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Raster scan systems can introduce cubic and quadratic phase distortions in holograms for generating and detecting doughnut beams. The distortions can be corrected by subtracting corresponding terms from the hologram design. The compensation parameters can be determined by fabricating test holograms and applying rotational symmetry analysis to the intensity distribution of the generated beams. The 2- and 3-fold rotational symmetry components are shown to be effective in determining quadratic and cubic corrections respectively, and in the final corrected hologram the total contribution of anisotropic intensity components was reduced to 0.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The surface polarization scattering is investigated in terms of the coherence matrix for the electric field scattered from a birefringent material with a random interface between its surface and air. The relationship between the statistical properties of the scattered light at the scattering surface and the micro-structure of the anisotropic media has been explored for the first time to understand the underlying mechanism of the surface scattering phenomena for the electric field with random states of polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]