24 results on '"Ivoney Gontijo"'
Search Results
2. Reference standards for soils cultivated with Urochloa brizantha and its use in nutritional diagnosis
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Fábio Luiz Partelli, André Cayô Cavalcanti, Heder Braun, Julien Chiquieri, and Ivoney Gontijo
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biology ,Phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant Science ,Zinc ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Soil water ,Environmental science ,Soil fertility ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Reference standards ,Urochloa brizantha - Abstract
The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) is a tool to assess the nutritional state of plants. Due to the decrease of soil fertility in pasture areas and little information about fertilization recommendations, the nutritional reference norms for soil and sufficiency range can be useful tools to help future fertilization. Norms DRIS has been proved efficient as a method for nutritional diagnosis in several crops. However, there are a lack of information on the use of DRIS and sufficiency range for Latosols and Acrisols cultivated with Urochloa brizantha. Thus, the objective of the present study was to establish reference nutritional norms using sufficiency ranges and DRIS norms for Latosols and Acrisols cultivated with Urochloa brizantha and their use in nutritional diagnosis. Soils samples from 20 Urochloa brizantha pastures sites of the North of Espírito Santo State were used to establish the reference norms, and a further 85 soils samples were randomly collected for diagnosis analysis, in order to characterize nutritional condition of pastures. DRIS norms and sufficiency ranges were established for Latosols and Acrisols cultivated with U. brizantha pastures. The differences found between soil norms for other Brazilian regions allow us to infer that the norms should be used only in the conditions in which they were developed. Our results suggest that using DRIS norms and sufficiency ranges developed on the basis of soil analysis revealed deficiency of P, B, Cu, and Zn in more than 40% of the pastures cultivated with U. brizantha and 47% of the areas needed liming.
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- 2020
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3. Seasonal variation in leaf nutrient concentration of conilon coffee genotypes
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Gleison Oliosi, Ivoney Gontijo, Marcelo Antonio Tomaz, Cleidson Alves da Silva, Fábio Luiz Partelli, and Danielly Dubberstein
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0106 biological sciences ,Physiology ,Allogamy ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,Seasonality ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,01 natural sciences ,Horticulture ,Nutrient ,Genotype ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,medicine ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Genetic variability ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
An adequate nutritional management is essential to ensure high coffee yields. In view of the wide genetic variability among Coffea canephora genotypes, due to the allogamy of the species, the nutri...
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- 2020
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4. Variability and spatial correlation of soil micronutrients and organic matter with macadamia nut production
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Ivoney Gontijo, Alexandro Gomes Facco, Fábio Luiz Partelli, and Jaqueline Orlandi Paris
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Nut ,Environmental Engineering ,food.ingredient ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Agriculture (General) ,plant nutrition ,01 natural sciences ,Macadamia nut ,S1-972 ,food ,Nutrient ,Organic matter ,geostatistics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Macadamia integrifolia ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Oxisol ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Spatial variability ,spatial variability ,Soil fertility ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Soil fertility is the key to agricultural production. The spatial correlation and location of nutrients may significantly affect the yields. The objective of this work was to evaluate the variability and spatial correlation of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and organic matter (OM) with macadamia nut yield. The study was conducted in an Oxisol cultivated for 20 years with macadamia nut in São Mateus, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. A 100 point grid was used comprising an area of 144 × 140 m with a minimum distance between points of 5 m, in which a single composite soil sample was collected from 0-0.20 m layer for chemical analysis of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and OM. Nuts under the canopy’s projection were harvested from February to June, 2015. The data were evaluated by geostatistical analysis using semivariograms, and kriging was used to map spatial distributions of nutrients and nut yield. All evaluated attributes showed strong or moderate spatial dependence structure. The OM was correlated positively with micronutrients, but only Zn was positively correlated with nut yield. Crossed semivariograms adequately explained the maps of Zn and Mn; and Fe showed opposite tendency for macadamia nut yield.
