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This study investigates the fabrication, characterization and optimization of Linum usitatissimum mucilage (LSM) with sodium alginate mucoadhesive microspheres loaded metformin HCl, a sustained release dosage form prepared by ionic gelation technique. The effect of changing the polymer ratio with drug was studied for drug encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release for 12 h. Drug entrapment efficiency of all formulations was in the range of 77.93 ± 3.67 to 92.25 ± 4.08% with sustained release of 80 ± 0.12% to 88 ± 0.33% for 12 h. It followed Korsmeyers Peppas model (R2 = 0.9786–0.9964) with super case II transport mechanism. Average microsphere size of all formulations was within the range of 817–911 μm. SEM, FTIR were also characterized and swelling behavior of microspheres was affected by pH of buffer medium. These microspheres also showed good mucoadhesivity in wash off test. The optimized LSM-alginate mucoadhesive microspheres containing metformin HCl demonstrated significant hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic rats for prolonged period of time.

Taro corms mucilage (TCM)-alginate microspheres had been prepared using TCM and alginate as blend and coated form in various ratios through inotropic gelation approach. The prepared microspheres have been of sphere-formed having coarse surface with average particle size within the range 498 μm ± 0.17 to 715 μm ± 0.34. The drug entrapment efficiency was 74.33 ± 0.04% to 89.63 ± 0.01% and swelling of microspheres followed the pattern (blended >coated >plain). FTIR research showed that there had been no interactions among pregabalin and polymers used; these microspheres were further characterized by DSC and XRD. The in vitro drug release followed sustained release (Korsmeyer-Peppas model) pattern (R2 = 0.9552–0.9906) and value of n > 1 showed that drug released by means of anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion. The in vivo research established that there were highly significant difference with p

Oxcarbazepine-loaded alginate/okra pods mucilage microspheres were prepared through inotropic gelation technique for the sustained release of oxcarbazepine. The drug encapsulating efficiency of these microspheres was found 76.22 ± 0.01% to 90.57 ± 0.02% and their average particle sizes were 496 μm ± 0.41 to 692 μm ± 0.22. These microspheres were characterized in terms of swelling capacity, FTIR, DSC and SEM analysis. The in vitro drug release from these microspheres was followed sustained release (Korsemeyer - Peppas model) pattern (R2 = 0.9552–0.9906) and value of n > 1 showed that drug released by anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion. The in vivo studies showed that there were highly significant difference with p

Poor availability is the major barrier to accept the new smart gel system as a preferred ophthalmic solution for various eye problems. Smart gel system especially derived from natural source allows the rapid transition of ocular solution into gel form upon contact to tear solution. The present experimental scheme was intended to prepare and characterize a pH triggered in situ gelling system using moxifloxacin HCl (MOX-HCl). Gum was extracted from Terminalia arjuna bark resin and used as gelling agent in blend with sodium alginate. Sterilized formulations were developed and characterized for their physicochemical attributes. These were further investigated for microbiological testing and eye irritation studies. Drug loaded in situ gel was appeared as clear sol that converted into gel phase in presence of tear solution. Optimized formulation was stable, therapeutically efficacious, non-irritant and has a sustained release of the drug for twelve hours period. Instillation of MOX-HCl loaded in situ gel did not cause any type of irritation symptoms like redness, inflammation and excessive tear production in rabbits as compared to control. MOX-HCl loaded in situ gel can be appraised as a substitute for conventional eye drops for extended precorneal retention, improved corneal permeability along with better ocular bioavailability.

The present investigation was undertaken with an objective of formulating sustained release microspheres of oxcarbazepine (OXC), an anti-epileptic drug, to overcome poor patient compliance and exposure to high doses associated with currently marketed OXC dosage forms. Ionic gelation technique was used to prepare OXC microspheres by using sodium alginate along with rate controlling polymer Colocasia esculenta mucilage (CEM) matrix as well coated form. The microspheres have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for understanding thermal stability and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to investigate the chemical interaction as well as to assess the structure of drug-loaded formulation. Surface morphology of the microspheres was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The size distribution of OXC microspheres as studied by optical microscopy was in the range of 394-575 pm. The microspheres exhibited encapsulating efficiency from 75 to 92%. The release of drug from the microspheres at pH 1.2 is negligible. Under neutral conditions, the microspheres were swell and release was attributed mainly to polymer relaxation. The release pattern from microspheres followed Korsmeyer-Peppas model and the value of n1 showed that drug released by anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion. The data obtained thus suggest that a microparticulate system can be successfully designed by using CEM with alginate for sustained delivery of OXC.