1. A promising approach for treatment of tumor-induced bone diseases: utilizing bisphosphonate derivatives of nucleoside antimetabolites.
- Author
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Reinholz MM, Zinnen SP, Dueck AC, Dingli D, Reinholz GG, Jonart LA, Kitzmann KA, Bruzek AK, Negron V, Abdalla AK, Arendt BK, Croatt AJ, Sanchez-Perez L, Sebesta DP, Lönnberg H, Yoneda T, Nath KA, Jelinek DF, Russell SJ, Ingle JN, Spelsberg TC, Dixon HB, Karpeisky A, and Lingle WL
- Subjects
- Animals, Antimetabolites pharmacology, Bone Density drug effects, Bone Diseases physiopathology, Bone and Bones drug effects, Bone and Bones pathology, Bone and Bones physiopathology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Diphosphonates chemistry, Diphosphonates pharmacology, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, SCID, Multiple Myeloma pathology, Neoplasm Transplantation, Nucleosides pharmacology, Organ Size drug effects, Tumor Burden drug effects, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Antimetabolites therapeutic use, Bone Diseases drug therapy, Bone Diseases etiology, Diphosphonates therapeutic use, Neoplasms complications, Nucleosides therapeutic use
- Abstract
Despite palliative treatments, tumor-induced bone disease (TIBD) remains highly debilitating for many cancer patients and progression typically results in death within two years. Therefore, more effective therapies with enhanced anti-resorptive and cytotoxic characteristics are needed. We developed bisphosphonate-chemotherapeutic conjugates designed to bind bone and hydrolyze, releasing both compounds, thereby targeting both osteoclasts and tumor cells. This study examined the effects of our lead compound, MBC-11 (the anhydride formed between arabinocytidine (AraC)-5'-phosphate and etidronate), on bone tumor burden, bone volume, femur bone mineral density (BMD), and overall survival using two distinct mouse models of TIBD, the 4T1/luc breast cancer and the KAS-6/1-MIP1alpha multiple myeloma models. In mice orthotopically inoculated with 4T1/luc mouse mammary cells, MBC-11 (0.04 microg/day; s.c.) reduced the incidence of bone metastases to 40% (4/10), compared to 90% (9/10; p=0.057) and 100% (5/5; p=0.04) of PBS- or similarly-dosed, zoledronate-treated mice, respectively. MBC-11 also significantly decreased bone tumor burden compared to PBS- or zoledronate-treated mice (p=0.021, p=0.017, respectively). MBC-11 and zoledronate (0.04 microg/day) significantly increased bone volume by two- and four-fold, respectively, compared to PBS-treated mice (p=0.005, p<0.001, respectively). In mice systemically injected with human multiple myeloma KAS-6/1-MIP1alpha cells, 0.04 and 4.0 microg/day MBC-11 improved femur BMD by 13% and 16%, respectively, compared to PBS (p=0.025, p=0.017, respectively) at 10 weeks post-tumor cell injection and increased mean survival to 95 days compared to 77 days in mice treated with PBS (p=0.047). Similar doses of zoledronate also improved femur BMD (p< or =0.01 vs PBS) and increased mean survival to 86 days, but this was not significantly different than in PBS-treated mice (p=0.53). These results demonstrate that MBC-11 decreases bone tumor burden, maintains bone structure, and may increase overall survival, warranting further investigation as a treatment for TIBD., (2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
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