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- 2019
5. Balanço nutricional e sua relação com a produtividade do cafeeiro: Inferências da análise geoespacial
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Fábio Luiz Partelli, Marcelo Barreto da Silva, Ivoney Gontijo, and Marcellus M. Caldas
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0106 biological sciences ,Environmental Engineering ,Agriculture (General) ,plant nutrition ,Geostatistics ,Biology ,Coffea canephora ,01 natural sciences ,S1-972 ,Nutrient ,Yield (wine) ,geoestatística ,geostatistics ,Hemileia vastatrix ,nutrição mineral de plantas ,Crop yield ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Spatial variability ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Plant nutrition ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Information obtained from studies of spatial variability and the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) may contribute to understanding better the relationship between mineral nutrient balance and factors that limit the crop yield. This study shows that nutritionally balanced plants may be associated with low productivity in Conilon coffee fields. The study was carried out on a highly productive Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) field, in São Mateus, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. A sample grid was established with 100 points, each point linked to one plant. Twenty pairs of leaves from each plant were collected from productive branches to create a sample for nutritional analysis. The rust incidence (Hemileia vastatrix), the presence of the coffee borer (Hypothenemus hampei), and the physical characteristics of the soil were evaluated in each sampled plant. DRIS and Nutrient Balance Index (NBI) were calculated, and from the yield data, they were characterized using descriptive statistics. Maps were created showing the spatial distribution of the NBI, yield, total sand, and incidence of rust and coffee borer. It was verified the low relationship between nutritional balance and yield in Conilon coffee, suggesting that non-nutritional factors also influenced plant production. In areas of the maps with high NBI, the plant’s nutritional balance was the main limiting factor of production, since most plants in this area produced less than the average productivity of the plants sampled. The use of a geostatistics tool combined with the NBI resulted in better understanding of the relationship between nutritional and non-nutritional variables on the Conilon coffee yield. RESUMO Informações obtidas a partir de estudos de variabilidade espacial e do Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) poderão contribuir para o melhor entendimento da relação entre o balanço de nutrientes e os fatores que limitam a produtividade das culturas. Este estudo mostra que plantas equilibradas nutricionalmente podem estar associadas à baixa produtividade em café Conilon (Coffea canephora). O estudo foi realizado em uma lavoura altamente produtiva de café Conilon em São Mateus, ES. Foi estabelecida uma grade amostral com 100 pontos, cada ponto relacionado a uma planta. Vinte pares de folhas de cada planta foram coletados de ramos produtivos compondo uma amostra para análise nutricional. A incidência da ferrugem (Hemileia vastatrix), a presença da broca do café (Hypothenemus hampei), e características físicas do solo também foram coletadas para cada planta amostrada. O DRIS e o Índice de Equilíbrio dos Nutrientes (IEN) foram calculados e, com os dados de produtividade, foram caracterizados utilizando estatística descritiva. Foram criados mapas com a distribuição espacial do IEN, produtividade, areia total e incidência de ferrugem e da broca do cafeeiro. Verificou-se baixa relação entre equilíbrio nutricional e produção no café Conilon, sugerindo que fatores não nutricionais também influenciaram na produtividade das plantas. Nas áreas dos mapas com alto IEN, o balanço nutricional da planta foi o principal fator limitante da produção, pois a maioria das plantas nessa área produziu menos que a produtividade média das plantas amostradas. O uso de uma ferramenta geoestatística combinada com o IEN resultou em melhor compreensão da relação entre variáveis nutricionais e não nutricionais sobre a produtividade de café Conilon.
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- 2020
6. Spatial distribution of the root system of Conilon and Arabica coffee plants
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André Cayô Cavalcanti, Camilo Menegardo, Heder Braun, Ivoney Gontijo, André Monzoli Covre, and Fábio Luiz Partelli
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biology ,Coffea arabica ,Agriculture (General) ,semiovariogram ,Sowing ,semivariograma ,Root system ,soil profile ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,Spatial distribution ,S1-972 ,Horticulture ,perfil do solo ,Soil horizon ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Spatial variability ,Cultivar ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) and Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) plants in the soil profile, using semivariograms. The evaluations were carried out in an area located in the municipality of Jaguaré, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The Verdebrás G30/G35 Conilon coffee and the Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 Arabica coffee cultivars were assessed. Soil monoliths with coffee plant roots were collected at three distances from the trunk in the planting row and at six distances from the trunk between rows, at six depths. The roots were collected and washed and then digitized and processed in the Safira software. The spatial variability of the evaluated attributes was characterized by the geostatistical technique, through semivariograms, using the GS+ 7.0 software. Root surface area, length, and volume were quantified for the two coffee species. Conilon coffee plants have a tendency of showing a root system with a smaller surface area, shorter length, and lower volume by volume of soil, as well as a less discrepant distribution on soil surface and in deeper layers, compared with Arabica coffee. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o sistema radicular de plantas de café conilon (Coffea canephora) e café arábica (Coffea arabica) no perfil do solo, com uso de semivariogramas. As avaliações foram realizadas em área localizada no município de Jaguaré, no estado do Espírito Santo. Foram avaliadas as cultivares Verdebrás G30/G35 do café conilon e a Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 do café arábica. Monólitos de solo com raízes de café foram coletados em três distâncias do tronco do cafeeiro, no sentido da linha, e em seis distâncias do tronco, no sentido da entrelinha de plantio, em seis níveis de profundidade. As raízes foram coletadas e lavadas e, depois, digitalizadas e processadas no programa Safira. A variabilidade espacial dos atributos avaliados foi caracterizada pela técnica geoestatística, por meio de semivariogramas, com uso do programa GS+ 7.0. A área de superfície, o comprimento e o volume das raízes foram quantificados para as duas espécies de café. O café conilon tem tendência de apresentar sistema radicular com menor área superficial, comprimento e volume de raízes por volume de solo, bem como com distribuição menos discrepante na superfície do solo e em profundidade, em comparação ao café arábica.
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- 2020
7. Dinâmica de macronutrientes em folhas e cachos de pimenta-do-reino
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Henrique de Sá Paye, Marcelo Antonio Tomaz, Ivoney Gontijo, Gustavo Pereira Valani, Jéssica Rodrigues Dalazen, and Fábio Luiz Partelli
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cultivar Bragantina ,Piper ,Agriculture (General) ,fertilização ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Fruit maturation ,S1-972 ,Crop ,Horticulture ,Human fertilization ,Bunches ,REPRODUÇÃO VEGETAL ,Inflorescence ,Bragantina cultivar ,fertilization ,Pepper ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Dry matter ,ciclo reprodutivo ,Piper nigrum ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,reproductive cycle - Abstract
The objective of this work was to determine the macronutrient dynamics in leaves and bunches of black pepper (Piper nigrum) throughout the plant reproductive cycles. The experiment was carried out in a commercial field of 'Bragantina' black pepper. Leaves and bunches were sampled every 21 days for one year, during two crop cycles. The bunches were sampled from the twenty eighth day after the appearance of inflorescences until the complete fruit maturation. Samples of leaves and bunches were dried, and the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S were determined. N, K, and Ca were the most common macronutrients found in the bunches and leaves of black pepper. The accumulation of dry matter in the bunches was similar for both cycles and it was adjusted to the linear and quadratic models. The accumulation and content of macronutrients followed the dry matter behavior trend. Macronutrient contents in leaves oscillate during the year, and K and Mg vary more than N, P, Ca, and S. The macronutrient contents in black pepper leaves and bunches depends on the plant vegetative stage, and this variation should be considered in the planning of the fertilization management. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a dinâmica de macronutrientes em folhas e cachos de pimenta-do-reino (Piper nigrum), ao longo dos ciclos reprodutivos da planta. O experimento foi realizado em uma lavoura comercial de pimenta-do-reino 'Bragantina'. Folhas e cachos foram amostrados a cada 21 dias, por um ano, durante dois ciclos de cultivo. Os cachos foram amostrados desde o vigésimo oitavo dia após o lançamento das inflorescências até a maturação completa dos frutos. As amostras de folhas e cachos foram secas, e os conteúdos de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S foram determinados. N, K e Ca foram os macronutrientes mais comuns nos cachos e nas folhas de pimenta-do-reino. O acúmulo de matéria seca nos cachos de pimenta-do-reino foi similar nos dois ciclos e foi ajustado aos modelos linear e quadrático. O acúmulo e o conteúdo de macronutrientes seguiram a tendência de comportamento da matéria seca. O conteúdo de macronutrientes nas folhas oscila durante o ano, e K e Mg variam mais do que N, P, Ca e S. O conteúdo de macronutrientes em folhas e cachos de pimenta-do-reino depende do estádio vegetativo da planta, e essa variação deve ser considerada no planejamento do manejo de adubação.
