venskutonis D., Radkowiak D., Bowley D., Majauskyte D., Samaraweera D.I., Jethwani D.L., Iyer D., Khokha D., Paulouski D., Atkins E.T., Anis E., Domini E., Temoche E., Huaman E., Grisin E., Dainius E., Thomas E., Preckailaite E., Alnawam E., Mamdouh E., Aahlin E.K., Kefalidi E., Mensah E., Borg E., Sutanto E.P.R., Marks E., Goldin E., Muzio E., Vendramin E., Sruogiene E.Z., Ciccioli E., Jovine E., Francone E., Jensen E., Basir E.R.M., Snyder E., Teasdale E., Akoto E., Gaignard E., Haraux E., Robert E., Ali E., Gamaly E., Abdallah E., Al-Dakka E., Ahmed E.A., Aljohani E., Taha E.M.S., Al Raouf E.A., Abdelmageed E., Abuqwaider E., Sayma E.A., Elwy E., Emara E., Hashad E., Ibrahim E., Magdy E., Hegazy E.M., Abdulhakeem E.M., Ibrahim E.M., Morshedy E.M., Nofal E., Rashad E., Mansor E.Y., Barrios E., Rausa E., Nwabuoku E., De Luca E., Eyssartier E., Dijan E., Blower E., Jurdell E., Upchurch E., Acquah E., Akatibo E., Runigamugabo E., Alaloul E., Alqahtani E., Dagoe E., Tackie E., Farinella E., Ackom E., Appiah E.K., Farfan E.S.F., Hervieux E., Schadde E., Vicario E., Laugzemys E., Ahounou E.Y.S., Elbanby E., Ezzat E., Elkhalek E.A., Kasem E.A., Eldeen E.A., El-Gizawy E., Elhalawany E., El-Taher E., Gamal E., Ghanem E., Kasem E., Elbanby E.S., Zakaria E., Hany E., Courboin E., Lee E.X., Macdonald E., Niyirera E., Grasset E., Morandi E., Panieri E., Borin E., Voulgaris E., Slapelyte E., Woin E., Macdermid E., Harrison E.M., Khalifah E., Veronese E., Deichsel F., Aquilino F., Sabour F.A., Idris F., Leong F.Q.H., Rasoaherinomenjanahary F., Ali F.M., Iftekhar F., Sayed F., Balogun F., Al Bastawis F., Asi F., Nada F., Elzowawi F., El-Salam F.A., Sroor F., Baluch F., Elgendy F.I., Elkady F., Ntirenganya F., Elsherif F.A., Mohamed F., Al Barrawi F.E., Noor F., Bianco F., Falaschi F., Coccolini F., Zheng F., Zapata F., Alakaloko F., Lee F., Chai F.Y., Iskandar F., Altoe F., Frade F., Djivoh F., Espinoza F., Fernandez-Bueno F., Tale F., Andika F.F.A., Adella F.J., Di Franco F., Rahantasoa F.C.F.P., Henry F., Rahmawati F.N., Dedey F., Primavesi F., Iordache F.-M., Lam F.Y., Koumpa F., Steccanella F., Pata F., Riente F., Giardino F.R., Selvaggi F., Abantanga F., Dossou F., Fujii F., Regalado F., Helene F.-C., Schmitt F., Gyamfi F.E., Owusu F., Aristizabal F.A.N., Hodonou F., Du Toit F., Sauvat F., Wogensen F., Asele F.A., Saravia F., Pardo G., Nita G.E., Gallo G., Luglio G., Tessera G., Abdelazim G., Shimy G., Barnabas G.N., Samson G., Irwin G., El Ashal G., El Sayed G.S., Tawfik G., Humm G., Balducci G., Sila G.C.M., Ihediwa G., Sila G.M., Azzie G., Camilleri G.M., Gemenetzis G., Gkiokas G., Karabelias G., Kyrou G., Tzikos G., Perrotta G., Teufelberger G., Ahlonsou G., Minguez G., Maharaj G., Galiqi G., Elhoseny G., Nagy G.S., Al Saied G., Shamsi G.S., Nastri G., Pata G., Cocorullo G., Curletti G., Pagano G., Pellino G., Confalonieri G., Gravante G., Lauzikas G., Dawnay G., Simutis G., Vasquez G., Landolfo G., Lazzari G., Lamanna G.L., Pascale G., Pesenti G., Sgroi G., Devadasar G.H., Moreira G., Borda-Luque G., Clerico G., Rotunno G., Salamone G., Sammarco G., Lap G., Padmore G., Tugnoli G., Kouraklis G., McLachlan G., Wood G., Ziubryte G., Podevin G., Rosenberg G.S., Yong G.L., Mannu G.S., Banipal G.S., Vega G.M.M., Miguel G.P.S., Fraga G.P., Recinos G., Servin G.R.P., Shiwani H.A., Al-Farram H., Hakim H., Zidan H., Amin H.A.A., Abdulaziz H., El-Badawy H.A., Elwakil H., Tolba H., Elabdin H.Z., Hajeh H., Ahmed H., Saad H., Aliyu H., Ebdewi H., Asumah H., Waleed H., Saad H.A., Youssef H., Natalie H., Royson H., Anderson-Knight H., Burns H., Thomas H.S., Pahlsson H.