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Astyris axicostata n. sp. Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8199E15C-A73 A-4828-AEED-9339C2B42E00 Astyris sp. nov.: Nekhaev et al., 2022: 9, Fig. 4D. Type specimens. Holotype (Fig. 2 A–D) [SL 7.3 mm], MIMB 45730. Three paratypes [SL 7.4, 7.0, and 3.0 mm] (Fig. 2 E–I) MIMB 45731; two paratypes [SL 7.3, and 5.3 mm] IORAS INV0000847. Type locality. Northern summit of submarine Piip Volcano, 55°24.96′N, 167°16.464′E, 373 m, R / V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev, cruise 82, sta LV82-1/7, 2018, rock with zoantharians (Epizoanthus sp.) and other Hexacorallia. Additional material examined. 28 specimens from the type locality, one sequenced and examined for radular morphology (Buc298, shell partially destroyed). Northern summit of submarine Piip Volcano, 55°24.996′N, 167°16.488′E, 402 m, R / V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev, cruise 75, sta LV75-10/1, 2016, 1 specimen, rocks on bacterial mats. Southern summit of submarine Piip Volcano 55°22.938′N, 167°15.696′E, 468 m, R / V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev, cruise 75, sta LV75-15/2, 1 specimen, in vicinity of Calyptogena bed on soft sediment. Etymology. The species epithet refers to characteristic axial ribs (‘costa’, L. ‘rib’). Description (holotype). Shell (Fig. 2A–D) moderate-sized for genus (up to SL 7.4 mm), tall-spired. Apex decollate, leaving 4.5 whorls remaining. Teleoconch whorls evenly rounded, convex, very thin and fragile, semi-transparent, very light yellow. Periostracum very thin, smooth, transparent, and tightly adherent to shell. Spiral sculpture of rather indistinct spiral cordlets slightly varying in width, best pronounced on penultimate whorl (16 on penultimate whorl) and less distinct on last whorl, very obscure on canal. Axial sculpture of very thin but distinct weakly sinuous axial ribs present on all teleoconch whorls, more distinct on penultimate and last whorls, and extending to canal, around 30 on last whorl. Aperture lacking dentition, semi-circular in shape, siphonate. Outer lip simple, not thickened, completely smooth on inside. Columella weakly concave, simple, with slightly thickened narrow callus. Siphonal canal short with weakly constricted but distinct siphonal notch. Operculum corneous, small, irregularly oval, length about half of aperture height. Nucleus lateral. Protoconch persists in one juvenile paratype with SL 3.0 mm (Fig. 2 E–F), paucispiral, of about 1.5 whorls, smooth, diameter 0.75 mm, transition to teleoconch is poorly demarcated by a weak varix. Radula (Fig. 3A) rachiglossan, typical of columbellids with acuspate smooth plate-like central tooth and one lateral tooth on each side. Laterals with narrow bases and three cusps, basal one obtuse and two distal ones sharp and closely spaced. Distribution. Presently known only from both summits of the submarine Piip Volcano (southwestern Bering Sea) at the depths of 373– 468 m. Ecology. Most specimens were collected from a single station on a rock among dense population of Epizoanthus sp. in an area without visible hydrothermal vent activity (Fig. 3 C–D), however two specimens were obtained from the hydrothermal vent habitats in close proximity to Calyptogena beds and bacterial mats. In addition, a study of photographs shows that some molluscs located close to bacterial mats may be A. axicostata n. sp. The value of δ13C of a specimen of A. axicostata n. sp. from a site without bacterial mats indicated prevailing contribution of photosynthetically derived carbon from sinking POM (particulated organic matter) in their nutrition (Kiyashko, Mordukhovich, pers. comm.).. Remarks. The present new species demonstrates little degree of conchological variation. The spiral sculpture can be more distinct in some specimens than in holotype (Fig. 2 F–G). The new species is most similar to A. thermophila, differing in more rounded teleoconch whorls and in the presence of thin but distinct axial ribs. Astyris axicostata n. sp. is attributed to Astyris since it belongs to the same molecularly defined clade as Astyris cf. rosacea, very similar to the type species of the genus. Correspondingly the tentative position of A. thermophila is here confirmed. The radulae of all three studied Astyris species are very similar (Fig. 3), although in A. thermophila the basal cusp of the lateral teeth is more distinct and better defined in comparison with A. axicostata n. sp. and Astyris cf. rosacea . Astyris axicostata n. sp. is the fourth species of the genus recorded from reducing environments and the second species found in hydrothermal vent areas (Table 1). As for the feeding type of A. axicostata n.sp., preliminary data on δ13C indicated organic matter mainly of photosynthetic origin in their diet (Kiyashko, Mordukhovich, pers. comm.). Thus, although found in the area of hydrothermal activity, the species is probably not specific for hydrothermal vents but rather has high tolerance to environmental factors allowing inhabiting areas of hydrothermal activity. Astyris thermophila, so far the only columbellid species of hydrothermal vent community, was found in tubeworm bushes attached on the tubes and in washings of Bathymodiolus mussels. It was suggested that A. thermophila is a predator or ovophagous (Chen et al. 2017). It is not clear whether A. thermophila is a species obligate to the hydrothermal vent habitats, since very similar specimens were recently collected at the methane seeps of the Koryak Slope of Chukotka, western Bering Sea (Nekhaev et al. 2022: 9). We failed in sequencing those specimens and therefore their conspecifity with A. thermophila is not presently confirmed. But it may appear that both A. thermophila and A. axicostata n. sp. can dwell in rather wide types of environments.

Buccinum hasegawai sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2CEE5E56-6C96-445E-91ED-D5E8E30B928F Figs 4, 6A–C; Table 1 Buccinum (Buccinum) bombycinum – Golikov 1980: 327, figs 85, 183, 391, 1 pl. XXXI, 1a–1k (part.) (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum) bombycinum – Golikov & Sirenko 1988: 87 (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum bombycinum – Golikov & Sirenko 1998: 122, fig. 12b; Kantor & Sysoev 2006:160, pl. 74c (non Dall, 1907). ? Buccinum sp. cf. bulimuloideum – Okutani 1964: 414, pl. II fig.12 (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum sp.1 — Sirenko et al. 2013:159. Diagnosis Shell reaching 18.5 mm in length, thin, oval to elongate-oval, smooth. Axial sculpture only of thin growth lines, spiral sculpture absent. Operculum thin, small, less than ¼ of AL, with nucleus notably shifted towards lower outer edge. Etymology Named in honour of Dr Kazunori Hasegawa, Japanese malacologist whose studies made a significant contribution to the systematics of the deep-sea gastropods of Japan and the Pacific. Type material Holotype KURILE ISLANDS • lv; South-east of Simushir I.; 46°40.6′ N, 151°58.4′ E; depth 436 m; R/V Akademik Oparin, cruise 56, stn 19; ZIN 62775, Buc274. Paratypes KURILE ISLANDS • 1 lv (paratype 1, SL 14.8 mm); same collection data as for holotype; ZIN 62902, Buc276 • 1 lv (paratype 2, SL 14.7 mm); Okhotsk Sea, Urup I.; 46°15.9′ N, 150°15.4′ E; depth 450–460 m; R/V Oparin, cruise 56, stn 24; MIMB 42300, Buc273 • 8 lv (SL 9.0– 16.2 mm); Iturup I.; 44°20.8′ N, 148°24.0′ E; depth 414 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition, F/T Toporok, stn 101; 14 Sep 1949; ZIN 26228 • 7 lv; Iturup I.; 44°52′ N, 149°27.7′ E; depth 910–920 m; R/V Odyssey; 25 Jul. 1984; ZIN 48100. Other material examined Sequenced material Holotype, paratypes 1, 2 (see above on localities). Not-sequenced material KURILE ISLANDS • 1 lv (SL 16.5 mm); Shikotan I.; 43°37′ N, 147°19′ E; depth 400 m; R/V Tikhookeanskyi; 11 Jul. 1987; ZIN 62780 • 1 lv (SL 16.0 mm); Iturup I.; 44°05.7′ N, 148°05.4′ E; depth 500 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy; 10 Aug. 1987; ZIN 62779. SEA OF OKHOTSK • 3 lv (SL 15.0–16.0 mm); Southern Sakhalin, 47°50.4′ N, 142°53.5′ E; depth 78 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition; F/T Toporok; stn 145; 30 Sep.–1 Oct. 1949; ZIN 26226. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype, largest specimen). SL 18.5 mm, AL 9.2 mm, SW 8.6 mm. SHELL. Thin, fragile, oval to elongate-oval, smooth, with short siphonal canal, chocolate-brown in fresh specimens to brownish and olive with lighter convex strongly demarcated fasciole. Protoconch eroded in available material, rendering exact whorl count impossible. Teleoconch whorls up to 4+. Suture distinct, adpressed at periphery of previous whorl. SW/SL ratio 0.48 (holotype) to 0.58, LW/SL ratio 0.75 (holotype) to 0.84. Axial sculpture of thin prosocline growth lines, spiral sculpture absent. Aperture large, semi-oval. Outer lip thin, slightly pressed adapically. Columella smooth, nearly straight, sometimes weakly concave, lighter than shell. AL/SL ratio 0.51 (holotype) to 0.63. Siphonal notch wide and rather shallow. Periostracum very thin, smooth, tightly adhering. Operculum (Fig. 6B) small, thin, yellowish, transparent, oval, with nucleus strongly displaced to lower edge, spanning about 0.25 of AL. RADULA (n = 1). Rachidian tooth with rectangular basal plate and three equal, short cusps. Lateral tooth with three cusps, outer cusp longest, intermediate shortest and most narrow (Fig. 6A). PENIS (n = 1). Distal part with large hook-shaped papilla, surrounded by circular fold (Fig. 6C). HEAD- FOOT. Characteristically strongly pigmented on the dorsal side, nearly black in fresh specimens, fading with time in alcohol. Remarks The species is variable in shell shape and coloration (Fig. 4). The shell can range from oval, with a protruded basal edge of the outer apertural lip (Fig. 4E, G) to narrowly oval with non-protruded lip (Fig. 4A–D). Shell color varies from brown to olive, although it is possible that the color fades over time in alcohol, since lightest shells were collected in 1949, while most dark specimens were collected in 2019. The size of the operculum varies significantly, constituting from 1 / 6 to ¼ of AL. Golikov (1980) identified this species (together with B. bizikovi sp. nov.) as Buccinum bombycinum based on Dall’s (1907) incorrect report of the type locality for this species (east coast of Sakhalin, in 53 m). However, it turned out that the type locality was Suruga Bay, Japan in 527 m (Kuroda 1950; Hasegawa & Okutani 2011). Later, when examining the samples in which both new species were sympatric, Golikov & Sirenko (1998) recognized the presence of two species and identified the specimens with a narrow shell as Bathybuccinum bombycinum, and those with a wider shell (B. bizikovi sp. nov.) as B. ovulum. Kantor & Sysoev (2006: 160) pointed out that the specimens identified as B. bombycinum by Golikov and Golikov & Sirenko belong to a different, possibly undescribed species. The new species is clearly different from Buccinum bombycinum (Fig. 4H–I) in having a much narrower, smooth shell with a smaller operculum. Furthermore, in B. bombycinum the upper whorls bear distinct spiral cords (Fig. 4I). Hasegawa & Okutani (2011: fig. 26) illustrated a specimen of B. bombycinum from Sagami Bay with even better developed spiral sculpture, covering the entire shell surface. B. bombycinum is probably endemic of Honshu. For the comparison with B. bizikovi sp. nov. see under remarks of the latter species. In the molecular phylogeny, the new species is clustering with maximal support with two morphologically very different species, Buccinum sp. 1 and Buccinum sp. 2. From the former (Fig. 2I) it differs in much narrower shell and absence of the distinct spiral keel on the shoulder. From the latter (Fig. 2C) the new species differs in much narrower shell, higher spire, lack of spiral cords, and smooth and thin periostracum vs thick and leathery one. Distribution Kurile Is (Iturup I., Shikotan I., Simushir I.), Sea of Okhotsk, South Sakhalin, depth 78– 910 m.

Buccinum bizikovi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A6137049-7001-4443-AFF1-044DE0E0D832 Figs 5, 6D–F Buccinum (Buccinum) bombycinum – Golikov 1980: 327, figs 85, 183, 391, 1 pl. XXXI, 1a–1k (part.) (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum) ovulum – Golikov & Sirenko 1988: 93, figs 13–15 (non Dall, 1895). Bathybuccinum ovulum – Golikov & Sirenko 1998: 122, fig. 12c; Kantor & Sysoev 2006: 160, pl. 74i (non Dall, 1895). Bathybuccinum bombycinum – Kantor & Sysoev 2006: pl. 74d (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum sp. 2 — Sirenko et al. 2013:159. Diagnosis Shell reaching 29.5 mm in length, thin, broadly oval, smooth except inconspicuous, irregularly spaced, sometimes oblique spiral cords. Axial sculpture only of thin growth lines. Operculum thin, small, less than 1/ 5 of AL, brown, with terminal nucleus notably shifted to lower outer operculum edge. Etymology Named in honour of Vyacheslav Bizikov, Soviet and Russian malacologist, who collected deep-water gastropods, including this species, near the Kurile Islands. Type material Holotype KURILE ISLANDS • lv; Iturup I., 44°20.8′ N, 148°24.0′ E; depth 414 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition, F/T Toporok, stn 101; 14 Sep. 1949; ZIN 62781. Paratypes KURILE ISLANDS • 4 lv; same collection data as for holotype; ZIN 62782. Other material examined KURILE ISLANDS • 1 lv (SL 19.1 mm); Shikotan I.; 44°08.1′ N, 147°57.0′ E; depth 285–286 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition, F/T Toporok, stn 93; 13 Sep. 1949; ZIN 62788 • 1 lv (SL 16.9 mm); Iturup I.; 44°58.2′ N, 149°19.0′ E; depth 605–620 m; R/V Odyssey; 25 Jul. 1984; ZIN 48103 • 1 lv (SL 18.0 mm); Simushir I.; depth 450–480 m; R/V Odyssey; 30 Dec. 1984; ZIN 62787 • 1 lv (SL 29.5 mm); Polonskogo I.; 43°19′ N, 146°37′ E; depth 500 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy, stn 10, sample 26; 9 Jul. 1987; ZIN 62785 • 1 lv (SL 14.0 mm); Shikotan I.; 43°37′ N, 147°19′ E; depth 400 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy; 11 Jul. 1987; ZIN 62783 • 1 lv (SL 18.0 mm); Iturup I.; 44°49.5′ N, 149°01.7′ E; depth 650 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy; 13.08.1987; ZIN 62786. SEA OF OKHOTSK • 3 lv (SL 15.0– 23.1 mm); South-eastern Sakhalin, 47°50.4′ N, 142°53.5′ E; depth 78 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition; F/T Toporok; stn 145; 30 Sep.–1 Oct. 1949; ZIN 62783. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype). SL 20.0 mm, AL 13.6 mm, SW 13.1 mm. Largest available specimen attains 29.5 mm. SHELL. Thin, fragile, oval, smooth, with short siphonal canal, pale-brownish to rose- brownish. Protoconch of about 1.5 low, convex whorls, strongly eroded. Teleoconch whorls 3+, suture distinct, adpressed at periphery of previous whorl. SW/SL ratio 0.62–0.67 (0.65 in holotype), LW/SL ratio 0.80–0.81 (0.80 in holotype). Axial sculpture of thin, weakly prosocline growth lines. Spiral sculpture of low, indistinct irregularly spaced, sometimes oblique cords.Aperture large, semi-oval. Outer lip thin, slightly adpressed adapically. Columella straight, smooth. Siphonal notch wide and rather shallow. AL/SL ratio 0.64–0.70 (0.68 in holotype). Periostracum thin, smooth, yellowish brown. Operculum (Fig. 6E) small, spanning less than 0.25 of AL, thin, brownish, translucent, oval, with nucleus shifted to lower edge,. RADULA (n = 1). Rachidian tooth with broad rectangular basal plate and five short cusps nearly equal in length. Lateral tooth with three cusps, outer cusp longest, intermediate shortest and most narrow (Fig. 6D). PENIS (n = 1). Distal end of the penis with cone-shaped papilla, surrounded by circular fold (Fig. 6F). Remarks Specimens of this new species were previously identified as Buccinum bombycinum (Golikov 1980) or Bathybuccinum ovulum (Golikov & Sirenko 1988, 1998). Kantor & Sysoev (2006) suggested that the specimens, identified by Golikov & Sirenko are not conspecific with B. ovulum. The new species differs from B. ovulum (Fig. 5G) in having a higher spire (LW/SL ratio is 0.92 in B. ovulum vs 0.80–0.81 in B. bizikovi) and a smaller operculum (less than 0.25 of AL in B. bizikovi and typically around 0.4 in B. ovulum) with nucleus situated much closer to the edge. The new species differs from B. hasegawai in having a broader shell (SW/SL ratio 0.48–0.58 in B. hasegawai and 0.62–0.67 in B. bizikovi) and a lower aperture (AL/SL ratio 0.51–0.63 in B. hasegawai and 0.64–0.70 in B. bizikovi). Buccinum ovulum sensu Golikov & Sirenko 1988 (non Dall 1907) was designated as the type species of Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum). Therefore, it is a case of misidentified type species and it is now fixed (under Article 70.3 of the Code) as Buccinum bizikovi sp. nov. misidentified as Buccinum ovulum Dall, 1907 in the original designation by Golikov & Sirenko (1988). Distribution Kurile Islands: Simushir, Iturup, Shikotan and Polonskogo Islands, depth 285–650 m; Okhotsk Sea, south-eastern Sakhalin, depth 78 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri, Sirenko, Boris, Zvonareva, Sofya S. & Fedosov, Alexander, 2022, Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum, pp. 11-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 817 on pages 24-28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.817.1759, http://zenodo.org/record/6518035, {"references":["Golikov A. N. 1980. Molluscs Buccininae of the World Ocean. Fauna of USSR, Mollusks 5 (2). Nauka Publ., Leningrad.","Golikov A. N. & Sirenko B. I. 1988. New data on the systematics of the subfamily Buccininae (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Bucciniformis). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Academii Nauk SSSR 187: 85 - 104.","Golikov A. N. & Sirenko B. I. 1998. Prosobranch gastropods of the continental slope of the Kurile Islands. Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 8 (2): 1 - 45.","Kantor Y. & Sysoev A. V. 2006. Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and Adjacent Countries: An Illustrated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow.","Sirenko B. I. (ed.) 2013. Check-list of species of free-living invertebrates of the Russian Far Eastern seas. Explorations of the fauna of the seas 75 (83). Zoological Institute of RAS."]}

Buccinum chinoi nom. nov. Fig. 2G; Table 1 Ovulatibuccinum perlatum – Fraussen & Chino, 2009: 152, 154, figs. 7–8, 17–18. — Hasegawa 2009: 289, fig. 183. Etymology Named in honour of Mr Mitsuo Chino, citizen scientist in malacology, who co-authored the description of Ovulatibuccinum perlatum. Type material Holotype JAPAN • lv (SL 8.4 mm); northeastern Honshu, off Iwate Prefecture; depth 900–1000 m; NSMT-Mo 76771. Distribution Known from the slope of the Japan Trench (type locality), off northeastern Honshu (350–480 m; Hasegawa 2009) and Kurile-Kamchatka Trench. Bathymetric range: the lower continental plateau from 300 m down to abyssal depth of at least 2700 m. Inhabiting muddy and silty bottoms (after Fraussen & Chino, 2009). Remarks After synonimization of Ovulatibuccinum with Buccinum the new combination Buccinum perlatum (Fraussen & Chino, 2009) is becoming the junior secondary homonym of Buccinum perlatum Conrad, 1833 and Buccinum perlatum Küster, 1858 (= Engina natalensis Melvill, 1895). Since there is no known available and potentially valid synonym, according to art. 60.3 of ICZN the name Buccinum perlatum must be replaced by a new substitute name proposed herein.

Buccinum bizikovi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A6137049-7001-4443-AFF1-044DE0E0D832 Figs 5, 6D–F Buccinum (Buccinum) bombycinum – Golikov 1980: 327, figs 85, 183, 391, 1 pl. XXXI, 1a–1k (part.) (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum) ovulum – Golikov & Sirenko 1988: 93, figs 13–15 (non Dall, 1895). Bathybuccinum ovulum – Golikov & Sirenko 1998: 122, fig. 12c; Kantor & Sysoev 2006: 160, pl. 74i (non Dall, 1895). Bathybuccinum bombycinum – Kantor & Sysoev 2006: pl. 74d (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum sp. 2 — Sirenko et al. 2013:159. Diagnosis Shell reaching 29.5 mm in length, thin, broadly oval, smooth except inconspicuous, irregularly spaced, sometimes oblique spiral cords. Axial sculpture only of thin growth lines. Operculum thin, small, less than 1/ 5 of AL, brown, with terminal nucleus notably shifted to lower outer operculum edge. Etymology Named in honour of Vyacheslav Bizikov, Soviet and Russian malacologist, who collected deep-water gastropods, including this species, near the Kurile Islands. Type material Holotype KURILE ISLANDS • lv; Iturup I., 44°20.8′ N, 148°24.0′ E; depth 414 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition, F/T Toporok, stn 101; 14 Sep. 1949; ZIN 62781. Paratypes KURILE ISLANDS • 4 lv; same collection data as for holotype; ZIN 62782. Other material examined KURILE ISLANDS • 1 lv (SL 19.1 mm); Shikotan I.; 44°08.1′ N, 147°57.0′ E; depth 285–286 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition, F/T Toporok, stn 93; 13 Sep. 1949; ZIN 62788 • 1 lv (SL 16.9 mm); Iturup I.; 44°58.2′ N, 149°19.0′ E; depth 605–620 m; R/V Odyssey; 25 Jul. 1984; ZIN 48103 • 1 lv (SL 18.0 mm); Simushir I.; depth 450–480 m; R/V Odyssey; 30 Dec. 1984; ZIN 62787 • 1 lv (SL 29.5 mm); Polonskogo I.; 43°19′ N, 146°37′ E; depth 500 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy, stn 10, sample 26; 9 Jul. 1987; ZIN 62785 • 1 lv (SL 14.0 mm); Shikotan I.; 43°37′ N, 147°19′ E; depth 400 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy; 11 Jul. 1987; ZIN 62783 • 1 lv (SL 18.0 mm); Iturup I.; 44°49.5′ N, 149°01.7′ E; depth 650 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy; 13.08.1987; ZIN 62786. SEA OF OKHOTSK • 3 lv (SL 15.0– 23.1 mm); South-eastern Sakhalin, 47°50.4′ N, 142°53.5′ E; depth 78 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition; F/T Toporok; stn 145; 30 Sep.–1 Oct. 1949; ZIN 62783. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype). SL 20.0 mm, AL 13.6 mm, SW 13.1 mm. Largest available specimen attains 29.5 mm. SHELL. Thin, fragile, oval, smooth, with short siphonal canal, pale-brownish to rose- brownish. Protoconch of about 1.5 low, convex whorls, strongly eroded. Teleoconch whorls 3+, suture distinct, adpressed at periphery of previous whorl. SW/SL ratio 0.62–0.67 (0.65 in holotype), LW/SL ratio 0.80–0.81 (0.80 in holotype). Axial sculpture of thin, weakly prosocline growth lines. Spiral sculpture of low, indistinct irregularly spaced, sometimes oblique cords.Aperture large, semi-oval. Outer lip thin, slightly adpressed adapically. Columella straight, smooth. Siphonal notch wide and rather shallow. AL/SL ratio 0.64–0.70 (0.68 in holotype). Periostracum thin, smooth, yellowish brown. Operculum (Fig. 6E) small, spanning less than 0.25 of AL, thin, brownish, translucent, oval, with nucleus shifted to lower edge,. RADULA (n = 1). Rachidian tooth with broad rectangular basal plate and five short cusps nearly equal in length. Lateral tooth with three cusps, outer cusp longest, intermediate shortest and most narrow (Fig. 6D). PENIS (n = 1). Distal end of the penis with cone-shaped papilla, surrounded by circular fold (Fig. 6F). Remarks Specimens of this new species were previously identified as Buccinum bombycinum (Golikov 1980) or Bathybuccinum ovulum (Golikov & Sirenko 1988, 1998). Kantor & Sysoev (2006) suggested that the specimens, identified by Golikov & Sirenko are not conspecific with B. ovulum. The new species differs from B. ovulum (Fig. 5G) in having a higher spire (LW/SL ratio is 0.92 in B. ovulum vs 0.80–0.81 in B. bizikovi) and a smaller operculum (less than 0.25 of AL in B. bizikovi and typically around 0.4 in B. ovulum) with nucleus situated much closer to the edge. The new species differs from B. hasegawai in having a broader shell (SW/SL ratio 0.48–0.58 in B. hasegawai and 0.62–0.67 in B. bizikovi) and a lower aperture (AL/SL ratio 0.51–0.63 in B. hasegawai and 0.64–0.70 in B. bizikovi). Buccinum ovulum sensu Golikov & Sirenko 1988 (non Dall 1907) was designated as the type species of Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum). Therefore, it is a case of misidentified type species and it is now fixed (under Article 70.3 of the Code) as Buccinum bizikovi sp. nov. misidentified as Buccinum ovulum Dall, 1907 in the original designation by Golikov & Sirenko (1988). Distribution Kurile Islands: Simushir, Iturup, Shikotan and Polonskogo Islands, depth 285–650 m; Okhotsk Sea, south-eastern Sakhalin, depth 78 m.

