1. Discovery of cis-N-(1-(4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl)indolin-6-yl)thiophene-2-carboximidamide: a 1,6-disubstituted indoline derivative as a highly selective inhibitor of human neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) without any cardiovascular liabilities.
- Author
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Annedi SC, Ramnauth J, Maddaford SP, Renton P, Rakhit S, Mladenova G, Dove P, Silverman S, Andrews JS, Felice MD, and Porreca F
- Subjects
- Analgesics adverse effects, Analgesics pharmacology, Animals, Arteries drug effects, Arteries physiology, ERG1 Potassium Channel, Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels antagonists & inhibitors, HEK293 Cells, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Indoles adverse effects, Indoles pharmacology, Neuralgia drug therapy, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II antagonists & inhibitors, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III antagonists & inhibitors, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Rats, Stereoisomerism, Structure-Activity Relationship, Thiophenes adverse effects, Thiophenes pharmacology, Vascular Resistance, Vasoconstriction drug effects, Analgesics chemical synthesis, Cardiovascular System drug effects, Indoles chemical synthesis, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I antagonists & inhibitors, Thiophenes chemical synthesis
- Abstract
A series of 1,6-disubstituted indoline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of human nitric oxide synthase (NOS) designed to mitigate the cardiovascular liabilities associated with previously reported tetrahydroquinoline-based selective neuronal NOS inhibitors due to higher lipophilicity ( J. Med. Chem. 2011 , 54 , 5562 - 5575 ). This new series produced similar potency and selectivity among the NOS isoforms and was devoid of any cardiovascular liabilities associated with QT prolongation due to hERG activity or endothelial NOS mediated vasoconstriction effect. The SAR studies led to the identification of cis-45, which was shown to reverse thermal hyperalgesia in vivo in the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain with excellent safety profile (off-target activities at 80 CNS related receptors/ion channels/transporters). The results presented in this report make cis-45 as an ideal tool for evaluating the potential role of selective nNOS inhibitors in CNS related disorders where excess NO produced by nNOS is thought to play a crucial role.
- Published
- 2012
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