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Metaphenoxy Benzyl Chloride (3-PBC; CAS # 53874-66-1) is a commonly used intermediate in organic synthesis and is a widely used chemical building block. There is likelihood of human contact with 3-PBC in the process of organic or pesticide synthesis and even through as impurity in the product. Further, this chemical has been reported to be found in water reservoirs causing a threat to aqueous flaura and fauna. Genotoxic alert has been suspected for the chemical 3-PBC based on its structure hence, the impetus of present work was to assess the mutagenic potential of 3-PBC using Ames bacterial reverse-mutation assay and in vitro micronucleus assay. 3-PBC was tested for mutagenic potential at six different concentrations, with 0.05 (without metabolic activation) and 0.50 (with metabolic activation) µL/plate as the highest concentrations, followed by five lower concentrations with 2-fold spacing. In clastogenic evaluation, 3-PBC was tested at concentrations ranged from 0.31 to 4.88 µL/mL to assess micronucleus induction in mammalian cells viz. Chinese Hamster Ovarian-K1 cells (CHO-K1 cells). In the Ames assay, 3-PBC did not show mutagenicity in all five tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium viz. TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 both in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system and found to be nonclastogenic when evaluated in 'CHO-K1 cells'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimutagenic potential ofCuminum cyminumseed oil was evaluated using modified bacterial reverse mutation assay.Salmonella typhimuriumstrains were used for antimutagenic evaluation with pre-, co-, and post-treatment methods with prior cytotoxicity and mutagenicity evaluation.C. cyminumoil produced cytotoxicity inS. typhimuriumstrains at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 2.50 and 0.31 to 2.50 μL/plate in the absence and presence of metabolic activation, respectively.C. cyminumwas non-mutagenic and exhibited a different range of antimutagenic potential in all theS. typhimuriumstrains at non-cytotoxic concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Tacrine was evaluated for its mutagenic and clastogenic activities using the Ames bacterial reverse-mutation assay and the rodent bone marrow micronucleus assay. Tacrine was tested for mutagenic potential at six different concentrations, with 1,250 µg/plate as the highest concentration, followed by five lower concentrations with 2-fold spacing. In clastogenic evaluation, tacrine was administered orally to Wistar rats for 2 days at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weights to assess micronucleus induction in bone marrow erythrocytes. In the Ames assay, tacrine showed nonmutagenicity in four tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium viz. TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535, but it was found to be mutagenic in the TA1537 tester strain, both in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system. Tacrine was found to be nonclastogenic on bone marrow cells of rats at all doses tested and was found to be mutagenic in only the TA1537 strain of Salmonella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]