Buccinum chinoi nom. nov. Fig. 2G; Table 1 Ovulatibuccinum perlatum – Fraussen & Chino, 2009: 152, 154, figs. 7–8, 17–18. — Hasegawa 2009: 289, fig. 183. Etymology Named in honour of Mr Mitsuo Chino, citizen scientist in malacology, who co-authored the description of Ovulatibuccinum perlatum. Type material Holotype JAPAN • lv (SL 8.4 mm); northeastern Honshu, off Iwate Prefecture; depth 900–1000 m; NSMT-Mo 76771. Distribution Known from the slope of the Japan Trench (type locality), off northeastern Honshu (350–480 m; Hasegawa 2009) and Kurile-Kamchatka Trench. Bathymetric range: the lower continental plateau from 300 m down to abyssal depth of at least 2700 m. Inhabiting muddy and silty bottoms (after Fraussen & Chino, 2009). Remarks After synonimization of Ovulatibuccinum with Buccinum the new combination Buccinum perlatum (Fraussen & Chino, 2009) is becoming the junior secondary homonym of Buccinum perlatum Conrad, 1833 and Buccinum perlatum Küster, 1858 (= Engina natalensis Melvill, 1895). Since there is no known available and potentially valid synonym, according to art. 60.3 of ICZN the name Buccinum perlatum must be replaced by a new substitute name proposed herein., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri, Sirenko, Boris, Zvonareva, Sofya S. & Fedosov, Alexander, 2022, Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum, pp. 11-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 817 on page 28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.817.1759, http://zenodo.org/record/6518035, {"references":["Fraussen K. & Chino M. 2009. The deep-water genera Bathybuccinum and Ovulatibuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1988 (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) in Japan and adjacent waters, with description of three new species. Venus 67 (3 - 4): 145 - 157.","Hasegawa K. 2009. Upper bathyal gastropods of the Pacific coast of northern Honshu, Japan, chiefly collected by R / V Wakataka-maru. In: Fujita T. (ed.) Deep - sea Fauna and Pollutants off Pacific Coast of Northern Japan. National Museum of Nature and Science Monographs 39: 225 - 383."]}

Buccinum golikovi nom. nov. Buccinum coronatum Golikov, 1980: 359–360, fig. 407 (2) pl. 34 (2a, 2b). — Kantor & Sysoev 2006:163, pl. 76b (holotype). Etymology Named in honour of late Dr Alexander Golikov, outstanding Soviet and Russian malacologist who among other works produced a comprehensive revision of Buccinum. Type material Holotype NEWFOUNDLAND BANK • lv (SL 42.2 mm); ZIN 26156/1. Distribution Newfoundland Bank, western Laptev Sea; depth 46–55 m (Golikov 1980). Remarks The name Buccinum coronatum Golikov, 1980 is a junior primary homonym of Buccinum coronatum Bruguière, 1789 [= Nassarius coronatus (Bruguière, 1789)], Buccinum coronatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 [= Nassarius distortus (A. Adams, 1852)] and Buccinum coronatum Gmelin, 1791 [= Nassa serta (Bruguière, 1789)]. Since there is no known available and potentially valid synonym, according to art. 60.3 of ICZN the name Buccinum coronatum Golikov, 1980 must be replaced by a new substitute name proposed herein., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri, Sirenko, Boris, Zvonareva, Sofya S. & Fedosov, Alexander, 2022, Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum, pp. 11-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 817 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.817.1759, http://zenodo.org/record/6518035, {"references":["Golikov A. N. 1980. Molluscs Buccininae of the World Ocean. Fauna of USSR, Mollusks 5 (2). Nauka Publ., Leningrad.","Kantor Y. & Sysoev A. V. 2006. Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and Adjacent Countries: An Illustrated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow."]}

Buccinum gulbini nom. nov. Buccinum costatum Golikov, 1980: 338–340, figs. 90, 187, 397 pl. 32 (2a, 2b). — Kantor & Sysoev 2006:164, pl. 78f (holotype). Etymology Named in honour of Dr Vladimir Gulbin, Soviet and Russian malacologist, who studied gastropods of the Far East seas and Kurile Islands. Type material Holotype BERING SEA • lv (SL 88.5 mm); Bristol Bay; 54°20′7′′ N, 166°58′8′′ W; depth 600–760 m; F/T Adler, stn 90; 1 Oct. 1964; ZIN 15778/1. Distribution Bristol Bay of the Bering Sea and northern Kurile Islands; depth 250–820 m (Golikov 1980). Remarks The name Buccinum costatum Golikov, 1980 is a junior primary homonym of Buccinum costatum Linnaeus, 1758 [= Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758)] and Buccinum costatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 [= Cominella eburnea (Reeve, 1846)]. Since there is no known available and potentially valid synonym, according to art. 60.3 of ICZN the name Buccinum costatum Golikov, 1980 must be replaced by a new substitute name proposed herein., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri, Sirenko, Boris, Zvonareva, Sofya S. & Fedosov, Alexander, 2022, Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum, pp. 11-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 817 on page 29, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.817.1759, http://zenodo.org/record/6518035, {"references":["Golikov A. N. 1980. Molluscs Buccininae of the World Ocean. Fauna of USSR, Mollusks 5 (2). Nauka Publ., Leningrad.","Kantor Y. & Sysoev A. V. 2006. Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and Adjacent Countries: An Illustrated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow."]}

Buccinum hasegawai sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2CEE5E56-6C96-445E-91ED-D5E8E30B928F Figs 4, 6A–C; Table 1 Buccinum (Buccinum) bombycinum – Golikov 1980: 327, figs 85, 183, 391, 1 pl. XXXI, 1a–1k (part.) (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum) bombycinum – Golikov & Sirenko 1988: 87 (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum bombycinum – Golikov & Sirenko 1998: 122, fig. 12b; Kantor & Sysoev 2006:160, pl. 74c (non Dall, 1907). ? Buccinum sp. cf. bulimuloideum – Okutani 1964: 414, pl. II fig.12 (non Dall 1907). Bathybuccinum sp.1 — Sirenko et al. 2013:159. Diagnosis Shell reaching 18.5 mm in length, thin, oval to elongate-oval, smooth. Axial sculpture only of thin growth lines, spiral sculpture absent. Operculum thin, small, less than ¼ of AL, with nucleus notably shifted towards lower outer edge. Etymology Named in honour of Dr Kazunori Hasegawa, Japanese malacologist whose studies made a significant contribution to the systematics of the deep-sea gastropods of Japan and the Pacific. Type material Holotype KURILE ISLANDS • lv; South-east of Simushir I.; 46°40.6′ N, 151°58.4′ E; depth 436 m; R/V Akademik Oparin, cruise 56, stn 19; ZIN 62775, Buc274. Paratypes KURILE ISLANDS • 1 lv (paratype 1, SL 14.8 mm); same collection data as for holotype; ZIN 62902, Buc276 • 1 lv (paratype 2, SL 14.7 mm); Okhotsk Sea, Urup I.; 46°15.9′ N, 150°15.4′ E; depth 450–460 m; R/V Oparin, cruise 56, stn 24; MIMB 42300, Buc273 • 8 lv (SL 9.0– 16.2 mm); Iturup I.; 44°20.8′ N, 148°24.0′ E; depth 414 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition, F/T Toporok, stn 101; 14 Sep 1949; ZIN 26228 • 7 lv; Iturup I.; 44°52′ N, 149°27.7′ E; depth 910–920 m; R/V Odyssey; 25 Jul. 1984; ZIN 48100. Other material examined Sequenced material Holotype, paratypes 1, 2 (see above on localities). Not-sequenced material KURILE ISLANDS • 1 lv (SL 16.5 mm); Shikotan I.; 43°37′ N, 147°19′ E; depth 400 m; R/V Tikhookeanskyi; 11 Jul. 1987; ZIN 62780 • 1 lv (SL 16.0 mm); Iturup I.; 44°05.7′ N, 148°05.4′ E; depth 500 m; R/V Tikhookeanskiy; 10 Aug. 1987; ZIN 62779. SEA OF OKHOTSK • 3 lv (SL 15.0–16.0 mm); Southern Sakhalin, 47°50.4′ N, 142°53.5′ E; depth 78 m; Kurile-Sakhalin Expedition; F/T Toporok; stn 145; 30 Sep.–1 Oct. 1949; ZIN 26226. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype, largest specimen). SL 18.5 mm, AL 9.2 mm, SW 8.6 mm. SHELL. Thin, fragile, oval to elongate-oval, smooth, with short siphonal canal, chocolate-brown in fresh specimens to brownish and olive with lighter convex strongly demarcated fasciole. Protoconch eroded in available material, rendering exact whorl count impossible. Teleoconch whorls up to 4+. Suture distinct, adpressed at periphery of previous whorl. SW/SL ratio 0.48 (holotype) to 0.58, LW/SL ratio 0.75 (holotype) to 0.84. Axial sculpture of thin prosocline growth lines, spiral sculpture absent. Aperture large, semi-oval. Outer lip thin, slightly pressed adapically. Columella smooth, nearly straight, sometimes weakly concave, lighter than shell. AL/SL ratio 0.51 (holotype) to 0.63. Siphonal notch wide and rather shallow. Periostracum very thin, smooth, tightly adhering. Operculum (Fig. 6B) small, thin, yellowish, transparent, oval, with nucleus strongly displaced to lower edge, spanning about 0.25 of AL. RADULA (n = 1). Rachidian tooth with rectangular basal plate and three equal, short cusps. Lateral tooth with three cusps, outer cusp longest, intermediate shortest and most narrow (Fig. 6A). PENIS (n = 1). Distal part with large hook-shaped papilla, surrounded by circular fold (Fig. 6C). HEAD- FOOT. Characteristically strongly pigmented on the dorsal side, nearly black in fresh specimens, fading with time in alcohol. Remarks The species is variable in shell shape and coloration (Fig. 4). The shell can range from oval, with a protruded basal edge of the outer apertural lip (Fig. 4E, G) to narrowly oval with non-protruded lip (Fig. 4A–D). Shell color varies from brown to olive, although it is possible that the color fades over time in alcohol, since lightest shells were collected in 1949, while most dark specimens were collected in 2019. The size of the operculum varies significantly, constituting from 1 / 6 to ¼ of AL. Golikov (1980) identified this species (together with B. bizikovi sp. nov.) as Buccinum bombycinum based on Dall’s (1907) incorrect report of the type locality for this species (east coast of Sakhalin, in 53 m). However, it turned out that the type locality was Suruga Bay, Japan in 527 m (Kuroda 1950; Hasegawa & Okutani 2011). Later, when examining the samples in which both new species were sympatric, Golikov & Sirenko (1998) recognized the presence of two species and identified the specimens with a narrow shell as Bathybuccinum bombycinum, and those with a wider shell (B. bizikovi sp. nov.) as B. ovulum. Kantor & Sysoev (2006: 160) pointed out that the specimens identified as B. bombycinum by Golikov and Golikov & Sirenko belong to a different, possibly undescribed species. The new species is clearly different from Buccinum bombycinum (Fig. 4H–I) in having a much narrower, smooth shell with a smaller operculum. Furthermore, in B. bombycinum the upper whorls bear distinct spiral cords (Fig. 4I). Hasegawa & Okutani (2011: fig. 26) illustrated a specimen of B. bombycinum from Sagami Bay with even better developed spiral sculpture, covering the entire shell surface. B. bombycinum is probably endemic of Honshu. For the comparison with B. bizikovi sp. nov. see under remarks of the latter species. In the molecular phylogeny, the new species is clustering with maximal support with two morphologically very different species, Buccinum sp. 1 and Buccinum sp. 2. From the former (Fig. 2I) it differs in much narrower shell and absence of the distinct spiral keel on the shoulder. From the latter (Fig. 2C) the new species differs in much narrower shell, higher spire, lack of spiral cords, and smooth and thin periostracum vs thick and leathery one. Distribution Kurile Is (Iturup I., Shikotan I., Simushir I.), Sea of Okhotsk, South Sakhalin, depth 78– 910 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri, Sirenko, Boris, Zvonareva, Sofya S. & Fedosov, Alexander, 2022, Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum, pp. 11-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 817 on pages 21-24, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.817.1759, http://zenodo.org/record/6518035, {"references":["Golikov A. N. 1980. Molluscs Buccininae of the World Ocean. Fauna of USSR, Mollusks 5 (2). Nauka Publ., Leningrad.","Golikov A. N. & Sirenko B. I. 1988. New data on the systematics of the subfamily Buccininae (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Bucciniformis). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Academii Nauk SSSR 187: 85 - 104.","Golikov A. N. & Sirenko B. I. 1998. Prosobranch gastropods of the continental slope of the Kurile Islands. Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 8 (2): 1 - 45.","Kantor Y. & Sysoev A. V. 2006. Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and Adjacent Countries: An Illustrated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow.","Sirenko B. I. (ed.) 2013. Check-list of species of free-living invertebrates of the Russian Far Eastern seas. Explorations of the fauna of the seas 75 (83). Zoological Institute of RAS.","Kuroda T. 1950. Localities of shells during the 1906 research cruise of Albatross. Yumehamaguri 48: 386 - 388.","Hasegawa K. & Okutani T. 2011. A review of bathyal shell-bearing gastropods in Sagami Bay. Memoir of the National Science Museum, Tokyo 47: 97 - 144."]}

Buccinum gulbini nom. nov. Buccinum costatum Golikov, 1980: 338–340, figs. 90, 187, 397 pl. 32 (2a, 2b). — Kantor & Sysoev 2006:164, pl. 78f (holotype). Etymology Named in honour of Dr Vladimir Gulbin, Soviet and Russian malacologist, who studied gastropods of the Far East seas and Kurile Islands. Type material Holotype BERING SEA • lv (SL 88.5 mm); Bristol Bay; 54°20′7′′ N, 166°58′8′′ W; depth 600–760 m; F/T Adler, stn 90; 1 Oct. 1964; ZIN 15778/1. Distribution Bristol Bay of the Bering Sea and northern Kurile Islands; depth 250–820 m (Golikov 1980). Remarks The name Buccinum costatum Golikov, 1980 is a junior primary homonym of Buccinum costatum Linnaeus, 1758 [= Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758)] and Buccinum costatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 [= Cominella eburnea (Reeve, 1846)]. Since there is no known available and potentially valid synonym, according to art. 60.3 of ICZN the name Buccinum costatum Golikov, 1980 must be replaced by a new substitute name proposed herein.

Genus Buccinum Linnaeus, 1758 Buccinum (Thysanobuccinum) Golikov & Gulbin in Golikov, 1980, syn. nov. Bathybuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1988. Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinum) Golikov & Sirenko, 1988, syn. nov., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri, Sirenko, Boris, Zvonareva, Sofya S. & Fedosov, Alexander, 2022, Taxonomic status of genera of Buccininae (Neogastropoda, Buccinidae) updated based on molecular data with description of new species and corrections of nomenclature of Buccinum, pp. 11-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 817 on page 21, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.817.1759, http://zenodo.org/record/6518035, {"references":["Golikov A. N. 1980. Molluscs Buccininae of the World Ocean. Fauna of USSR, Mollusks 5 (2). Nauka Publ., Leningrad.","Golikov A. N. & Sirenko B. I. 1988. New data on the systematics of the subfamily Buccininae (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Bucciniformis). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Academii Nauk SSSR 187: 85 - 104."]}

FAMILY COLIDAE GRAY, 1857 (NEW RANK) (FIGS 5F���L, 6D) Type genus: Colus R��ding, 1798., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Fedosov, Alexander E., Kosyan, Alisa R., Puillandre, Nicolas, Sorokin, Pavel A., Kano, Yasunori, Clark, Roger & Bouchet, Philippe, 2022, Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda), pp. 789-857 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 806, {"references":["Gray JE. 1857. Guide to the systematic distribution of Mollusca in the British Museum. Part I. London: Taylor & Francis.","Roding PF. 1798. Museum Boltenianum ..., Pars secunda continens conchylia sive testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. Hamburg: Christ."]}

FAMILY PRODOTIIDAE FAM. NOV. (FIGS 19, 20C–F) Type genus: Prodotia Dall, 1924.

FAMILY PROSIPHONIDAE POWELL, 1951 (NEW RANK) (FIGS 8, 9) Type genus: Prosipho Thiele, 1912., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Fedosov, Alexander E., Kosyan, Alisa R., Puillandre, Nicolas, Sorokin, Pavel A., Kano, Yasunori, Clark, Roger & Bouchet, Philippe, 2022, Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda), pp. 789-857 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 811, {"references":["Powell AWB. 1951. Antarctic. and Subantarctic Mollusca: Pelecypoda and Gastropoda. Discovery Reports 26: 47 - 196, pls 5 - 10.","Thiele J. 1912. Die antarktischen Schnecken und Muscheln. Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903 13: 183 - 285, pls 11 - 19."]}

FAMILY BELOMITRIDAE KANTOR ET AL., 2012 (FIGS 3F, G, 4D���F) Type genus: Belomitra P.Fischer, 1883., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Fedosov, Alexander E., Kosyan, Alisa R., Puillandre, Nicolas, Sorokin, Pavel A., Kano, Yasunori, Clark, Roger & Bouchet, Philippe, 2022, Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda), pp. 789-857 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 803

FAMILY EOSIPHONIDAE FAM. NOV. (FIGS 6E–L, 7) Type genus: Eosipho Thiele, 1929.

FAMILY PRODOTIIDAE FAM. NOV. (FIGS 19, 20C���F) Type genus: Prodotia Dall, 1924., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Fedosov, Alexander E., Kosyan, Alisa R., Puillandre, Nicolas, Sorokin, Pavel A., Kano, Yasunori, Clark, Roger & Bouchet, Philippe, 2022, Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda), pp. 789-857 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 835

SUBFAMILY TOMLINIINAE SUBFAM. NOV. Type genus: Tomlinia Peile, 1937., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Fedosov, Alexander E., Kosyan, Alisa R., Puillandre, Nicolas, Sorokin, Pavel A., Kano, Yasunori, Clark, Roger & Bouchet, Philippe, 2022, Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda), pp. 789-857 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 846

SUBFAMILY TOMLINIINAE SUBFAM. NOV. Type genus: Tomlinia Peile, 1937.

