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Aim: Compare frequency of isolation of polioviruses in children living in closed-type facilities (orphanages) before and after the change in poliomyelitis vaccination scheme., Materials and Methods: Feces samples of 207 children from 5 orphanages during immunization with oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) and of 259 children from 4 orphanages during vaccination with inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) were studied. Isolation and identification of polioviruses was carried out according to WHO recommendations., Results: In orphanages, where children were immunized with the oral vaccines, 21 polioviruses were isolated. In orphanages, where only inactivated vaccine was used, 10 polioviruses were isolated, the presence of polioviruses in these facilities is associated with their introduction from the outside. The percentage of poliovirus detection in children immunized with OPV was shown to be 16.9 ± 3.4% and was significantly higher than in children vaccinated with IPV (6.1 ± 1.9%). Polioviruses isolated from children immunized with OPV belonged to serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in 19.0, 14.3 and 66.7% of cases, respectively. Polioviruses detected in children immunized with IPV belonged to serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in 30, 40 and 30% of cases, respectively. All the isolated polioviruses turned out to be Sabin vaccine strains., Conclusion: Implementation of strict prophylaxis measures in orphanages is necessary in order to prevent the possibility of introduction, transmission and circulation of polioviruses. Improvement of control in children from closed-type facilities will ensure maintenance of Russian Federation status as the country free of poliomyelitis.

Aim: Analyze the state of population immunity to polioviruses in children population of 14 administrative territories of the Russian Federation., Materials and Methods: Antibody titers against reference vaccine poliovirus serotypes 1, 2 and 3 were determined by using neutralization reaction in cell culture Hep-2., Results: Several years after the termination of conduction of National immunizations days the percent of seronegative children was shown to increase, especially to poliovirus serotype 3, in most of the territories. Possible reasons for fluctuation of geometric mean antibody titers against polioviruses in children in various territories as well as in various years in the same territory were established., Conclusion: Quality vaccine prophylaxis and control of population immunity state among children population play an important role in the maintenance of Russian Federation status as a country is free from poliomyelitis.

The injection of anti-influenza antibodies into rabbits induces a specific immune response, including the production of anti-idiotypic antibodies and then the production of immune complexes and anti-influenza antibodies. The injection of antibodies induces the development of immunological memory; as a result, the animals are primed to respond to the injection of influenza vaccine.

The injection of inactivated and live influenza virus into rabbits induces the formation of anti-idiotypic antibodies, appearing after anti-influenza hemagglutinins, in the blood. The presence of immune complexes antibody--anti-idiotypic antibody in the blood of the animals has been established. The booster immunization of the animals with influenza virus antigens produces a rise in the levels of both idiotypic and anti-idiotypic antibodies. The injection of autologous anti-idiotypic globulin into the primed animals ensures the induction of idiotypic and anti-idiotypic revaccinal reactions.