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DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation is a major problem in array signal processing applications. Recently, compressive sensing algorithms, including convex relaxation algorithms and greedy algorithms, have been recognized as a kind of novel DOA estimation algorithm. However, the success of these algorithms is limited by the RIP (Restricted Isometry Property) condition or the mutual coherence of measurement matrix. In the DOA estimation problem, the columns of measurement matrix are steering vectors corresponding to different DOAs. Thus, it violates the mutual coherence condition. The situation gets worse when there are two sources from two adjacent DOAs. In this paper, an algorithm based on OMP (Orthogonal Matching Pursuit), called ILS-OMP (Iterative Local Searching-Orthogonal Matching Pursuit), is proposed to improve DOA resolution by Iterative Local Searching. Firstly, the conventional OMP algorithm is used to obtain initial estimated DOAs. Then, in each iteration, a local searching process for every estimated DOA is utilized to find a new DOA in a given DOA set to further decrease the residual. Additionally, the estimated DOAs are updated by substituting the initial DOA with the new one. The simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm.

Currently, the nonadaptive delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformer is extensively used for ultrasound imaging, despite the fact that it has lower resolution and worse interference suppression capability than the adaptive standard Capon beamformer (SCB) if the steering vector corresponding to the signal of interest (SOI) is accurately known. The main problem which restricts the use of SCB, however, is that SCB lacks robustness against steering vector errors that are inevitable in practice. Whenever this happens, the performance of SCB may hecome worse than that of DAS. Therefore, a robust adaptive beamformer is desirable to maintain the robustness of DAS and adaptivity of SCB. In this paper we consider a recent promising robust Capon beamformer (RCB) for ultrasound imaging. We propose two ways of implementing RCB, one based on time delay and the other based on time reversal. RCB extends SCB by allowing the array steering vector to be within an uncertainty set. Hence, it restores the appeal of SCB including its high resolution and superb interference suppression capabilities, and also retains the attractiveness of DAS including its robustness against steering vector errors. The time-delay-based RCB can tolerate the misalignment of data samples and the time-reversal-based RCB can withstand the uncertainty of the Green's function. Both time-delay-based RCB and time-reversal-based RCB can be efficiently computed at a comparable cost to SCB. The excellent performances of the proposed robust adaptive beamforming approaches are demonstrated via a number of simulated and experimental examples.

Abstract: In this paper, a new feature extraction algorithm named 2D-DLPP (Two-dimensional Discriminant Locality Preserving Projections) is used for SAR ATR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Automatic Target Recognition). First, SAR target images are preprocessed by log-transformation and 2D FFT, then 2D-DLPP is applied to extract target feature which can not only preserve local information by capturing the local geometry of manifold but also implement sample dimension reduction effectively. Finally, classification with SVM (Support Vector Machine) is performed to get the good recognition rate. Experimental results based on MSTAR (Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition) SAR data demonstrate that 2D-DLPP can obtain more effective target feature and improve the recognition rate obviously compared with 2D-LDA (Two-dimensional Linear Discriminant Analysis). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Presents information on a study which discussed an algorithm for high resolution time delay estimation in Gaussian noise. Application of time-delay estimation; Results; Conclusions.

Presents information on a study which discussed the semiparametric algorithm for target feature extraction and complex image formation via synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Application of SAR; Results; Conclusions.

Presents information on a study that examined how the method of direction estimation (MODE) can be used with weighted Fourier transform and RELAXation based (WRELAX) algorithm for super resolution time delay estimation. Presentation of data model and problem formulation; Efficient implementation of the algorithm; Numerical examples of the study.

Proposes a Fourier-transform-based algorithm referred to as WRELAX for the time delay estimation problem. Common time-delay estimation problems; Formulation of the problem; Description of the algorithm; Numerical and experimental examples to demonstrate the algorithm's performance; Conclusions of the study.