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This paper provides a new approach to evaluating the influence on passenger F&B consumption and expenditure of terminals that approximate to the concept of an airport shopping mall. Using a broad database of 37,226 passengers interviewed at eight different Spanish airports, including two Spanish hub airports, Madrid-Barajas and Barcelona, with a methodology framed within statistical causal inference with Kernel and Radial matching, the results robustly demonstrate that passengers alter their consumption behavior in hub airport malls compared to how they behave at regional airports with a smaller commercial and F&B offer. Specifically, there is an increase of between 3.7 and 4.1% in the likelihood that hub passengers will make a consumption and between 1.2 and 1.3% in the likelihood that they will make a purchase, while mean per-passenger spending increases by 3.53€. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses a large database of approximately 37,000 passengers and three different estimates to analyse the characteristics of the frequent flyer and the differences between frequent flyers and occasional flyers. The results show that frequent flyers are middle-aged men with a high level of education who take domestic flights for business reasons at both hub and regional airports, where they make a purchase and/or consume F&B. Frequent flyers fly on both low-cost and traditional airlines, are more likely to stay overnight at a relative's or friend's home and travel to the airport by private or rented car. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Airport systems organized spatially as hub-and-spoke systems where traditional airlines (Full-Service Network Carriers – FSNCs) dominate have been impacted by the continuing expansion of Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs) in mainly point-to-point connection systems. Using a methodology based on linear transfer function models, the objective of this paper is to reflect on the future of hubs and on whether their role as large geographical air transport nodes is in doubt. Although Spanish hubs have continued to strengthen their position of dominance, the consequences of this enforced coexistence has manifested itself in a substitution effect, with LCCs replacing FSNCs at the hubs for international, primarily intra-European, flights. The market for national flights, however, has not experienced any significant changes as this new development of LCCs in this market is fundamentally based on new demand from both new passengers and the greater travel frequency of current passengers. There is also room for complementarity between the two models, as national connections with LCC hubs feed long-distance destinations exploited solely by the FSNCs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper analyzes the vision that the urban tourism fabric in the hinterland of five Spanish regional airports has of the low cost carrier (LCC) phenomenon and the impact that LCCs have on the various niche tourism markets. Data are used from a survey of almost 500 tourist establishment managers. One of the conclusions that should be highlighted is that most of the tourism sector considers LCCs to be perfect substitutes for network carriers and even improvements on these in many cases. The exceptions are travel agencies, especially with regard to the role LCCs play in promoting conference tourism. The factors that determine how the role of LCCs is rated are also examined using generalized ordered logit estimations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper analyses the effects that the largest aviation accident in Spain in the last 25 years affected decisions by potential passengers. There evidence is of a long-lasting “Rainman effect”, with passengers penalising the airline involved with a 20% long-term reduction in traffic. There were also substitution effects towards other means of transport at Madrid-Barajas, where the accident happened, although these were limited in time. There have been no significant effects on other companies or on the total traffic at the aeroplane''s destination airport, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands), where there are no comparable substitutes for air transport. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]