-I., Lakshmi H.N., Jordan H., Ibraheem H.I., Al-Hameedi H.I.I., Arsyad H.M., Dharamshi H.A., Mostafa H.A., El-Sheemy H., Tahboub H., Kretzmann H., Rashwan H., Abudeeb H., Khaled H., Nurqistan H.D., Bougard H., Baraka H., Gamal H., Shaker H., Miyasato H.S., Mohan H., Woodward H., Franco H., Francois-Coridon H., Lohse H.A.S., Shakshouk H.A.G., Kandil H., Mahmoud H., Kotobi H., Mendel H., Nnaj H., Karismaningtyas H., Cruz H., Magdy H., Bakry H.M., Heng H.E., Thorarinsdottir H., Safa H., Samih H., Mircea H., Sar H.K., Wong H.Y., Chong H.-Y., Kordorwu H.E.K., Glover-Addy H., Decoud H.P., Salem H.K., Dawoud H., Elfeki H., Emadeldin H., Bachri H., Shiwani H., Ali H., El-Kashef H., Mohammed H., Papaskarlatos I.-A., Abdelmotaleb I., AbdelFattah I., Alhabli I., Al-Slaibi I., AlYoussef I., Elzayat I., Elzayyat I., Alomar I.N., Rakha I., Raza I., Bjorklund I., Vasquez I., Rakita I., Hassan I., Adawi I., Njokanma I., Elkadsh I., Iannone I., Havemann I., Kyriazanos I., Patoulias I., Valioulis I., Dan I., Negoi I., Diaconescu I.-B., Montes I., Ortega-Vazquez I., Amole I., Bertuello I., Hanley I., Bsisu I., El Sayed I.M., Alvarez I.I.Z., Lawani I., Al-Azraqi I.A.A., Adel I., Awad I., Qawasmi I., Restrepo I.M., Fitzgerald J.E., Almy J., Sheehan J., Botero J.A.M., Herrera-Matta J., Restrepo J., Mihanovic J., Adeniran J., Brown J., Giles J., Glasbey J., Olivier J., Pape J., Richards J., Wheeler J., Yang J., Shah J., Pagnozzi J., Salcedo J., Amin J., Pastora J., Rosales J., Coronel J., Breaud J., De La Croix Allen Ingabire J., Marret J.-B., Colombani J.-F., Lecompte J.-F., Dalli J., Youssif J.H., Meqbil J., Onimowo J., Cornick J., Jeyakumar J., Nowers J., Rickard J., Skehan J., Makama J., Ting J.R.S., Tan J.J., Stuva J.P.G., Roth J., Luiz J.S., Law J.H., Siaw J.Y., Saw J.E., Abbasy J., Song J., Quezada J.H.J., Amoako J., Wiborg J., Swann J., Carreira J.-A., Edwards J., Vincent J., Tan J.K., Clegg-Lamptey J.-N., Joosten J., Nyberg J., Schultz J.K., Larsen J.W., Bondin J., Camilleri-Brennan J.F., Mora J.J.V., Allen J.L.Y., Whitaker J., Gribauskaite J., Soreide J.A., Narvestad J.K., Ajah J., Dakubo J., Heath J., Wild J.R.L., Setiawan J., Bravo J.A.C., Cardozo J.T., Aguilar-Jimenez J., Garcia-Marin J.A., Chiong J.A.C., Costa-Maia J., Hamasaki J., Hamaguchi J.L.H., Rodicio J.L., Celis J.M.V., Azmitia J.R.A., Ye J., Awuku-Asabre J., Psaila J., Luck J., Clements J.M., Razzaque J., Correa J.C., Carpio J., Gouws J., Matta J.J.H., Carmona J.M., Delgado J.M., Kabba J., Al-Faifi J.J., Vianna J.G.P., Camilleri-Brennan J., Menegussi J., Leroux J., Rod J., Hascoet J., Jimenez J., Oh J., Kutkevicius J., Kuliavas J., Zilinskas J., Lam J.C.Y., Lando J., Li K.H.G., Leung K.W., Lee K.Y., Kabongo K., Pinnagoda K., Hewage K., Kinandu K., Bhopal K.F., Palayan K., Dabbour K., Elshaer K., Bailey K., Hilal K., Bonavia K., Lagunavicius K., Varkalys K., Cross K., Chang K.Y.