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- 2020
8. Variability of Root System Size and Distribution among Coffea canephora Genotypes
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Raquel Schmidt, Larícia Olária Emerick Silva, Adesio Ferreira, Ivoney Gontijo, Rubens José Guimarães, José C. Ramalho, Fábio Luiz Partelli, and GeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias
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Semivariograms ,Biodiversity ,Root distribution ,Conilon coffee ,Robusta coffee ,root distribution ,semivariograms ,biodiversity ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
This research was funded by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo (FAPES, grant number 84320893), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecno-lógico, and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Finance Code 001). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This work aimed to evaluate the variability in the distribution of the root system among genotypes of C. canephora cv. Conilon and indicate management strategies for a more efficient mineral fertilization. Root distribution was evaluated in six genotypes. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replications. Soil monoliths measuring about 27 cm3 were collected at six different soil depths, at three row distances and nine distances of inter-row planting. The collections were carried out in one plant of each repetition. In total, 1296 samples were evaluated. The roots were washed, digitized and processed to quantify length density, volume, surface area and diameter. The distribution of the root system was characterized using semivariograms. It was observed that the highest concentration of roots occurred in the distances close to the irrigation drippers. There was variation in the distribution of the root system among the genotypes. However, in general, the root system is concentrated at a depth of 0 to 20 cm in the soil, at distances up to 50 cm in the planting row and up to 60 cm in inter-rows. Therefore, the greatest efficiency in nutritional management can be achieved by applying fertilizers within a radius of 50 cm around the plant. publishersversion published
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- 2022
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9. Micronutrients in the fruits and leaves of irrigated and non-irrigated coffee plants
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Fábio Luiz Partelli, André Monzoli Covre, Robson Bonomo, and Ivoney Gontijo
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0106 biological sciences ,Irrigation ,Physiology ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Ripening ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,Micronutrient ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Water deficit ,Horticulture ,Soil water ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Low fertility ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The growing requirement for micronutrients by increasingly more productive Robusta coffee genotypes and for the expansion of coffee plantations into low fertility soils has led to the need for better understanding of the micronutrient dynamics in Robusta coffee plants. The aim of the present study was to investigate micronutrient concentrations and their accumulation from flowering to fruit ripening, as well as micronutrient leaf concentrations throughout the year, in irrigated and non-irrigated Coffea canephora plants. Three-year-old Robusta coffee plants of genotype 02 were used. The fruit micronutrient accumulation curves for irrigated and non-irrigated Robusta coffee plants were best fitted by sigmoid functions. Irrigation resulted in higher micronutrient accumulation in fruits. Iron and boron were the micronutrients found in the highest amounts in fruits and leaves.
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- 2018
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10. Physical soil attributes of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) under organic and conventional management systems
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R. R. Valicheski, E. P. de B. Ferreira, Fábio Luiz Partelli, Henrique Duarte Vieira, Ivoney Gontijo, FÁBIO LUIZ PARTELLI, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO, ROMANO ROBERTO VALICHESKI, ESCOLA AGROTÉCNICA FEDERAL DO RIO DO SUL, HENRIQUE DUARTE VIEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE, IVONEY GONTIJO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO, and ENDERSON PETRONIO DE BRITO FERREIRA, CNPAF.
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0106 biological sciences ,Manejo organico ,Water retention curve ,Coffea ,Plant Science ,Coffea canephora ,01 natural sciences ,Conventional farming ,Hydraulic conductivity ,Produção orgânica ,Organic matter ,Porosity ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Sustainable agriculture ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Fertilidade do solo ,Manejo convencional ,Hydric soil ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Granulometry ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Café ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Organic production ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Coffea sp. is cultivated in large areas, using both conventional and organic management. However, information about the sustainability of these two management systems is still deficient. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physical properties of soil cultivated with Conilon coffee (C. canephora) under organic and conventional management. Two areas cultivated with Conilon coffee (under organic and conventional management) and a fragment of Atlantic forest, used as a reference, were selected for the experiment. Soil granulometry, hydraulic conductivity, water retention curve, resistance to penetration, porosity, optimal hydric interval, and other physical characteristics were measured at depths of 0 to 10 and 10 to 20 cm. The data was submitted to multivariate and descriptive statistical analyses. Higher similarity was observed between the soil cultivated with Conilon coffee under organic management and the Atlantic forest soil. Soil resistance to penetration at 10, 30, 100, 500 and 1500 kPa, macro porosity, density and total porosity were the main physical properties that differentiated both management systems studied. The non-use of agricultural machinery and the addition of organic matter may be the main reasons for higher soil sustainability observed under organic management when compared with the conventional system.
