5 results on '"Enríquez-de-Salamanca, Álvaro"'
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2. Atlas de la flora alóctona de Madrid, III. Papaveraceae-Urticaceae.
- Author
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Enríquez de Salamanca, Álvaro, Cabezas, Francisco, Lafuente, Irene, López Manso, Paula, Martínez Ronda, Miriam, and Martorell, Alejandra
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INTRODUCED plants , *FIG , *BLACK locust , *OPIUM poppy , *VITIS vinifera - Abstract
In this third part of the atlas of alien plants of Madrid, the orders Ranunculales, Proteales, Buxales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Fabales and Rosales have been included. Taxa introduced outside urban areas, naturalised or not, and those naturalised in urban areas are considered. Ninety taxa with certain or probable presence are analysed, and 22 others of doubtful presence or status are discussed. Of the taxa analysed, 82 are alien in Madrid (48 naturalised and 34 without evidence of being so, although 7 of them naturalised in nearby localities) and 8 in nearby localities (7 naturalised and 1 without evidence of being so). Half of the species are rare, and another 20% are scarce. Three species are abundant, with expanding populations, Gleditsia triacanthos, Robinia pseudoacacia and Ulmus pumila, the latter with invasive behaviour. Four cultivated archaeophytes, Vitis vinifera, Medicago sativa, Prunus amygdalus and Ficus carica, are widely naturalized, although without experiensing an expansive tendency. Four other species seem to be in expansion, although they are not currently abundant: Papaver somniferum subsp. somniferum, Berberis aquifolium, Spartium junceum and Prunus cerasifera var. atropurpurea. Finally, 16 species appear scattered throughout the region, occasionally naturalized, but with no apparent expansive trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Atlas de la flora alóctona de Madrid, II. Nymphaceae-Gramineae
- Author
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Enríquez de Salamanca, Álvaro, Gabriel y Galán, José María, Cabezas, Francisco, and Martínez Ronda, Miriam
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naturalized plants ,Magnoliidae ,Madrid ,Spain ,Alien plants ,España ,Monocots ,Monocotiledóneas ,plantas naturalizadas ,Plantas alóctonas ,Nymphaceae - Abstract
In this second part of the atlas of allochthonous flora of Madrid, the Orders Nymphaeales, Magnoliales, Laurales and as well as Monocots plant are included. It has been considered the taxa introduced out of urban areas, parks or gardens, naturalized or not. A total of 101 taxa are analyzed and references to other 39 are included. Of the analyzed taxa, 58 are allochthonous in Madrid (49 naturalized, 8 without evidence of being so and one without specific known localities) and 9 in nearby localities (8 naturalized and 1 without evidence of being so). Another 11 are allochthonous in Madrid and could be naturalized, but there is no evidence of this; 5 appear in gardens and 6 are suspected of their possible presence due to their use in crops or extensive sowing. In 18 taxa there are discrepancies between authors on whether or not they are allochthonous; in this work it has been considered that they are not. Finally, it is proposed to exclude 5 taxa from the allochthonous flora of Madrid. Among the taxa included, Arundo donax is one of the most aggressive invasive plant in the world, Arundo donax. Some taxa are ancient introductions with stabilized or declining populations. There are very few references to naturalized cereals, which may be due to their low persistence. Some species are neocolonizers, like Limnobium laevigatum, the most recently detected, or Cortaderia selloana, in expansion. En esta segunda parte del atlas de flora alóctona de Madrid, se incluyen los órdenes Nymphaeales, Magnoliales, Laurales y las Monocotiledóneas. Se han considerado los taxones introducidos fuera de terrenos urbanos, parques o jardines, naturalizados o no. Se analizan 101 taxones y se incluyen referencias a otros 39. De los taxones analizados 58 son alóctonos en Madrid (49 naturalizados, 8 sin constancia de que lo estén y uno sin localidades concretas conocidas) y 9 en localidades próximas (8 naturalizados y 1 sin constancia de estarlo). Otros 11 son alóctonos en Madrid y podrían naturalizarse, pero no hay constancia de ello; 5 aparecen en jardines y en 6 hay sospechas de su posible presencia por usarse en cultivos o siembras extensivas. En 18 taxones hay discrepancias entre autores sobre si son o no alóctonas; en este trabajo se ha considerado que no lo son. Finalmente se propone excluir 5 taxones de la flora alóctona de Madrid. Entre los taxones incluidos Arundo donax está considerada una de las más agresivas invasoras del mundo. Algunos taxones son antiguas introducciones con poblaciones estabilizadas o en regresión. Hay muy pocas referencias a cereales naturalizados, lo que puede deberse a su baja persistencia. Algunas especies son neocolonizadoras, como Limnobium laevigatum, la más recientemente detectada, o Cortaderia selloana, en expansión.
