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Marsilea quadrifolia L. (water clover) is a unique species from Romanian flora that belongs to Marsileaceae family and one of the most vulnerable plants in Europe due to loss of its habitats. In this paper it is reported the demographic evolution of a new occurred M. quadrifolia population in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve and its natural and anthropic threats. The aquatic fern M. quadrifolia has colonized a suitable man-made water body. After a decade of monitoring the demographic trend is positive but the support capacity of habitat for the water clover remains limited in the long term. The population is vulnerable due to succession of vegetation and its vicinity with a human settlement. The establishment of a micro-reserve represents a suitable method to protect and maintain this threatened M. quadrifolia population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]