FAMILY EOSIPHONIDAE FAM. NOV. (FIGS 6E���L, 7) Type genus: Eosipho Thiele, 1929., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Fedosov, Alexander E., Kosyan, Alisa R., Puillandre, Nicolas, Sorokin, Pavel A., Kano, Yasunori, Clark, Roger & Bouchet, Philippe, 2022, Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda), pp. 789-857 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 808, {"references":["Thiele H. 1929. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Vol. 1, part 1. Fischer, Jena."]}

Sibogasyrinx clausura sp. nov. (= PSH 10) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 27ED0BF0-C78A-41E1-9064-E3EB0492864A Figs 10D–M, 11A–B Diagnosis Shell medium-sized, reaching 41.5 mm in length, fusiform, subsutural ramp concave on upper teleoconch whorls, weakly so on last whorl, nearly smooth (except for the axial riblets), shoulder bearing nodules on spire whorls, absent on last whorl. Spiral sculpture of weak, closely spaced cords on and below shoulder. Radula with central tooth and longitudinally folded marginal teeth with weakly thickened edges. Etymology Latin ‘ clausura ’ (noun in apposition), meaning ‘lockdown’, with reference to the sanitary restrictions associated with SARS-COV-2 that prevailed over much of the World when this manuscript was finalized. Material examined Holotype NEW CALEDONIA • Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°20′ S, 157°55′ E; depth 963–970 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4964; MNHN-IM-2013-48256. Other material (all sequenced) AUSTRALIA • 1 lv; New South Wales, off Byron Bay; 28°03′ S, 154°05′ E; depth 999–1013 m; R/V Investigator, cruise IN2017_ V03 _100; AMS C.519344. NEW CALEDONIA • 1 lv; Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°21′ S, 158°00′ E; depth 978–1000 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4963; MNHN-IM-2013-48244 • 3 lv; Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°20′ S, 157°50′ E; depth 961 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4965; MNHN-IM-2013-48144, MNHN-IM-2013-48169, MNHN-IM-2013-48258 • 2 lv; Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°10′ S, 157°46′ E; depth 975–980 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4966; MNHN-IM-2013-48167, MNHN-IM-2013-48235. SOLOMON ISLANDS • 1 lv; Sta Isabel I.; 08°47′ S, 159°38′ E; depth 762–1060 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2182; MNHN-IM-2009-16763. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype, largest specimen). SL 41.4 mm, AL (with canal) 23.0 mm, AL (without canal) 13.7 mm, SW 12.4 mm. SHELL (holotype). Moderately thick, slightly glossy, strong except for fragile and partially broken outer aperture lip, narrowly fusiform, with high spire and moderately long, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of about 1.5 strongly convex, eroded whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition marked by strongly arcuate axial rib, corresponding to shape of growth lines, followed by 10 thinner and weaker axial ribs and rather thickened growth lines. Protoconch diameter 1.0 mm, height 0.84 mm. Spire whorls distinctly angled at shoulder, last whorl with scarcely discernible shoulder. Total teleoconch whorls just over 8. Suture shallowly impressed, subsutural ramp broad, concave, on last whorl weakly concave. Subsutural region with a row of distinct, dense, narrow, short, prosocline axial wrinkles, corresponding to upper parts of thickened growth lines, extending from suture to upper ⅓ of ramp, increasing in number from 22 on first whorl to 42 on penultimate and 50 on last whorl. Shoulder of teleoconch whorls (except last one) with a row of distinct opisthoclinely elongated nodules, extending to abapical suture and intersected by spiral cords, increasing in number from 13 on first whorl to 21 on antepenultimate and penultimate whorls. Subsutural ramp smooth except for axial wrinkles mentioned above. Spiral cords intersecting shoulder nodules beginning on 2 rd teleoconch whorls (due to corrosion of shell their number is unclear) and becoming progressively stronger, 7 on antepenultimate and 8 on penultimate whorl. Cords closely spaced with intervals about half the width of cords. On last whorl cords covering entire shell surface below indistinct shoulder, about 40 cords in total, of which 20 on canal. Cords weak, slightly wavy, very closely spaced just below suture and with intervals 0.5–1.0 times cord width on shell base and canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards narrow, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with narrow, moderately thick parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, evenly convex and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus shallow, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip as deduced from growth lines. Shell off-white, with slightly darker subsutural ramp, protoconch light tan. Periostracum smooth, retained between cords and ribs. ANATOMY (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-16763). Male. Penis obliquely truncated at tip with short, large, conical papilla occupying entire anterior part of penis, surrounded by circular fold.Eyes present.Proboscis moderately long, conical, with expanded base. Proboscis retractors not defined, entire posterior part of proboscis base muscular. Salivary glands small, not fused, with very long ducts that run within walls of oesophagus. Buccal mass moderately large, about ⅓ of proboscis length, basal, protruding backwards beyond proboscis base, radular sac lying outside proboscis. Venom gland very large, thick and strongly convoluted, very constricted before opening into oesophagus in region of nerve ring. Muscular bulb moderately large. RADULA (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-16763, AL 10.6 mm) (Fig. 11A–B). Relatively short, comprising 38 rows of teeth, 16 nascent. Radula length 1.65 mm (15.5% of AL without canal), width up to 250 μm (2.35% of AL without canal). Central tooth with basal plate, having distinct anterior and lateral borders and long, narrow, sharply-pointed cusp. Anterior margin overlapped by preceding row, posterior margin almost evenly rounded except for narrow protrusion adjoining cusp. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped with weakly thickened edges during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed, with both margins overlapping at tooth tip. The resulting folded tooth is moderately broad with a sharp pointed tip, border between margins appears as a narrow groove along anterior edge. Tooth folding occurs within 15–16 th row of teeth (counting from rear). Remarks The other specimens are very similar to the holotype in shell shape and sculpture. In some specimens there is very indistinct spiral striation on the subsutural ramp and a single very weak spiral cord may even be present. This species is most similar to Sibogasyrinx maximei sp. nov., but differs in having more numerous and narrower subsutural axial wrinkles (50 vs 43 on last whorl and 42 vs 34 on penultimate one) and less numerous (40 vs 50) spiral cords on the last whorl, the holotypes of both species being of almost the same size. Nevertheless, S. maximei sp. nov. is only represented in our material by a single specimen and thus its intraspecific variability remains unknown. The two species are broadly sympatric in the Solomon Islands, but are clearly differentiated in our molecular analysis. Distribution This species occurs in the Solomon Islands, New South Wales and on the Coriolis Bank in the Coral Sea, at 762–1060 m. This bathymetric range corresponds to a single haul in the Solomon Islands, while all other specimens were collected at 960–1000 m, indicating a narrower bathymetric range for the species.

Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis (Schepman, 1913) 1 (= PSH 2) Figs 3A–G, 4A–B Material examined (all sequenced) PHILIPPINES • 1 lv; 15°20′ N, 121°37′ E; depth 593–600 m; AURORA 2007, stn CP2729; MNHN- IM-2009-13451. SOUTH CHINA SEA • 2 lv; 20°01′ N, 115°02′ E; depth 700–723 m; NanHai 2014, stn CP4118; MNHN- IM-2013-44574, MNHN-IM-2013-44605 • 1 lv; 20°29′ N, 116°08′ E; depth 590–633 m; DongSha 2014, stn CP4129; MNHN-IM-2013-50215. Description MEASUREMENTS (largest specimen). SL 65.2 mm, AL (with canal) 35.1 mm, AL (without canal) 21.0 mm, SW 18.5 mm. SHELL. Moderately thick, strong except for fragile outer aperture lip, fusiform, with high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of about 1.5 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls, eroded or missing in all specimens. Early teleoconch whorls weakly to moderately angular at shoulder. Largest available specimen (SL 65.2 mm) of 10.3 teleoconch whorls. Suture shallowly impressed, subsutural ramp broad, weakly concave to flat. All teleoconch whorls with a subsutural row of nodules, corresponding in shape to upper parts of thickened growth lines. Nodules more distinct on upper whorls, increasing in number, up to 30 on penultimate whorl and 37 on last whorl in largest specimen. Subsutural ramp may be completely smooth, or sometimes with very weak spiral striation or dendritic lines. Shoulder with pronounced thickened and rounded nodules, reaching lower suture, weakly opisthocline on upper whorls and more strongly inclined and confluent with growth lines on lower whorls. Nodules evanesce on last and even penultimate whorls at SL over 50 mm and shoulder becomes evenly rounded; their number increase with size from 14–15 on upper whorls to 21–22 on lower whorls. Spiral sculpture of 3–6 moderately pronounced, closely spaced narrow cords on shoulder, crossing shoulder nodules on spire whorls. Last whorl below shoulder with 40–45 cords varying in width, their intervals 0.5–2 times width of cords, also distinct on canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards long, narrow, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with narrow and thin parietal callus, outer lip with rounded angle at shoulder, weakly convex below shoulder and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Shell off-white with very light yellowish subsutural band, protoconch pale tan. Periostracum persists on part of shell, light yellowish. ANATOMY. Foregut similar to that of Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis 2 (see below), except for presence of a large oval accessory salivary gland, adjoining oesophagus, with rather thick duct, entering proboscis and following along its wall. RADULA (n = 2; MNHN-IM-2009-13451, MNHN-IM-2013-50215). Comprising approximately 40 rows of teeth, 15 nascent, short, length ca 2.5 mm (15% of AL without canal). Radula width up to 530 μm (3.3% of AL without canal). Central tooth with broad, subrectangular basal plate and anteriorly broadly concave, borders distinct and with narrow but rather long, sharply pointed cusp. Marginal teeth with strongly thickened posterior edges, folded longitudinally. When immature, teeth nearly flat with elevated posterior edge, on developing part of radular tooth folding clearly visible (on Fig. 4A not fully folded teeth are marked by white arrows), bringing posterior and anterior edges close together. During tooth maturation the edges, particularly posterior one, progressively thicken, so that fully formed tooth appears duplex (Fig. 4B). Distribution The confirmed distribution is the South China Sea and the Philippines Sea, at 590– 700 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 30-32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Schepman M. M. 1913. The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part 5. Toxoglossa. Siboga-Expeditie 49 (5): 365 - 452. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34450646 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021].","Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021]."]}

Sibogasyrinx archibenthalis (Powell, 1969) Fig. 3R–T Leucosyrinx (Sibogasyrinx) archibenthalis Powell, 1969: 344, pl. 264 figs 6–7. Material examined Holotype PHILIPPINES • Mindanao I., Iligan Bay, Tabu Point; 08°16′45″ N, 124°02′49″ E; depth 924 m; R/V Albatross, stn 5513; USNM 238773. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype). SL 41.8 mm. SHELL. Fusiform, narrow, with high, very narrow, flat-sided spire and relatively short, almost straight, un-notched siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of 1.5 smooth whorls. Teleoconch of 12 whorls. Spire whorl profile quite straight and descending steeply to a narrowly rounded, flange-like, peripheral carina, abutting lower suture. Last whorl distinctly angled by peripheral carina, and base rapidly contracting toward moderately long anterior canal. Axial sculpture of rounded peripheral nodules, about 13 per whorl, but these become obsolete on last two whorls; subsutural nodules or folds lacking. Spiral sculpture of dense well defined and regular spiral cords, 11–12 on subsutural ramp. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Colour opaque white, covered by a thin pale buff periostracum. Remarks The species is known only from the holotype. In shell shape it is most similar to S. pyramidalis. The differences are most obvious when comparing specimens of the same size (e.g., Fig.3 D–F and 3R); the last whorl is lower and the canal is proportionally much shorter in S. archibenthalis, while the spiral cords on the subsutural ramp are more pronounced and are of the same strength as on the remaining part of the last whorl. The last whorl is more angular in S. archibenthalis and the shell has a higher number of teleoconch whorls; in the holotype of S. archibenthalis the number of teleoconch whorls is 12 (SL 43 mm), compared with 9.5 (SL 46.8 mm) in samples of S. cf. pyramidalis 1 from the Philippines of similar shell size. Therefore, at present we consider S. archibenthalis to be a valid species., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on page 35, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021]."]}

Sibogasyrinx clausura sp. nov. (= PSH 10) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 27ED0BF0-C78A-41E1-9064-E3EB0492864A Figs 10D–M, 11A–B Diagnosis Shell medium-sized, reaching 41.5 mm in length, fusiform, subsutural ramp concave on upper teleoconch whorls, weakly so on last whorl, nearly smooth (except for the axial riblets), shoulder bearing nodules on spire whorls, absent on last whorl. Spiral sculpture of weak, closely spaced cords on and below shoulder. Radula with central tooth and longitudinally folded marginal teeth with weakly thickened edges. Etymology Latin ‘ clausura ’ (noun in apposition), meaning ‘lockdown’, with reference to the sanitary restrictions associated with SARS-COV-2 that prevailed over much of the World when this manuscript was finalized. Material examined Holotype NEW CALEDONIA • Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°20′ S, 157°55′ E; depth 963–970 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4964; MNHN-IM-2013-48256. Other material (all sequenced) AUSTRALIA • 1 lv; New South Wales, off Byron Bay; 28°03′ S, 154°05′ E; depth 999–1013 m; R/V Investigator, cruise IN2017_ V03 _100; AMS C.519344. NEW CALEDONIA • 1 lv; Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°21′ S, 158°00′ E; depth 978–1000 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4963; MNHN-IM-2013-48244 • 3 lv; Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°20′ S, 157°50′ E; depth 961 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4965; MNHN-IM-2013-48144, MNHN-IM-2013-48169, MNHN-IM-2013-48258 • 2 lv; Coral Sea, Coriolis Bank; 21°10′ S, 157°46′ E; depth 975–980 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4966; MNHN-IM-2013-48167, MNHN-IM-2013-48235. SOLOMON ISLANDS • 1 lv; Sta Isabel I.; 08°47′ S, 159°38′ E; depth 762–1060 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2182; MNHN-IM-2009-16763. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype, largest specimen). SL 41.4 mm, AL (with canal) 23.0 mm, AL (without canal) 13.7 mm, SW 12.4 mm. SHELL (holotype). Moderately thick, slightly glossy, strong except for fragile and partially broken outer aperture lip, narrowly fusiform, with high spire and moderately long, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of about 1.5 strongly convex, eroded whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition marked by strongly arcuate axial rib, corresponding to shape of growth lines, followed by 10 thinner and weaker axial ribs and rather thickened growth lines. Protoconch diameter 1.0 mm, height 0.84 mm. Spire whorls distinctly angled at shoulder, last whorl with scarcely discernible shoulder. Total teleoconch whorls just over 8. Suture shallowly impressed, subsutural ramp broad, concave, on last whorl weakly concave. Subsutural region with a row of distinct, dense, narrow, short, prosocline axial wrinkles, corresponding to upper parts of thickened growth lines, extending from suture to upper ⅓ of ramp, increasing in number from 22 on first whorl to 42 on penultimate and 50 on last whorl. Shoulder of teleoconch whorls (except last one) with a row of distinct opisthoclinely elongated nodules, extending to abapical suture and intersected by spiral cords, increasing in number from 13 on first whorl to 21 on antepenultimate and penultimate whorls. Subsutural ramp smooth except for axial wrinkles mentioned above. Spiral cords intersecting shoulder nodules beginning on 2 rd teleoconch whorls (due to corrosion of shell their number is unclear) and becoming progressively stronger, 7 on antepenultimate and 8 on penultimate whorl. Cords closely spaced with intervals about half the width of cords. On last whorl cords covering entire shell surface below indistinct shoulder, about 40 cords in total, of which 20 on canal. Cords weak, slightly wavy, very closely spaced just below suture and with intervals 0.5–1.0 times cord width on shell base and canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards narrow, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with narrow, moderately thick parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, evenly convex and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus shallow, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip as deduced from growth lines. Shell off-white, with slightly darker subsutural ramp, protoconch light tan. Periostracum smooth, retained between cords and ribs. ANATOMY (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-16763). Male. Penis obliquely truncated at tip with short, large, conical papilla occupying entire anterior part of penis, surrounded by circular fold.Eyes present.Proboscis moderately long, conical, with expanded base. Proboscis retractors not defined, entire posterior part of proboscis base muscular. Salivary glands small, not fused, with very long ducts that run within walls of oesophagus. Buccal mass moderately large, about ⅓ of proboscis length, basal, protruding backwards beyond proboscis base, radular sac lying outside proboscis. Venom gland very large, thick and strongly convoluted, very constricted before opening into oesophagus in region of nerve ring. Muscular bulb moderately large. RADULA (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-16763, AL 10.6 mm) (Fig. 11A–B). Relatively short, comprising 38 rows of teeth, 16 nascent. Radula length 1.65 mm (15.5% of AL without canal), width up to 250 μm (2.35% of AL without canal). Central tooth with basal plate, having distinct anterior and lateral borders and long, narrow, sharply-pointed cusp. Anterior margin overlapped by preceding row, posterior margin almost evenly rounded except for narrow protrusion adjoining cusp. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped with weakly thickened edges during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed, with both margins overlapping at tooth tip. The resulting folded tooth is moderately broad with a sharp pointed tip, border between margins appears as a narrow groove along anterior edge. Tooth folding occurs within 15–16 th row of teeth (counting from rear). Remarks The other specimens are very similar to the holotype in shell shape and sculpture. In some specimens there is very indistinct spiral striation on the subsutural ramp and a single very weak spiral cord may even be present. This species is most similar to Sibogasyrinx maximei sp. nov., but differs in having more numerous and narrower subsutural axial wrinkles (50 vs 43 on last whorl and 42 vs 34 on penultimate one) and less numerous (40 vs 50) spiral cords on the last whorl, the holotypes of both species being of almost the same size. Nevertheless, S. maximei sp. nov. is only represented in our material by a single specimen and thus its intraspecific variability remains unknown. The two species are broadly sympatric in the Solomon Islands, but are clearly differentiated in our molecular analysis. Distribution This species occurs in the Solomon Islands, New South Wales and on the Coriolis Bank in the Coral Sea, at 762–1060 m. This bathymetric range corresponds to a single haul in the Solomon Islands, while all other specimens were collected at 960–1000 m, indicating a narrower bathymetric range for the species., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 48-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021]."]}

Sibogasyrinx maximei sp. nov. (= PSH 9) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EEC38F7C-DD00-46B9-9D56-3915EB0B2CD2 Figs 8E, 10A–C Diagnosis Shell medium-sized, reaching 41.6 mm in length, fusiform, subsutural ramp weakly concave on early teleoconch whorls, flat on later ones. It is nearly smooth (except for axial riblets). Shoulder of teleoconch whorls with nodules, absent on last whorl. Spiral sculpture weak, of indistinct closely spaced cords on and below shoulder. Radula with central tooth and longitudinally folded marginal teeth with weakly thickened edges. Etymology This species is named after Maxime, the son of the second author. Material examined Holotype SOLOMON SEA • off Marshall Bennett I.; 08°38′ S, 151°46′ E; depth 720 m; MADEEP, stn DW4323; MNHN-IM-2013-45883. Description (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. SL 41.6 mm, AL (with canal) 23.2 mm, AL (without canal) 15.7 mm, SW 12.4 mm. SHELL. Moderately thick, strong except for fragile and partially broken outer aperture lip, fusiform, with high, conical spire and moderately long, broad, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of about 1.5 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition marked by strongly arcuate axial rib, corresponding to shape of growth line. Protoconch diameter 1.0 mm, height 0.83 mm. Spire whorls weakly angled at shoulder, last whorl with hardly discernible shoulder. Total teleoconch whorls 8.5. Suture shallowly impressed, subsutural ramp broad, weakly concave on first four teleoconch whorls, flat on later whorls. Subsutural ramp with short, distinct, prosocline axial wrinkles, corresponding to upper parts of thickened growth lines, extending from suture to upper ⅓ of ramp, increasing in number from 20 on first whorl to 34 on penultimate and 43 on last whorl. Subsutural ramp with only traces of indistinct spiral striation. Shoulder of teleoconch whorls (except last one) with a row of distinct elongated nodules, these nearly orthocline on upper whorls and weakly opisthocline on penultimate whorl, 14–17 per whorl, reaching lower suture and intersected by spiral cords. Starting from 2 nd teleoconch whorl, spiral cords appearing on shoulder, these intersecting nodules and becoming progressively stronger, from two on 2 nd whorl to nine on penultimate one. Cords very closely spaced, separated by narrow grooves. On last whorl cords cover entire shell surface below indistinct shoulder, about 50 cords in total, of which 25 on canal. Cords weak, slightly wavy, very closely spaced just below suture and with intervals 0.5–1.0 times width of cords on shell base and canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards moderately broad, almost straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with narrow and very thin parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, evenly convex and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Shell very light yellowish, protoconch light tan. Periostracum smooth, tightly adhering. RADULA (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2013-45883) (Fig. 8E). Medium-long, comprising 40 rows of teeth, 12 nascent. Radula length 1.8 mm (11.4% of AL without canal), width up to 290 μm (1.85% of AL without canal). Central tooth with basal plate, having distinct borders and long, narrow, sharp cusp, anterior margin overlapped by preceding row, posterior margin formed by two straight sections meeting at obtuse angle in midline. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped with weakly thickened edges during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed, with both margins overlapping at tooth tip. Resulting folded tooth moderately broad with sharply pointed tip, border between both margins present as a narrow slit at anterior edge. Tooth folding occurring within 14 th row of teeth (counting from rear). Remarks The species is known from the holotype alone and is very similar to Sibogasyrinx clausura sp. nov. (for comparison see remarks under the following species). In shell outline it is very similar to S. cf. pyramidalis 1 and 2, but differs in having fewer nodules on the shoulder; the holotype has 17 nodules on the penultimate whorl, whereas specimens of S. cf. pyramidalis 1 and 2 of similar size have up to 26 nodules. There are additional differences in radular morphology. Distribution Known only from the type locality., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 46-48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301

Sibogasyrinx filosa Ardovini, 2021 (= PSH 6) Figs 8C, 9A–H Sibogasyrinx filosus Ardovini, 2021: 5–6, textfigs (erroneous gender agreement of specific epithet). Material examined Holotype PAPUA NEW GUINEA • lv; NE of Bougainville I.; 04°30′ S, 157°20′ E; depth 1100–1200 m; MNHN-IM-2000-37629 (originally R. Ardovini collection). Paratype PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 1 lv; same collection data as for holotype; R. Ardovini collection. Other material (all sequenced) PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 1 lv; New Ireland; 02°33′ S, 150°45′ E; depth 150–170 m; KAVIENG 2014, stn DW4500; MNHN-IM-2013-59044. SOLOMON ISLANDS • 1 lv; off Choiseul I., Papua New Guinea Exclusive Economic Zone; 06°37′ S, 156°13′ E, depth 508–522 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2227; MNHN-IM-2007-42498 • 1 lv; Guadalcanal I.; 09°19′ S, 160°06′ E; depth 416–425 m; SALOMONBOA 3, stn CP2767; MNHN-IM-2009-16831. Description MEASUREMENTS. Largest available specimen (MNHN-IM-2007-42498): SL 49.9 mm, AL (with canal) 28 mm, AL (without canal) 16.7 mm, SW 13.5 mm. Holotype has SL 52 mm. SHELL. Moderately thick, strong except for fragile and often partially broken outer aperture lip, narrowly fusiform, with high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of just over 1.5 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls (MNHN-IM-2009-16831). Protoconch/teleoconch transition indistinct, marked by appearance of shoulder carina. Protoconch diameter 0.89 mm, height 0.72 mm. Spire whorls strongly angled at shoulder, last whorl with more rounded shoulder. Total teleoconch whorls just under 9 in largest specimen. Suture shallowly impressed on last whorl and rather deep on spire ones, subsutural ramp moderately broad, strongly concave. Subsutural region with a row of distinct narrow axial ribs, confluent with growth lines and forming small nodules at intersections with spiral cords, absent on most of first teleoconch whorl, about 20 on second–third whorls, about 35 on penultimate and 45 on last whorl. Subsutural ramp with spiral cords, first visible on second whorl and distinct on fourth whorl. Last, penultimate and antepenultimate whorls with 4–5 distinct cords on subsutural ramp, their intervals equal to width of cords, followed below shoulder by 5–7 more narrow, closely spaced cords. Shoulder with row of pronounced rounded nodules, more distinct on upper teleoconch whorls and absent on last whorl, 15–17 on penultimate and antepenultimate whorls. Spiral sculpture in addition to cords on subsutural ramp of distinct narrow cords, covering entire shell surface, including shoulder nodules. On last whorl about 45 cords below shoulder, 25 of which on canal. Cords weakly rounded or flat on top, their intervals mostly narrower than cords themselves, rarely equal to or even slightly wider than cords. Shell base gradually narrowing towards long, narrow, almost straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with very narrow and thin parietal callus, outer lip with rounded angle at shoulder, weakly convex below shoulder, weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Shell light orange with lighter middle part of last whorl, in sequenced specimens off-white, with very light yellowish subsutural ramp and irregular darker blotches on subsutural ramp. Protoconch light tan. ANATOMY (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-16831). Head with moderately long, conical tentacles, rounded on tips and with closely spaced bases, large eyes situated on small lobes at tentacle base. Proboscis conical, moderately long, with broad base, rapidly narrowing towards tip. Proboscis retractors not defined, entire posterior part of very thin proboscis sheath base weakly muscular. Buccal mass very large and broad, posterior to proboscis base, constituting about half of proboscis length, oesophagus forming a very short loop before nerve ring. Radular sac with small odontophore, opening dorso-laterally at right side of buccal mass. Venom gland thick, moderately long and convoluted, opening into oesophagus within nerve ring. Muscular bulb moderately large, elongated and folded in posterior part. Salivary glands fused, relatively large, of irregular shape, acinous. Small ovate accessory salivary gland situated dorsally at nerve ring. RADULA (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-16831) (Fig. 8C). Relatively short, consisting of 41 rows of teeth, 15 nascent. Radula length 1.55 mm (12% of AL without canal), width up to 225 μm (1.8% of AL without canal). Central tooth with subrectangular basal plate, having distinct borders and moderately long cusp. Anterior margin overlapped by preceding row, posterior margin evenly and weakly rounded. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped with weakly thickened edges during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed, with both margins overlapping at tooth tip. Resulting folded tooth moderately broad, with sharp pointed tip, anterior edge with a narrow slit between folded tooth margins. Remarks Our specimens are very similar to the holotype and paratype (except lighter shells) and were collected close to the type locality. Our specimens were collected at much shallower depths (150–508 m) as compared to the holotype and paratype (1100 m). Nevertheless, the strong similarity of the shell shape and sculpture, especially obvious when comparing the holotype with sequenced specimen of the same size (Fig. 9A–B and C–D) suggests the conspecifity of our and the type specimens. Ardovini (2021) himself considered the specimen MNHN-IM-2007-42498 as belonging to his newly described species based on the photograph on the MNHN website. Smaller specimens (SL 34.4 and 29.9 mm) retain smooth, flaking, yellowish periostracum, better preserved in interspaces between cords. This species is most similar to Sibogasyrinx subula sp. nov., but differs in having more strongly developed spiral cords on the subsutural ramp, a relatively narrower ramp resulting in a higher shoulder position on the spire whorls, a different radula and the presence of eyes. In shell outline the new species resembles some species of Leucosyrinx, particularly Leucosyrinx sp. A (Fig. 13H), but the shell is broader with more numerous nodules on the shoulder. Compared to Leucosyrinx sp. F (Fig. 13K), the shell of S. filosa is larger, broader and has a coarser sculpture. Distribution This species is found off the Solomon Islands Archipelago and New Ireland, at a broad depth range of 150–1100 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 41-43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Ardovini R. 2021. Descrizione di Sibogasyrinx filosus n. sp. (Neogastropoda, Conoidea, Cochlespiridae) da Papua Nuova Guinea, Oceano Pacifico Meridionale. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale 111: 5 - 6.","Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021].","Kantor Y. I., Fedosov A. E. & Puillandre N. 2018. New and unusual deep-water Conoidea revised with shell, radula and DNA characters. Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 28: 47 - 82."]}

