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This study describes the community composition and functions of the gut microbiome of the freshwater omnivorous pufferfish based on metagenomic approach. Metagenome sequence data showed a dominance of the class Gammaproteobacteria followed by Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, Anerolineae, Betaproteobacteria, Deinococci, Clostridia and Deltaproteobacteria. At the order level, the most abundant groups were Aeromonadales, Fusobacteriales, Enterobacterales, Synechococcales. The genus Aeromonas was the most predominant followed by Plesiomonas and Cetobacterium. Additionally, within the domain Archaea, class Methanomicrobia was most abundant followed by Hadesarchaea, Thermoplasmata, Candidatus Altiarchaeales, Candidatus Bathyarchaeota and Thermoprotei. The metabolic profile of the bacterial community exhibited a high prevalence of genes associated with core housekeeping functions, such as synthesis of cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups, pigments, amino acids and its derivatives, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Comparative analysis with other fish gut microbiome showing similarity in protein metabolism with carnivorous Salmon and carbohydrate metabolism with herbivorous grass carp respectively. This study describes the bacterial community compositions are influenced by the trophic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel aerobic marine actinobacterium (strain S5–52T) belonging to the genus Glutamicibacter was isolated from the coral Favia veroni sampled from the Andaman Sea, India. Cells are Gram stain positive and rod shaped. The DNA G+C content was 58.7 mol%. The major quinones were MK-8 and MK-9. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid, trimannosyldiacylglycerol, phospholipid and dimannosylglyceride. The peptidoglycan type was A4α. Strain S5–52T showed a maximum 16S rRNA similarity of 99.36% with Glutamicibacter halophytocola DSM 101718T. The genome of strain S5–52T was 3.57 Mb that contains 3274 protein coding sequences (CDS). DNA–DNA similarity and ANI values between S5–52T and the reference strains were below 70% and 95–96%, respectively. Analysis of genomic reduction events in the evolutionary path from the LUCA (last universal common ancestor) to G. mishrai LMG 29155T and G. halophytocola DSM 101718T exhibit a number of genes involved in amino acid metabolism, cell wall biogenesis and replication, recombination and repair mechanism that reduced in both the species. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic properties and comparative genomic studies, the strain S5–52T is considered a novel species of the genus Glutamicibacter, for which the name Glutamicibacter mishrai sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S5–52T (= KCTC 39846T = LMG 29155T). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]