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Eudendrium caraiuru Marques & Oliveira, 2003 Synonyms in the area: Eudendrium glomeratum ���Marques 1993; Rosso & Marques 1997; Oliveira et al. 2000; Marques 2001; Migotto et al. 2001; Silveira & Morandini 2011 [polyp] [non Eudendrium glomeratum Picard, 1951]. Remarks: common species on the Brazilian coast (Marques et al. 2006). Further taxonomic details in Marques & Oliveira (2003). Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 3��S to 4.50��S, from 22.75��S to 25.58��S, from 38��S to 38.10��S (Marques 1993; Migotto 1996; Rosso & Marques 1997; Oliveira et al. 2000; Marques 2001; Migotto et al. 2001; Marques & Oliveira 2003; Oliveira & Marques 2005; Marques et al. 2006; Shimabukuro & Marques 2006a, abstract; Shimabukuro et al. 2006; Shimabukuro 2007; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Marques et al. 2013; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015; Miranda et al. 2015). Habitat: polyp���in shallow waters, on fouling, ascidians, bryozoans, barnacles, gastropods, mussels, polychaete tubes, rocks, test panels and other artificial substrates (Migotto et al. 2001; Marques & Oliveira 2003; Marques et al. 2006; Shimabukuro & Marques 2006a; Shimabukuro 2007; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvillia pagesi Nogueira Jr., Rodriguez, Mianzan, Haddad & Genzano, 2013 Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 25��S to 26��S, Argentina, from 36��S to 38��S (Nogueira Jr. 2012; Nogueira Jr. et al. 2013, 2015; Nagata et al. 2014a)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Leuckartiara gardineri Browne, 1916 Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Colombia, at 4.45��N 81.45��W (Alvari��o 1976)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Sibogita geometrica Maas, 1905 Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Chile, at 33.67��S 78.84��W in Juan Fern��ndez Archipelago (Fagetti 1973 p. 38)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Pennaria disticha Goldfuss, 1820 Synonyms in the area: Pennaria tiarella ���Fraser 1938a, 1938b, 1939, 1948; Calder et al. 2003 [polyp]; Halocordyle sp. Vannucci, 1950 [polyp]; Halocordyle fragilis Vannucci, 1951a 1951b [polyp]; Halocordyle disticha ���Vervoort 1967; Mergner 1977, abstract, 1987; Wedler 1975; Bandel & Wedler 1987; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Silveira & Migotto 1991; Pires et al. 1992; Grohmann 1997; Grohmann et al. 1997; Rosso & Marques 1997; Kelmo & Santa Isabel 1998; Amaral et al. 2009 [polyp]. Remarks: Vannucci (1950) recorded Halocordyle sp. for Brazilian waters and later named her material as Halocordyle fragilis Vannucci, 1951b. Silveira & Migotto (1991), based on the study of three total mounts, considered P. fragilis as a junior-synonym of P. disticha, both being ���extremes of a range of morphological variation due to environmental influence��� (Silveira & Migotto 1991:442). Distribution in South America: polyp���Pacific Ocean, Ecuador, at 0.56��N 80.01��W in San Francisco Bay, at 2.18��S 80.90��W in La Libertad, at 2.19��S 80.90��W in Santa Elena Bay, from 0.27��N to 1.4��S in Gal��pagos Archipelago (Fraser 1938a, 1938b, 1939, 1948; Calder et al. 2003); Atlantic Ocean, Colombia, at Santa Marta coast, Venezuela, from Puerto Cabello to La Guaira, Brazil, at 3.93��S 32.37��W, from 6.50��S to 28��S (Vannucci 1950 1951a, 1951b, 1954; Vervoort 1967; Wedler 1975; Bandel & Wedler 1987; Mergner 1977, abstract, 1987; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Silveira & Migotto 1991; Pires et al. 1992; Migotto 1996; Rosso & Marques 1997; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Kelmo & Santa Isabel 1998; Grohmann 1997; Grohmann et al. 1997, 2003; Migotto et al. 2002; Marques & Migotto 2003; Bornancin et al. 2006, abstract; Grohmann 2006; Marques et al. 2006; Shimabukuro et al. 2006; Bornancin 2008; Bornancin & Haddad 2008, abstract; Campos & Alonso 2008, abstract; Maronna et al. 2008, abstract; Shimabukuro 2007; Amaral et al. 2009; Gondim et al. 2011; Grohmann et al. 2011; Kremer & Rocha, 2011; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Bumbeer & Rocha 2012; Marques et al. 2013; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015; Miranda et al. 2015); medusa���Atlantic Ocean, from 23.70��S to 24��S (Migotto 1996). Habitat: polyp���from intertidal zone to 27m depth, on rocky shores, calcareous sandstone reef, algae, ascidians, barnacles, scleractinians, hydroids, mussels, sponges, fauling, ceramic test-panels, nylon rope (Fraser 1938a; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Silveira & Migotto 1991; Migotto 1996; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Kelmo & Santa Isabel 1998; Calder et al. 2003; Bornancin et al. 2006; Marques et al. 2006; Shimabukuro et al. 2006; Bornancin 2008; Shimabukuro 2007; Bornancin & Haddad 2008; Kremer & Rocha 2011; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Garveia