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- 2016
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11. Nutrient extraction by mombaga grass submitted to sources and doses of nitrogen
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Ivoney Gontijo, Renato Ribeiro Passos, Thiago Lopes Rosado, and Marcelo Suzart de Almeida
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0106 biological sciences ,Espirito santo ,Plant management ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Mineralogy ,01 natural sciences ,Calcium nitrate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,Animal science ,High doses ,nitrogen fertilisers ,Panicum maximum ,interaction between ions ,biology ,Extraction (chemistry) ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Nitrogen ,macronutrient absorption ,chemistry ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Panicum ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
EnglishThe extraction of nutrients from the soil by plants depends on soil fertility, plant management and plant production. The objec-tive of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of sources and doses of nitrogen on macronutrient extraction by Panicum maximum cv. Mombaga. The experiment was conducted from 1 October 2011 to 14 April 2012 in the Federal Institute of Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa Campus. The experimental design was a randomised block design with three repetitions in a 3 X 6 factorial scheme, with three nitrogen fertilisers (urea, ammonium sulphate and calcium nitrate) and six nitrogen doses (0, 120, 240, 360, 480 and 600 kg ha-1). The established nitrogen doses were divided equally and applied every 28 days after the mombaga grass was cut, resulting in a total of seven applications during the 196-day experimental period. It was observed than nutrient extraction depends on forage plant production and was highest with the higher doses of nitrogen because of the greater dry matter production. The application of high doses of nitrogen in the form of calcium nitrate caused a reduced absorption of magnesium. Nitrogen fertilisation in pastures should be accompanied by the management of other nutrients to avoid nutritional imbalances or the depletion of soil fertility. EnglishLa extraccion de nutrientes depende de la fertilidad del suelo, de como las plantas son tratadas y de su produccion. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar el efecto de la aplicacion de fuentes y dosis de nitrogeno sobre la extraccion de macronutrientes por el Panicum maximum cv. Mombaga. El experimento se llevo a cabo entre el 1 de octubre de 2011 y el 14 de abril de 2012, en el Instituto Federal do Espiritu Santo, Campus Santa Teresa. En la delineacion experimental se utilizaron bloques aleatorios, con tres repeticiones, en un esquema factorial 3 x 6: tres fertilizantes nitrogenados (urea, sulfato de amonio y nitrato de calcio) y seis dosis de nitrogeno (0, 120, 240, 360, 480 y 600 kg ha-1). Las dosis de nitrogeno establecidas se dividieron y se aplicaron de igual forma cada 28 dias, siempre despues del corte del capin mombaca, con un total de siete aplicaciones durante el periodo experimental de 196 dias. Se observo que la extraccion de nutrientes depende de la produccion del forraje, y es mayor para las dosis mas elevadas de nitrogeno, debido a la mayor produccion de materia seca. La aplicacion de elevadas dosis de nitrogeno, en la forma de nitrato de calcio, promovio la reduccion de la absorcion de magnesio. La fertilizacion nitrogenada en pastos debe estar acompanada por el manejo de los demas nutrientes, tratando de evitar el desequilibrio nutricional o el agotamiento de la fertilidad del suelo.
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- 2017
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12. Soil patterns and foliar standards for two cocoa clones in the States of Espírito Santo and Bahia, Brazil
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Fábio Luiz Partelli, Ivoney Gontijo, André Cayô Cavalcanti, Henrique Duarte Vieira, and Marcos Góes Oliveira
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clone (Java method) ,nutrição mineral ,mineral nutrition ,General Veterinary ,Espirito santo ,lcsh:S ,0402 animal and dairy science ,sufficiency range ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,lcsh:S1-972 ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Nutrient content ,faixa de suficiência ,lcsh:Agriculture ,Horticulture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Theobroma cacao L ,DRIS - Abstract
EnglishThe objective of this research was to establish soil patterns and foliar standards for clonal crops of cocoa CCN51 and PS1319 in the Atlantic regions within the northern Espirito Santo and southern Bahia States. Samples were collected from September to October 2015, in 45 high productive plots, being 23 plots of clone CCN51 and 22 of clone PS1319. Sufficiency ranges for soil and foliar standards were recommended for cocoa clones CCN51 and PS1319 planted in the Northern Espirito Santo and Southern Bahia states. Differences in the contents of foliar macronutrients K, Ca, Mg, S and micronutrients Fe and Mn, were verified between clones CCN51 and PS1319. Differences reported for standards from different geographical regions confirmed that these standards need to be regional and specific for different cocoa clones. portuguesO objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer padroes de solo e padroes foliares para culturas clonais de cacau CCN51 e PS1319 nas regioes do Atlântico no norte do Espirito Santo e no sul da Bahia. As amostras foram coletadas de setembro a outubro de 2015, em 45 parcelas de alta produtividade, sendo 23 parcelas do clone CCN51 e 22 do clone PS1319. As faixas de suficiencia para solo e padroes foliares foram sugeridas para os clones de cacau CCN51 e PS1319 plantados no norte do Espirito Santo e no sul da Bahia. Diferencas nos teores dos macronutrientes foliares K, Ca, Mg, S e micronutrientes Fe e Mn foram verificadas entre os clones CCN51 e PS1319. As diferencas relatadas para padroes de diferentes regioes geograficas permitem confirmar que esses padroes precisam ser regionais e especificos para diferentes clones de cacau
