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Axenic cultures of two strains, JC673 T and JC717, both belonging to the phylum Planctomycetota , were isolated from distinct geographical locations in India. Strain JC673 T was obtained from algal mats of a wetland situated in the state of Kerala, India, while strain JC717 originated from the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), state of Tamil Nadu, India. The two strains share 99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and are most closely related to Gemmata obscuriglobus UQM 2246 T (99.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity). The newly isolated strains are Gram-negative, grow aerobically and tolerate up to 4% ( w / v ) NaCl and a pH of up to 9.0. Cells are spherical and form pink-pigmented colonies. The respiratory quinone is MK-6. Major fatty acids are C 18:0 , C 16:1 ω5c and C 16:0 . Polar lipids include phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, several unidentified amino lipids, unidentified phospholipids, additional unidentified lipids, and an unidentified choline lipid. The polyamine spermidine is produced by the two strains. The strains have a genome size of about 8.2 Mb with a DNA G+C content of 67.6%. Solvent-based culture extracts of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity against three bacterial test strains. Their phylogenetic position along with differences in morphological, physiological, and genomic features support the classification as a new species of the genus Gemmata , for which we propose the name Gemmata algarum sp. nov. Strain JC673 T (=KCTC 72851 T = NBRC 114340 T ) and JC717 are the type and non-type strain of the new species, respectively.

Aims: We evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Schimpera arabica extract and fractions (2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol)., Methods and Results: Free radical scavenging activity was estimated by using ABTS and DPPH methods, reducing power and iron chelation was studied to investigate antioxidant potential of the extracts. Well-diffusion method was utilized to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 27 compounds. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in high amount (7·6-18 mg GAE, mg g -1 ; 3·2-10·8 mg catechin, mg g -1 ) in dry plant material., Conclusions: Among all the extracts, 2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol were the major constituents of crude extract and exhibited significant antioxidant potential as well antimicrobial activity; however, all other fractions also exhibited fare degree of antioxidant potential. 93% DPPH was scavenged by 100 μg ml -1 of the ethyl acetate fraction; in ABTS assay chelation was 86·2 and 88% in ferric chloride reducing power assay., Significance and Impact of the Study: Schimpera arabica is naturally present and used in food preparation in most Arabian nations. The characterization of S. arabica would provide an insight into its medicinal use as home remedial for bacterial infection and as antioxidant. Significant and comparable antimicrobial activity was demonstrated by both 2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol fractions. The results suggest that S. arabica contain a good amount of natural antioxidants of medicinal importance. However, further investigations are needed to characterize the further activity of 2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol in vivo., (© 2018 The Society for Applied Microbiology.)

Synthesis of some new multi-functional analogues of 2′-hydroxy chalcone containing isoxazole and pyrazole functions were synthesized, and their pharmacological activity was tested. Chalcone derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 2′-hydroxy acetophenone with various substituted benzaldehydes in a basic medium. Aurones were isolated upon treatment with mercuric acetate. Synthesized chalcones and aurones were converted into the corresponding isoxazole and pyrazole derivatives upon their reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride or hydrazine hydrate, respectively. Structures of the compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. All synthesized compounds were tested for antioxidant and antibacterial potential. Some of those demonstrated excellent antioxidant activity, and one product was identified as a promising antimicrobial candidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aims: We evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Schimpera arabica extract and fractions (2‐Hexadecen‐1‐ol and beta sitosterol). Methods and Results: Free radical scavenging activity was estimated by using ABTS and DPPH methods, reducing power and iron chelation was studied to investigate antioxidant potential of the extracts. Well‐diffusion method was utilized to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 27 compounds. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in high amount (7·6–18 mg GAE, mg g−1; 3·2–10·8 mg catechin, mg g−1) in dry plant material. Conclusions: Among all the extracts, 2‐Hexadecen‐1‐ol and beta sitosterol were the major constituents of crude extract and exhibited significant antioxidant potential as well antimicrobial activity; however, all other fractions also exhibited fare degree of antioxidant potential. 93% DPPH was scavenged by 100 μg ml−1 of the ethyl acetate fraction; in ABTS assay chelation was 86·2 and 88% in ferric chloride reducing power assay. Significance and Impact of the Study: Schimpera arabica is naturally present and used in food preparation in most Arabian nations. The characterization of S. arabica would provide an insight into its medicinal use as home remedial for bacterial infection and as antioxidant. Significant and comparable antimicrobial activity was demonstrated by both 2‐Hexadecen‐1‐ol and beta sitosterol fractions. The results suggest that S. arabica contain a good amount of natural antioxidants of medicinal importance. However, further investigations are needed to characterize the further activity of 2‐Hexadecen‐1‐ol and beta sitosterol in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]