franciscana (Torrey, 1902) Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 8.71��S 35��W, from 25��S to 26��S (Calder & Ma��al 1998; Haddad et al. 2006, abstract; Cangussu et al. 2010; Bumbeer & Rocha 2012). Habitat: polyp���on mud, Rhizophora mangle roots, wood, shells, and artificial substrates (Calder & Ma��al 1998; Haddad et al. 2006; Cangussu et al. 2010). Remarks: Calyptospadix cerulea Clarke, 1882 (Garveia cerulea) and G. franciscana may prove conspecific (Cairns et al. 2002 p. 50)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on pages 54-55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Ectopleura? obypa Migotto & Marques, 1999a Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 3.58��S 38.80��W (Fernanadez et al. 2015). Habitat: polyp���from 2 to 4m depth, on artificial panels (Fernanadez et al. 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Zanclea costata Gegenbaur, 1856a Remaks: doubtful identification of the medusa stages, especially in southeastern Brazilian waters (20��S to 25��S) due to the recent synonymy of the polyp stage present in this area with Z. migottoi (cf. Galea 2008 p. 14���16). Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil to Uruguay, from 20��S to 25��S, from 29��S to 35��S (Vannucci 1957; Navas-Pereira 1974, 1981, 1984; Ram��rez & Zamponi 1981; Migotto et al. 2002; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Miranda et al. 2015). Habitat: medusa���neritic, eurythermic and euryhaline species (Vannucci 1957; Navas-Pereira 1974)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Corymorpha forbesi (Mayer, 1894) Synonyms in the area: Vannuccia forbesi ���Navas-Pereira 1974, 1980, 1981 [medusa]; Hybocodon forbesi ���Correia 1983 [medusa]. Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 22.90��S to 35��S (Navas-Pereira 1974, 1980, 1981; Correia 1983; Migotto et al. 2002; Tronolone 2008; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Nogueira Jr. 2012, Nogueira Jr. et al., 2015). Habitat: medusa���eurythermic and euryhaline species, typically from shallow waters (Navas-Pereira 1974; Correia 1983)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Clava sp. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Colombia, at Santa Marta coast (Wedler 1975)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Margelopsis australis Browne, 1910 Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Chile, from 53��S to 55.83��S (Pag��s & Orejas 1999); Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, at Beagle Channel, and at Antarctic sea (Kramp 1959a; Pag��s & Orejas 1999)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Errinopora cestoporina Cairns, 1983 Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, at Tierra del Fuego and Burdwood Bank (Cairns 1983). Habitat: polyp���from 59 to 384m depth (Cairns 1983)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 75, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Rhizogeton nudus Broch, 1910 Synonyms in the area: Rhizogeton nudum ���Genzano 1993, 1994; Genzano & Zamponi 1997, 2003; Genzano & Rodriguez 1998 [incorrect subsequent spelling] [polyp]. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, at 38��S 57��W in Buenos Aires coast (Genzano 1993, 1994; Genzano & Zamponi 1997, 2003; Genzano & Rodriguez 1998; Genzano et al. 2009a; Miranda et al. 2015). Habitat: polyp���at intertidal area, on colonies of other hydroid (e.g., Ectopleura crocea), bryozoans, sponges (Genzano 1993; Genzano & Zamponi 2003; Genzano et al. 2009a)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Eudendrium merulum Watson, 1985 Remarks: the records are based on badly preserved specimen and are considered doubtful (Marques 1993, 2001). Distribution in South America: Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 27.78��S 48.49��W (Marques 1993, 2001; Migotto et al. 2002; Miranda et al. 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Asyncoryne ryniensis Warren, 1908a Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 23.82��S 45.41��W (Migotto 1996; Migotto et al. 2002; Silveira & Morandini 2011, Miranda et al., 2015); medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 23.82��S 45.41��W (Migotto 1996; Migotto et al. 2002). Habitat: polyp���on rock, at 8m depth (Migotto 1996)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Crypthelia formosa Cairns, 1983 Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, from 54��S to 56��S (Cairns 1983)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Corynidae sp. indet. 1 Synonyms in the area: Syncoryne mirabilis —Fraser 1939a [part]; Calder et al. 2003 [polyp]. Remarks: Calder et al. (2003 p. 1206) examined the specimens identified by Fraser as Syncoryne mirabilis (L. Agassiz, 1849), and considered that part of the material “were corynids of uncertain identity”. Distribution in South America: polyp—Pacific Ocean, Ecuador, from 1.2°S to 1.4°S in Isla Floreana (Fraser 1938a; Calder et al. 2003).

Eudendrium exiguum Allman, 1877 Distribution in South America: polyp���Pacific Ocean, Colombia, at 3�� N 78.18�� W in Gorgona Island, Peru, at 6.95��S 80.70��W in Isla Lobos de Afuera (Fraser 1938a, 1948). Habitat: polyp���on coral, from 36 to 55m depth (Fraser 1938a, 1948)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Cladocoryne floccosa Rotch, 1871 Synonyms in the area: Cladyocoryne pelagica ���Fraser 1938a, 1948 [polyp]. Distribution in South America: polyp���Pacific Ocean, Ecuador, at 0.04��S 91.55��W in Isla Isabela, at 2.19��S 80.90��W in Santa Elena Bay (Fraser 1938a, 1948; Calder et al. 2003); Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 3.54��S 38.8��W, from 8.50��S to 27.14��S (Migotto 1996; Grohmann 1997, 2006; Grohmann et al. 1997, 2003; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Migotto et al. 2002; Oliveira 2003; Oliveira et al. 2006; Oliveira & Marques 2007, 2011; Shimabukuro 2007; Maronna et al. 2008, abstract; Cunha & Jacobucci 2010; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Miranda et al. 2011, 2015; Fernandez et al., 2015). Habitat: polyp���on marine rocky shores and estuarine region, from intertidal zone to 22m depth, on algae, fouling, other hydroids, decapod, sea urchin, sandstone reef (Fraser 1938a; Migotto 1996; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Calder et al. 2003; Oliveira 2003; Oliveira et al. 2006; Oliveira & Marques 2007, 2011; Shimabukuro 2007; Cunha & Jacobucci 2010; Fernandez et al., 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Rhizorhagium sp. Remarks: Haddad (1992) assigned her record for Paraná State (Brazil) as doubtful because it is based on poorly preserved material. Distribution in South America: polyp—Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 25.75°S to 26°S (Haddad 1992). Habitat: polyp—on algae, hydroids, and polychaetes (Haddad 1992).

Millepora braziliensis Verrill, 1868 Synonyms in the area: Millepora brasiliensis ���Branner 1904 [polyp] [incorrect subsequent spelling]. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 0.49��S 44.75��W, from 3.50��S to 21��S (Verrill 1868; Branner 1904; Laborel 1969a; Hetzel & Castro 1994; Amaral 1997; Hudson et al. 1999; Castro & Segal 2001; Castro & Pires 2001; Amaral et al. 2002a, 2008, 2009; Migotto et al. 2002; Ramos et al. 2009; Leal et al. 2013). Habitat: polyp ���on calcareous algae, scleractinian Agaricia agaricites, and mud (Amaral et al. 2008)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Tiaricodon coeruleus Browne, 1902 Remarks: this species was assigned to the family Moerisiidae by Browne & Kramp (1939) and Vannucci & Tundisi (1962). Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Chile, at 33��S in Valpara��so Bay (Kramp 1966; Fagetti 1973 p. 50); Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, at Malvinas (Falkland) Islands, at Puerto Deseado in Santa Cruz (Patagonia), and at Strait of Magellan (Browne 1902; Vanh��ffen 1912; Browne & Kramp 1939; Vannucci & Tundisi 1962; Genzano et al. 2008a). Habitat: medusa���endemic to South American temperate and subantarctic waters (Vannucci & Tundisi 1962)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Millepora nitida Verrill, 1868 Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 9��S to 18��S (Laborel 1969a; Hetzel & Castro 1994; Amaral 1997; Castro & Segal 2001; Castro & Pires 2001; Amaral et al. 2002a, 2008; Migotto et al. 2002), Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Eudendrium arbusculum (d���Orbigny, 1846) Synonyms in the area: Tubularia arbuscula d���Orbigny, 1846 p. 28 [polyp]; Eudendrium arbusculum ���Hartlaub 1905 p.547���548 [polyp] [non Eudendrium arbuscula Wright, 1859 p. 113]. Remarks: the specific name was set aside because this is an unidentifiable species (Marques & Vervoort 1999; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2000 Opinion 1956]. The name is kept and the record of D���Orbigny (1846) is presented here for historical reasons. Distribution in South