Sibogasyrinx lolae sp. nov. (= PSH 8) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 73404289-ED57-4ABD-A0D0-05939F095C40 Figs 8D, 9I–Q Diagnosis Shell medium-sized, reaching 43 mm in length, fusiform, with weakly concave, nearly smooth subsutural ramp and nodules on shoulder of upper teleoconch whorls, absent on later whorls of large specimens. Spiral sculpture weak, of closely spaced cords covering entire shell except subsutural ramp in some specimens. Radula with central tooth and longitudinally folded marginal teeth with weakly thickened edges. Etymology The species is named after Lola, the daughter of the second author. Material examined Holotype SOLOMON ISLANDS • W of San Cristobal I.; 10°26′ S, 161°20′ E; depth 506–567 m; SALOMONBOA 3, stn CP2839; MNHN-IM-2007-42537. Other material (all sequenced) NEW CALEDONIA • 1 lv; Bank de L’Orne/Walpole; 22°22′ S, 168°57′ E; depth 460–708 m; EXBODI, stn CP3864; MNHN-IM-2009-29230 • 1 lv; 21°58′ S, 167°07′ E; depth 511–1050 m; TERRASSES, stn CP3098; MNHN-IM-2009-29311 • 1 lv; Fairway Ridge; 21°39′ S, 162°42′ E; depth 787 m; KANADEEP, stn CP4923; MNHN-IM-2013-48156. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype). SL 37.3 mm, AL (with canal) 22.9 mm, AL (without canal) 14.5 mm, SW 11.3 mm. SHELL (holotype). Moderately thick, glossy, strong except for very fragile and partially broken outer aperture lip, narrowly fusiform, with high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, corroded, of about 1.5 whorls. Protoconch preserved in other juvenile specimen (MNHN-IM-2013-48156), comprising just over 1.5 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition indistinct, marked by appearance of axial ribs. Protoconch diameter 1.0 mm, height 0.74 mm. Spire whorls angled at shoulder, last whorl with less angular shoulder. Total teleoconch whorls just under 8. Suture shallowly impressed on last whorl and rather deep on spire whorls, subsutural ramp moderately broad, weakly concave on upper teleoconch whorls and nearly flat on penultimate and last whorls. Subsutural ramp with distinct prosocline axial wrinkles, extending from suture to upper ⅔ of ramp, 22–23 on first and second whorls, 24 on penultimate and 31 on last whorl, and without spiral sculpture on upper four whorls and later with indistinct spiral cords, three on last whorl. Shoulder of teleoconch whorls (except last one) with a row of distinct, opisthoclinely elongated nodules, intersected by weak spiral cords. Seventeen nodules on first teleoconch whorl, 18 on antepenultimate and penultimate whorls. Weak spiral cords on and below shoulder, starting from 3 rd teleoconch whorls, about twice as wide below shoulder. Penultimate whorl with four cords on shoulder and four below shoulder. Shoulder smooth on last whorl, but with about 55 cords below shoulder, of which 25 on canal. Cords weak, slightly wavy and closely spaced, their intervals about half the width of cords. Shell base gradually narrowing towards long, narrow, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with narrow, very thin parietal callus, outer lip badly broken, distinctly impressed at shoulder, weakly convex below shoulder and shallowly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus judging from growth lines shallow, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with forward extension of outer lip. Shell very light yellowish, protoconch very light tan (in holotype) and light brown in MNHN-IM-2013-48156. ANATOMY (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-29311). Male. Penis tip obliquely truncated, with long and very narrow papilla, surrounded by circular fold, much larger in diameter than papilla itself. Proboscis conical, moderately long, with broad base, anterior half rapidly narrowing towards tip. Proboscis retractors distinct, arranged in two symmetrical lateral bundles, attached to inner proboscis walls at border of its posterior third. Buccal mass with small radular sac, odontophore situated within proboscis in its broader posterior part; elongate oval, occupying slightly less than half of proboscis length. Single small accessory salivary gland present. Salivary glands separate, acinous, irregular in shape. Venom gland long, moderately thick and convoluted, opening into oesophagus within the nerve ring. RADULA (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-29311) (Fig. 8D). Short, comprising 28 rows of teeth, 13 nascent. Radula length 1.15 mm (7.9% of AL without canal), width up to 255 μm (1.8% of AL without canal), tooth length 160 μm (1.10% of AL without canal). Central tooth with subrectangular basal plate, having distinct borders and long, narrow, sharp cusp. Anterior margin overlapped by preceding row, posterior margin formed by two straight sections meeting at obtuse angle in midline. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped with weakly thickened edges during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed, with both margins overlapping at tooth tip. Resulting folded tooth moderately broad, with sharp pointed tip, anterior edge with a narrow slit between tooth margins. Tooth folding occurring within 15 th row of teeth. Remarks The largest specimen attains 43.1 mm. Other specimens are similar to the holotype in shell shape, although some have much more pronounced spiral sculpture, especially MNHN-IM-2009-29230, which also retains spiral cords on the shoulder of the last whorl. In shell shape and sculpture the new species is most similar to Sibogasyrinx filosa, some specimens being almost indistinguishable (e.g., holotype of S. filosa and MNHN-IM-2009-29230). Sibogasyrinx lolae sp. nov. can be distinguished from S. filosa due to its generally less distinct spiral sculpture and less concave, nearly flat subsutural ramp. Other conchologically similar species are S. cf. pyramidalis 1 and 2, but these differ in their radular morphology. In both these species and S. lolae sp. nov., the nodules on the shoulder become less pronounced or disappear on later whorls. Nevertheless, the nodules are still pronounced on the shoulder of the last whorl in specimens of S. cf. pyramidalis 1 and 2 of the same size as specimens of S. lolae sp. nov. which already lack nodules on the last whorl. Distribution This species is recorded from the Solomon Islands, the Coral Sea and southern New Caledonia, at depths of 460– 787 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 43-46, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Ardovini R. 2021. Descrizione di Sibogasyrinx filosus n. sp. (Neogastropoda, Conoidea, Cochlespiridae) da Papua Nuova Guinea, Oceano Pacifico Meridionale. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale 111: 5 - 6."]}

Genus Sibogasyrinx Powell, 1969 Leucosyrinx (Sibogasyrinx) Powell, 1969: 343. Type species Surcula pyramidalis Schepman, 1913 (original designation). Diagnosis Shell small to large, adult length from 27 to 65 mm, narrowly fusiform, rarely pagodiform, with concave to nearly flat subsutural ramp. Spiral sculpture variously developed, always present below shoulder, comprising narrow, close-set cords, often also on subsutural ramp, Shoulder with a row of strong nodules, often obsolete on last whorl. Venom gland does not pass through nerve ring and opens into oesophagus within or posterior to nerve ring. Radula usually with central tooth, absent in one species, marginal tooth morphology variable, folded longitudinally., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on page 29, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021].","Schepman M. M. 1913. The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part 5. Toxoglossa. Siboga-Expeditie 49 (5): 365 - 452. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34450646 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021]."]}

Sibogasyrinx sangeri Kantor, Fedosov & Puillandre, 2018 (= PSH 7) Figs 7, 8A–B Sibogasyrinx sangeri Kantor, Fedosov & Puillandre, 2018: 58, figs 5e–n, 6c–d. Material examined Holotype PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 07°52′ S, 148°03′ E; depth 575–655 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3729; MNHN- IM-2009-17022 (sequenced). Other material (all sequenced) PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 2 lv; 04°04′ S, 151°56′ E; depth 585–601 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3671; MNHN-IM-2009-16989, MNHN-IM-2013-52052 • 1 lv; 04°24′ S, 151°50′ E; depth 788–805 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3674; MNHN-IM-2009-16995 • 1 lv; off Woodlark Is.; 09°08′ S, 152°19′ E; depth 448–470 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3742; MNHN-IM-2009-17057 • 1 lv; 05°39′ S, 153°59′ E; depth 654– 660 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3750; MNHN-IM-2009-17021 • 1 lv; N of Long I.; 05°10′ S, 147°03′ E; depth 724 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn CP3982; MNHN-IM-2013-19752 • 1 lv; Dampier Strait, E of Umboi I.; 05°35′ S, 148°13′ E; depth 630–870 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn CP4014; MNHN-IM-2013-19961. PHILIPPINES • 1 lv; 15°45′ N, 121°45′ E; depth 562 m; AURORA 2007, stn CP2663; MNHN- IM-2009-13434. SOLOMON ISLANDS • 1 lv; Sta Isabel I.; 08°47′ S, 159°40′ E; depth 645–840 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2181; MNHN-IM-2009-16766 • 2 lv; Rendova I.; 08°36′ S, 157°27′ E; depth 509–520 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2288; MNHN-IM-2007-42523, MNHN-IM-2009-16779. Description MEASUREMENTS. Holotype: SL 54.1 mm, AL (with canal) 31.3 mm, AL (without canal) 16.4 mm, SW 14.1 mm. Largest available specimen attains SL 55.8 mm (MNHN-IM-2009-16779; Fig. 7D–E). SHELL. Thin, fragile, variable in shape, from narrowly fusiform to moderately broad (SW/SL ratio from 0.22 to 0.27), with rather high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of 1.75 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition indistinct. Protoconch diameter about 1.1 mm, height 1.2 mm. Early teleoconch whorls angular, usually in lower part just above suture, but sometimes at mid-whorl; last whorl strongly to very weakly angled or evenly rounded, even in specimens of the same size. Teleoconch comprising up to 10 whorls. Suture shallow, subsutural ramp with a row of distinct, closely spaced nodules, 10 on first whorl, 14 on second whorl, becoming more broadly spaced and less discernible on later whorls, sometimes obsolete on last whorl of largest specimens. Subsutural zone very weakly concave, nearly straight on penultimate and last whorls, smooth except for a few irregularly spaced and indistinct spiral threads (sometimes oblique), or several rather pronounced flattened spiral cords (Fig. 7J; MNHN-IM-2009-13434). Lower part of whorls with a row of larger, more pronounced nodules, just above suture in upper whorls or sometimes nearer midwhorl. In some specimens nodules absent on last whorl. Last whorl may bear low carina at periphery (in specimens with nodules absent), giving it very weakly angled outline. Below periphery 2–3 distinct spiral cords on penultimate whorl and about 30 cords below carina on last whorl and 20 on canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards long, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly with broad, very thin parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, convex and weakly angled in upper part and slightly convex below shoulder, and shallowly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, growth lines confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Growth lines thin but distinct. Shell uniformly off-white, protoconch light tan. ANATOMY (n = 1, MNHN-IM-2009-16995). Proboscis of moderate length in contracted stage, buccal mass situated outside proboscis. Oesophagus very broad, forming short loop before passing through nerve ring. Venom gland opening into oesophagus ventrally and immediately posterior to nerve ring. RADULA (n = 1, MNHN-IM-2009-16995) (Fig. 8A–B). Relatively short, comprising ca 40 rows of teeth, with long nascent part (15–16 rows). Radula length 2.2 mm (16% of AL without canal), width up to 365 μm (2.7% of AL without canal). Central tooth with subrectangular basal plate, very shallowly arcuate anteriorly, with distinct borders and weak cusp. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed. On developing part of radula, folding of teeth occurs abruptly, within one subsequent row (on Fig. 8B white arrow indicates last still unfolded tooth, while black arrow with white outline indicate the first folded tooth). Folding evident at 17 th row in radula studied. Resulting folded tooth moderately broad, with sharp pointed tip, formed by overlapping of both thickened margins (on Fig. 8A these overlapping parts are marked by hollow white arrows). Distribution This species is known from the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines, over a relatively broad bathymetric range, from 448 to 788 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 38-40, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Kantor Y. I., Fedosov A. E. & Puillandre N. 2018. New and unusual deep-water Conoidea revised with shell, radula and DNA characters. Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 28: 47 - 82."]}

Sibogasyrinx subula sp. nov. (= PSH 3) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6A992BBF-7C62-4F15-BFCC-AD9F347ED379 Figs 4E–F, 6 Sibogasyrinx sp. – Bouchet et al. 2011: figs 11b, 12b–c. Diagnosis Shell large, reaching 57 mm in length, narrowly fusiform, with concave, nearly smooth subsutural ramp with darker subsutural band on posterior half of last whorl and strong nodules on shoulder. Spiral sculpture of distinct, closely spaced cords below subsutural ramp. Radula with central tooth and duplex marginal teeth. Etymology Latin ‘ subula ’ (noun in apposition), meaning ‘awl’, with reference to the general appearance of the spire. Material examined Holotype SOLOMON ISLANDS • SE of Sta Isabel I.; 08°17′ S, 160°00′ E; depth 482–604 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2187; MNHN-IM-2007-42530. Other material (all sequenced) PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 1 lv; 05°39′ S, 153°59′ E; depth 654–660 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3750; MNHN-IM-2009-17048 • 1 lv; New Ireland; 02°13′ S, 150°12′ E; depth 564–743 m; KAVIENG 2014, stn CP4448; MNHN-IM-2013-58409. SOLOMON ISLANDS • 2 lv; SE of Sta Isabel I.; 08°17′ S, 160°00′ E; depth 464–523 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2184; MNHN-IM-2009-13567, MNHN-IM-2009-13568 • 1 lv; SW of Sta Isabel I.; 08°25′ S, 159°27′ E; depth 440–521 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2194; MNHN-IM-2007-42533 • 1 lv; 08°41′ S, 157°38′ E; depth 814–980 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2276; MNHN-IM-2007-42517. VANUATU • 4 lv; 15°00′ S, 166°55′ E; depth 630–705 m; BOA1, stn CP2432; MNHN-IM-2007-17701 to IM-2007-17704. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype). SL 55 mm, AL (with canal) 31 mm, AL (without canal) 17.5 mm, SW 15.6 mm. SHELL (holotype). Moderately thick, strong except for fragile outer lip of aperture, fusiform, with high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of about 1.5 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition marked by arcuate axial rib and appearance of definitive sculpture. Protoconch diameter 1.0 mm, height 0.79 mm. Teleoconch whorls angular at shoulder. Teleoconch comprising just under 10 whorls in total. Suture shallowly impressed, subsutural ramp broad, strongly concave. Subsutural region with a row of distinct sigmoidal nodules that correspond in shape to upper parts of thickened growth lines, about 20 on first whorl, 17–19 on second–fourth whorls, 32 on penultimate and 30 on last whorl. Subsutural ramp smooth except for subsutural row of nodules, few thickened growth lines and 3–4 very weak spiral threads on last and penultimate whorls. Shoulder with pronounced thickened and rounded nodules, weakly opisthocline on upper whorls, but more strongly inclined and confluent with growth lines on last whorl; 17 on penultimate and antepenultimate whorls and 19 on last whorl. Spiral sculpture of 4–5 moderately pronounced, narrow cords on shoulder, seen both on nodules and in their intervals, and rather distinct, weakly rounded cords below shoulder, some flattened. Single cord appears on 3rd whorl, two cords on other whorls, including penultimate one. On last whorl cords occupy entire shell below shoulder, varying in width, their intervals 1–2 times width of cords, in total 48 cords on last whorl, of which 28 on canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards long, narrow, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with very narrow and thin parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, with rounded angle at shoulder, weakly convex below shoulder and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Shell off-white, with very light yellowish subsutural band and darker subsutural band on posterior half of last whorl, protoconch light tan. ANATOMY (n = 1, MNHN-IM-2009-13568). Head with long cylindrical tentacles, rounded on tips with closely spaced bases, eyes absent. Specimen male, with long penis with obliquely truncated tip. Seminal papilla occupies entire tip and is surrounded by circular fold. Proboscis conical, with broad base, but very narrow along most of its length. Proboscis retractors large, arranged in two bundles attached to proboscis base. Buccal mass very large and broad, nearly as long as proboscis, oesophagus forming short loop before nerve ring. Venom gland thick, medium-long and convoluted, opening dorsally into oesophagus just posterior to nerve ring. Muscular bulb very large. RADULA (n = 3; MNHN-IM-2007-17701, MNHN-IM-2007-17703, MNHN-IM-2009-13568). All specimens with similar radular morphology, radula comprising 38–40 rows of teeth, 11–17 nascent, short, length ca 1.8 mm (11% of AL without canal). Radula width up to 310 μm (1.9% of AL without canal). Central tooth with broad, subrectangular basal plate, anteriorly overlapped by preceding tooth, borders distinct, with narrow, sharply pointed cusp. Marginal teeth with strongly thickened posterior edges, folded longitudinally (Fig. 4E–F), in all details similar to those of Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis 1. Remarks Largest specimen attains an SL of 57.4 mm. The other specimens are rather similar to the holotype in shell shape and sculpture. The entire subsutural ramp may be pale yellowish on the last whorl, but the subsutural zone of the posterior part of last whorl in larger specimens is always more darkly coloured than the rest of the shell. The subsutural ramp may be completely smooth or with indistinct spiral threads, the shoulder angulation on the last whorl is sometimes less distinct than in the holotype, as may be the cords below the shoulder on the penultimate whorl (up to 4). In shell outline, the new species resembles its congener Sibogasyrinx filosa, but differs in having much less distinct spiral sculpture on the subsutural ramp, as well as in its larger size (maximal SL 57.4 mm in S. subula sp. nov. and 52 mm in S. filosa) and radular morphology. The shell shape of the new species also strongly resembles that of some species of Leucosyrinx, particularly L. verrillii (Dall, 1881) (Fig. 13A–C) and to a lesser extent the smaller specimens of Leucosyrinx sp. B and Leucosyrinx sp. G (Fig. 13D and 13I, respectively). All these species of Leucosyrinx, however, have a different radular morphology, shorter siphonal canal and, according to the molecular tree (Fig. 1) and other published Conoidea phylogenies (Puillandre et al. 2011; Abdelkrim et al. 2018), belong to a different family. Distribution This species is known from the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu, and has a relatively broad bathymetric range, from 440 to 814 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 35-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Bouchet P., Kantor Y. I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. 2011. New operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / mollus / eyr 017","Puillandre N., Kantor Y. I, Sysoev A., Couloux A., Meyer C., Rawlings T., Todd J. A. & Bouchet P. 2011. The dragon tamed? A molecular phylogeny of the Conoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies 77 (3): 259 - 272. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / mollus / eyr 015","Abdelkrim J., Aznar-Cormano L., Fedosov A., Kantor Y. I., Lozouet P., Phuong M., Zaharias P. & Puillandre N. 2018. Exon-capture based phylogeny and diversification of the venomous gastropods (Neogastropoda, Conoidea). Molecular Biology and Evolution 35 (10): 2355 - 2374. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / molbev / msy 144"]}

Sibogasyrinx pagodiformis sp. nov. (= PSH 5) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DAA613D6-5AB6-4F89-A0AD-0C718A60307E Figs 8F, 12A–D Diagnosis Shell small, reaching 29 mm in length, pagodiform, with strongly concave subsutural ramp bearing two low spiral cords and distinct subsutural nodules. Axial sculpture of distinct opisthocline ribs extending to shell base, 10–11 per whorl. Spiral sculpture of closely spaced cords on and below shoulder. Radula lacking central tooth, marginal teeth trough-shaped with thickened edges. Etymology The name reflects the characteristic shell shape, resembling a pagoda. Material examined Holotype SOLOMON ISLANDS • NW of Malaita I.; 08°28′ S, 160°32′ E; depth 1250–1402 m; SALOMONBOA 3, stn CP2789; MNHN-IM-2009-16825. Other material (sequenced) VANUATU • 1 lv; E of Malekula I.; 16°00′ S, 167°38′ E; depth 1262–1285 m; SANTO 2006, stn AT139; MNHN-IM-2009-11327. Description MEASUREMENTS (holotype). SL 28.8 mm, AL (with canal) 15.2 mm, AL (without canal) 9.9 mm, SW 11.9 mm. SHELL (holotype). Moderately thick, except for fragile, partially chipped outer aperture lip; pagodiform, with moderately high spire and moderately long, narrow siphonal canal inclined to abaxially left. Protoconch missing (rendering exact an whorl count and protoconch measurements impossible), upper teleoconch whorls eroded. Teleoconch whorls rapidly increasing and strongly angled at shoulder, more than 8 remaining. Suture shallowly impressed, subsutural ramp broad, concave. A row of distinct, sharp, subsutural nodules on upper teleoconch whorls. Nodules less distinct on last three whorls and situated on short, slightly raised, prosocline axial ribs. Number of ribs on uppermost whorls indeterminate due to shell surface erosion, number of nodules per whorl increasing from 16–17 on first intact whorl to 22 on penultimate and 26 on last whorl. Subsutural ramp smooth except for nodules and two low, indistinct subsutural cords. Shoulder with pronounced, thickened, opisthocline axial ribs on all teleoconch whorls. Axial ribs on upper teleoconch whorls situated just above suture, extending to shell base on last whorl, number of ribs constant, 11–12 per whorl. Ribs intersected by closely spaced, rounded spiral cords, number increasing from 5 on uppermost remaining whorl to 10 on penultimate whorl. Last whorl with total of 38 cords, including 18 on canal. Cords narrow, their intervals 0.5–1.5 times cord width. Shell base rapidly narrowing towards narrow, moderately long siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with thin, moderately broad parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, convex on subsutural ramp, with rounded angle at shoulder, convex below shoulder and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus judging from growth lines shallow, subsutural, broadly arcuate. Shell flesh-coloured, with darker base, glossy. Periostracum thin, persisting in some cord intervals. ANATOMY (n = 1; MNHN-IM-2009-11327). Female. Proboscis relatively short, straight, cylindrical. Proboscis retractors large, in two bundles attached at proboscis base. Buccal mass within proboscis, rather long, about half length of proboscis, radular sac opening on right. Venom gland very thick, not long, opening with very short constriction just posterior to nerve ring. Venom bulb moderately large, elongate. RADULA (n = 2; MNHN-IM-2009-16825, AL 9.9 mm, IM-2009-11327, AL ca 9 mm). Relatively short, comprising 20–24 rows of teeth, 8–9 nascent. Radula length 1.1–1.6 mm (12–16% of AL without canal), tooth length 150 μm (1.7% of AL without canal). Central tooth absent. Marginal teeth trough-shaped when mature (Fig. 8F), with slightly thickened edges and sharp pointed tips. Teeth initially forming as a flat, elongate-oval plate, its edges gradually thickening along radular membrane and then by longitudinal folding of each tooth on 10–11 th row, counting from rear. Remarks The second live collected specimen has a broken shell base. In sculpture pattern it is very similar to the holotype. The species is distinct from all congeners in having a relatively broad, pagodiform shell with a shorter canal. Conchologically the species is quite similar to Comitas paupera (Watson, 1881), a highly variable species of uncertain generic affinity, but differing in lacking distinct spiral cords on the subsutural ramp. The lectotype and paralectotypes of the latter were illustrated by Sysoev (1996: figs 42–48). Superficially, the new species also strongly resembles a miniature copy of Leucosyrinx luzonica (Powell, 1969) (see Kantor et al. 2018: fig. 21), but differs in the shape of the marginal radular teeth and foregut anatomy. Another species of Leucosyrinx from the Solomon Islands, Leucosyrinx sp. D, is similar to the new species in shell outline (Fig. 13F), differing in radular morphology. Distribution This species was found in the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu at 1250–1262 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 51-54, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Sysoev A. V. 1996. Deep-sea conoidean gastropods collected by the John Murray Expedition, 1933 - 34. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum of London, Zoology 62 (1): 1 - 30. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41008506 [accessed 7 Sep. 2021].","Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021].","Kantor Y. I., Fedosov A. E. & Puillandre N. 2018. New and unusual deep-water Conoidea revised with shell, radula and DNA characters. Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 28: 47 - 82."]}

Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis (Schepman, 1913) 2 (= PSH 1) Figs 3J–Q, 4C–D, 5 Material examined (all sequenced) PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 2 lv; off Manus I.; 02°16′ S, 147°29′ E; depth 679–685 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3689; MNHN-IM-2009-16972, MNHN-IM-2009-16973 • 1 lv; N of Rabaul; 04°04′ S, 151°56′ E; depth 585–601 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3671; MNHN-IM-2009-16988 • 1 lv; N of Rabaul; 04°04′ S, 151°50′ E; depth 702–724 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3672; MNHN-IM-2009-17000 • 1 lv; Bismarck Sea, N of Long I.; 05°11′ S, 147°03′ E; depth 688 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn CP3981; MNHN-IM-2013-19716 • 1 lv; Bismarck Sea, N of Long I.; 05°10′ S, 147°03′ E; depth 724 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn CP3982; MNHN-IM-2013-19745 • 1 lv; Bismarck Sea, NW of Long I.; 05°12′ S, 146°59′ E; depth 470–508 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn DW3983; MNHN-IM-2013-19768 • 1 lv; New Ireland, 02°42′ S, 150°02′ E; depth 827–966 m; KAVIENG 2014, stn CP4483; MNHN-IM-2013-58845. Description MEASUREMENTS (largest specimen). SL 65.2 mm, AL (with canal) 34.7 mm, AL without canal 22.9 mm, SW 18.0 mm. SHELL. Extremely similar to that of Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis 1. The only slight difference is the larger number of spiral cords crossing the shoulder nodules. Penultimate whorl of S. cf. pyramidalis 1 with 5–6 cords (increasing with SL), 6–8 in S. cf. pyramidalis 2. ANATOMY (n = 2, MNHN-IM-2009-16972, MNHN-IM-2009-17000). Head with long, cylindrical tentacles, rounded on tips with closely spaced bases, eyes absent.One specimen(MNHN-IM-2009-17000) male, with long penis with obliquely truncated tip. Seminal papilla occupies entire tip and is surrounded by circular fold. Proboscis long, coiled, with broad conical base, occupied by large bulbous buccal mass, spanning posterior ¼ of proboscis and protruding backwards from proboscis. Proboscis sheath with very thin transparent walls. Remaining anterior part of proboscis narrow, gradually diminishing in diameter towards its tip. Proboscis retractors well defined, powerful and numerous, attached to posteriormost edge of rhynchodeum. Radular sac and short oval odontophore situated on right side of buccal mass, posterior to rear of proboscis. Oesophagus adjoining buccal mass slightly constricted and forming a moderately long loop before passing through nerve ring. Salivary glands irregularly shaped, covering dorsal portion of nerve ring. Accessory salivary gland not traced. Venom gland thick, long, strongly convoluted, opens dorsally into oesophagus, immediately posterior to nerve ring (Fig. 5B). Muscular bulb oval, of moderate size, situated to the right of oesophagus. RADULA (n = 2; MNHN-IM-2009-16972, MNHN-IM-2009-17000). Comprising approximately 40 rows of teeth, 15 nascent, short, length (measured only in MNHN-IM-2009-16972) ca 1.7 mm (14% of AL without canal). Radula width up to 300 μm (2.5% of AL without canal). Shape of teeth very similar to that of Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis 1, central tooth has less rounded posterior margin and in one specimen (MNHN-IM-2009-17000, Fig. 4D) the cusp is obtuse. Remarks Despite the similarities in shell and radular morphology, Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis 1 and Sibogasyrinx cf. pyramidalis 2 are clearly distinct from a molecular perspective. One morphological character of the foregut that separates the two species is the presence of an accessory salivary gland in the former. Distribution The confirmed distribution is Papua New Guinea, at 585– 827 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I. & Puillandre, Nicolas, 2021, Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae), pp. 19-60 in European Journal of Taxonomy 773 on pages 32-35, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1509, http://zenodo.org/record/5536301, {"references":["Schepman M. M. 1913. The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part 5. Toxoglossa. Siboga-Expeditie 49 (5): 365 - 452. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34450646 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021].","Powell A. W. B. 1969. The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 2. The subfamily Turriculinae. Indo- Pacific Mollusca 2 (10): 215 - 416. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49824050 [accessed 24 Aug. 2021]."]}

Sibogasyrinx elbakyanae Kantor, Puillandre & Bouchet sp. nov. (= PSH 4) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F9B671D9-4F84-4DF4-BAA0-3EF30AF06512 Fig. 12E–H Diagnosis Shell small, reaching 27.5 mm in length, fusiform, subsutural ramp strongly concave with distinct, broadly-spaced spiral cords and dense subsutural nodules. Axial sculpture of distinct opisthocline ribs extending to shell periphery. Spiral sculpture of distinct cords on and below shoulder. Etymology Philippe Bouchet joins us in dedicating this species to honor Alexandra Elbakyan, creator of the famous sci-hub portal. Material examined Holotype SOLOMON ISLANDS • S of Malaita I.; 09°55′ S, 161°33′ E; depth 1136–1750 m; SALOMONBOA 3, stn CP2817; MNHN-IM-2009-16834. Description (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. SL 27.3 mm, AL (with canal) 15.0 mm, AL (without canal) 9.6 mm, SW 8.9 mm. SHELL. Moderately thick, except for fragile outer aperture lip, partially chipped; fusiform, with high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch eroded and partially decollated, thus rendering whorl count and measurements impossible. Teleoconch whorls strongly angled at shoulder, about 8 whorls in total. Suture deeply impressed, subsutural ramp moderately broad, strongly concave. Subsutural region with a row of dense, distinct, sigmoidal axial ribs that correspond in shape to upper parts of thickened growth lines and form small rounded nodules at intersections with spiral cords. Rib counts on uppermost whorls not possible due to shell surface erosion, about 24 on antepenultimate whorl, 27 on penultimate and 34 on last whorl. Subsutural ramp with thin but distinct spiral cords, 3 on first preserved teleoconch whorl and 5 on last three whorls, one immediately subsutural followed by another with interval about three times cord width, then three more closely spaced ones separated from second cord by an interval of about five times cord width. Upper two cords forming nodules at intersections with axial ribs. Shoulder with pronounced, thickened, opisthocline axial ribs on all teleoconch whorls, about 12 on upper whorls, including penultimate one and 14 on last whorl. Ribs extending to abapical suture on spire whorls, intersected by spiral cords, uppermost 2–3 very thin and closely spaced followed by 5–8 more broadly spaced. Last whorl with about 35 cords on shoulder and below, including 15 on canal. Cords narrow and separated by intervals 1–3 times the width of cords on axial ribs on shoulder, more broadly spaced on shell base and canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards narrow, moderately long, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly, with moderately broad, thin parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, with rounded angle at shoulder, weakly convex below shoulder and weakly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus shallow, subsutural, broadly arcuate. Shell base off-white, upper part of last whorl and teleoconch whorls very light yellow. Periostracum thin, persisting in intervals between cords and ribs. ANATOMY. Adult male, penis long, gradually narrowing towards tip, obliquely truncated at tip with a small but rather long conical papilla, surrounded by circular fold. Proboscis not long, conical, proboscis retractors not defined, entire posterior part of proboscis base muscular. Salivary glands fused, small. Single oval accessory salivary gland present at level of anterior part of proboscis. Venom gland large, thick and strongly convoluted, very constricted before opening into oesophagus within nerve ring. Muscular bulb moderately large. RADULA. Minute, comprising about 15 rows of teeth. Radula length 650 μm (6.8% of AL without canal), width up to 100 μm (1% of AL without canal). Central tooth present, with long cusp. Marginal teeth trough-shaped. Due to poor preparation it was impossible to study tooth morphology in detail. Remarks This species is most similar to Sibogasyrinx filosa, but differs in having a more stout shell with a relatively shorter canal, fewer, more distinct axial ribs on the shoulder (35 vs 46 on last whorl), and thinner, more widely spaced spiral cords. In shell outline the new species resembles some species of Leucosyrinx, particularly Leucosyrinx verrillii (Dall, 1881) (Fig. 13A–C), but differs in its smaller size, less numerous shoulder nodules and radular morphology. Distribution Known only from the type locality.

Sibogasyrinx sangeri Kantor, Fedosov & Puillandre, 2018 (= PSH 7) Figs 7, 8A–B Sibogasyrinx sangeri Kantor, Fedosov & Puillandre, 2018: 58, figs 5e–n, 6c–d. Material examined Holotype PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 07°52′ S, 148°03′ E; depth 575–655 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3729; MNHN- IM-2009-17022 (sequenced). Other material (all sequenced) PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 2 lv; 04°04′ S, 151°56′ E; depth 585–601 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3671; MNHN-IM-2009-16989, MNHN-IM-2013-52052 • 1 lv; 04°24′ S, 151°50′ E; depth 788–805 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3674; MNHN-IM-2009-16995 • 1 lv; off Woodlark Is.; 09°08′ S, 152°19′ E; depth 448–470 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3742; MNHN-IM-2009-17057 • 1 lv; 05°39′ S, 153°59′ E; depth 654– 660 m; BIOPAPUA, stn CP3750; MNHN-IM-2009-17021 • 1 lv; N of Long I.; 05°10′ S, 147°03′ E; depth 724 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn CP3982; MNHN-IM-2013-19752 • 1 lv; Dampier Strait, E of Umboi I.; 05°35′ S, 148°13′ E; depth 630–870 m; PAPUA NIUGINI, stn CP4014; MNHN-IM-2013-19961. PHILIPPINES • 1 lv; 15°45′ N, 121°45′ E; depth 562 m; AURORA 2007, stn CP2663; MNHN- IM-2009-13434. SOLOMON ISLANDS • 1 lv; Sta Isabel I.; 08°47′ S, 159°40′ E; depth 645–840 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2181; MNHN-IM-2009-16766 • 2 lv; Rendova I.; 08°36′ S, 157°27′ E; depth 509–520 m; SALOMON 2, stn CP2288; MNHN-IM-2007-42523, MNHN-IM-2009-16779. Description MEASUREMENTS. Holotype: SL 54.1 mm, AL (with canal) 31.3 mm, AL (without canal) 16.4 mm, SW 14.1 mm. Largest available specimen attains SL 55.8 mm (MNHN-IM-2009-16779; Fig. 7D–E). SHELL. Thin, fragile, variable in shape, from narrowly fusiform to moderately broad (SW/SL ratio from 0.22 to 0.27), with rather high spire and long, narrow, straight siphonal canal. Protoconch small, globose, of 1.75 strongly convex, microshagreened whorls. Protoconch/teleoconch transition indistinct. Protoconch diameter about 1.1 mm, height 1.2 mm. Early teleoconch whorls angular, usually in lower part just above suture, but sometimes at mid-whorl; last whorl strongly to very weakly angled or evenly rounded, even in specimens of the same size. Teleoconch comprising up to 10 whorls. Suture shallow, subsutural ramp with a row of distinct, closely spaced nodules, 10 on first whorl, 14 on second whorl, becoming more broadly spaced and less discernible on later whorls, sometimes obsolete on last whorl of largest specimens. Subsutural zone very weakly concave, nearly straight on penultimate and last whorls, smooth except for a few irregularly spaced and indistinct spiral threads (sometimes oblique), or several rather pronounced flattened spiral cords (Fig. 7J; MNHN-IM-2009-13434). Lower part of whorls with a row of larger, more pronounced nodules, just above suture in upper whorls or sometimes nearer midwhorl. In some specimens nodules absent on last whorl. Last whorl may bear low carina at periphery (in specimens with nodules absent), giving it very weakly angled outline. Below periphery 2–3 distinct spiral cords on penultimate whorl and about 30 cords below carina on last whorl and 20 on canal. Shell base gradually narrowing towards long, nearly straight siphonal canal. Aperture narrow, constricted posteriorly with broad, very thin parietal callus, outer lip partially broken, convex and weakly angled in upper part and slightly convex below shoulder, and shallowly concave at transition to canal. Anal sinus moderately deep, subsutural, broadly arcuate, growth lines confluent with large forward extension of outer lip. Growth lines thin but distinct. Shell uniformly off-white, protoconch light tan. ANATOMY (n = 1, MNHN-IM-2009-16995). Proboscis of moderate length in contracted stage, buccal mass situated outside proboscis. Oesophagus very broad, forming short loop before passing through nerve ring. Venom gland opening into oesophagus ventrally and immediately posterior to nerve ring. RADULA (n = 1, MNHN-IM-2009-16995) (Fig. 8A–B). Relatively short, comprising ca 40 rows of teeth, with long nascent part (15–16 rows). Radula length 2.2 mm (16% of AL without canal), width up to 365 μm (2.7% of AL without canal). Central tooth with subrectangular basal plate, very shallowly arcuate anteriorly, with distinct borders and weak cusp. Marginal teeth flat when formed, becoming trough-shaped during maturation, folded longitudinally when fully formed. On developing part of radula, folding of teeth occurs abruptly, within one subsequent row (on Fig. 8B white arrow indicates last still unfolded tooth, while black arrow with white outline indicate the first folded tooth). Folding evident at 17 th row in radula studied. Resulting folded tooth moderately broad, with sharp pointed tip, formed by overlapping of both thickened margins (on Fig. 8A these overlapping parts are marked by hollow white arrows). Distribution This species is known from the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines, over a relatively broad bathymetric range, from 448 to 788 m.

Amalda alabaster sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 48866CE5-477F-4ED8-9FDF-D323C1126E56 Figs 13 D–E, 15 Diagnosis Shell small, up to 27 mm, ovate fusiform, with low broad conical spire and small low dome shaped protoconch (diameter of first whorl ca 0.8 mm). Primary callus smooth, shallowly impressed on left side at last whorl suture, secondary callus weakly microshagreened. Olivoid groove very shallow and indistinct. Anterior band separated by distinct fasciolar ridge into upper and slightly broader lower bands. Colour uniformly white. Etymology The specific epithet refers to the white and semitransparent shell. Used as a noun in apposition. Type material Holotype SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • 22°06′ S, 167°03′ E; 190–200 m deep; TERRASSES; stn DW3093; MNHN IM-2007-43627; sequenced. Material examined Sequenced material 9 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material NEW CALEDONIA • 1 lv; type locality; IM-2007-43633 • 3 lv; Bassin des Loyauté; 21°45′ S, 166°37′ E; 253–266 m deep; HALIPRO1; stn CP852 • 3 dd; 17 lv; 21°45′ S, 166°37′ E; 241–250 m deep; HALIPRO1; stn CP853 • 6 dd; east coast of mainland New Caledonia; 21°48′ S, 166°41′ E; 239–250 m deep; BATHUS 1; stn DW649 • 8 dd; 21°48′ S, 166°41′ E; 264–269 m deep; BATHUS 1; stn DW650 • 5 dd; 21°17′ S, 165°57′ E; 237–298 m deep; BATHUS 1; stn DW654 • 42 lv; 4 dd; 21°45′ S, 166°37′ E; 250 m deep; BATHUS 1; stn CP713. Description (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. SL 26.7 mm, AL 13.5 mm, SW 10.7 mm. SHELL. Small, ovate fusiform with relatively broad base, SW/SL 0.40; body whorl evenly weakly convex on right side, and slightly bulging on left side due to strong callus, greatest width of body whorl median. Protoconch nearly completely covered by callus with part of first whorl exposed, low dome shaped. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.79 mm. Spire low, broadly conical; primary callus thick and covering all whorls except part of protoconch, shallowly impressed on left side at last whorl suture. Surface of callus glossy, smooth, with weak indistinct spiral ridges, secondary callus thick, with distinct anterior border, joining parietal callus without visible border, extending to right ventral side of last whorl and continuing up to form a thick, tongue-shaped pad that reaches suture of antepenultimate whorl. Surface of secondary callus weakly shagreened. Body whorl cloak weakly glossy, smooth, not microshagreened. Olivoid groove very shallow and indistinct, terminating in short, broadly triangular, labral denticle. Rear edge of anterior band very sharp and distinct. Anterior band subdivided into upper and lower parts by distinct fasciolar ridge. Both upper and lower bands very weakly evenly convex, nearly flat. Plication plate with deep and broad groove at upper third, separating adapical largest spiral ridge, and two slightly smaller ridges similar in size. Columella smooth. Aperture irregularly oval, rounded posteriorly due to callus, widest medially; outer lip medium thick, orthocline in side view, nearly straight, with slight, blunt labral denticle; siphonal notch shallow, symmetrically U-shaped. Colour uniformly white. RADULA (n =3) (Fig. 13 D–F). Similar in all specimens. Central tooth tricuspid, with central cusp slightly longer than lateral ones. Cusps smooth, but lateral flaps strongly serrated and bearing longitudinal grooves between cusplets. 1–4 additional small cusplets between central and lateral major cusps. Remarks All sequenced specimens of A. alabaster sp. nov. are very similar to the holotype. In addition to pure white specimens, some are light ivory in colour of the upper teleoconch whorls or even of the entire shell (MNHN IM-2007-43583, Fig. 15 C–D). Conchologically Amalda alabaster sp. nov. is extremely similar to white specimens of A. montrouzieri. The slight differences may be the more regularly oval outline and the more cyrtoconoid spire of A. montrouzieri, but those differences are very subtle. The new species is recorded at larger depths than most of specimens of A. montrouzieri (180–210 versus 10–70 m), but A. montrouzieri can occasionally occur at the same depths as A. alabaster sp. nov. Although A. montrouzieri and A. alabaster sp. nov. are closely related, a large genetic distance between them confirms their distinction. Furthermore, there appears to be a minor difference in the radula. In A. montrouzieri the central cusp of the central tooth is clearly shorter than the lateral ones, but in A. alabaster sp. nov. the situation is opposite – the central cusp is distinctly longer. The illustration of the radula of A. montrouzieri by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988: figs 51, 53) shows a central tooth with a morphology similar to that in our A. alabaster sp. nov. Regrettably, the authors did not present the station data of the specimen from which the radula was extracted and, therefore, it is not clear whether they indeed examined A. montrouzieri. All our sequenced specimens originated from only two stations off south and south-eastern New Caledonia at depths of 180–210 m, but numerous non-sequenced specimens (see Material) were collected in the depth range of 237– 298 m. Some have a light yellowish spire callus and upper anterior band. One specimen (MNHN IM-2013-63897, Fig. 15 H–I) from a station more to the North on the east coast of New Caledonia is sister to A. alabaster sp. nov., with a very high support. Conchologically it differs from A. alabaster sp. nov. in having a stouter shell with thicker primary callus and a more pronounced colouration. It may represent a geographical morph (although it was collected very close to the type locality of A. alabaster sp. nov.) or even a separate species, but at the moment the lack of additional sequenced material does not allow to draw firmer conclusions. So, we refer to this and similar specimens as A. cf. alabaster sp. nov. The ABGD analysis also attributed A. cf. alabaster sp. nov. to the same PSH as A. alabaster sp. nov. Distribution South-eastern New Caledonia, in 180– 280 m.

