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This experement was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of dietary humate (0.0, 0.15, 0.30%) suplementation and body weight (light=1400-1500 g, medium=1500-1600, heavy=1600 < g) on laying performance and egg quality parameters of layers. A total of 216 Lohmann layers at age of 28 weeks were utilized as animal material. The experimental period lasted for 16 weeks. Except for feed consumption and feed conversion ratio, humat levels did not affect laying performance parameters. The Feed consumption and feed conversion ratio for groups of feeding humate suplementation diet (0.0, 0.15, 0.30 %) were found to be 125,8, 120,8, 123,4 g and 2,08, 2,0 and 2,0, respectively. A ll of the performance parameters were significantly affected by body weight. As body weight linearly increased, performance parameters also increased. B ut laying hens in light group consumed less feed for one kg egg pruduction than those of medium and heavy groups. Avarage daily feed intake (g), hen-day egg production (%), egg weight (g) and feed conversion ratio for light, medium and heavy groups were 119.5, 123.18, 127.3; 76.672, 82.190, 88.908 ; 61.29, 60.21, 62.69 and 1.98, 2.05, 2.08, respectively. The effect of humat level by body weight interaction on performance parameters was not found statistically significant. Except for egg yolk color and yolk index, egg quality parameters were not affected by humate levels. In addition, body weight had no significant effect on egg quality traits. Hens fed with diets including humate at differentlevels have produced more intensively coloured egg yolks than that of control group consumed feed without dietary humate. Although humat level by body weight interaction effected albumen index and Haugh unit, other egg quality parameters were not affected statistically by this interaction. As a result, groups fed with diets including dietary humate at different levels and light group consumed less feed per kg egg pruduction than those of other groups.

Bu calisma, diyetsel vitamini E (a-tokoferol asetat), organik selenyum (selenomethionine) ve bunlarin kombinasyonlarinin yumurta tavuklarinin bazi dokularinda bazi biyoelementlerin duzeyleri uzerine etkilerini degerlendirmek amaciyla yapildi. Calismada, 96 adet beyaz Lohman yumurta tavugu, esit sayida 4 gruba ayrildi. Gruplar sirasiyla bazal yem (Kontrol), bazal yem + 250 mg/kg Vit-E (D-I), bazal yem + 0.9 mg/kg Se (DII) ve bazal yem + 250 mg/kg Vit-E+ 0.9 mg/ kg Se (D-III) iceren rasyonlarla beslendi. Deneme sonunda, her gruptan 12 hayvan kesildi, belirtilen dokular alindi, analiz edilinceye kadar -20 oC'de saklandi ve biyoelement duzeyleri ICP-MS ile analiz edildi. Deneme gruplarinin dokularindaki Se, Zn ve Fe duzeyleri kontrol grubuna gore onemli derecede artarken (P

This study was carried out to determine the effects of addition of humate, probiotic, and their combination into diets on performance, egg quality, and yolk fatty acid composition of hens during the second laying period. Lohmann LSL white layers (n = 192), 46 weeks of age, were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with basal diet (control, C), 0.3% humate (H), 0.3% probiotic (P), 0.15% humate + 0.15% probiotic (HP) for 18 weeks. Feed consumption and egg production were determined daily, egg weight was measured biweekly, and body weights were recorded at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Also, 12 egg samples from each group were randomly collected to determine the egg quality every 30 days. Laying performance, yolk color, and fatty acid composition were significantly (P

We assessed the effects of different amounts of water-treated black tea waste (BTW) in the diets of laying hens on performance, egg quality, yolk peroxidation, and blood parameters in this study. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks, during which a total of 108 Lohman layers, of 24 weeks old, were randomly allocated to one of six dietary treatments (18 hens each); each treatment consisted of six replicate cages, each containing three hens. Experimental animals were fed a commercial diet that contained 0 (control), 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% BTW in place of wheat bran. Providing BTW in diets for laying hens, instead of wheat bran, did not have a significant effect on egg production, egg weight, or body weight change. As the amount of BTW in the diet increased, feed intake, cracked egg rates, and feed conversion ratio linearly increased. Additionally, use of BTW in diets of laying hens did not influence some egg quality parameters, such as shape index or shell strength. Increasing proportions of BTW in the diet, however, had a quadratic effect on yolk color and shell weight, a linear effect on yolk index and shell thickness, and a cubic effect on albumen index and Haugh unit. In response to increasing BTW percentage, there were no differences in blood parameters except for albumen, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase levels. Malondialdehyde values in the egg yolks obtained from treatment groups fed diets containing BTW at different levels and stored for 14 and 28 days were lower than in those of the control group, but there were no differences at 56 days. Results of our study showed that supplementing diets of laying hens with different levels of water-treated BTW did not have adverse effects on either animal performance or egg quality parameters and resulted in strong antioxidative activity. Consequently, BTW may be used to replace up to 100% of wheat bran in the diets of laying hens, but the best outcomes are observed at 4% BTW level.

