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Introduction: Nowadays, the number of patients receiving a second graft is growing, and the management of failed grafts is still controversial., Objective: Our objective was to analyze the influence of graft nephrectomy on graft and patient survival., Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the demographic features and graft outcomes of 63 recipients who received second allografts between August 1985 and April 2013. They were divided into two groups: group A, those who underwent nephrectomy of failed graft (n = 21, 33.3%), and group B, those whose failed graft was retained (n = 42, 66.6%). χ 2 and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare demographic characteristics and graft features in both groups. Kaplan-Meier test was used to analyze graft and patient survival. Finally, univariate and multivariate analysis was done using Cox regression., Results: Demographic characteristics of donor and receptors were similar in both groups. Overall panel-reactive antibody (P = .040) showed statistically significant differences between groups (72.0 ± 25.3 in group A and 54.8 ± 30.0 in group B). Hemodialysis duration was longer in group A (P = .023, 112.2 ± 72.8 vs 70.9 ± 66.9 months). The percentage of patients who had delayed graft function was higher in group A (58.8% vs 27.3%, P = .029). Kaplan-Meier test found no differences between groups (P = .344); group A, 107.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 74.0 to 140.8) and group B, 82.7 months (95% CI 62.5 to 102.8). We found no differences in terms of patient survival (P = .798) with the Kaplan-Meier test. In group A, patient survival was 164.5 months (CI 137.7 to 191.31) and in group B, 152.0 months (95% CI 125.5 to 178.5)., Conclusions: Failed graft nephrectomy did not show a negative impact on graft and patient survival., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)