Amalda optima (G.B. Sowerby III, 1897) Fig. 19E Ancilla optima Sowerby III, 1897: 7, pl. 6 fig. 31. Amalda optima – Gratecap 2012: 23, 29, fig. 23. Type material Possible syntype SOUTH AFRICA • Durban; NHMUK 1899.4.14.648. Material examined One sequenced specimen (Table 1). Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell large (SL up to 55 mm). SHELL. Broadly ovate, with narrow base and low conical spire. Primary spire callus very thick, smooth and glossy, covering all whorls, except tip of protoconch, rendering measurements impossible. Secondary callus rather thick, with distinct anterior border, smooth and glossy, fusing without visible border with parietal callus, and reaching the shell apex. Plication plate smooth, poorly separated from anterior band, columella smooth. Olivoid groove distinct, labral denticle very short, obtuse. Anterior band smooth, upper anterior band nearly flat, lower anterior band weakly convex. Primary callus milky-caramel with distinct sinuous, narrow brown axial lines, particularly pronounced on last whorl, its narrow spiral brown line bordered abapically by lighter, narrow line. Secondary callus caramel to dark brown, turning very light, nearly white, above aperture. Body whorl cloak background light caramel with irregularly spaced, orthocline, brown axial bands of uneven width, olivoid band much lighter than cloak, creamy-coloured, anterior band very dark brown. RADULA. Not studied. Distribution Natal to Mozambique., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Sowerby III G. B. 1897. Appendix to Marine Shells of South Africa: a Catalogue of all the Known Species with References to Figures in Various Works, Descriptions of New Species, and Figures of such as are New, Little Known, or hitherto Unfigured. G. B. Sowerby, London.","Gratecap D. 2012. Le genre Amalda en Afrique australe. Xenophora 140: 19 - 29."]}

Amalda hayashii Ninomiya, 1988 Figs 19 J–K, 20F–I Amalda (Alcospira) hayashii Ninomiya, 1988: 145, pl. l figs 7–8. Amalda hayashii – Okutani 2000: 523, pl. 260, fig. 3 (erroneously labelled as A. hilgendorfi). — Tsuchida 2017: atlas: 332, pl. 288 fig. 2, text: 995. Type material Holotype SOUTHERN JAPAN • Amami-Oshima Island; Ninomiya collection [not seen]. Material examined 9 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell medium in size (SL up to 50 mm). SHELL. Ovate-fusiform, with medium high, weakly cyrtoconoid spire. Primary spire callus thick, strongly pustulose except smooth last whorl, covering all whorls, except tip of protoconch, rendering measurements impossible. Secondary callus rather thin, with indistinct borders, microshagreened, weakly glossy, fusing with parietal callus without visible border, and reaching antepenultimate whorl and merging into primary callus. Plication plate from nearly smooth to bearing up to 5 ridges, columella smooth or with traces of plicae. Olivoid groove shallow to very shallow, labral denticle short, obtuse, rounded. Anterior band microshagreened, upper anterior band weakly convex with median or shifted more abapically, obtuse ridge, lower anterior band flat. Primary callus yellow-brownish on spire and slightly darker abapically, also bordered by almost white, medium broad, band. Secondary callus whitish, translucent. Body whorl cloak light chestnut with slight purple tint, olivoid band whitish, anterior brown, lower anterior band lighter, plication plate creamy. RADULA (n=3, sequenced, Fig. 20 F–I). With simple, hook-shaped lateral teeth. Central teeth quite variable, from tridentate with large, smooth cusps, central smallest (Fig. 20I), with serrated cusps and lateral flaps (Fig. 20G), to multicuspid central with five smooth cusps, central three much smaller than lateral ones. Distribution From southern Japan to the South China Sea, in 250– 310 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Ninomiya T. 1988. A new subgenus and five new species of the Ancillinae (Gastropoda: Olividae) from Southwestern Australia, Japan and Taiwan. Venus 47: 141 - 153.","Okutani T. 2000. (ed.) Marine Mollusks in Japan. Tokai Uniersity. Press, Tokyo.","Tsuchida E. 2017. Family Olivellidae. In: Okutani T. (ed.) Marine Mollusks in Japan, 2 nd Edition, Vol. 2: 995 - 997. Tokai University Press, Tokyo."]}

Amalda coriolis Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988 Figs 13H, 18 F–J Amalda coriolis Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988: 293, figs 33–37, 42–43, 58. Amalda coriolis – Gratecap 2014: 14, 19, figs 14–15. Type material Holotype CORAL SEA • Lord Howe Ridge, Kelso Bank; 24°10′ S, 159°36′ E; 270 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn DW280; MNHN IM-2000-1393. Material examined Sequenced material Two sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material CORAL SEA • Material listed by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) • 1 dd; Capel Bank; 25°08′ S, 159°50′ E; 270 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn CP4928 • 9 dd; Capel Bank; 25°21′ S, 159°45′ E; 235–242 m deep; stn DW4944 • 2 dd; Kelso Bank; 24°08′ S, 159°37′ E; 275–276 m deep; stn CP4947 • 1 dd; Kelso Bank; 24°07′ S, 159°40′ E; 275 m deep; stn CP4948 • 1 dd subadult; Kelso Bank; 24°12′ S, 159°41′ E; 270–385 m deep; stn DW4951. Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell large (SL up to 48.9 mm). SHELL. Biconic-ovate, with narrow base and high, acutely conical spire. Last whorl angulated just below suture. Primary spire callus thick, microshagreened, covering all whorls, except 1–1.5 protoconch whorls, with very weak spiral ridges. Protoconch large, low-dome shaped, first whorl diameter 0.95– 1.13 mm (mean 1.06, n=5). Secondary callus very thick, fusing without visible border with parietal callus, with distinct anterior border, forming a strong pad reaching adapical suture of antepenultimate whorl. Plication plate with 1–4 ridges, all weak except adapical one, columella smooth. Olivoid groove distinct, labral denticle not pronounced. Upper anterior band weakly convex, with rounded and weak submedian low ridge. Lower anterior band nearly flat, microshagreened. Primary callus from very light yellowish to dark orange-brown in upper part, in the lower part with white to creamy spiral band. Secondary callus white to creamy. Body whorl cloak from white to orange, olivoid band nearly white, upper anterior band from yellowish to dark brown and lower anterior band from white to orange-brown, plication plate white. RADULA (Fig. 13H). Examined in one specimen. Central tooth tricuspid, with broad lateral flaps, central cusp slightly narrower and shorter than lateral ones. Central cusp nearly smooth, lateral ones slightly serrated, broad lateral flaps strongly serrated with indistinct longitudinal grooves situated between cusplets. Remarks The radula illustrated by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988: fig. 58) is very similar to our specimen. This very characteristic species is readily distinguished from all other species in New Caledonia by its shell shape. Although the holotype is dark coloured, most specimens are much lighter, sometimes even pure white (Fig. 18J). The upper anterior band is the last shell zone that loses colour. Distribution The species is a narrow endemic found only on Kelso and Capel banks in the Coral Sea at depths of 150– 275 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 44-46, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Kilburn R. N. & Bouchet P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, ser. 4, 10, section A 2: 277 - 300.","Gratecap D. 2014. Le genre Amalda en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Xenophora 146: 13 - 20."]}

Amalda aureomarginata Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988 Figs 7H, 8 A–H, 9A Amalda aureomarginata Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988: 282, 284, figs 9–12 [not figs 13–17 = Amalda hilgendorfi]. Amalda aureomarginata – Gratecap 2014 (part): 13, 18, figs 5–8 [not fig. 9= Amalda hilgendorfi]. Type material Holotype SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • 22°47′ S, 167°15′ E; 430–465 m deep; BIOCAL; stn 45; MNHN IM-2000-1345. Material examined Sequenced material 20 sequenced specimens (all MNHN) (Table 1). Not sequenced material SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • 1 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°55′ S, 167°15′ E; 450 m deep; SMIB 1; stn DW09 • 13 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°56′ S, 167°15′ E; 437 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW25 • 5 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°55′ S, 167°16′ E; 450 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW26 • 6 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°46′ S, 167°11′ E; 394 m deep; stn DW28 • 15 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°47′ S, 167°12′ E; 405 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW29 • 2 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°55′ S, 167°13′ E; 383 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW31 • 6 lv and dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°56′ S, 167°14′ E; 400–420 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW65 • 2 dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°56′ S, 167°15′ E; 400–430 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW66 • 2 dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°55′ S, 167°16′ E; 430–440 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW68 • 1 dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°55′ S, 167°15′ E; 395– 405 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW69 • 2 dd; Antigonia Bank; 23°15′ S, 168°04′ E; 305–335 m deep; SMIB 5; stn DW104 • 2 dd; Antigonia Bank; 23°15′ S, 168°04′ E; 311–355 m deep; SMIB 8; stn DW185 • 2 dd; 23°17′ S, 168°06′ E; 390–540 m deep; SMIB 8; DW187 • ca 30 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°48′ S, 167°15′ E; 444–445 m deep; BATHUS 2; stn DW719 • 3 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°52′ S, 167°16′ E; 530–541 m deep; SMIB 8; stn DW720 • 4 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°50′ S, 167°27′ E; 430–433 m deep; SMIB 8; stn DW723 • ca 15 lv and dd; southwest slope of the Dumbéa Pass; 22°52′ S, 167°12′ E; 400 m deep; SMIB 8; stn DW729 • 1 dd; Norfolk Ridge; 23°21′ S, 168°02′ E; 386–390 m deep; BATHUS 3; stn DW829 • 2 dd; south of Grande Terre; 22°53′ S, 167°12′ E; 390–420 m deep; MUSORSTOM 4; stn DW230 • 4 dd; W of Île des Pins; 22°47′ S, 167°12′ E; 390–400 m deep; Vauban 1978–1979; stn DR16 • 4 dd; Crypthelia Bank; 23°20′ S, 168°15′ E; 207–276 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1728 • 25 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°57′ S, 167°16′ E; 427–433 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1733 • 20 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°54′ S, 167°13′ E; 403–429 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1734 • 20 lv and dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°53′ S, 167°13′ E; 415–445 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1735 • 4 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°51′ S, 167°12′ E; 340–381 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1738 • ca 30 lv and dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°51′ S, 167°14′ E; 404–448 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1739 • 1 dd, Île des Pins; 22°43′ S, 167°16′ E; 245–300 m deep; NORFOLK 2; stn DW2150 • 30 dd; Île des Pins; 22°52′ S, 167°13′ E; 453– 455 m deep; NORFOLK 2; stn DW2155 • 1 lv juv; SW of Île des Pins; 22°48′ S, 167°15′ E; 449–465 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4697 • 1 lv juv; S of Île des Pins; 22°59′ S, 167°43′ E; 494–508 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4746; MNHN-IM-2013-63421. Description MEASUREMENTS. Small to medium-sized (SL up to 34.5 mm). SHELL. Rather narrow, ovate-fusiform, with narrow base and high, acutely conical spire. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.88–0.94 mm (mean 0.91, n =5). Primary spire callus thick, covering all except protoconch and one or two teleoconch whorls, secondary callus forming fairly thin, linguiform pad, extending to second last suture. Plication plate with 4–7 ridges, sometimes bifid. Olivoid groove rather shallow, labral denticle very weak. Upper anterior band weakly convex, nearly flat, may be slightly thickened at rear edge of anterior band. Lower anterior band flat, smooth. Colour light yellowish-brown with paler olivoid band, spire callus with orange-yellow lower band, bordered abapically by narrow light line and creamy upper band with purple tint. Adapically primary callus with narrow but distinct brown borderline. Parietal callus thick, typically purplish-pink. Upper anterior band yellowish orange, lower anterior band and plication plate white. RADULA (Fig. 7H). With simple rather thin hook-shaped lateral teeth and tricuspid central teeth with central cusp smallest. Outer lower edges of outer cusps serrated. Remarks The radula of a specimen illustrated by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988: figs 52–56) is rather similar to ours, but the lateral cusps of the central tooth with serrated inner edges as well. Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) recognized three local forms: typical (south New Caledonia), Chesterfield (Coral Sea) and northern New Caledonia form, the latter two characterized by a broader oval shell and details of colouration. A molecular analysis, however, revealed that the specimens identified as these two latter forms are in fact subadults of A. hilgendorfi (see Fig. 8I). They differ from A. aureomarginata by the absence of a characteristic reddish-purple or purplish-pink upper part of the parietal callus and the median part of the primary spire callus. Another stable difference is that in A. aureomarginata, the upper limit of the secondary callus is bordered by a narrow distinct brown band (arrow on Fig. 8H), which is not present in A. hilgendorfi. The specimen of Amalda cf. aureomarginata from the Chesterfields illustrated by Gratecap (2014) is A. hilgendorfi . Distribution The confirmed distribution is confined to southern New Caledonia (Fig. 9A), in a limited area off Île des Pins approximately 40 × 30 km, with a few records from adjacent Norfolk Ridge localities. Depth range 305– 541 m.

Amalda miriky sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8EF08658-D739-4E15-A521-6BCD0FCBFCA7 Figs 7 I–J, 10 “ form or subspecies” of A. hilgendorfi occurring off Madagascar – Kilburn 1996: 25. Amalda cf. hilgendorfi – Gratecap 2016b: 4, 12, fig. 5. Diagnosis Shell large, up to 53 mm, fusiform, with large dome-shaped protoconch (diameter of first whorl ca 1.25 mm). Primary and secondary calluses very densely and distinctly microshagreened. Olivoid groove very shallow and indistinct. Anterior band separated by distinct fasciolar ridge into upper and twice more narrow lower bands. Upper anterior band has distinct ridge rounded on top. Body whorl cloak from light yellow to light orange, olivoid band pale, upper anterior band orange-brown, lower anterior band and plication plate white. Primary callus orange-brown, spire whorls with slight bluish tint. Protoconch of same colour as primary callus. Etymology The species is named after the expedition, itself named after the fishery boat on which the survey was conducted. Used as a noun in apposition. Type material Holotype MADAGASCAR • off NW Madagascar between Nosy-Be and Banc du Leven; 12°38′ S, 48°14′ E; 420–436 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3183; MNHN IM-2007-36868 (sequenced). Material examined Sequenced material 13 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material OFF NW MADAGASCAR • 5 lv; between Nosy-Be and Banc du Leven; 12°36′ S, 48°16′ E; 331– 364 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3182; MNHN IM-2007-36899, MNHN IM-2007-36879, MNHN IM- 2007-36852, MNHN IM-2007-36869, MNHN IM-2007-36857 • 38 lv, 10 dd; 12°38′ S, 48°14′ E; 420– 436 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3183; 1 lv specimen with registration MNHN IM-2007-36881 • 2 lv; 1 dd; 12°40′ S, 48°12′ E; 492–524 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3184 • 8 lv; 12°31′ S, 48°22′ E; 298–301 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3188; 2 lv specimens with registration MNHN IM-2007-38032, MNHN IM- 2007-36934 • 22 lv; 11 dd; 12°30′ S, 48°18′ E; 346–376 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3189 • 1 dd; 12°43′ S, 48°14′ E; 291–353 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3209 • 2 lv, 1 dd; 12°44′ S, 48°12′ E; 442–491 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3210 • 4 dd; 12°32′ S, 47°52′ E; 244–300 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3211 • 6 lv, 6 dd; 12°34′ S, 47°54′ E; 367–369 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3212; 2 lv with registration MNHN IM- 2007-38051; MNHN IM-2007-36682 • 5 lv, 6 dd; 12°31′ S, 47°52′ E; 262–289 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3213 • 4 lv, 2 dd; 12°33′ S, 47°52′ E; 302–327 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3214 • 14 lv, 9 dd; 12°32′ S, 47°54′ E; 316–433 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3215 • 4 lv, 2 dd; 12°34′ S, 47°52′ E; 296–350 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3216; 3 lv; MNHN IM-2007-38073; MNHN IM-2007-38074; MNHN IM- 2007-36669 • 2 lv, 1 dd; 12°33′ S, 47°56′ E; 391–438 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3217 • 1 lv; 12°46′ S, 48°12′ E; 355–380 m deep; MIRIKY; stn CP3224 • 4 lv; 12°55′ S, 48°11′ E; 260–319 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3228 • 1 dd; West of Cap d’Ambre; 12°08′ S, 48°53′ E; 496–501 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3195 • 6 dd; 12°07′ S, 48°58′ E; 362–431 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3197 • 1 dd; 12°06′ S, 48°57′ E; 527– 652 m deep; MIRIKY; stn DW3199. Description (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. SL 39.6 mm, AL 19.2 mm, SW 14.9 mm. SHELL. Shell fusiform with relatively broad base, SW/SL 0.37; body whorl evenly convex on right side, very slightly drawn in at olivoid groove, evenly convex on left side, greatest width of body whorl median. Protoconch (Fig. 10 D–E) large, broadly domed, first 0.75 whorls with distinct impressed suture, further suture overlaid by callus. Protoconch borders indistinct, rendering whorl count impossible. Diameter of first whorl 1.23 mm. Spire high, conical; primary callus not thick and covering all whorls except protoconch, slightly impressed at sutures; surface of callus weakly glossy, very densely and distinctly microshagreened; secondary callus very thin, extending to right-ventral side of last whorl and continuing up as fairly thin, tongue-shaped pad, reaching suture of antepenultimate whorl. Surface of secondary callus very similar to that of primary one, borders indistinct. Body whorl cloak glossy, covered by microscopic, dense, waving striae. Olivoid groove very shallow and indistinct, its presence detected by different colours of body whorl cloak and olivoid band rather than by actual depression of surface. Rear edge of anterior band very sharp and distinct. Anterior band strongly microshagreened, mat, and separated into upper (broader) and lower bands by distinct fasciolar ridge. Broader upper anterior band with distinct ridge rounded on top. Lower anterior band nearly flat, nearly twice narrower than upper band. Plication plate with deep and broad groove in upper third, separating adapical largest spiral ridge, followed by another deep groove and four spiral ridges progressively weakening abapically. Columella with indistinct spiral ridges visible as far as rear edge of anterior band. Aperture narrow oval, acute posteriorly, widest medially; outer lip rather thin, in side view very slightly opisthocline, nearly concave, with slight, blunt labral denticle not exactly corresponding to olivoid groove; siphonal notch shallow, symmetrically U-shaped. Body whorl cloak light orange, olivoid band light yellow, upper anterior band orange-brown, lower anterior band and plication plate white. Primary callus orange-brown, similar in tint, but slightly darker than anterior band, abapically to primary callus very narrow whitish spiral band, spire whorls with slight bluish tint. Protoconch of same colour as primary callus. Outer lip inside and lower part of aperture white, aperture inside light pinkish. RADULA (n= 2, not sequenced). Lateral teeth simple, thin, hook-shaped. Central teeth tricuspid, with central cusp much thinner and smaller than lateral ones (Fig. 7J). Lateral cusps with serrated sides. In one specimen central cusp subdivided into two very small cusplets (Fig. 7I), lateral cusps with smooth edge. Remarks The species, which may reach 53.4 mm, is variable in shell slenderness and colouration. The holotype is an average dark specimen, while some specimens are much lighter; some specimens may also have a distinct purplish tint on the secondary callus. Molecular analysis clearly demonstrates that this is a separate species, although there is a morphological similarity with A. hilgendorfi. Both species are reliably distinguished by the protoconch: in A. miriky sp. nov. it is much larger (first protoconch whorl diameter of more than 1.2 mm vs 0.75–0.92 mm in A. hilgendorfi). Another somewhat similar species from the western Indian Ocean is A. trippneri Kilburn, 1996 from Saya de Malha Bank, depth unknown. The latter differs from A. miriky sp. nov. in its more narrow shell with much taller spire, the presence of the spiral lirae on the spire, as well as indistinct, rather deep, olivoid groove. In general outline and colour, Amalda miriky sp. nov. is also similar to A. hayashii Ninomiya, 1988, differing in exposed protoconch, not covered by callus, by a narrower olivoid band, by completely white plication plate and by more slender shell. Distribution North-western Madagascar, alive in 289– 760 m.

Genus Amalda H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 Type species Ancillaria tankervillii Swainson, 1825, by subsequent designation by Cossmann (1899). Remarks Amalda tankervillii occurs in Venezuela in shallow water (6 to 70 m) and is conchologically quite different from the other species included in the genus (Fig. 4M). Neither its anatomy nor the molecular data have been examined. Based on shell characters, Voskuil (1991) compared Ancillaria tankervillii with species of Eburna Lamarck, 1801 and concluded that Amalda s. str. should be considered a subgenus of Eburna, while the Indo-Pacific species of Amalda probably belong to a separate genus Baryspira P. Fischer, 1883. Although A. tankervillii is indeed somewhat different from Indo-Pacific species in being thin, broadly oval, with a large inflated last whorl and a very low spire, in the absence of molecular and anatomical data the opinion of Voskuil (1991) remains speculative. Herein, we follow the generally accepted taxonomic concept of Amalda and do not attempt to revise its generic/subgeneric structure, which will require a much broader molecular taxon sampling than is currently available, as well, as sequencing additional genetic markers., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Cossmann M. 1899. Essais de paleoconchologie comparee. Vol. 3. Chez l'auteur et Comptoir geologique, Paris.","Voskuil R. P. A. 1991. The recent species of the genus Eburna Lamarck, 1801. Vita Marina 41: 49 - 55."]}

Amalda fuscolingua Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988 Fig. 9B, 18 A–E Amalda fuscolingua Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988: 288–289, figs 25–28, 40–41, 54. Amalda fuscolingua – Gratecap 2014: 14, 18, figs 11–13. Type material Holotype SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • S of Île des Pins; 22°54′ S, 167°14′ E; 412–428 m deep; SMIB 2; stn DW03; MNHN IM-2000-1439. Material examined Sequenced material 8 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • material listed by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) • 1 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°56′ S, 167°15′ E; 437 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW25 • 1 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°46′ S, 167°11′ E; 394 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW28 • 4 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°47′ S, 167°12′ E; 405 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW29 • 1 lv; 3 dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°56′ S, 167°14′ E; 400– 420 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW65 • 1 dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°56′ S, 167°15′ E; 400–430 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW66 • 1 dd; between Île des Pins and Grand Récif Sud; 22°55′ S, 167°15′ E; 395–405 m deep; SMIB 4; stn DW69 • 15 lv, dd; E of Île des Pins; 22°51′ S– 22°52′ S, 168°12’ E– 168°13′ E; 408–436 m deep; SMIB 8; stn DW197-199 • 15 lv, dd; SE slope of Passe de Dumbéa; 22°52′ S, 167°12′ E; 400 m deep; BATHUS 2; stn DW729 • 15 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°44′ S, 167°17′ E; 350–393 m deep; BATHUS 2; stn DW717 • 3 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°50′ S, 167°27′ E; 430–433 m deep; BATHUS 2; stn DW723 • 10 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°48′ S, 167°26′ E; 344–358 m deep; BATHUS 2; stn DW724 • 6 dd; Canal de la Havannah; 22°13′ S, 167°09′ E; 353–365 m deep; EXBODI; stn DW3784 • 1 dd; Canal de la Havannah; 22°15′ S, 167°10′ E; 386–387 m deep; EXBODI; stn DW3785 • 7 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°57′ S, 167°16′ E; 427–433 m deep; NORFOLK 1; DW1733 • 15 lv, dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°52′ S, 167°12′ E; 383–407 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1736 • ca 30 lv, dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°51′ S, 167°10′ E; 400 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1737; • 15 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°51′ S, 167°12′ E; 340–381 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn DW1738. – Off Île des Pins • 10 dd; 22°44′ S, 167°16′ E; 386–391 m deep; NORFOLK 2; stn DW2148 • 12 dd; 22°43′ S, 167°14′ E; 353–368 m deep; NORFOLK 2; stn DW2151 • 4 dd; 22°47′ S, 167°12′ E; 395–400 m deep; NORFOLK 2; stn CP2153 • 25 dd; 22°54′ S, 167°15′ E; 468–500 m deep; NORFOLK 2; stn DW2156 • 1 lv; 22°45′ S, 167°13′ E; 400–405 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4660; MNHN IM-2013-68426 • 2 lv; 22°57′ S, 167°39′ E; 310–403 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4745; MNHN IM-2013-63419; MNHN IM-2013-63425. Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell large (SL up to 57 mm). SHELL. Ovate-fusiform, with blunt orthoconoid spire. Primary spire callus thick, microshagreened, covering all whorls, except 1–1.5 protoconch whorls. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.92–1.06 mm (mean 0.98, n=5). Secondary callus thick, fusing without visible border with parietal callus, with distinct anterior border, reaching suture of antepenultimate whorl. Plication plate with 3–6 ridges, all weak except outer 2, columella smooth. Olivoid groove very shallow to obsolete, labral denticle very small, obtuse to absent. Upper anterior band nearly flat except weak submedian low ridge. Lower anterior band nearly flat, microshagreened. Primary callus orange-brown in lower part, brown on spire with distinct, strongly prosocline, lighter axial lines. Secondary callus orange-brown. Body whorl cloak light yellowish-brown, olivoid band usually slightly lighter, anterior band orange brown with upper anterior band slightly darker, of the same colour as cloak, plication plate white. Remarks This distinct species poses no taxonomic problems due to its very characteristic colour pattern of primary spire callus with strongly prosocline lighter axial lines and brightly coloured thick orangebrown secondary callus. There is no species in New Caledonia resembling A. fuscolingua. The radula, examined by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988: fig. 54), is similar to that of A. montrouzieri with central tooth with less serrated cusps. Distribution The species is confined to a narrow perimeter around Île des Pins (Fig. 9B), with a maximal extension of 150× 60 km and a depth range of 300– 500 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Kilburn R. N. & Bouchet P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, ser. 4, 10, section A 2: 277 - 300.","Gratecap D. 2014. Le genre Amalda en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Xenophora 146: 13 - 20.","Bozzetti L. 2007. Due nuove Amalda (Gastropoda: Hypsogastropoda: Olividae) dalla Nuova Caledonia. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale 56: 14 - 16."]}