- Published
- 2019
13. Distribuição do sistema radicular de cafeeiro conilon irrigado e não irrigado
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André Monzoli Covre, Moises Zucoloto, Fábio Luiz Partelli, and Ivoney Gontijo
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Irrigation ,biology ,irrigação por gotejamento ,trickle irrigation ,Sowing ,Root surface area ,Coffea canéfora ,Drip irrigation ,Root system ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Horticulture ,Safira software ,Soil volume ,programa Safira ,Soil horizon ,deficit hídrico ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics ,water deficit - Abstract
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição do sistema radicular do cafeeiro conilon (Coffea canephora) irrigado e não irrigado. Utilizaram-se plantas de conilon da variedade clonal Emcapa 8111, genótipo 02, com cinco anos de idade. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em parcela subsubdividida, com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de: presença e ausência de irrigação (parcelas), 13 distâncias do tronco (dez no sentido da entrelinha e três no sentido da linha de plantio) e seis camadas de solo (0-60 cm) nas subparcelas. As raízes foram coletadas, lavadas, digitalizadas e processadas pelo programa Safira, para quantificar área superficial, comprimento, volume e diâmetro. As plantas de conilon não irrigadas apresentaram maiores área superficial, comprimento e volume de raízes por volume de solo, bem como distribuição de raízes menos discrepante na superfície do solo e em profundidade, em comparação às plantas irrigadas. O sistema de irrigação por gotejamento promove maior distribuição de raízes nas plantas irrigadas, na zona compreendida pelo bulbo úmido da irrigação. Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the distribution of the root system of irrigated and nonirrigated conilon coffee (Coffea canephora). Conilon plants of the clonal variety Emcapa 8111, genotype 02, with five years of age, were used. The design was completely randomized in split-split plots with five replicates. The treatments consisted of: presence and absence of irrigation (plots), 13 distances from the stem (ten in the direction between rows and three of the planting row) and six soil layers (0-60 cm) in the split-plots. Roots were collected, washed, scanned, and processed by the Safira software to quantify surface area, length, volume, and diameter. Nonirrigated conilon plants showed greater root surface area, length, and volume per soil volume, as well as less discrepant distribution of roots in the soil surface and in depth, in comparison to irrigated plants. The drip irrigation system promotes higher root distribution in irrigated plants, in the area covered by the wet-bulb irrigation.
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- 2015
14. Micronutrient Accumulation in Conilon Coffee Berries with Different Maturation Cycles
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Fábio Luiz Partelli, Wellington Braida Marré, Henrique Duarte Vieira, Jairo Rafael Machado Dias, Marcelo Curitiba Espindula, and Ivoney Gontijo
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biology ,Soil Science ,engineering.material ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,Micronutrient ,lcsh:S1-972 ,genótipos ,Crop ,Horticulture ,Nutrient ,Human fertilization ,fertilizer management ,Agronomy ,Anthesis ,genotypes ,Genotype ,engineering ,Fertilizer ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,manejo da adubação - Abstract
The number of days between anthesis and maturation of conilon coffee berries varies according to the genotype. Thus, it is believed that periods of greater nutrient demand for fruit formation also vary according to the genotype, directly influencing fertilizer management. The goal of this study was to establish accumulation curves for the micronutrients boron, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in conilon coffee trees with different maturation cycles. The experiment was conducted in Nova Venécia, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, during the reproductive cycle of the 2010/2011 crop year. Four coffee genotypes with different maturation cycles (early, intermediate, late, and super-late) were studied. A completely randomized experimental design was used with five replications. The treatments correspond to the accumulation of B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the berries every 28 days in the period from flowering to harvest. The early, intermediate, and late genotypes accumulated Fe, Cu, and Mn in a similar manner, with sigmoid curves, whereas the super-late genotype accumulated these nutrients exponentially. Zn was accumulated by all four genotypes following a sigmoid curve. The early, intermediate, and late genotypes accumulated B linearly, whereas the super-late genotype accumulated B following a sigmoid curve. The maturation cycle of the genotype must be taken into account to apply the correct rate of micronutrient fertilization in coffee plantations.