The present study envisaged the effects of different levels of dietary copper supplementation on performance, egg quality parameters, serum and yolk cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and yolk fatty acid profile in laying hens. Total 96 Lohman laying hens (38 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups (n=24 each). Experimental diets were prepared by adding copper (0, 200, 250 or 300 mg/kg) to basal diet and feeding was lasted 12 weeks. Dietary copper supplementation decreased egg weight and feed intake but did not affect other performance parameters compared to the control diet. Shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, yolk color, yolk index, albumen index, and haugh unit were not influenced by dietary copper supplementation, whereas shell strength increased due to the inclusion of copper in the basal diet. Copper supplementation did not affect the fatty acid profile of the egg yolk. The yolk cholesterol ratio decreased by 7.22% in the presence of 250 mg/kg copper supplementation compared to control diet. Therefore, high levels of dietary copper supplementation in the diet of laying hens can be beneficial for improving shell strength and reducing the cholesterol content of the yolk.

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of the processing method of common vetch seed (CVS) (Vicia sativa) on laying performance, egg quality, metabolic parameters and liver histopatology during the peak production period in hens. Lohman layers, 46 wk of age in 6 replicate cages each containing 4 hens, were allocated randomly to one of four dietary treatments. Diets were control (C) diet containing no common vetch and experimental diets containing 25% raw common vetch (RCV), 25% soaked in water for 72 h with exchange of water every 24 h (SCV) and 25% soaked&boiled at 100°C for 30 minute common vetch (SBCV). Inclusion of RCV into the diet deteriorated all laying performance variables. SCV did not alleviate the adverse effect of raw common vetch on feed intake, egg weight, feed conversion, final weight and weight change. SCV partially alleviated egg production (p

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of humate on performance, egg quality and egg yolk fatty acid (FA) composition in laying hens. RESULTS: Six hundred and thirty White Lohmann layers at 46 weeks of age were assigned randomly to seven groups, each with 18 replicate cages of five hens. Control diet (C) and C supplemented with 0.10 (H1), 0.15 (H2), 0.20 (H3), 0.25 (H4), 0.30 (H5) and 0.35 (H6) wt% humate were offered for 25 weeks. Humate supplementation improved performance variables and egg quality indices including shape index, yolk colour, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit, but not specific gravity, shell strength and shell thickness. Average feed intake (g), egg production (%), egg weight (g) and feed efficiency for the groups were 118.9, 87.2, 68.1 and 2.07 (C), 118.8, 87.7, 66.3 and 2.08 (H1), 119.3, 89.8, 66.6 and 2.03 (H2), 119.5, 88.9, 66.9 and 2.05 (H3), 118.3, 86.5, 66.9 and 2.11 (H4), 119.3, 90.6, 66.9 and 2.02 (H5) and 123.6, 88.5, 66.1 and 2.16 (H6) respectively. Palmitoleic acid concentration increased from 4.34% (C) to 7.65% (H5) and stearic acid concentration decreased from 7.39% (C) to 5.39% (H6) of total FA. CONCLUSION: Dietary humate supplementation improved performance, inner egg quality parameters and egg yolk fatty acid composition. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry

This study was carried out to determine the influence of ram horn hydrolysate (RHH) supplementation on the growth performance and slaughter traits of broilers. A total of 240 male broiler chicks (Ross 308), received from a commercial hatchery at 1 day of age, were allocated to four dietary treatments (H0, H1, H2 and H3 groups) in a completely randomized experimental design. Feed and water were offered ad libitum and lighting was continuous throughout the experimental period. The H0 group was fed with basal diet plus normal drinking water. The H1, H2 and H3 groups were fed with basal diet plus 1%, 2% and 3% RHH-added water, respectively, in place of normal drinking water to meet the daily water requirements of broiler chicks from 1 to 28 days of age. All birds were housed in batteries from 1 to 21 days, and in grower broiler pens to 49 days. Feed intake and body weight gain were recorded weekly per pen. The average final body weights were 2524.9, 2601.2, 2441.7 and 2424.9 g for the H0, H1, H2 and H3 groups, respectively, and the difference was significant (P 0.05). At the end of the trial all birds were slaughtered to determine the slaughter traits. The hot carcass weights and yields were 1874.0, 1934.7, 1767.0, 1845.3 g and 75.78, 77.80, 75.00, 77.41%, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). In addition, offal weights were determined and it was observed that there was no difference among the groups. Abdominal fat pad weights were similar in all groups. The H1 group experienced more effects on some performance and slaughter traits than the control and the other RHH-treated groups, and the supplementation of diets with RHH at a level of 1% improved broiler performance. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry