Search

Substance A5 isolated from supernatants of activated neutrophils from donors significantly increases the percentage of neutrophils and macrophages in the peritoneal exudation of mice on days 3 and 7 of staphylococcal inflammation and stimulates functional activity (lysosomal, phagocytic, and NBT-reducing) of these cells, reduced as a result of inflammation, on days 3, 7, and 14 of the inflammatory process.

The research allowed evaluation of the influence exerted by synthetic peptide of the active center of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating (GM-CSF) factor on hematopoiesis in mice both under normal physiological conditions of the animals, and during the period of post-exposure recovery of hematopoiesis. It has been demonstrated that a synthetic peptide of the active GM-CSF center is able to exert a stimulating effect on animals with radiation-induced hematopoiesis inhibition. A single injection of the preparation at a dose of 0.005 μg/g to female C57Bl/6 mice, which had been exposed to fractionated exposure at a dose of 10 Gy and developed inhibition of bone-marrow hematopoiesis and cytopenia, exerted a stimulating effect on the granulocyte and monocyte lineages of hemopoiesis. Injections of an active GM-CSF center peptide to irradiated animals did not influence the content of CFUs in thebone-marrow (BM), but they exerted a stimulating influence on the population of these cells in unexposed animals. No effect of the influence of the preparation on the development of extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen was observed in the irradiated mice. The study showed that a peptide active site GM-CSF is a promising drug in terms of its use for the treatment of radiation-induced myelosuppression.

Method for detection of pathogenic microorganisms in different microbiological assays (water, faeces, punctate etc.) has been developed. Device for preparation of samples and filtration of studied material through transparent tracking membranes with fixed size of pores and subsequent microscopy of filtrate was developed also as well as device for filtration of different liquids in closed cylinder under pressure. Method significantly increases informativeness and reliability of analyses, and decreases of their labor and financial costs.

Modern data on the molecular mechanisms of relationships between the host organism and the pathogenic representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae in the host-parasite system are presented. The process of cytokine and eicosanoid regulation of the immune process of the host in the norm and pathology states are analyzed. The examples of the mechanisms of immune suppression, false antigenic stimulation and the mimicry of pathogens are given.

After both thermal and mechanical injuries, mice are shown to have depressed functions of phagocytes (primarily neutrophils), suppressed ability of an immune response to antigens and decreased skin inflammatory and reparative activities. It is suggested that a neutrophilic secretory defect and a decrease in the production of stimulating factors might be a cause of the above effects. After thermal and mechanical injuries, injection of neutrophilokin extracted from latex-activated neutrophilic supernatant into the mice promoted recovered phagocytic functional activity, higher humoral and cellular immune response and increased the rate of standard burn wound healing. Neutrophilokin also accelerated clavus formation in mice with mechanical injury. Thus, it can be concluded that neutrophils and their low-molecular secretory products play an important role in regulating immune and inflammatory reparative homeostasis in thermal and mechanical injuries.

Neutrophilokine, a latex-activated neutrophilic secretory product, was tested for effects on the body's response to immobilization stress. Preadministration of neutrophilokine decreased the magnitude of post-stress changes: neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphopenia, and stress-induced ulcerogenesis in the gastric mucosa. It is concluded that triple administration of neutrophilokine induces adaptation to immobilization stress.

The secretory products of the neutrophils were shown to exert an activating effect on the erythropoiesis in case of an activating neutrophil supernatant. The latter seems to modify the reactivity of the central macrophages in animals with suppressed endogenous erythropoietin.

The effects of activated neutrophilic secretory products on marrow erythroblastic islet erythropoiesis and peripheral blood parameters were studied after experimental blood loss. The supernatant of activated neutrophils was demonstrated to potentiate erythrodieresis in early post-loss period. At the same time the supernatant had a high stimulant effect on erythroblastic islet erythropoiesis. The erythroblastic islets showed increases in new formation and reconstitution, acceleration of amplification wave, which results in peripheral blood reticulocytosis. Thus, neutrophilic secretory products stimulates the synthesis and secretion of central macrophage products, which promotes accelerated maturation of erythroblasts in the erythroblastic islet crown.

Induced chemoluminescence of neutrophils was distinctly inhibited both in intact mice and the animals with thermal injury after administration of acid alpha 1-glycoprotein. At the same time, the glycoprotein decreased the rate of thermal burn-induced activation of lipid peroxidation in rat blood, skin and liver tissue. Antioxidative and therapeutic effects of acid alpha 1-glycoprotein in burns appear to be related to regulation of neutrophil activity.

Preliminary injection of middle mass peptides (MMP) obtained from blood of intact dogs and dogs with burn injury aggravated the response of mice and rats to thermal injury. The mortality among mice with burns grew and the reaction of the lymphoid organs (thymus and spleen) of rats to the thermal burn was intensified. The aggravating action of MMP in mice correlated well with their damaging effect in experiments on human blood neutrophils. A MMP fraction possessing a protecting effect in burns in rats was isolated from the blood of intact dogs. The data obtained are discussed from the standpoint of the pathogenetic importance of MMP in burn disease.

Antioxidative activity of middle mass peptides (MMP), obtained from blood of dogs with burns and of intact animals, was studied. "Lowry-chromogenic" amino acids containing in the MMP structure were responsible for the antioxidative activity. At the same time, this property of MMP was related also to their pathogenecity. The peptides were able to regulate lipid peroxidation in rats with thermic burns. Regulating effects of MMP on lipid peroxidation in pathogenesis of burns are discussed.

The influence of immunostimulating and immunosuppressing neutrophilokine fractions on the immune response of mice with staphylococcal infection has been studied. When injected into mice with staphylococcal infection, the immunostimulating fraction of the supernatants of activated neutrophils has been found to restore the activity of the immune system of the infected animals. The secretory products of intact neutrophils do not change or decrease the capacity of the animals for immune response under the conditions of the infectious process.

The influence of different peptide fractions obtained from the intact and latex-stimulated neutrophils on the immune response was studied. It was demonstrated that neutrophils after stimulation synthesize the factors activating immune response, the intact neutrophils synthesize the suppressor factors of peptide nature.