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2 results on '"Balzan M"'

1. Relationship between domestic smoking and metals and rare earth elements concentration in indoor PM 2.5 .

Author

Drago G, Perrino C, Canepari S, Ruggieri S, L'Abbate L, Longo V, Colombo P, Frasca D, Balzan M, Cuttitta G, Scaccianoce G, Piva G, Bucchieri S, Melis M, Viegi G, Cibella F, Balzan M, Bilocca D, Borg C, Montefort S, Zammit C, Bucchieri S, Cibella F, Colombo P, Cuttitta G, Drago G, Ferrante G, L'Abbate L, Grutta S, Longo V, Melis MR, Ruggieri S, Viegi G, Minardi R, Piva G, Ristagno R, Rizzo G, and Scaccianoce G

Subjects
Adolescent, Air Pollution, Indoor statistics & numerical data, Child, Humans, Italy, Metals chemistry, Air Pollutants chemistry, Housing statistics & numerical data, Metals, Rare Earth chemistry, Particulate Matter chemistry, Smoking
Abstract

Cigarette smoke is the main source of indoor chemical and toxic elements. Cadmium (Cd), Thallium (Tl), Lead (Pb) and Antimony (Sb) are important contributors to smoke-related health risks. Data on the association between Rare Earth Elements (REE) Cerium (Ce) and Lanthanum (La) and domestic smoking are scanty. To evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoke, indoor levels of PM 2.5 and heavy metals, 73 children were investigated by parental questionnaire and skin prick tests. The houses of residence of 41 "cases" and 32 "controls" (children with and without respiratory symptoms, respectively) were evaluated by 48-h PM 2.5 indoor/outdoor monitoring. PM 2.5 mass concentration was determined by gravimetry; the extracted and mineralized fractions of elements (As, Cd, Ce, La, Mn, Pb, Sb, Sr, Tl) were evaluated by ICP-MS. PM 2.5 and Ce, La, Cd, and Tl indoor concentrations were higher in smoker dwellings. When corrected for confounding factors, PM 2.5 , Ce, La, Cd, and Tl were associated with more likely presence of respiratory symptoms in adolescents. We found that: i) indoor smoking is associated with increased levels of PM 2.5 , Ce, La, Cd, and Tl and ii) the latter with increased presence of respiratory symptoms in children., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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2. Indoor air quality in schools of a highly polluted south Mediterranean area

Author

Ruggieri, Silvia, Longo, Valeria, Perrino, Cinzia, Canepari, Silvia, Drago, Gaspare, L'Abbate, Luca, Balzan, Martin, Cuttitta, Giuseppina, Scaccianoce, Gianluca, Minardi, Remo, Viegi, Giovanni, Cibella, Fabio, Bilocca, David, Borg, Charles, Montefort, Stephen R., Zammit, Christopher, Bucchieri, Salvatore, Colombo, Paolo, Ferrante, Giuliana, La Grutta, Stefania, Melis, Mario Raphael, Piva, Giuseppe, Ristagno, Rosaria, Rizzo, Gianfranco, RESPIRA Project Group, Ruggieri S., Longo V., Perrino C., Canepari S., Drago G., L'Abbate L., Balzan M., Cuttitta G., Scaccianoce G., Minardi R., Viegi G., Cibella F., Bilocca D., Borg C., Montefort S., Zammit C., Bucchieri S., Colombo P., Ferrante G., La Grutta S., Melis M.R., Piva G., Ristagno R., and Rizzo G.

Subjects
Der p 1, Rural Population, endotoxin, Environmental Engineering, PM, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Threshold limit value, air pollution, Nitrogen Dioxide, Air pollution, PM2.5, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, indoor comfort parameters, Indoor air quality, indoor comfort parameter, Metals, Heavy, medicine, Humans, Mass concentration (chemistry), Relative humidity, Particle Size, heavy metals, Sicily, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pollutant, Air Pollutants, Carbon Monoxide, Elemental composition, Settore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica Ambientale, Schools, Mediterranean Region, Temperature, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Dust, Humidity, Building and Construction, heavy metal, Ventilation, 2.5, Air Pollution, Indoor, Environmental chemistry, Environmental science, Mediterranean area, Particulate Matter, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

This study aimed at surveying lower secondary schools in southern Italy, in a highly polluted area. A community close to an industrial area and three villages in rural areas was investigated. Indoor temperature, relative humidity (RH), gaseous pollutants (CO 2 and NO 2 ), selected biological pollutants in indoor dust, and the indoor/outdoor mass concentration and elemental composition of PM 2.5 were ascertained. Temperature and RH were within, or close to, the comfort range, while CO 2 frequently exceeded the threshold of 1000ppm, indicating inadequate air exchange rate. In all the classrooms, median NO 2 levels were above the WHO threshold value. Dermatophagoides p. allergen concentration was below the sensitizing threshold, while high endotoxin levels were detected in the classrooms, suggesting schools may produce significant risks of endotoxin exposure. Concentration and solubility of PM 2.5 elements were used to identify the sources of indoor particles. Indoor concentration of most elements was higher than outdoors. Resuspension was responsible for the indoor increase in soil components. For elements from industrial emission (Cd, Co, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl, V), the indoor concentration depended on penetration from the outside. For these elements, differences in rural vs industrial concentrations were found, suggesting industrial sources may influence indoor air quality nearby schools.

Published
2019
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