Amalda allaryi Bozzetti, 2007 Figs 13G, 16 A–F, 17A–B Amalda allaryi Bozzetti, 2007: 14, text-fig. Amalda maritzae Bozzetti, 2007: 15–16, text-fig [possible synonym; see Remarks]. Amalda allaryi – Gratecap 2014: 14, 19, figs 26–27. Type material Holotype NEW CALEDONIA • Holotype of A. allaryi; Île des Pins; 250–280 m deep; MNHN IM-2000-20532 • Holotype of A. maritzae; “Norol Récifs” [but see below]; 250–280 m deep; MNHN IM-2000-24475. Material examined Sequenced material 3 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material NEW CALEDONIA • 2 dd; Grand Récif Sud; 22°44′ S, 167°19′ E; 95–100 m deep; LAGON; stn DW580 • 3 dd; Canal de la Havannah; 22°13′ S, 167°07′ E; 264–273 m deep; EXBODI; stn CP3788 • 4 dd; Terrasses Sud Est; 22°28′ S, 167°29′ E; 300–420 m deep; TERRASSES, stn DW3079 • 3 dd; Terrasses Sud Est; 22°06′ S, 167°03′ E; 190–200 m deep; EXBODI; stn DW3093 • 1 dd; W of Île des Pins; 22°40′ S, 167°12′ E; 219–244 m deep; KANACONO; stn CP4656 • 1 dd; W of Île des Pins; 22°41′ S, 167°02′ E; 120–129 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4727 • 1 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°47′ S, 167°27′ E; 244–285 m deep; KANACONO; stn CP4673 • 2 dd; W of Île des Pins; 22°42′ S, 167°13′ E; 303–315 m deep; KANACONO; stn CP4658 • 1 dd; E of Île des Pins; 22°41′ S, 167°41′ E; 358– 393 m deep; KANACONO; stn CP4739 • 1 dd; W of Île des Pins; 22°41′ S, 167°13′ E; 225–250 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4701 • 5 dd; 1 lv (MNHN IM-2013-68272); SW of Île des Pins; 22°47′ S, 167°27′ E; 200–290 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4695 • 13 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°48′ S, 167°29′ E; 311– 302 m deep; KANACONO; stn CP4674. Description SHELL. Large (SL up to 65 mm), ovate-fusiform, with a cyrtoconoid spire. Primary spire callus thick, weakly microshagreened, covering all whorls, except 1–1.5 protoconch whorls, thus rendering impossible the whorls count and measurements. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.84–1.02 mm (mean 0.92, n =3). Secondary callus thick, fusing without visible border with parietal callus, with distinct anterior border and reaching anterpenultimate whorl. Plication plate with 2–3 ridges, lowest one the weakest, columella smooth. Olivoid groove very shallow, nearly obsolete, labral denticle very small, obtuse. Upper anterior band weakly convex, rear edge of anterior plate distinctly thickened, raised above the surface of upper anterior band, nearly flat. Lower anterior band nearly flat, smooth. Colour from very pale creamy to ivory. Primary callus from light to dark orange or brown, with strongly prosocline lighter axial lines. Secondary callus orange in upper part. Olivoid band slightly lighter than body whorl cloak, upper anterior band of the same colour as cloak, lower anterior band and plication plate white. RADULA (MNHN IM-2013-68272, Fig. 13G). Central tooth tricuspid, with central cusp slightly narrower and shorter than lateral ones. Cusps smooth, broad lateral flaps strongly serrated and with shallow longitudinal grooves between cusplets. 0–2 additional small cusplets between central and lateral major cusps. Remarks Amalda allaryi is very similar to coloured specimens of A. montrouzieri, with which it can be sympatric where they bathymetrically overlap. The morphological differences between the two are very subtle and include the generally more obtuse shell apex in A. allaryi, reflecting its larger protoconch (Fig. 17 A–B), and a more brightly coloured callus, which can be orange-pink (as in our studied specimens) with narrow, dense, strongly prosocline lighter axial lines. In the holotype, though, the callus is much paler, light yellowish-brown. Nevertheless the molecular data confirm the distinctiveness of the two species. Based on shell characters, Gratecap (2014) considered A. allaryi to be a form of A. montrouzieri, a conclusion rejected by our molecular data. He also illustrated additional specimens (Gratecap 2014: figs 29 – no locality provided, 30 – Île des Pins at 450 m, 31 – no locality provided) as A. maritzae. The latter nominal species, which is known from the holotype only, is very similar to A. allaryi (Fig. 16 G– H), differing in a larger and heavier shell and minor details of colouration. The stated type locality, “Norol reefs, northward of New Caledonia ”, is problematic. The place name “Norol reefs” is absent in New Caledonia, and the handwritten label accompanying the holotype in fact reads “Nord Récifs d’Entrecasteaux”, to the north of New Caledonia, where we have not found A. allaryi. The holotype originated from a commercial source and the locality needs confirmation. It may represent a separate species or a disjunct population of A. allaryi. In the absence of molecular material, we conditionally synonymize the two species and as first revisers select A. allaryi as the valid name. Distribution Judging from sequenced and dead collected material, Amalda allaryi inhabits a narrow perimeter near Île des Pins at depths of 90 to 250– 280 m (holotype) that lies completely within the range of A. montrouzieri (5–280 m)., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Bozzetti L. 2007. Due nuove Amalda (Gastropoda: Hypsogastropoda: Olividae) dalla Nuova Caledonia. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale 56: 14 - 16.","Gratecap D. 2014. Le genre Amalda en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Xenophora 146: 13 - 20."]}

Amalda monilifera (Reeve, 1864) Figs 19 F–G, 20B, E Ancillaria monilifera Reeve, 1864: pl. 10, sp. 36. Gracilispira monilifera – Wilson 1994: 131, pl. 29, fig. 16 a–c. Amalda (Gracilispira) monilifera – Gratecap 2016a: 6, 18, fig. 12. Type material Holotype (by monotypy) WESTERN AUSTRALIA • Swan River; NHMUK 197933. Material examined One sequenced specimen (Table 1). Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell small (SL up to 18 mm). SHELL. Ovate-fusiform, with conical spire with nearly straight sides. Primary spire callus thin, semitransparent, smooth, covering all whorls, except protoconch. Protoconch rounded above, boundary with teleoconch indistinct, first whorl diameter 0.65 mm. Secondary callus medium thick on parietal wall and forming distinct parietal pad, extending only to penultimate whorl. Plication plate with 3 weak ridges and still two weaker on columella. Olivoid groove distinct but shallow, labral denticle prominent, narrow triangular. Upper anterior band weakly convex, with low median ridge, lower anterior band nearly flat, smooth. Colour of primary callus light orange, body whorl cloak creamy with light brown anastomosing pattern, subsuturally a row of large, irregular oval brown spots, seen through transparent callus on all teleoconch whorls, olivoid band and lower anterior band with row of brown spots, plication plate creamy. RADULA (n= 1, Fig. 20B, E). With broad, subtriangular lateral teeth with sharp, hook-shaped, curved tip. Central cusp multicuspid, with three major central cusps, median much narrower and slightly shorter than lateral ones, in addition medium long, irregularly shaped, 2–4 cusps between lateral and median cusps, also irregular-shaped fissures in median part of central tooth. Lateral flaps of central tooth dentated, with 3–5 triangular short cusplets. Remarks The radula of the species is studied here for the first time. Ninomiya (1990) included this species in his new subgenus Mundaspira (type species Amalda concinna Ninomiya, 1990). Distribution The Recherche Archipelago in southern Western Australia (Gratecap 2016a), in 0– 15 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 47-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Reeve L. A. 1864. Monograph of the Genus Ancillaria. In: Conchologia Iconica, 15. London, Reeve. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 10972403 [accessed 29 Jul. 2020].","Wilson B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Part Two (Neogastropoda). Odyssey Publishing, Hong Kong.","Gratecap D. 2016 a. Le genre Amalda en Australie. Xenophora 155: 13 - 20.","Ninomiya T. 1990. A new subgenus and five new species of the Ancillinae (Gastropoda: Olividae) from Australia. Venus 49: 69 - 82.","Sowerby III G. B. 1897. Appendix to Marine Shells of South Africa: a Catalogue of all the Known Species with References to Figures in Various Works, Descriptions of New Species, and Figures of such as are New, Little Known, or hitherto Unfigured. G. B. Sowerby, London.","Yokoyama M. 1922. Fossils from the Upper Musashino of Kazusa and Shimosa. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 44: 1 - 200.","Ninomiya T. 1988. A new subgenus and five new species of the Ancillinae (Gastropoda: Olividae) from Southwestern Australia, Japan and Taiwan. Venus 47: 141 - 153.","Kilburn R. N. & Bouchet P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, ser. 4, 10, section A 2: 277 - 300."]}

Amalda cacao sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CE4694EC-3B8F-40C8-819D-F62DAFEF2AD9 Figs 7 K–L, 11 Amalda hilgendorfi richeri, partim – Kilburn & Bouchet 1988: 288, figs 23–24 (labelled as paratype, but not listed in text under type material). Amalda cf. hilgendorfi richeri – Gratecap 2014: 14, 19, figs 24–25. Diagnosis Shell large, up to 75 mm, fusiform, with turreted whorls and small broadly dome shaped protoconch (diameter of first whorl ca 0.7 mm). Primary and secondary calluses distinctly microshagreened. Border between primary callus and cloak of body whorl very distinct with thin lighter line. Olivoid groove very shallow, obsolete on most part of last whorl. Anterior band separated by distinct fasciolar ridge into upper and slightly narrower lower bands. Upper anterior band with distinct triangular in section ridge. Body whorl cloak chestnut on apertural side and lighter on dorsal side, with axial lines alternating in colour; olivoid band and adjoining narrow zone of cloak of body whorl white, anterior band chestnut brown, plication plate white with weak yellowish spiral band. Primary and secondary calluses dark chocolate brown, parietal pad light, with bluish tint. Protoconch white. Etymology The species name refers to the chocolate colour of the shell. Used as a noun in apposition. Type material Holotype CORAL SEA • Lord Howe Ridge, Nova Bank; 22°25′ S, 159°13′ E; 315 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn CP320; not sequenced; MNHN IM-2000-35296. Material examined Sequenced material CORAL SEA • 1 lv; Nova Bank; 22°17′ S, 159°27′ E; 360–370 m deep; EBISCO; stn DW2533; MNHN IM-2007-33287. Not sequenced material CORAL SEA • 1 dd; Kelso Bank; 24°06′ S, 159°41′ E; 295–310 m deep; EBISCO; stn DW2514 • 1 dd; Nova Bank; 22°07′ S, 159°25′ E; 487–610 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn DW301 • 1 dd; Nova Bank; 22°10′ S, 159°26′ E; 385–420 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn DW304 • 1 dd; Kelso Bank; 24°12′ S, 159°41′ E; 270–385 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4940 • 1 dd; Capel Bank; 25°29′ S, 159°49′ E; 310–320 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4951 • 1 dd; Argo Bank; 23°08′ S, 159°31′ E; 280 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4958. SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA – Norfolk Ridge • 1 dd; Kaimon Maru Bank; 24°44′ S, 168°09′ E; 227–232 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn CP1676 • 1 dd worn; 24°45′ S, 168°08′ E; 233 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW08. Description (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. SL 74.9 mm, AL 40.0 mm, SW 29.3 mm. SHELL. Shell fusiform with relatively narrow base, SW/SL 0.39; body whorl evenly convex on right side, evenly convex on periphery and shell base on left side, slightly concave subsuturally, greatest width of body whorl median. Protoconch (Fig. 11 D–E) small, broadly domed, first 1.5 whorls with distinct impressed suture, suture further overlaid by callus. Limit of protoconch indistinct, rendering whorl count impossible. Diameter of first whorl 0.68 mm. Spire high, turreted; primary callus not thick and covering all whorls except protoconch and uppermost teleoconch whorls, distinctly impressed on suture; surface of callus glossy, distinctly microshagreened, more dense in suture areas. Secondary callus very thin, forming distinct thickened pad on parietal wall, extending to right ventral side of last whorl and continuing up to form a fairly thin, tongue-shaped pad, reaching suture of antepenultimate whorl. Surface of secondary callus very similar to that of primary one, its borders indistinct. Body whorl cloak glossy, covered by indistinct spiral riblets of variable width. Olivoid groove very shallow, obsolete on most part of last whorl and present on last ¼ whorl. Rear edge of anterior band very sharp and distinct near columella, becoming blurred and sinuous on dorsal side of last whorl towards aperture lip. Anterior band subdivided in upper and lower anterior bands by distinct, step-like, fasciolar ridge. Upper anterior band slightly broader, with distinct, nearly median, additional ridge, triangular in section. Lower anterior band nearly flat. Plication plate with shallow, rather broad, median groove. No ridges on plication plate and columella. Aperture narrow oval, acute posteriorly, widest in its lower third; outer lip thin, very slightly opisthocline in sideview, weakly concave, without visible labral denticle; siphonal notch shallow, symmetrically U-shaped. Body whorl cloak chestnut on apertural side and lighter on dorsal side, with axial lines alternating in colour, corresponding to growth lines; olivoid band and adjoining narrow zone of body whorl cloak white, anterior band chestnut brown, plication plate white with weak yellowish spiral band. Primary and secondary calluses dark chocolate brown, parietal pad light, with bluish tint. Protoconch white. Outer lip with broad spiral brownish band, corresponding to cloak, white deeper inside. OPERCULUM. Large, spanning most of aperture, lanceolate, with subterminal nucleus near lower operculum edge. RADULA (holotype) (Fig. 7 K–L). Lateral teeth thick, hook-shaped. Central teeth strongly overlapping, tricuspid, with broad lateral flaps. Lateral cusps and lateral flaps with several distinct grooves on outer side, flattened and broad. Central cusp narrow, sharp, much shorter than lateral ones. Remarks This very distinct species differs from most other known species of Amalda in the combination of its dark brown colour and a rather broad shell with high turreted spire. In colour pattern, it resembles specimens of Amalda raoulensis Powell, 1967 illustrated by Hart (1995) from about 100 m depth on Colville Ridge off the North Island of New Zealand, but the latter differs in having a smaller (up to 56 mm) shell with a relatively lower spire. It should be mentioned that the holotype of Amalda raoulensis is a beach worn faded specimen with a very strong, callused, peripheral spiral keel which dominates the shell appearance (Powell 1967), and the conspecificity of the specimens illustrated by Hart (1995) with the types of Amalda raoulensis needs confirmation. The shell of the only sequenced specimen of A. cacao sp. nov. is broken into pieces, but the intact upper teleoconch whorls (Fig. 11F) are identical to the holotype, leaving no doubt on their conspecificity. Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) considered it to be a colour variant of Amalda hilgendorfi richeri, but Cox1 data clearly indicate that it is a separate species. Distribution Live collected in the Coral Sea; dead specimens also known from Kaimon Maru Bank on Norfolk Ridge. Depth range: alive at 315–360 m, empty shells at 227– 487 m.

Genus Amalda H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 Type species Ancillaria tankervillii Swainson, 1825, by subsequent designation by Cossmann (1899). Remarks Amalda tankervillii occurs in Venezuela in shallow water (6 to 70 m) and is conchologically quite different from the other species included in the genus (Fig. 4M). Neither its anatomy nor the molecular data have been examined. Based on shell characters, Voskuil (1991) compared Ancillaria tankervillii with species of Eburna Lamarck, 1801 and concluded that Amalda s. str. should be considered a subgenus of Eburna, while the Indo-Pacific species of Amalda probably belong to a separate genus Baryspira P. Fischer, 1883. Although A. tankervillii is indeed somewhat different from Indo-Pacific species in being thin, broadly oval, with a large inflated last whorl and a very low spire, in the absence of molecular and anatomical data the opinion of Voskuil (1991) remains speculative. Herein, we follow the generally accepted taxonomic concept of Amalda and do not attempt to revise its generic/subgeneric structure, which will require a much broader molecular taxon sampling than is currently available, as well, as sequencing additional genetic markers.