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- 2015
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15. Sampling Design of Soil Physical Properties in a Conilon Coffee Field
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Ivoney Gontijo, Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus Santos, Fábio Luiz Partelli, and Marcelo Barreto da Silva
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040101 forestry ,biology ,Espirito santo ,Agroforestry ,soil sampling ,Soil Science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Agricultural engineering ,Geostatistics ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Field (geography) ,Sampling design ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,geostatistics ,Spatial variability ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
Establishing the number of samples required to determine values of soil physical properties ultimately results in optimization of labor and allows better representation of such attributes. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of soil physical properties in a Conilon coffee field and propose a soil sampling method better attuned to conditions of the management system. The experiment was performed in a Conilon coffee field in Espírito Santo state, Brazil, under a 3.0 × 2.0 × 1.0 m (4,000 plants ha-1) double spacing design. An irregular grid, with dimensions of 107 × 95.7 m and 65 sampling points, was set up. Soil samples were collected from the 0.00-0.20 m depth from each sampling point. Data were analyzed under descriptive statistical and geostatistical methods. Using statistical parameters, the adequate number of samples for analyzing the attributes under study was established, which ranged from 1 to 11 sampling points. With the exception of particle density, all soil physical properties showed a spatial dependence structure best fitted to the spherical model. Establishment of the number of samples and spatial variability for the physical properties of soils may be useful in developing sampling strategies that minimize costs for farmers within a tolerable and predictable level of error.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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16. Fontes e doses de nitrogênio e alterações nos atributos químicos de um latossolo cultivado com capim-mombaça
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Marcelo Suzart de Almeida, Thiago Lopes Rosado, Ivoney Gontijo, and Felipe Vaz Andrade
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nitrogen fertilizers ,lixiviação de bases ,acidez do solo ,Soil Science ,soil acidity ,leaching of bases ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Panicum maximum ,fertilizantes nitrogenados - Abstract
O fornecimento de N tem sido importante meio para aumento da produtividade das gramíneas forrageiras tropicais no Brasil, pois, na maioria das áreas cultivadas, os teores desse nutriente no solo não atendem satisfatoriamente a necessidade das culturas. Avaliou-se o efeito da aplicação de diferentes fontes e doses de N sobre os atributos químicos de um Latossolo Amarelo e a produção do Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça. O experimento foi desenvolvido no Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, campus Santa Teresa. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, em esquema fatorial 3 × 6, sendo três fertilizantes nitrogenados (ureia, sulfato de amônio e nitrato de cálcio) e seis doses de N (0, 120, 240, 360, 480 e 600 kg ha-1), totalizando 54 unidades experimentais. As doses de N foram aplicadas a cada 28 dias, sempre após o corte da forrageira, totalizando sete aplicações durante o período experimental de 196 dias. Após o término do experimento, foram coletadas, com o auxílio de um trado holandês, amostras de solo na profundidade de 0-20 e 20-40 cm, para avaliar o efeito da aplicação dos tratamentos sobre os atributos químicos do solo nas diferentes profundidades. Os resultados experimentais evidenciaram que o sulfato de amônio apresentou elevado potencial de acidificação do solo. As alterações provocadas no pH do solo resultaram em alterações nos teores de Al trocável, na acidez potencial e na disponibilidade de P no solo. A aplicação de elevadas doses de N na forma de sulfato de amônio e nitrato de cálcio promoveu a lixiviação de bases, especialmente do K para a profundidade de 20-40 cm. Nitrogen supplementation has been an important means for increasing yield in tropical gramineous forage plants in Brazil because, in most growing areas, the levels of this nutrient in the soil do not adequately meet crop needs. We assessed the effect of different sources and application rates of N on the chemical properties of an Oxisol (Latossolo Amarelo) and the production of Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça. The experiment was carried out at the Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (State of Espirito Santo, Brazil), Santa Teresa campus. A randomized block experimental design with three replications was used in a 3 × 6 factorial arrangement, with three