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Human renal arteries are characterized by a wide range of variability. This study aimed to detect the variations of the renal arteries, make measurements in cadaveric samples and, based on a review of the literature, to compare results with those already published. Materials and Methods. At the Department of Morphology, kidneys of the formalin-fixed five cadavers were used for this study. Renal arteries and kidneys were explored, measured, and anatomical variations were noted. Results. Main renal arteries originated from the aorta, mainly at the L2 level. The right main renal arteries’ mean length, diameter, and angle were 40.4 mm, 6.1 mm, and 75.6°, but the left - 32.2 mm, 6.0 mm, and 84.0°. The right accessory renal artery’s mean length, diameter, and angle were 65.0 mm, 3.5 mm, and 115°, but left - 68.0 mm, 1.3 mm, and 74°. The mean length and width of the right kidney were 11.6 cm and 6.5 cm, and the left - 11.8 cm and 7.5 cm. The origins of the renal segmental arteries and prehilar branching patterns were variable. Conclusions. Detection of anatomy of the renal arteries may affect pathogenesis, clinical manifestations of various diseases, and the choice of methods of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]