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A circuit capable of measuring nanoampere currents while floating at voltages up to at least 25kV is described. The circuit relays its output to ground potential via an optical fiber. We particularly emphasize the design and construction techniques, which allow robust operation in the presence of high voltage spikes and discharges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a response from the authors to an article about their research paper "A Robust Floating Nanometer," published previously in the journal. The authors say that their paper described method to make a floating nanoammeter which is robust against surges due to high-voltage breakdown. They say that these design features have never been brought together in one instrument.