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New Cu(II) and Co(III) complexes were synthesized from reaction of 3-((E)-1-(((E)-4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazono)ethyl)-8-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (HL) with Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and Co(NO3)2·6H2O in methanol. The synthesized compounds were characterized by various analytical and spectral (IR, UV-Vis, NMR, EPR, ESI-MS and HR-MS) techniques. From the spectral studies, we concluded that the formation of the ligand and complexes. In the copper complex with formula of [Cu2(L)(NO3)3(H2O)], HL coordinated to copper ion via azomethine nitrogen, lactone oxygen, azomethine nitrogen and oxalate oxygen atoms. In cobalt complex, the ligand coordinated to cobalt ion via ring carbonyl oxygen, azomethine nitrogen, oxalate oxygen and azomethine nitrogen, and the complex is of ML2 type with the general formula [CoL2]·2NO3. The cytotoxic nature of the compounds was analyzed with human liver cancer cells (HepG2) and human breast cancer cells (MM2), in which the complexes exhibited a comparable activity than the positive control cisplatin. The IC50 values of the compounds were greater than 200 μM for non-cancerous human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells, indicating selectivity of the compounds towards cancer cells rather than normal cells. The apoptogenic natures of the complexes with HepG2 and MM2 cancer cells were confirmed using AO-EB and DAPI staining assays. These results revealed the possibility of developing highly active cobalt and copper complexes as anticancer agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A set of mononuclear ruthenium complexes, i.e. [Ru(Dg)(C6H6)Cl2] (RuBDg), [Ru(Dg)((p-cymene)Cl2] (RuCDg) were synthesized using a phytosteroid diosgenin (Dg) as ligand. The formulations and characterizations of the complexes were achieved through elemental analyses, infrared, electronic absorption, electron paramagnetic resonances, mass spectrometric analysis, and molar conductance studies. Ruthenium ion is octahedrally coordinated to the oxygen of diosgenin, one arene moiety and two chlorides. An assessment of the antioxidant activities of the compounds indicated better scavenging ability against ABTS•+, DPPH•, O2−, NO• and OH− radicals. The metal complexes showed activity towards free radicals compared to the parent diosgenin. The anticancer activities of diosgenin and the ruthenium complexes were evaluated by MTT assay against the human lung cancer cell line (A549) and cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa), with cisplatin as a reference. RuCDg exhibited potent ability to kill A549 and HeLa cancer cells with IC50 values of 5.8 ± 0.5 µM and 5.5 ± 0.6 µM, respectively. Similarly, RuBDg showed activity towards A549 and HeLa cancer cells with IC50 values of 16 ± 1 µM and 12 ± 1 µM, respectively. These values are better than that of free diosgenin (A549 − 48 ± 2 µM and HeLa − 43 ± 1 µM). The morphological changes of the HeLa and A549 cells with the complexes, studied by AO-EB and DAPI staining methods, suggested cell death through apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new ruthenium(II)-complexes, [Ru(Ang)((benzene)Cl2] (RuB-Ang) and [Ru(Ang)((p-cymene)Cl2] (RuC-Ang), were synthesized using andrographolide (Ang) as a ligand with [RuCl2(arene)]2 (arene = benzene or p-cymene) and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. These techniques ascertained the formation of the complexes. An assessment of the antioxidant activity of the compounds indicated better scavenging activity against ABTS•+, DPPH•, O2−, NO• and OH− radicals. The cytotoxic activities of RuB-Ang and RuC-Ang have been evaluated against A549 (human lung) and HeLa (human cervical) cancer cell lines. The complexes exhibited superior anticancer activity to cisplatin and was non-toxic towards human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells. The morphological changes of the HeLa and A549 cells with the complexes have been studied by AO-EB and DAPI staining methods. The cytotoxic nature of the compounds was RuC-Ang > RuB-Ang > cisplatin > ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A new nanocomposite (CNC) appending NiO and Co 3 O 4 was synthesized by facile and eco-friendly manner. • The synthesized CNC NPs used for energy storage applications. • The synthesized CNC possessed good electrochemical stability, reversibility and structural stability for energy storage. • The CNC acted as good radical scavenger for the series of radicals such as DPPH•, ABTS_+, NO_, OH•, O2– with the substantial activity. • The CNC showed promising apoptogenic nature with MM2 and HepG2 cancer cells. Transition metallic mixed oxides have received a lot of curiosity due to their exceptional electrochemical performance and incredibly low cost for hybrid supercapacitors. Herein, we report a facile synthetic approach of cobalt nickel oxide (CNC) composites from Carica papaya leaf extract. The synthesized mixed oxide composite was analyzed by various spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV–Vis, Powder XRD, SEM-EDAX, TEM and XPS). The electrochemical behavior of CNC was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) method in 2 M KOH solution. The composites exhibit specific capacitance of 289.28 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 demonstrating improved charge storage. The electrode retains 81 % of its specific capacitance from the initial value after repeated charge–discharge processes for 2000 cycles. In addition to the electrochemical studies, biological activities such as anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities of the CNC were examined. The radical scavenging activity of CNC was assessed with different radicals such as DPPH•, ABTS+., NO–, OH•, O2– and the acquired results showed that the composites possessed substantial activity. Anticancer activity of CNC was studied against HepG2 and MM2 cancer cells and the CNC possessed significant activity with the IC 50 value of 45.8 and 38.3 µg/ml respectively compared with the standard drug cisplatin. Further apoptogenic nature of the CNC was confirmed with DAPI staining assay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four different mononuclear palladium(II) complexes of 3‐acetyl‐8‐methoxycoumarin Schiff bases were synthesized and characterized by spectrochemical techniques. Further analysis through X‐ray crystallography confirmed the structures of the complexes. Their interactive ability with Calf Thymus DNA and protein (Bovine Serum Albumin and Human Serum Albumin) were investigated by means of absorption and emission methods. The intercalative mode of binding with DNA was supported by EB displacement studies and viscosity measurements. Configurational changes that occurred in the proteins have been analysed with the help of 3D fluorescence studies. The complexes were shown to have good antimicrobial activity against the tested bacterial and fungal pathogens. In addition, antiproliferative activity of the complexes was evaluated on A549 and MCF‐7 cell lines and the complexes were comparatively more active than the standard drug cisplatin. Among the compounds, complex 3 was the most effective against MCF‐7 (IC50 value of 5.20 ± 0.15 μM) and A549 (5.09 ± 0.13 μM) compared with the other complexes 1 (6.48 ± 0.17 μM; 5.98 ± 0.09 μM), 2 (5.53 ± 0.12 μM; 5.85 ± 0.11 μM), 4 (6.73 ± 0.19 μM; 6.63 ± 0.16 μM) and cisplatin (16.79 ± 0.08 μM; 15.10 ± 0.05 μM) respectively. LDH and NO release assays confirmed the cytotoxic potential of the synthesized complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of 3-acetyl-8-methoxycoumarin appended thiosemicarbazones ( 1 – 4 ) was prepared from the reaction of 3-acetyl-8-methoxycoumarin with 4( N )-substituted thiosemicarbazides in a view of ascertaining their biological properties with the change of N -terminal substitution in the thiosemicarbazide moiety. Comprehensive characterization was brought about by various spectral and analytical methods. The molecular structures of all the compounds were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Binding studies with Calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and proteins such as Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Human Serum Albumin (HSA) indicated an intercalative mode of binding with DNA and static quenching mechanism with proteins. The compounds cleaved plasmid DNA (pBR322) and acted well as free radical scavengers. A good spectrum of antimicrobial activity was observed against four bacterial and five fungal pathogens. The compounds exhibited profound antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and A549 (human lung carcinoma) cell lines. Assay on human normal keratinocyte cell line HaCaT showed that the compounds were non-toxic to normal cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Four organometallic Ru(II) complexes of 4-oxo-4 H -chromene-3-carbaldehyde Schiff base derivatives have been prepared. • CT-DNA and BSA/HSA binding studies were carried out. • MTT assay on A549 and MCF-7 cells revealed their anticancer activity. • The complexes were able to inhibit antimicrobial growth in the tested fungal and bacterial species. • Overall, the complex C3 possessed the highest activity with respect to the ligands and other complexes. Four Ru(II) carbonyl complexes of 4-oxo-4 H -chromene-3-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazones (C1 - C4) were synthesized and characterized through spectroscopic techniques. The coordination behaviour of the ligands to the metal ion was confirmed by solving the single crystal X-ray structure of a representative complex C4 , in which the ligand showed coordination via the C2 carbon of the chromone ring, the azomethine nitrogen and thiolate sulfur. The interaction with DNA and protein showed a good binding profile of the complexes. Antimicrobial effects of the complexes were tested against bacterial and fungal strains, for which a significant activity was observed. Furthermore, MTT assay on A549 and MCF-7 cell lines indicated the cytotoxic potential of the synthesized complexes, overcoming the cisplatin activity under similar experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Four octahedral Co(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized. • Partial intercalation with DNA and static quenching with BSA was established. • MTT assay on A549 and MCF-7 cells revealed their anticancer activity • The complexes showed significant microbial activity. • Complex 3 possessed better biological activity than the ligands and other complexes. The present work deals with the synthesis and characterization of four Co(III) complexes derived from 7-hydroxy-4-oxo-4 H -chromene-3-carbaldehyde-4(N)-substituted thiosemicarbazones. Structural confirmation of the complexes 2 and 3 were aided by X-ray crystallographic analysis, which revealed the coordination of azomethine nitrogen, ring carbonyl oxygen and thiol sulfur atoms of the ligands. DNA and Bovine serum albumin (BSA) binding studies brought about the binding ability of the complexes to biomolecules. The binding constant values calculated for the complexes were in the range (0.30–1.19) × 106 M−1 and the mode of interaction was found to be partially intercalative. The mechanism of quenching with BSA was static with quenching constants in the order 1012 M−1s−1. Their antimicrobial profile has been established by testing against four pathogenic bacterial and fungal species. The cytotoxic potential of the complexes were examined against MCF-7 and A549 cells by MTT assay. The IC 50 values of the complexes were less than cisplatin , which indicated their greater activity over the standard drug. In addition, testing on human normal keratinocyte cells HaCaT indicated their non toxic nature. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Nitric oxide (NO) release assays supported the cytotoxic ability and suggested apoptotic mode of cell death induced by the complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four binuclear Ni(II) complexes [ [Ni 2 (H-DEAsal-tsc) 2 (μ-dppm)]·2Cl (1) , [Ni 2 (DEAsal-mtsc) 2 (μ-dppm)] (2) , [Ni 2 (DEAsal-etsc) 2 (μ-dppm)] (3) and [Ni 2 (DEAsal-ptsc) 2 (μ-dppm)] (4) ] were synthesized from the ligands namely 4(N , N)-diethylaminosalicylaldehyde-4(N)-thiosemicarbazone [ H 2 - DEAsal-tsc ] H 2 L 1 /4(N , N)-diethylaminosalicylaldehyde-4(N)-methyl thiosemicarbazone [ H 2 - DEAsal-mtsc ] H 2 L 2 /4(N , N)-diethylaminosalicylaldehyde-4(N)-ethyl thiosemicarbazone [ H 2 - DEAsal-etsc ] H 2 L 3 /4(N , N)diethylaminosalicylaldehyde-4(N)-phenyl thiosemicarbazone [ H 2 - DEAsal-ptsc ] H 2 L 4 and 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) and characterized by a number of spectro analytical techniques. The molecular structure of complexes [Ni 2 (H-DEAsal-tsc) 2 (μ-dppm)]·2Cl (1) and [Ni 2 (DEAsal-ptsc) 2 (μ-dppm)] (4) have been confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The analysis indicated that in complex 1 , the ligand [ H 2 -DEAsal-tsc ] coordinated as monobasic tridentate donor through phenolic oxygen, azomethine nitrogen and thione sulfur atoms. However, in complex 4 , the ligand [ H 2 -DEAsal-ptsc ] behaved as dibasic tridentate donor with thiolate sulfur coordination. Their ability to bind with Calf Thymus Deoxyribonucleic acid (CT-DNA) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) were analysed spectrometrically. Intercalative interaction of the complexes with DNA was confirmed by ethidium bromide (EB) displacement studies and DNA viscosity measurements. The interaction mechanism of the complexes with BSA was found as static. In vitro antiproliferative studies of the ligands and complexes in A549 (human lung carcinoma cancer), MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and HeLa (human cervical cancer) cell lines witnessed significant cytotoxic nature of the complexes with low IC 50 values (in μM) than the standard metallo-drug cisplatin. Further, the results of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Nitric oxide (NO) release assays supported the effectiveness of the complexes on the above said cancer cells. Unlabelled Image • Four binuclear Ni(II) Schiff base complexes were synthesized and characterized. • Molecular structures of complexes 1 and 4 were confirmed by crystallographic studies. • Binding with Calf Thymus Deoxyribonucleic acid and Bovine Serum Albumin were analysed. • IC 50 values of complexes were less than cisplatin against A549, MCF-7 and HeLa cells. • Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide (NO) release assays were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]