Amalda hilgendorfi (von Martens, 1897) Figs 2–4, 5–6, 7 A–G, 8I–J Ancillaria hilgendorfi von Martens, 1897: 167, pl. 16 figs 26–27. Amalda hilgendorfi richeri Kilburn & Bouchet, 1988: 285–287, figs 18–22 [not figs 23–24 = Amalda cacao sp. nov.]. Amalda vernedei herlaari van Pel, 1989: 14, figs 1–3. Amalda hilgendorfi vezzaroi Cossignani, 2015: 24–25, text figures. Baryspira hilgendorfi – Kira 1962: 208, pl. 71 fig. 1. — Kuroda et al. 1971: 300 [Japanese text], 196 [English text], pl. 54. fig. 1. Amalda aureomarginata Northern New Caledonia form – Kilburn & Bouchet 1988: 284, Fig. 13. Amalda aureomarginata Chesterfield form – Kilburn & Bouchet 1988: 284, figs 14–17. ? Amalda (Alcospira) hilgendorfi – Ninomiya 1990: pl. 2 fig. 5. Amalda hilgendorfi – Okutani 2000: 523, pl. 260 fig. 2 (erroneously labelled A. hayashii on the plate) [not pl. 260 fig. 3= A. hayashii]. — Gratecap 2016b: 4, 12, figs 3–4. — Tsuchida 2017: 995, pl. 288 fig. 3. Amalda vernedei herlaari – Poppe 2008: pl. 546, figs 7–9. Amalda hilgendorfi richeri – Gratecap 2014 (part): 14, 19, figs 19–23 [not figs 24–25 = Amalda cacao sp. nov.] Type material JAPAN • Holotype of Ancillaria hilgendorfi; ZMB 31632. NEW CALEDONIA • Holotype of Amalda hilgendorfi richeri; North of New Caledonia, Grand Passage; 18°57′ S, 163°14′ E; 480 m deep; MNHN IM-2000-1378. ARAFURA SEA • Holotype of Amalda vernedei herlaari; Arafura Sea; 150 fathoms [270 m]; formerly ZMA Moll. no. 3.88.040, now NBC. PHILIPPINES • Holotype of Amalda hilgendorfi vezzaroi; Philippines, Aliguay island; MMM. Description SHELL. Variable, narrowly to broadly fusiform with high, acuminate spire; thin to thick microshagreened primary callus impressed at suture, forming distinct to very distinct, obtuse keel above suture. Protoconch exposed, medium large (n =2, first whorl diameter 0.75–0.92 mm), border with teleoconch indistinct. Secondary callus very thin to distinct, tongue-shaped, broadening in middle part and rounded adapically, extending on last three whorls, seemingly less shagreened than primary callus. Plication plate with 2–7 weak ridges, sometimes nearly obsolete. Olivoid groove from narrow and distinct to broad and shallow or nearly obsolete, labral tooth distinct, obtuse. Upper anterior band usually thickened, sometimes heavily. Colour variable, from pale yellowish to brown, olivoid band always lighter than body whorl cloak, anterior band the darkest anterior zone of shell, plication plate usually nearly white, primary callus bordered by lighter narrow band (or line). Height to 81 mm, exceptionally up to 98 mm. RADULA (n =16 of different morphs). Lateral teeth very similar in all species of Amalda, unicuspid, hook-shaped (Fig. 7A). Central tooth normally tricuspid with central cusp shortest. Some variation in central tooth shape (Fig. 7 B–G); central cusp from extremely short, nearly obsolete, to subdivided in two cusplets, or with additional denticles on side. Cusps of the central tooth either with smooth edges, or serrated (Fig. 7G). Morphological variation not related to geographical distribution. Remarks Molecular analysis demonstrated high heterogeneity of this species with several subclades, mostly geographically determined (Fig. 2), with groupings from Japan, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, north of New Caledonia and the Coral Sea, and south of New Caledonia and Norfolk Ridge. This structure is, however, not clear-cut; for example, individuals with identical haplotypes are found in northern New Caledonia (MNHN IM-2009-33734) and Papua New Guinea (MNHN IM-2009-22244) (Haplotype #18, Fig. 3). At the same time, the specimens collected in the south of New Caledonia are grouped in two different subclades, one of which also includes one specimen from Papua New Guinea, while the second one includes specimens from southern and northern New Caledonia and the Coral Sea, as well as one specimen from Papua New Guinea. This suggests that despite a non-planktotrophic larval development, larval dispersal in A. hilgendorfi over time can take place across large geographic distances. The presence in New Caledonia of two highly divergent genetic groups (marked by green oval and green rectangle on Fig. 3), both with affinities with haplotypes from Papua New Guinea, suggests that larval exchange between these distant regions might have been quite frequent. The species is variable in shell shape and colouration. Several morphs could be distinguished, mostly geographically determined and not necessarily distinct molecularly. This has resulted in the description of three subspecies. Moreover, morphologically very similar sympatric specimens may belong to different subclades. For a better characterization of the variability, we describe these morphs separately. General distribution Amalda hilgendorfi is broadly distributed in the West Pacific, recorded from Japan, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, eastern Australia, the Coral Sea, and New Caledonia. Nominotypical (Japan) morph Figs 2 (as Japan), 4A–D Material examined Three sequenced specimens (Table 1). Remarks Morph with a single identified haplotype (Fig. 3). Shell broad-fusiform (SL up to 53 mm, holotype 50 mm) dark-coloured, with chestnut-brown primary callus and well-defined light purplish secondary callus (Fig. 4 A–D). Body cloak orange-brown. Olivoid band light yellowish. Upper anterior band strongly convex, of same colour as body whorl cloak, lower anterior band much lighter, yellowish. Plication plate white, with 3–4 indistinct to nearly obsolete plicae. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.8–0.92 mm (mean 0.88, n=3). Depth range 150–350 m (Tsuchida 2017), sequenced specimens from 230– 280 m. Philippines morph Figs 2 (as Phil), 4E–G Material examined Two sequenced specimens (Table 1). Remarks Both sequenced specimens cluster together (Fig. 2), two haplotypes identified (Fig. 3). Shell slender (largest specimen with SL 40.3 mm), coloured in different shades of brown, with lighter olivoid band and slightly convex upper anterior band having nearly median obtuse ridge (Fig. 4). In shell shape and colouration this form matches the subspecies A. hilgendorfi vezzaroi Cossignani, 2015, described from Aliguay Island, Philippines. This same morph is illustrated by Poppe (2008) as Amalda vernedei herlaari van Pel, 1989 (part: pl. 546 fig. 7) from Balut Island in 100–150 m; this illustrated shell attains 67 mm, which is significantly larger than ours. Depth range of sequenced specimens 437– 740 m. Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands morph Figs 2 (as PNG and Sol), 4H–L Material examined Sequenced material 16 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material SOLOMON SEA • 1 lv; SE Engeneer group Island; 10°45′ S, 151°06′ E; 470–526 m deep; MADEEP; stn DW4300; MNHN IM-2013-45679 • 1 lv; SE of d’Entrecasteaux Islands; 9°48′ S, 151°33′ E; 278– 420 m deep; MADEEP; stn DW4314; MNHN IM-2013-45800. PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 1 lv; N Cape King William; 6°3′ S, 147°36′ E; 450–480 m deep; PAPUA NIUGINI; stn DW3992; MNHN IM-2013-19808 • 1 lv; 6°00′ S, 147°38′ E; 785 m deep; PAPUA NIUGINI; stn DW3992; MNHN IM-2013-19856. Remarks The population from the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea is molecularly heterogeneous; although most of them forming a highly supported clade (Fig. 2), some specimens are scattered along the tree. One specimen (MNHN IM-2009-23330, Fig. 4L) groups with the morph from south of New Caledonia; while another (MNHN IM-2009-22244, Fig. 4K) groups with the specimens from north of New Caledonia sharing the same haplotype (Fig. 3). In total, seven haplotypes were identified (two from the Solomon Islands and five from Papua New Guinea). Shell large (SL up to 81.2 mm (MNHN IM-2013-45800), although most specimens are below 55 mm), resembling the population from north of New Caledonia, although generally of darker orange-brown colour and lacking the purplish colouration of the callus that is often present in the northern New Caledonia morph. Upper teleoconch whorls sometimes with obtuse calloused carina. Upper anterior band either evenly strongly convex or with poorly defined submedian carina, lower anterior band always yellow-brown, although sometimes very light. Columellar ridges differently pronounced, 3–7 in number. This form was described as Amalda vernedei herlaari van Pel, 1989 (Arafura Sea, no exact locality), and later considered a subspecies of A. hilgendorfi (Cossignani 2015). The shell can attain 98 mm (holotype of Amalda vernedei herlaari). Depth range 335– 785 m. New Caledonia morphs Figs 2 (as CS, nNC, sNC), 5, 6, 7F-G Remarks The specimens from New Caledonia form two distinct and supported molecular subclades (Fig. 2). One of them includes only specimens from south of New Caledonia (mostly around Île des Pins), while the second one combines specimens from southern and northern New Caledonia as well as from the Coral Sea. Each subclade includes one specimen from Papua New Guinea (see above). Morphologically, the specimens from south of New Caledonia around Île des Pins are very similar, although they belong to different subclades. Conversely, specimens from the Coral Sea and north of New Caledonia are morphologically very variable, despite belonging to the same subclade. Coral Sea morph Figs 2 (as CS), 5A–F, 7G Material examined Sequenced material 15 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material CORAL SEA • Material listed by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) • 1 lv; 19°34′ S, 158°40′ E; 400–413 m deep; EBISCO; stn DW2607; MNHN IM-2007-33278 • 1 lv; 20°51′ S, 161°00′ E; 557–565 m deep; EBISCO; stn CP2643; MNHN IM-2007-33292 • 1 lv; 19°45′ S, 158°40′ E; 386–428 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4975; MNHN IM-2013-63902. Remarks Shell large (SL up to 66 mm), usually light coloured, rarely nearly white except light yellowish primary callus and anterior band. Very distinct callused carina occupying mid-whorl position appearing on fourth or fifth teleoconch whorl (Fig. 5 A–B, D). Secondary callus indistinct. Young specimens oval (Fig. 5 E–F), large ones fusiform. Upper part of plication plate light yellowish. Upper anterior band strongly convex, in large specimens with obtuse and very broad (about ¾ of anterior band) ridge. At least one specimen (SL 51.3 mm, MNHN IM-2007-33289, Fig. 5C) did not have a callused carina on the spire and had a uniformly white plication plate. Number of columellar ridges variable from 2–3 in small specimens to 6–7 in medium-sized and larger ones. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.75–0.92 mm (mean 0.82, n= 5). The younger specimens of this morph are somewhat similar in colouration to A. aureomarginata and were erroneously identified as such by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988). Depth range 390– 750 m. Northern New Caledonia morph (“ A. hilgendorfi richeri ”) Figs 2 (as nNC), 5G–K Material examined Sequenced material 15 sequenced specimens (Table 1). Not sequenced material Material listed by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988). Remarks Shell large (SL up to 76 mm), somewhat similar to the morph from the Coral Sea, although adult shells are more slender and the callused carina is less developed. Upper anterior band with more defined, relatively narrow, median carina. Plication plate uniformly white. Smaller specimens are more ovoid in shape, with relatively more pronounced carina and uniformly convex upper anterior band; the upper part of plication plate can be yellowish. Upper whorls often have a purplish tint. Number of columellar ridges variable, 2 to 6, regardless of specimen size. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.80–0.84 mm (mean 0.83, n=5). Depth range 360– 750 m. Southern New Caledonia morph (“ pupiform ”) Figs 2 (as sNC), 6, 7F Material examined Sequenced material 26 sequenced specimens (all MNHN) (Table 1). Not sequenced material SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • Material listed by Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) • 1 dd; Île des Pins; 22°48′ S, 167°15′ E; 440–470 m deep; TERRASSES; stn CP3115 • 1 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 22°54′ S, 167°17′ E; 496–505 m deep; KANACONO; stn DW4722 • 2 dd; W of Île des Pins; 22°50′ S, 167°16′ S; 480–505 m deep; VAUBAN 1978–1979; stn DR23 • 5 lv, 1 dd, S of Île des Pins; 22°53′ S, 167°17′ E; 570–610 m deep; BIOCAL; stn DW 46 • 1 dd; S of Grande Terre; 22°56′ S, 167°17′ E; 485–520 m deep; MUSORSTOM 4; stn CP215 • 1 dd; S of Grande Terre; 22°56′ S, 167°17′ E; 485–520 m deep; MUSORSTOM 4; stn DW223 • 2 worn dd; 22°51′ S, 167°13′ E; 445–460 m deep; MUSORSTOM 4; stn DW229 • 2 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°52′ S, 167°13′ E; 415 m deep; SMIB 1; stn DW02 • 7 dd; S of Île des Pins; 22°55′ S, 167°16′ E; 490–495 m deep; SMIB 2; stn DW10 • 1 dd; Banc Éponge; 24°54′ S, 168°22′ E; 530 m deep; SMIB 3; stn CP04; • 1 worn dd; Kaimon Maru Bank; 24°45′ S, 168°08′ E; 233 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW08 • 1 lv; SW of Île des Pins; 22°59′ S, 167°19′ E; 525 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW21 • 1 lv, 1 dd; SW of Île des Pins; 23°03′ S, 167°19′ E; 503 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW22. Remarks A very peculiar morph with medium-sized shell (SL up to 53.7 mm, usually less than 35 mm), occurring only in southern New Caledonia, mostly off Île des Pins, with a few specimens collected on Norfolk Ridge. Despite morphological similarity between specimens, these are genetically heterogeneous, belonging to different highly divergent assemblagies of haplotypes (marked by yellow in Fig. 3), some being closer to specimens from northern New Caledonia and the Coral Sea, while others constituting a subclade on the tree (Fig. 2). In total eight haplotypes were identified within this morph. Shell shape pupiform due to very strong development of primary and secondary calluses on upper teleoconch whorls, while uppermost 2.5–3 whorls (including those of protoconch) remain uncovered, revealing the papillate apex. Except the large development of the callus, the shell shape is rather similar to those in the north New Caledonia morph and some specimens with less developed callus (e.g., MNHN IM-2013-69558 or MNHN IM-2007-43673 on Fig. 6C) are practically indistinguishable (e.g., MNHN IM-2009-11918, Fig. 5I). Columellar ridges rather distinct, 6–7. Upper anterior band usually evenly convex, not subdivided by a ridge. First protoconch whorl diameter 0.84–0.90 mm (mean 0.86, n= 5). Depth range 233– 610 m. On Norfolk Ridge and off southern New Caledonia, some specimens very similar to those from north of New Caledonia were found in deeper water in 560–650 m in addition to the pupiform morph. One specimen was collected on Banc Eponge (Fig. 6I) in a haul with a very large depth range, 564–1144 m, but the deepest record needs confirmation. Although none of these specimens were sequenced, there is no doubt of their identity., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 14-23, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Martens E. von. 1897. Conchologischer Miscellen, Part 2. Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte 63: 157 - 180, pls 15 - 17.","Kilburn R. N. & Bouchet P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, ser. 4, 10, section A 2: 277 - 300.","van Pel P. L. 1989. Una nuova sottospecie del genere Amalda del Mar di Arafura. A new subspecies of the genus Amalda from the Arafura Sea (Gastropoda: Olividae). La Conchiglia 238 - 241: 13 - 15.","Cossignani T. 2015. Amalda hilgendorfi vezzaroi nuova ssp. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale 89: 24 - 25.","Kira T. 1962. Shells of the Western Pacific in Color. Hoikusha, Osaka.","Kuroda T., Habe T. & Oyama K. 1971. The Sea Shells of Sagami Bay, collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Maruzen, Tokyo.","Ninomiya T. 1990. A new subgenus and five new species of the Ancillinae (Gastropoda: Olividae) from Australia. Venus 49: 69 - 82.","Okutani T. 2000. (ed.) Marine Mollusks in Japan. Tokai Uniersity. Press, Tokyo.","Gratecap D. 2016 b. Le genre Amalda dans l'Ocean Indien et le Pacifique ouest. Xenophora 156: 4 - 15.","Tsuchida E. 2017. Family Olivellidae. In: Okutani T. (ed.) Marine Mollusks in Japan, 2 nd Edition, Vol. 2: 995 - 997. Tokai University Press, Tokyo.","Poppe G. T. 2008. Philippine Marine Molluscs. Vol. 2. Conchbooks, Hackenheim.","Gratecap D. 2014. Le genre Amalda en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Xenophora 146: 13 - 20.","Voskuil R. et al. 2011. The Olividae and Olivellidae ScratchPad - the electronic catalogue of olivid diversity. Available from http: // olivirv. myspecies. info / [accessed 2 Jun. 2020]."]}

Amalda contusa (Reeve, 1864) Figs 19 C–D, 20C–D Ancillaria contusa Reeve, 1864: pl. 9, species no. 31. Amalda contusa – Gratecap 2012: 19, 27, figs 1–2 (holotype illustrated), 3–5. Amalda cf. contusa – Gratecap 2012: figs 9–10. Type Material Holotype Holotype by monotypy; locality unknown; NHMUK 197836. Material examined Three sequenced specimens (Table 1). Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell small (SL up to 25 mm). SHELL. Broadly ovate, with narrow base and low conical spire. Primary spire callus very thick, smooth and glossy, covering all whorls, except tip of protoconch, rendering measurements impossible. Secondary callus rather thick, with distinct anterior border, smooth and glossy, fusing without visible border with parietal callus, and reaching shell apex. Plication plate smooth, separated from anterior band by broad and deep groove, columella smooth. Olivoid groove shallow but distinct, labral denticle short, obtuse. Anterior band smooth, upper and lower anterior bands weakly convex. Primary callus milky-caramel with irregularly positioned sinuous, brownish axial lines, abapically bordered by interrupted narrow spiral, brown and lighter narrow lines. Secondary callus dark brown, turning very light above aperture. Body whorl cloak background caramel with irregularly spaced, orthocline, brown axial bands of uneven width and lighter spiral colour lines, olivoid band much lighter than cloak, of same tint, anterior band very dark brown, light brown near columella, very light brownish abapically. RADULA (n =1, sequenced, Fig. 20 C–D). With rather short, hook-shaped lateral teeth. Central tooth broad, with broad lateral flaps, and three major cusps, median more than twice shorter and narrower than lateral ones. Lateral cusps serrated at their base as well as lateral flaps. 1–4 additional, smaller, irregularly shaped cusps between median and lateral major cusps. Remarks Our sequenced specimens correspond to what was treated and illustrated by Gratecap (2012: figs 9–10) as A. cf. contusa. This author also provided a lengthy discussion of the complex taxonomic history of A. contusa and concluded that there may be two similar but separate species, one in Natal, and the other in Mozambique and Natal. At present, the lack of comparative material does not allow us to clarify the situation and we provisionally consider our specimens to be the true A. contusa. Distribution KwaZulu Natal and Mozambique, in 15– 20 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 51-52, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Reeve L. A. 1864. Monograph of the Genus Ancillaria. In: Conchologia Iconica, 15. London, Reeve. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 10972403 [accessed 29 Jul. 2020].","Gratecap D. 2012. Le genre Amalda en Afrique australe. Xenophora 140: 19 - 29."]}

Amalda cacao sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CE4694EC-3B8F-40C8-819D-F62DAFEF2AD9 Figs 7 K–L, 11 Amalda hilgendorfi richeri, partim – Kilburn & Bouchet 1988: 288, figs 23–24 (labelled as paratype, but not listed in text under type material). Amalda cf. hilgendorfi richeri – Gratecap 2014: 14, 19, figs 24–25. Diagnosis Shell large, up to 75 mm, fusiform, with turreted whorls and small broadly dome shaped protoconch (diameter of first whorl ca 0.7 mm). Primary and secondary calluses distinctly microshagreened. Border between primary callus and cloak of body whorl very distinct with thin lighter line. Olivoid groove very shallow, obsolete on most part of last whorl. Anterior band separated by distinct fasciolar ridge into upper and slightly narrower lower bands. Upper anterior band with distinct triangular in section ridge. Body whorl cloak chestnut on apertural side and lighter on dorsal side, with axial lines alternating in colour; olivoid band and adjoining narrow zone of cloak of body whorl white, anterior band chestnut brown, plication plate white with weak yellowish spiral band. Primary and secondary calluses dark chocolate brown, parietal pad light, with bluish tint. Protoconch white. Etymology The species name refers to the chocolate colour of the shell. Used as a noun in apposition. Type material Holotype CORAL SEA • Lord Howe Ridge, Nova Bank; 22°25′ S, 159°13′ E; 315 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn CP320; not sequenced; MNHN IM-2000-35296. Material examined Sequenced material CORAL SEA • 1 lv; Nova Bank; 22°17′ S, 159°27′ E; 360–370 m deep; EBISCO; stn DW2533; MNHN IM-2007-33287. Not sequenced material CORAL SEA • 1 dd; Kelso Bank; 24°06′ S, 159°41′ E; 295–310 m deep; EBISCO; stn DW2514 • 1 dd; Nova Bank; 22°07′ S, 159°25′ E; 487–610 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn DW301 • 1 dd; Nova Bank; 22°10′ S, 159°26′ E; 385–420 m deep; MUSORSTOM 5; stn DW304 • 1 dd; Kelso Bank; 24°12′ S, 159°41′ E; 270–385 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4940 • 1 dd; Capel Bank; 25°29′ S, 159°49′ E; 310–320 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4951 • 1 dd; Argo Bank; 23°08′ S, 159°31′ E; 280 m deep; KANADEEP 1; stn DW4958. SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA – Norfolk Ridge • 1 dd; Kaimon Maru Bank; 24°44′ S, 168°09′ E; 227–232 m deep; NORFOLK 1; stn CP1676 • 1 dd worn; 24°45′ S, 168°08′ E; 233 m deep; SMIB 3; stn DW08. Description (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. SL 74.9 mm, AL 40.0 mm, SW 29.3 mm. SHELL. Shell fusiform with relatively narrow base, SW/SL 0.39; body whorl evenly convex on right side, evenly convex on periphery and shell base on left side, slightly concave subsuturally, greatest width of body whorl median. Protoconch (Fig. 11 D–E) small, broadly domed, first 1.5 whorls with distinct impressed suture, suture further overlaid by callus. Limit of protoconch indistinct, rendering whorl count impossible. Diameter of first whorl 0.68 mm. Spire high, turreted; primary callus not thick and covering all whorls except protoconch and uppermost teleoconch whorls, distinctly impressed on suture; surface of callus glossy, distinctly microshagreened, more dense in suture areas. Secondary callus very thin, forming distinct thickened pad on parietal wall, extending to right ventral side of last whorl and continuing up to form a fairly thin, tongue-shaped pad, reaching suture of antepenultimate whorl. Surface of secondary callus very similar to that of primary one, its borders indistinct. Body whorl cloak glossy, covered by indistinct spiral riblets of variable width. Olivoid groove very shallow, obsolete on most part of last whorl and present on last ¼ whorl. Rear edge of anterior band very sharp and distinct near columella, becoming blurred and sinuous on dorsal side of last whorl towards aperture lip. Anterior band subdivided in upper and lower anterior bands by distinct, step-like, fasciolar ridge. Upper anterior band slightly broader, with distinct, nearly median, additional ridge, triangular in section. Lower anterior band nearly flat. Plication plate with shallow, rather broad, median groove. No ridges on plication plate and columella. Aperture narrow oval, acute posteriorly, widest in its lower third; outer lip thin, very slightly opisthocline in sideview, weakly concave, without visible labral denticle; siphonal notch shallow, symmetrically U-shaped. Body whorl cloak chestnut on apertural side and lighter on dorsal side, with axial lines alternating in colour, corresponding to growth lines; olivoid band and adjoining narrow zone of body whorl cloak white, anterior band chestnut brown, plication plate white with weak yellowish spiral band. Primary and secondary calluses dark chocolate brown, parietal pad light, with bluish tint. Protoconch white. Outer lip with broad spiral brownish band, corresponding to cloak, white deeper inside. OPERCULUM. Large, spanning most of aperture, lanceolate, with subterminal nucleus near lower operculum edge. RADULA (holotype) (Fig. 7 K–L). Lateral teeth thick, hook-shaped. Central teeth strongly overlapping, tricuspid, with broad lateral flaps. Lateral cusps and lateral flaps with several distinct grooves on outer side, flattened and broad. Central cusp narrow, sharp, much shorter than lateral ones. Remarks This very distinct species differs from most other known species of Amalda in the combination of its dark brown colour and a rather broad shell with high turreted spire. In colour pattern, it resembles specimens of Amalda raoulensis Powell, 1967 illustrated by Hart (1995) from about 100 m depth on Colville Ridge off the North Island of New Zealand, but the latter differs in having a smaller (up to 56 mm) shell with a relatively lower spire. It should be mentioned that the holotype of Amalda raoulensis is a beach worn faded specimen with a very strong, callused, peripheral spiral keel which dominates the shell appearance (Powell 1967), and the conspecificity of the specimens illustrated by Hart (1995) with the types of Amalda raoulensis needs confirmation. The shell of the only sequenced specimen of A. cacao sp. nov. is broken into pieces, but the intact upper teleoconch whorls (Fig. 11F) are identical to the holotype, leaving no doubt on their conspecificity. Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) considered it to be a colour variant of Amalda hilgendorfi richeri, but Cox1 data clearly indicate that it is a separate species. Distribution Live collected in the Coral Sea; dead specimens also known from Kaimon Maru Bank on Norfolk Ridge. Depth range: alive at 315–360 m, empty shells at 227– 487 m., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Kilburn R. N. & Bouchet P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, ser. 4, 10, section A 2: 277 - 300.","Gratecap D. 2014. Le genre Amalda en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Xenophora 146: 13 - 20.","Powell A. W. B. 1967. Mollusca of the Kermadec Islands: Part 2. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 6: 197 - 199.","Hart M. 1995. Review of the genus Amalda from New Zealand with a description of a new species and the elevation of another subspecies to full species status. World Shells 13: 82 - 88."]}

Amalda montrouzieri (Souverbie, 1860) Figs 12, 13 A–C, 14A–B, 17C–D Ancillaria montrouzieri Souverbie, 1860a: 207. Ancillaria montrouzieri – Souverbie 1860b: 324, pl. 11 fig. 3. — Reeve 1864: pl. 4 fig. 9. Amalda montrouzieri – Kilburn & Bouchet 1988: 278–281, figs 1–8, 38–39, 51, 53. — Gratecap 2014: 13, 18, figs 1–4. Type material Syntypes NEW CALEDONIA • 1 shell; “Insul. Lifu? (Loyalty). Insul. Art?” [Souverbie 1860a]; Île des Pins [Souverbie 1860b]; MNHN IM-2000-1367 • 3 shells; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN IM- 2000-1475 (Fig. 12 A–C). Material examined Sequenced material SOUTHERN NEW CALEDONIA • 1 lv; Baie du Prony; 12–18 m deep; MNHN IM-2013-80199. Not sequenced material Material mentioned in Kilburn & Bouchet (1988), about 50 lots, 110 specimens. Description MEASUREMENTS. Shell medium in size (SL up to 41.5 mm, usually less than 30 mm). SHELL. Ovate-fusiform, with a cyrtoconoid spire. Primary spire callus thick, weakly microshagreened, covering all whorls, including most of protoconch rendering measurements inaccurate, and with weak spiral lirae (8–10 on penultimate whorl). Secondary callus medium thick, forming extensive pad on right side of spire. Plication plate with 2–4 (usually 3) ridges. Olivoid groove from shallow to rather deep, labral denticle weak, obtuse. Upper anterior band very weakly convex, nearly flat. Lower anterior band flat, smooth. Colour from uniformly white, to chestnut brown. In darker coloured specimens, primary spire callus and upper anterior band darker, olivoid band lighter than body whorl cloak, plication plate white. RADULA (n =2, not sequenced) (Fig. 13 A–C). Very similar in these two. Central tooth tricuspid, with central cusp ¼ smaller than lateral ones. All cusps, as well as lateral flaps of central tooth, with irregular distinct serration. LIVE SPECIMENS (Fig. 14 A–B). With truncated and notched posteriorly foot. Parapodia opaque, greyish, with scarce slightly darker speckles, can completely envelop shell. Propodium, anterior part of parapodia and siphon with more dense speckles. Remarks The species is quite variable in shell shape and particularly in colouration, with many specimens pure white or with lightly coloured secondary callus (e.g., Fig. 12F, I). The syntypes are the largest examined specimens. Kilburn & Bouchet (1988: 281) mentioned the existence of “a puzzling morph which is uniformly different in shape (although there are indications of intergradation in this regard) and in its faint ancillid (=olivoid) groove” at larger depths (175–420 m) (Fig. 12 J–K). This morph differs from A. montrouzieri and A.alabaster sp. nov. in its narrower shell with taller spire. It may represent a peculiar morph of A. alabaster sp. nov. or a separate species. Distribution Southern New Caledonia. Amalda montrouzieri is normally distributed at depths of 10–70 m, with specimens occasionally collected down to 130 m; a few empty shells were collected at even larger depths, down to 280 m (SMIB 3, stn DW20). Kilburn & Bouchet (1988) cited some extralimital records, mostly on the basis of published records, namely the Loyalty Islands, Fiji, the Ryukyu Islands, and the Philippines. These records should be confirmed with molecular data., Published as part of Kantor, Yuri I., Castelin, Magalie, Fedosov, Alexander & Bouchet, Philippe, 2020, The Indo-Pacific Amalda (Neogastropoda, Olivoidea, Ancillariidae) revisited with molecular data, with special emphasis on New Caledonia, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 706 on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.706, http://zenodo.org/record/4010954, {"references":["Souverbie S. M. 1860 a. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles de l'Archipel caledonien. Journal de Conchyliologie 8: 123 - 126, 204 - 207.","Souverbie S. M. 1860 b. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles de l'Archipel caledonien. Journal de Conchyliologie 8: 311 - 326, pl. 11.","Reeve L. A. 1864. Monograph of the Genus Ancillaria. In: Conchologia Iconica, 15. London, Reeve. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 10972403 [accessed 29 Jul. 2020].","Kilburn R. N. & Bouchet P. 1988. The genus Amalda in New Caledonia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Olividae, Ancillinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, ser. 4, 10, section A 2: 277 - 300.","Gratecap D. 2014. Le genre Amalda en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Xenophora 146: 13 - 20."]}