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Purpose: To evaluate the association among andrological diseases at the first outpatient visit and the medications taken by patients for other comorbidities, as well as the differential impact between specific medication and relative comorbidities., Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study based on subjects who referred to the Andrology Unit with a well-defined andrological diagnosis., Results: A total of 3752 subjects were studied (mean age ± DS 46.2 ± 16.5 years). A total of 19 categories of andrological diseases and 110 type of medications for other comorbidities were identified. ED was the most frequent andrological pathology at the first andrological examination (28.7%), followed by infertility (12.4%). The couple of variables that were statistically significant in the univariate association analysis (p < 0.001) were: ED and (a) antihypertensives; (b) antihyperglycemics; (c) lipids-lowering; (d) psychotropics. The univariate and multivariate regression analyses confirmed the association. All the related comorbidities were also significantly associated with the univariate analysis, and all remained significantly associated with multivariate analysis. A multivariate analysis was also conducted to analyze the association between ED and the following pairs of variables "DM-antihyperglycemics", "dyslipidemia-lipids-lowering", and "hypertension-antihypertensives". In all cases, the pathology, but not the specific treatment, was significantly associated with ED., Conclusion: ED is significantly associated with antihypertensive, antihyperglycemic, lipid-lowering, psychotropic drugs' intake. Anyway, ED appears to be more related to the diseases than to the specific therapies. The definitive cause/effect relationship should be established based on future prospective studies., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Objective: The aims of this research were to study: a) the prevalence of male adolescents, aged between 10 and 19 years of age, referred to our Unit for an andrological assessment; b) the reasons (stated and subsequently modified) for referral; c) the prevalence of clinically diagnosed diseases., Materials and Methods: A total of 2.855 subjects, referred to the Andrology Unit for a first examination, were retrospectively studied. For each adolescent, a medical history was taken and an andrological physical examination was carried out., Results: Prevalence was found to be 6.9% (197/2855). Subjects were divided into two groups according to age (A: ≤ 14 and B: ≥ 15 years). The original reason stated for their consultation was corrected by 11.7% of the subjects (23/197); this correction concerned almost all the Group B subjects (21/23 (91.3%) vs 2/23 (8.7%) of Group A; p < 0.01). Regarding sexual dysfunctions, a simple explanation of certain conditions reassured the subject in about 15% of the cases. Furthermore, the physical examination proved extremely useful, revealing clinical alterations in more than 60% of subjects., Conclusions: In conclusion, to date in Italy, the prevalence of adolescents among males referred to an Andrology Unit for assessment is very low. It is important to encourage adolescents to undergo andrological examination to enable identification of reproductive function and psycho-sexual disorders.