America: polyp���Pacific Ocean, Chile, at ca. 50��S in Trinidad Channel (d���Orbigny 1846 p. 28; Hartlaub 1905 p. 547-548)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Podocoryna sp. 2 Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 26��S to 26.5��S (Nogueira Jr. 2012; Nogueira Jr. et al. 2015a)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Coryne gracilis (Browne, 1902) Synonyms in the area: Sarsia gracilis Browne, 1902; Browne & Kramp 1939 [medusa]. Remarks: there are no clear characters to distinguish the medusa stage of this species from Coryne eximia (see above). Schuchert (1996) suggested that they might be the same species. Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, at 50��S in Malvinas (Falkland) Islands (Browne 1902; Browne & Kramp 1939; Genzano et al. 2008a)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Staurocladia oahuensis (Edmondson, 1930) Synonyms in the area: Staurocladia ohuaensis ��� Fagetti 1973 p. 50-51 [incorrect subsequent spelling] [medusa]. Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Chile, at 40.78��S in Reloncav�� Sound (Kramp 1952; Fagetti 1973 p. 50-51)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Zyzzyzus warreni Calder, 1988 Synonyms in the area: Zyzzyzus solitarius ���Bandel & Wedler 1987; Migotto & Silveira 1987 [polyp]. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Colombia, at 11.35��S 74.27��W in Santa Marta, Brazil, at 3.58��S 38.80��W, at 8.71��S 35.10��W, at 9.78��S 35.84��W, from 23��S to 24��S, at 27.21��S 48.51��W (Bandel & Wedler 1987; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Migotto 1996; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Migotto et al. 2001, 2002; Campos 2002; Miranda & Marques 2006, abstract; Campos et al. 2007, 2012; Shimabukuro 2007; Maronna et al. 2008, abstract; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Miranda et al. 2011, 2015; Marques et al. 2013; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015). Habitat: polyp���from intertidal zone to 4m depth, on algae, fouling, ascidians, bryozoans, hydroids, mud, mussels, polychaete tubes, Rhizophora mangle roots, rocks, shells, sponges, wood, zoanthids (Bandel & Wedler 1987; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Migotto 1996; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Campos 2002; Campos et al. 2007; Shimabukuro 2007; Miranda et al. 2011; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Stauridiosarsia ophiogaster (Haeckel, 1879) Synonyms in the area: Dipurena ophiogaster ���Kramp 1966; Fagetti 1973 p. 36; Palma & Rosales 1995 [medusa]. Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Chile, from 23��S to 46��S (Kramp 1966; Fagetti 1973 p. 36; Palma & Rosales 1995)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Hydractinia longispina Fraser, 1938a Distribution in South America: polyp���Pacific Ocean, Ecuador, at 0.26��S 91.37��W in Isla Isabela, at 1.23��S 90.45��W in Isla Floreana, Peru, at 6.95S 80.70W in Isla Lobos de Afuera (Fraser 1938a, 1938b, 1939, 1948; Calder et al. 2003). Habitat: polyp���on sand and shell, from 15 to 33m depth (Fraser 1938a, 1938b; Calder et al. 2003)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms in the area: Millepora alcicornis var. cellulosa Verrill, 1868 [polyp]; Branner 1904; Millepora alcicornis var. digitata ���Verrill 1868; Branner 1904 [polyp]; Millepora alcicornis var. fenestrata ���Verrill 1868; Branner 1904 [polyp]. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 0.4��S to 23.50��S (Hartt 1868; Verrill 1868; Branner 1904; Laborel 1969a; Weerdt 1984; Pires et al. 1992; Hetzel & Castro 1994; Castro et al. 1995; Amaral 1997; Amaral et al. 1997, 2002a, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Kelmo & Santa Isabel 1998; Hudson et al. 1999, abstract; Castro & Pires 2001; Castro & Segal 2001; Migotto et al. 2002; Ramos et al. 2009; Gondim et al. 2011; Leal et al. 2013; Dias & Gondim 2016). Habitat: polyp���on calcareous and other algae, mud, gorgonians, Millepora sp. skeleton sandstone reef, and scleractinian Agaricia agaricites (Amaral 1997; Calder & Ma��al 1998; Amaral et al. 2008)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz, 1829 Synonyms in the area: Cytaeis atlantica ���Mayer 1910; Thiel 1938a; Vannucci 1951a [medusa]. Remarks: species described by Mayer (1910b) under the name Cytaeis atlantica with no specific record for the Atlantic Ocean. Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Colombia to Chile, from 7.25��N to 25��S (Fagetti 1973 p. 36; Segura-Puertas 1984; Chirichigno, pers. comm.; IMARPE database of zooplankton); Atlantic Ocean, Brazil to Uruguay, from 4��N to 35��S (Thiel 1938a; Kramp 1957; Vannucci 1957, 1963; Moreira 1973; Navas- Pereira 1974, 1981; Alvari��o 1976; Goy 1979; Ram��rez & Zamponi 1981; Segura-Puertas 1984; Cely & Chiquillo 1993; Tronolone 2001; Migotto et al. 2002; Baldrich 2007; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Gusm��o et al. 2015). Habitat: medusa���euryhaline and eurythermic species, from 30 to 420m depth (Kramp 1957; Vannucci 1957, 1963, Navas-Pereira 1974). Species recorded in tropical and subtropical regions (Chirichigno, pers. comm.)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on pages 56-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvillia niobe Mayer, 1894 Remarks: the distribution range provided by Ram��rez & Zamponi (1981) is not based on specific records and, therefore, we did not consider that information for this species (see Genzano et al. 2008a). Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 20.5��S to 24��S (Tronolone 2008; Bonecker et al. 2014)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Sphaerocoryne sp. Remarks: Marques et al. (2006) and Shimabukuro et al. (2006) recorded? Sphaerocoryne sp. for Cear�� state (NE Brazil) and considered it possibily referable to Sphaerocoryne Pictet, 1893, but the material had poorly preserved hydranths and no gonophores. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 3.27��S 39.27��W (Marques et al. 2006; Shimabukuro et al. 2006). Habitat: polyp ���intertidal zone, on Sertularella cylindritheca (Marques et al. 2006; Shimabukuro 2007)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Zanclea orientalis Browne, 1916 Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Colombia to Ecuador, no specific location but west of Gal��pagos Archipelago (Segura-Puertas 1984)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Ectopleura? obypa Migotto & Marques, 1999a Distribution in South America: polyp—Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 3.58°S 38.80°W (Fernanadez et al. 2015). Habitat: polyp—from 2 to 4m depth, on artificial panels (Fernanadez et al. 2015).

Rhizogeton fusiformis L. Agassiz, 1862 Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Colombia, at 11.35��N 74.27��W in Santa Marta (Bandel & Wedler 1987). Habitat: on Amphiroa fragilissima and other algae species (Bandel & Wedler 1987)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Moerisia inkermanica Paltschikowa-Ostroumova, 1925 Synonyms in the area: Ostrumovia inkermanica ���Paranagu�� 1963; Ram��rez & Zamponi 1981; Zamponi 1983a [medusa]. Remarks: Genzano et al. (2008a) considered that the record given by Zamponi (1983a) for the Argentinean coast should be confirmed. Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil to Argentina, at 8.24��S 34.85��W, from 10��S to 20��S, from 25.30��S to 26.5��S, from 39��S to 53��S (Paranagu�� 1963; Ram��rez & Zamponi 1981; Zamponi 1983a; Migotto et al. 2002; Nogueira Jr. & Oliveira 2006; Genzano et al. 2008a; Nogueira Jr. 2012). Habitat: medusa���invasive species established in different estuarine areas of the world (Mills & Rees 2000)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Rhabdoon singulare Keferstein & Ehlers, 1861 Distribution in South America: medusa—Pacific Ocean, Chile, from 53°S to 55.84°S (Pagès & Orejas 1999); Atlantic Ocean, Argentina, at Strait of Magellan (Pagès & Orejas 1999).

Cirrhitiara superba (Mayer, 1900) Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil to Uruguay, from 5��S to 10��S, from 29��S to 35��S (Navas-Pereira 1974, 1981; Ram��rez & Zamponi 1981; Migotto et al. 2002). Habitat: medusa���stenothermic and euryhaline species (Navas-Pereira 1974)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Lizzia alvarinoae Segura, 1980 Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Ecuador to Peru, from 3.50��S to 18.30��S, and at southeast of Gal��pagos Archipelago (Segura-Puertas 1984)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvilliidae sp. Distribution in South America: medusa—Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 25°S to 26°S (Nagata et al. 2014b).

Ectopleura crocea (L. Agassiz, 1862) Synonyms in the area: Ectopleura warreni ���Migotto & Silveira 1987; Haddad 1992; Migotto 1996; Grohmann 1997; Grohmann et al. 1997; Rosso & Marques 1997; Marques & Migotto 2001; Migotto et al. 2001 [polyp]; Ectopleura ralphi ���Migotto et al. 2001 [polyp]; Pinauay ralphi ���Migotto et al. 2002; Marques & Migotto 2003; Oliveira 2003; Bornancin et al. 2006, abstract; Grohmann 2006; Haddad et al. 2006, abstract; Oliveira et al. 2006; Bornancin 2008; Oliveira & Marques 2007; Shimabukuro 2007; Bornancin & Haddad 2008, abstract; Oliveira et al. 2008, abstract; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Flynn & Val��rio Berardo 2012 [polyp]; Tubularia formosa ���Hartlaub 1905 p. 538-540; Blanco 1994a; Genzano & Zamponi 1997 [polyp]; Tubularia crocea ���Hartlaub 1905 p. 540-543; Fraser 1938a; Blanco 1968, 1994a; Wedler 1975; Genzano et al. 1991; Genzano 1994, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005; Genzano & Zamponi 1997, 2003; Genzano & Rodriguez 1998; Genzano & San Mart��n 2002; Calder et al. 2003; Demicheli & Scarabino 2006 [polyp]; Tubularia polycarpa ���Hartlaub, 1905 p. 540 [polyp]; Pinauay crocea ���Cangussu et al. 2010; Kremer & Rocha 2011; Oliveira & Marques 2011 [polyp]; Acharadria crocea ���Marques et al. 2013 [polyp]. Remarks: Calder et al. (2003 p. 1205) examined three vials with specimens from the Gal��pagos, and stated that one vial lacked hydroids and the other two ���contained small pieces of tubulariids which could not be identified with certainty���. Imazu (2008) compared Brazilian E. ralphi (Bale, 1884) and Argentinean E. crocea (L. Agassiz, 1862) materials and found they belong to the same species. Distribution in South America: polyp���Pacific Ocean, Ecuador, at 0.27��S 91.37��W in Isla Isabela, Chile, from 19.88��S to 33��S (Hartlaub 1905 p. 538-543; Fraser 1938a, 1948; Calder et al. 2003); Atlantic Ocean, Colombia, at Santa Marta coast, Brazil to Argentina, from 20��S to 55��S (Hartlaub 1905; Blanco 1968, 1994a; Wedler 1975; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Genzano et al. 1991, 2009a, 2011; Haddad 1992; Genzano 1994, 2001, 2005, 2010; Migotto 1996; Genzano & Zamponi 1997, 2003; Grohmann 1997; Grohmann et al. 1997; Rosso & Marques 1997; Genzano 1998, 2002; Genzano & Rodriguez 1998; Migotto et al. 2001; Genzano & San Mart��n 2002; Migotto et al. 2002; Marques & Migotto 2003; Oliveira 2003; Bornancin et al. 2006, abstract; Demicheli & Scarabino 2006; Grohmann 2006; Oliveira et al. 2006; Bornancin 2008; Oliveira & Marques 2007, 2011; Shimabukuro 2007; Bornancin & Haddad 2008, abstract; Grohmann et al. 2008, abstract; Imazu 2008; Oliveira et al. 2008; Cangussu et al. 2010; Kremer & Rocha 2011; Flynn & Val��rio Berardo 2012; Marques et al. 2013; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015; Imazu et al. 2014; Meretta & Genzano 2015; Miranda et al. 2015). Habitat: polyp���intertidal to shallow water up to 20m depth, on algae, ascidians, barnacles, bryozoan, barnacles, corals, Plumularia setacea, fouling, floats, metallic structures, mussels, nylon ropes, pillars, polychaete tubes, rocks, sponges and tunicates (Fraser 1938a, 1948; Migotto & Silveira 1987; Haddad 1992; Migotto 1996; Genzano & Rodriguez 1998; Calder et al. 2003; Oliveira 2003; Bornancin et al. 2006; Haddad et al. 2006; Oliveira et al. 2006; Scarabino 2006; Bornancin 2008; Oliveira & Marques 2007, 2011; Shimabukuro 2007; Bornancin & Haddad 2008; Imazu 2008; Genzano 2010; Kremer & Rocha 2011; Flynn & Val��rio Berardo 2012; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015; Imazu et al. 2014; Meretta & Genzano 2015). Species common in port regions (Imazu 2008) and on test panels for biofouling recruitment in different harbor areas from Buenos Aires. Smaller and isolated clumps occasionally found in sublitoral communities, up to 20m depth (Genzano & Zamponi 2003)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvillia trinema (von Lendenfeld, 1884) nomen dubium Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, from 26��S to 29.30��S (Correia 1983; Migotto et al. 2002). Habitat: medusa���on salinity 35.35, temperature 14.15��C, and at 157.5m depth (Correia 1983)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvillia fulva A. Agassiz & Mayer, 1899 Distribution in South America: medusa���Pacific Ocean, Ecuador to Chile, from 3.50��S to 18.25��S, from 33��S to 37��S, and at north and southwest of Gal��pagos Archipelago (Fagetti 1973 p. 33-34; Segura-Puertas 1984). Habitat: medusa���neritic species (Chirichigno, pers. comm.)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvillia carolinensis (McCrady, 1859) Synonyms in the area:? Bougainvillia carolinensis ���Vannucci 1951b [medusa]. Remarks: Vannucci (1951b) considered her record as doubtful. Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Colombia to Brazil, from 10��N to 0�� (Equator); from 23.2��S to 25.3��S (Alvari��o 1968;Vannucci 1951a, 1951b; Vannucci & Rees 1961; Tronolone 2001, 2008; Migotto et al. 2002; Nascimento 2010; Silveira & Morandini 2011)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Eudendrium fragile Motz-Kossowska, 1905 Synonyms in the area: Eudendrium ? fragile ���Grohmann 1997; Grohmann et al. 1997 [polyp]. Remarks: Grohmann (1997) and Grohmann et al. (1997) considered their identification of E. fragile Motz- Kossowska, 1905 as doubtful. However, Grohmann (2006) recorded the species without expressing any doubts, but she did not describe or figure her specimens. The species is poorly known and considered to be endemic to the Mediterranean Sea (Marques et al. 2000). Therefore, we prefer to consider the record of the species as dubious. Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 20.32��S 40.27��W (Grohmann 1997, 2006; Grohmann et al. 1997; Migotto et al. 2002)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Bougainvillia sp. 1 Distribution in South America: polyp���Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 3.54��S 38.8��W, from 23.50��S to 24��S (Shimabukuro 2007; Fernandez et al. 2015). Habitat: polyp���on fouling, ascidians, bryozoans, hydroids, mussels, barnacles and polychaete tubes (Shimabukuro 2007; Fernandez et al. 2015)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1

Pachycordyle sp. Distribution in South America: medusa—Pacific Ocean, Peru, at 10°S 82°W (Segura-Puertas 1984).

Bougainvillia platygaster (Haeckel, 1879) Distribution in South America: medusa���Atlantic Ocean, Colombia to Uruguay, from 10��N to 35��S (Alvari��o 1968; Kramp 1957; Ram��rez & Zamponi 1981; Correia 1983; Migotto et al. 2002). Habitat: medusa���up to 600m depth (Kramp 1957)., Published as part of M. P. Oliveira 1,16, S P. Miranda 2, *,, Es W. Mianzan 10,, Ro E. Migotto 11,, Ne B. Nascimento 2,11, Eli Nogueira J��nior 12,, Er Qui��ones 13,, Izio Scarabino 14,, T��n Schiariti 10,, Io N. Stampar 15,, Tronolone 2, , Qu��ria B. & Onio C. Marques 2,11, 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1