Search

In the current investigation, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles were sustainably synthesized utilizing an extract derived from the Rumex dentatus plant through a green synthesis approach. The Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques were used to examine the compositional, morphological, optical, and thermal properties of both samples. The doping of iron into ZnO NPs has significantly influenced their properties. The analysis firmly established that both ZnO NPs and Fe-doped ZnO NPs have hexagonal wurtzite structures and spherical shapes by XRD and SEM. The EDX analysis suggests that iron atoms have been successfully integrated into the ZnO lattice. The change in color observed during the reaction indicated the formation of nanoparticles. The UV–vis peaks at 364 nm and 314 nm confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs and Fe-doped ZnO NPs, respectively. The band gap of ZnO NPs by Fe dopant displayed a narrowing effect. This indicates that adding iron ions to ZnO NPs offers a control band gap. The thermal study TGA revealed that Fe-doped ZnO NPs remain stable when heated up to 600 °C. The antibacterial efficacy of ZnO NPs and Fe-doped ZnO NPs was evaluated against several bacterial strains. The evaluation is based on the zone of inhibition (ZOI). Both samples exhibited excellent antibacterial properties as compared to conventional pharmaceutical agents. These results suggest that synthesizing nanoparticles through plant-based methods is a promising approach to creating versatile and environmentally friendly biomedical products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, many studies have shown various beneficial effects of polyphenol resveratrol (Res) on human health. The most important of these effects include cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, osteoinductive, and anti-microbial effects. Resveratrol has cis and trans isoforms, with the trans isoform being more stable and biologically active. Despite the results of in vitro experiments, resveratrol has limited potential for application in vivo due to its poor water solubility, sensitivity to oxygen, light, and heat, rapid metabolism, and therefore low bioavailability. The possible solution to overcome these limitations could be the synthesis of resveratrol in nanoparticle form. Accordingly, in this study, we have developed a simple, green solvent/non-solvent physicochemical method to synthesize stable, uniform, carrier-free resveratrol nanobelt-like particles (ResNPs) for applications in tissue engineering. UV–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) was used to identify the trans isoform of ResNPs which remained stable for at least 63 days. The additional qualitative analysis was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while X-ray diffraction (XRD) determined the monoclinic structure of resveratrol with a significant difference in the intensity of diffraction peaks between commercial and nano-belt form. The morphology of ResNPs was evaluated by optical microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) that revealed a uniform nanobelt-like structure with an individual thickness of less than 1 μm. Bioactivity was confirmed using Artemia salina in vivo toxicity assay, while 2,2–diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylhydrate (DPPH) reduction assay showed the good antioxidative potential of concentrations of 100 μg/ml and lower. Microdilution assay on several reference strains and clinical isolates showed promising antibacterial potential on Staphylococci, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) being 800 μg/ml. Bioactive glass-based scaffolds were coated with ResNPs and characterized to confirm coating potential. All of the above make these particles a promising bioactive, easy-to-handle component in various biomaterial formulations. Graphical Abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this research work was to develop controlled drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were selected as a nanocarrier for the selected antibiotic drugs tetracycline, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin. CSNPs were prepared from chitosan solution by using tripolyphosphate (TPP) via ionic gelation method. Then the prepared high performance CSNPs were loaded with three different antibiotics to form nanocomposite from antibiotic loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Then the prepared nanocomposite used as superior antibacterial materials with minimum toxicity. Samples of cotton (100%) and (50:50) cotton/polyester blended fabrics were treated with different concentrations of this composite to impart antibacterial activity. Results showed that the treated fabrics with chitosan nanoparticles and its nanocomposite with different antibiotics were inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis exposed the embedding of chitosan nanoparticles into fabrics and their antibiotics loaded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes the hydrothermal synthesis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using Mint extract agent. A mixture of 0.1 M copper nitrate and a mint extract was hydrothermally treated at a temperature of 180 °C for two hours. Meanwhile, the Mint leaf extract had reduced the copper ions of the nanoparticles after five minutes, resulting in dark-green precipitation. The structural and optical properties of the nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The nanoparticles showed a simple cubic structure with a crystallite size range of 22 nm ‒ 25 nm. According to the UV-Vis spectrum, an absorption peak was observed at 346 nm. The antibacterial activity was checked against Escherichia coli (E-coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B-subtilis) cultures by which the inhibition zones were found to be 35 mm and 38 mm, respectively. It is concluded that the CuO NPs have a good ability to resist microbes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes the hydrothermal synthesis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using Mint extract agent. A mixture of 0.1 M copper nitrate and a mint extract was hydrothermally treated at a temperature of 180 °C for two hours. Meanwhile, the Mint leaf extract had reduced the copper ions of the nanoparticles after five minutes, resulting in dark-green precipitation. The structural and optical properties of the nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The nanoparticles showed a simple cubic structure with a crystallite size range of 22 nm ‒ 25 nm. According to the UV-Vis spectrum, an absorption peak was observed at 346 nm. The antibacterial activity was checked against Escherichia coli (E-coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B-subtilis) cultures by which the inhibition zones were found to be 35 mm and 38 mm, respectively. It is concluded that the CuO NPs have a good ability to resist