- Published
- 2021
4. Atlas de la flora alóctona de Madrid, I. Monilophyta-Gymnospermae
- Author
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Enríquez de Salamanca, Álvaro and Gabriel y Galán Moris, José María
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helechos ,naturalized plants ,gymnosperms ,Madrid ,Spain ,ferns ,Alien plants ,España ,plantas naturalizadas ,gimnospermas ,Plantas alóctonas - Abstract
This paper includes the first part of the atlas of alien plant of the Community of Madrid, which includes the taxa of ferns and gymnosperms. Only taxa that grow outside urban areas, parks and gardens, both introduced and naturalized, have been considered. In total, 48 taxa, 2 of ferns and 46 of gymnosperms (32 Pinaceae and 14 Cupressaceae) have been analyzed. Of these, 33 taxa (1 Salviniaceae, 21 Pinaceae, 11 Cupressaceae) have been considered, including distribution maps, while in another 15 their presence nowadays is doubtful, or are only located in urban areas. The species of Pinaceae dominate as a result of forest plantations. Many of the considered species have the capacity to naturalize (there is evidence in 19 of them), although their expansion is limited, not being invasive; only Azolla filiculoides Lam. has an invasive behaviour, although its distribution in Madrid seems stable. En este artículo se incluye la primera parte del atlas de flora alóctona de la Comunidad de Madrid, que incluye los taxones de helechos y gimnospermas. Únicamente se han considerado taxones que crecen fuera de zonas urbanas, parques y jardines, tanto introducidos como naturalizados. En total se han analizado 49 taxones, 2 de helechos y 47 de gimnospermas (33 Pinaceae y 14 Cupressaceae). De ellos, se han considerado 34 taxones (1 Salviniaceae, 22 Pinaceae, 11 Cupressaceae) incluyendo mapas de distribución, mientras que en otros 15 su presencia es dudosa en la actualidad o están únicamente localizadas en zonas urbanas. Dominan las especies de Pinaceae como resultado de las plantaciones forestales realizadas. Buena parte de las especies consideradas tienen capacidad para naturalizarse (se tiene constancia en 19 de ellas), pero por lo general su capacidad de expansión es limitada, no siendo invasoras; únicamente Azolla filiculoides Lam. tiene un comportamiento invasor, aunque su distribución en Madrid parece estable.
- Published
- 2020
5. Human influence on the flora of the Spanish Central Range.
- Author
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Enríquez-de-Salamanca, Álvaro
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BOTANY , *HUMAN behavior , *INTRODUCED plants , *CLIMATE change , *ROADSIDE improvement - Abstract
Mediterranean ecosystems have a high diversity of plants, especially in mountain areas; this diversity is especially high in the eastern sector of the Spanish Central Range, where Mediterranean and Eurosiberian species contact. Parts of these plants have been favoured by human activities throughout the last millennia, in an intentional or unintentional way. We have studied the composition of the flora of a valley in the Spanish Central Range to determine the human influence. Although it is a mountainous area, where the presence of synanthropic species should be lower than in territories with a strong human impact, we have identified a minimum of 20.7% of the plants favoured by human action, including alien (6.2%) and strict ruderals (14.5%), which may increase to 39.2% including plants growing both in ruderal and non-ruderal habitats. The entrance of ruderal and alien plants continues currently, especially through roadsides, and probably increases in the future, due to growing tourism and to climate change, which may influence the patterns of colonization and invasion of ruderal and alien plants, and the response of the native flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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