-C., Reinisch K.B., Whitehurst K., Gash K., Chu K., Lee K., Connor K., Gudlaugsdottir K., Das K., Atobatele K., Janardha K.C., Koay K.L., Poh K.-S., Clement K.D., Sammut K., Tan K.S.K., Aaniana K., Johnson K., Mealy K., Thorsen K., Espinoza K.T., Pluke K., Strupas K., Conlon K.C., Abozeid K., Alhady K., Aljboor K., Dawood K., Elbisomy K.H., Ibrahim K., Khattab K., El Deen K.N., Mahmud K., Qurie K., El-Dien K.S., Bassit K.A., Boukhal K., Ashour K., Lasheen K.T., Abdelbadeai K., Khan K., Syibrah K.Z., Atkinson K., Li K.K.K., Lafferty K., Soreide K., Augestad K.M., Konstantina K., Farmakis K., Gasteratos K., Maceviciute K., Keke K.R., Zamarin K., Styles K., Jasaitis K., Jokubonis K., Cassar K., Chung K.J., Gunaseelan K., Lee K.C., Carabott K., Agbedinu K., Boakye-Yiadom K., Maison K., Asare-Bediako K., Kusi K., Aung K.P., Szeto K.J.-Y., Psarianos K., Uscinas L., Arachchige L.A.J.J., Abusalem L., Lopez L.I.P., Joel L.W.L., Gavagna L., Koskenvuo L., Lorenzon L., Luque L., Fourcade L., Abdullahi L., Ismail L., Khulu L.B., Rodriguez L.-A.M., Yeo L.S., Israelsson L., Bray L.D., Pena L., Licari L., Solaini L., Yeang L.J., Henderson L., Richardson L., Roodt L., Reza L., Urbanavicius L., Venclauskas L., Barrientos L.A.M., Andersson L., Wilson L., Nymo L., Mauro L., Muntean L.I., Muntean L., Jeremic L., Anyanwu L.-J., Ahmed L.A.M., Fuentes-Rivera L., Rodriguez L., Garcia L.S., Sproule L., Eldamaty L., Jamal L., Da Silva L.A., Sabeeh L., Samison L.H., Ansaloni L., Bortolasi L., Turati L., Duinhouwer L., Vida L.C., Fievet L., Selvaggi L., Solis L.A.Z., Chew L.S., Bonavina L., Bucci L., Cloro L.M., Laufer L.A.V., Barneo L., Florez L.J.G., Helguero-Santin L.M., Barreda L.M.A., Tale L., Giavarini L., De Castro Segundo L.C.B., Tatagiba L.S., Eisner L., Mata L.P.S., Vermaas M., Amoako-Boateng M., Dziak M.W., Jha M., Gimzewska M., Gran M., O'neill M., Mitroudi M., Boijsen M., Al-Faqawi M., Elmasry M., Hamad M.G.M., Nasr M., Tata M.D., Essam M., Farahat M.M., Elnajjar M.A., Abdelshafy M., Abdelshakour M., Abdulgawad M., Abozyed M.A.F., Alrahawy M., Amreia M., Badawy M., Eldafrawy M., Elfiky M., Maher M.E., Elkhadrawi M., Moghazy M.E., Gomah M., Saad M.M., Metwally M.M., Morsi M., Saad M., Saami M., Salama M., Salma M., Shalaby M., Warda M., Zakaria M., Yuksek M.A., Javaid M., Estee M.M., Ebidy M., Ebidy M.M., Careta M.C., Marcus M., Dabboor M., Aboelella M., Dayie M., Elsayed M., Falzon M., Hassan M., Sund M., Leung M.F., Yeung M.H.A., Abd-Elmawla M., Saeed M., Drungilas M., Jokubauskas M., Vilcinskas M., Roxas M.F., Hache-Marliere M., Lopez M., Castro M.R., Mendez M., Dar M., Abu-Toyour M., Salah M., Higgins Roche M.O., Catani M., Pascale M.M., Migliore M., De Leon M.Z.P., O'Shea M., Montrimaite M., Notarnicola M., Hussain M., Arango M.C.M., Grella M.G., Hjertberg M., Lanau M.I.V., Mano M.J.B., Aguilera M.L., Modolo M.M., Mayasari M., Ringressi M.N., Montejo M.S.G., Merlo M.S., Utter M., Valcarcel-Saldana M., Aguilera-Arevalo M.-L., Darweesh M., Gad M.O., Aboul-Naga M.S., Giglio M.C., Malavenda M., Lapitan M.C., Parreno-Sacdalan M.D., Paul M., Renaux-Petel M., Agius M., Del Carmen Escalante Salas M., Dickfos M., Pimenta M.L., Urquizu M.C., Corbellino M., Jacobe M., Pasini M., Trompetto M., Leal M., Manriquez-Reyes M., Popa M., Hampton M.I., Sykes M., Wagener M., Zuber M., Bliksoen M., Glynn M., Jarmin M., Kyereh M., Perino M., Shawky M.Y., Vella-Baldacchino M., Vargas M., Altarayra M., Elashmawy M., Elshobary M., Hamdan M., Sayed M., Abubakr M., Fahim M., Shawki M., Khan M.A., Shubianok M., Al-Mousa M., Alghamdi M., Jawaid M., Machaca M., Dal Canto M., Coletti M., Pazuskis M., Bratu M., Bratu M.R., Rubinkiewicz M., Papandrea M., Ripa M., Ekow M., 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Elebute O., Ogunsua O., Adebola O., Odutola O., Abdelkader O., Abdulbagi O., Aguilera O., Alahmady O., Arafa O., Ghoneim O., Hesham O., Mattar O., Moussa O., Osman O., Salah O., Saleh O., Aboelmagd O., Mosalum O., Ayandipo O.O., Faboya O., Williams O., Adesanya O., Ioannidis O., Alser O.H., Algohary O., Mohamed O., Salah O.M., Hassan O.M.M., Ebrahim O.S., Seifelnasr O., Imoro O., Al-Obaedi O., Coyoy-Gaitan O., Bouali O., Abem O.E., Timothy O.K., Oshati O., Ramazzini P., Naess P.A., Assouto P.A., Sarmah P., Eduard P., Mentula P., Salusso P., Violi P., De Marco P., Aonzo P., Silvani P., Ubiali P., Mao P., Kielty P., Sutton P., Ugalde P., Witherspoon P., Wondoh P., Gastaldi P., Karumnas P., Kondrotas P., Morais P.A.B., Orbegozo P.A.T., Talving P., Koh P.Y., Weber P., Lundgren P.-O., Deutschmann P., Labib P., Monrad-Hansen P.W., Visinskas P., Gultom P.A., Alexander P., Choi P., Mshelbwala P., Amoako P.T., Buisson P., De Bono P., Ndwambi P., Grandinetti P.P., Danelli P., Sileri P., Ligure P., Mingrone P., Yoganathan P., Major P., Francois P., Ignatavicius P., Mazrimas P., Arachchi P.P., Jain P., Kwakyeafriyie P., Har P.A.L., Chin P.X., Malik P., Nashidengo P., Liu Q., Alimi Q., Ballouhey Q., Ellison Q., Tze R.G.E., King R., Moore R., Amandito R., Dorani R.M.N.R., Araujo R., Soley R., Roszkowski R., Galleano R., Narayanan R., Herikstad R., Kamil R., Satoskar R., Kabariti R., Staerkle R.F., Nataraja R., Oumer R., Shaker R., Jonnalagadda R., Jaramillo R.A., Cardozo R.A.M., Mamdouh R., Saadeh R., Rodriguez-Uria R., Claire R., Abdelhamed R., Bratu R.-M., Zilinskiene R., Bennai R.M., Alyahya R., Fakher R., Husseiny R., Khreishi R., Balila R.M.H., Elashry R., El-Din R.A., Alshareef R., Saad R., Melo R., D'cruz R., Rajan R., Karim R., Velasquez R., Gilbert R., Lilford R., Opoku-Agyeman R., Spence R., Gilbert R.W., Hagan R., Alyami R., Ots R., Rakauskas R., Khan R., George R., Karlo R., Kerley R., McIntyre R., Morton R., Parker R., Tyler R., Bugeja R., Tutino R., Villa R., 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- Subjects
surgical unmetneed ,no keywords listed ,appendicitis ,global surgery ,Financial Stress ,Health Care Costs ,Appendicitis ,Financial Stre ,Health Care Cost ,Cost of Illness ,Humans ,appendicitis,economic burden, surgery ,Surgery ,Appendiciti ,Human - Abstract
Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and $73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and $75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially.
- Published
- 2022
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