microbes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metals that contain nanomaterials have the potential to be employed in controlling different kinds of infection, however, very limited information is known about their antibacterial properties. This study has been done to investigate the nanosynthesis titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs) using Streptococcus thermophilus and analyzing their biological actions as antibacterial. The bacterial isolates identified using universal primers 16S rRNA; then the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequences were aligned with the nucleotide sequences of strains obtained from the GeneBank through the software CLUSTAL X (version 1.82). Titanium nanoparticles were nanosynthesized by adding 0.025M titanium dioxide (TiO2) into cell-free supernatant for Streptococcus thermophilus. TiO2 was used as a precursor for nanobiosynthesis TiNPs. The formation of TiNPs was indicated by the color alteration of the solution from the light brown into dark brown indicates for the production of TiNPs. The Characterization of nanobiosynthesis was accomplished with UV-Visible (absorbance at 377nm), Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction, Atomic Force Microscope, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to distinguish the dimension, form (spherical) by SEM, dispersal (homogenous) and elemental analysis of nanoparticles. Biogenic TiNPs have displayed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against both multidrugresistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. As an antibacterial activity, the TiNPs inhibited significantly K.pneumoniae (20 mm) with concentration (500 μg/ml), and S. aureus (16 mm) with the same concentration and increasing the concentration of TiNPs the inhibition zone increased. While as antibiofilm activity of TiNPs using the tube method, the tubes containing bacterial suspension K.pneumoniae and S.aureus with TiNPs, the results demonstrated that the biofilm formation was prevented and removed by the effect of TiNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biological application of nanoparticles is very much interesting and increasinglyrecognized for their utility especially in bio-nanomedicine. The present investigation was chamical synthesis of cadmium nanoparticles by using hydrothermal method at different pHs (2, 5, 7, 9, and 11) then calcinated at 500 oC for 1 hr, after that these samples prepared doping by gold nanoparticles by using a photo-deposition method. and toxic effect onprokaryotic pathogens. XRD and FESEM analysis of the CdS NPs and Au/CdS indicated that they are in varying size from 20 to 100 nm size. Antibacterialactivity of Cds and Au/CdS nanoparticles against clinical isolates of Gram negativeE.coli. Au/Cds NPs showed higher inhibitory effect thanCdS NPs on E.coli bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palladium, the building block of white gold, has been found to exhibit extraordinary properties in nanotechnological products produced in recent years. The most prominent feature of palladium is adsorbing and storing high levels of hydrogen. Therefore, the demand for palladium in the world increased excessively in the 2000s. In the present study, palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were biosynthesized by the extract of Diospyros kaki leaves as bio-stimulator. D. kaki, also called persimmon, was collected in a local area in Istanbul Turkey. PdNP formation was screened by analyzing UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 250-550nm. The nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscope which revealed that the biosynthesized PdNPs were in sizes ranging from 50 to 120 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy applied on both D. kaki leaf extract and PdNPs was used to decide on the reactive groups managing the reduction of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. Also, the PdNPs showed reasonably proficient antibacterial efficacy for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the zones of inhibition were found as 18 and 10.5 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized under ambient temperature by wet chemical method and evaluated their antibacterial activity by the means of well diffusion method. In this study, we have analyzed the effect of NaBH4 concentration on the synthesis of CuNPs. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was occurred at 575 nm. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs shows CuNPs have spherical morphology with size range of 20-40 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed the particles size increases with the concentration of reducing agent NaBH4. As prepared, CuNPs, demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The potential mechanism of antibacterial activity was discussed with diagrammatic representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles and its dopants have been widely studied for their antibacterial activity. In the present study a novel method was designed to synthesize Star shaped Copper doped Cadmium Sulfide (Cu:CdS) nanoparticles. Their morphology was studied by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and it was characterized by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Photo Luminescence. The doping was confirmed by the band shift in graph of UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The study aims to find the relation between shape and antibacterial properties of the nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of Star shaped and spherical shaped Copper dopped CdS nanoparticles was performed on Serratia marcescens. Star shaped copper doped CdS nanoparticles showed higher antibacterial effect while spherical shaped Copper doped CdS nanoparticles had slightly lower inhibition activity. The antibacterial effect was also studied on ampicillin and streptomycin resistant strain of Staphylococcus. In this also star shaped nanoparticles showed higher inhibition zone than spherical nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) on the mechanical and thermal properties of ground waste concrete inorganic polymers (GWC IPs) has been investigated. NPs are added to GWC IPs at loadings of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2% w/w. The phase composition and microstructure of NPs GWC IPs have also been examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS) techniques. Results show that the mechanical properties of GWC IPs are improved (23 MPa) due to addition of NPs (1% ZnO). In particular, GWC IPs embedded with 0.5% CuO and 1% ZnO NPs exhibited relatively improved compressive strength. The addition of NPs decreases the macroporosity and increases the mesoporosity of IPs matrix and decreases relatively the ability of IPs matrix to water absorption. The antimicrobial activity of GWC IPs doped with 0.5 and 1% CuO NPs against E. coli was also determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]