N fertilizers (urea, ammonium sulfate, and calcium nitrate) and six N doses (0, 120, 240, 360, 480, and 600 kg ha-1), for a total of 54 experimental units. The N was applied every 28 days, always after cutting the forage, for a total of seven applications over the 196-day experimental period. At the end of the experiment, soil samples were collected at the depth of 0-20 and 20-40 cm with the aid of a Dutch auger to evaluate the effect of the application rate on the chemical properties of the soil at the different depths. The experimental results showed high potential for soil acidification from ammonium sulfate. The changes brought about in soil pH resulted in changes in exchangeable Al content, in potential acidity, and in P availability in the soil. The application of high rates of N in the form of ammonium sulfate and calcium nitrate led to leaching of bases, especially K at the depth of 20-40 cm.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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17. Spatial patterns of preconsolidation pressure and soil moisture along transects in two directions under coffee
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Moacir de Souza Dias Junior, Paulo Tácito Gontijo Guimarães, Marcelo Silva de Oliveira, Ivoney Gontijo, and Ayodele Ebenezer Ajayi
- Subjects
compactação do solo ,semivariogram ,Hydrology ,soil sampling ,Soil Science ,semivariograma ,Preconsolidation pressure ,Soil science ,Silt ,Soil type ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Soil quality ,soil compaction ,Tillage ,Soil compaction ,geoestatística ,geostatistics ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,amostragem do solo ,Transect ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Water content ,Geology - Abstract
Information on the spatial structure of soil physical and structural properties is needed to evaluate the soil quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial behavior of preconsolidation pressure and soil moisture in six transects, three selected along and three across coffee rows, at three different sites under different tillage management systems. The study was carried out on a farm, in Patrocinio, state of Minas Gerais, in the Southeast of Brazil (18 º 59 ' 15 '' S; 46 º 56 ' 47 '' W; 934 m asl). The soil type is a typic dystrophic Red Latosol (Acrustox) and consists of 780 g kg-1 clay; 110 g kg-1 silt and 110 g kg-1 sand, with an average slope of 3 %. Undisturbed soil cores were sampled at a depth of 0.10-0.13 m, at three different points within the coffee plantation: (a) from under the wheel track, where equipment used in farm operations passes; (b) in - between tracks and (c) under the coffee canopy. Six linear transects were established in the experimental area: three transects along and three across the coffee rows. This way, 161 samples were collected in the transect across the coffee rows, from the three locations, while 117 samples were collected in the direction along the row. The shortest sampling distance in the transect across the row was 4 m, and 0.5 m for the transect along the row. No clear patterns of the preconsolidation pressure values were observed in the 200 m transect. The results of the semivariograms for both variables indicated a high nugget value and short range for the studied parameters of all transects. A cyclic pattern of the parameters was observed for the across-rows transect. An inverse relationship between preconsolidation pressure and soil moisture was clearly observed in the samples from under the track, in both directions. Informações sobre a estrutura espacial das propriedades físicas e estruturais do solo são necessárias para avaliar a sua qualidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o comportamento espacial da pressão de preconsolidação e da umidade do solo em seis transectos: três ao longo e três perpendiculares às linhas de plantio do café, em três posições de amostragem com diferentes condições de tráfego. O experimento foi conduzido em uma fazenda localizada em Patrocínio, no Estado de Minas Gerais (latitude de 18 º 59 ' 15 '' S; longitude de 46 º 56 ' 47 '' W; 934 m acima do nível do mar). O solo, classificado como Latossolo Vermelho distrσfico típico, apresenta 780 g kg-1 de argila, 110 g kg-1 de silte e 110 g kg-1 de areia, com declividade média de 3 %. Amostras indeformadas foram coletadas na profundidade de 0,10-0,13 m, em três diferentes locais na lavoura cafeeira: na linha de tráfego, na entrelinha e sob a projeção da saia do cafeeiro. Foram dispostos seis transectos lineares na área experimental: três ao longo das linhas de plantio e três através das linhas de plantio. Assim, 161 amostras foram coletadas nos transectos através das linhas nos três locais estudados e 117 ao longo das linhas de plantio, em cada um dos locais avaliados. A menor distância entre os pontos amostrados foi de 4 m através dos transectos e de 0,5 m no sentido das linhas de plantio. Os valores de pressão de preconsolidação não exibiram padrões claros nos transectos. Os resultados dos semivariogramas para ambas as variáveis indicaram alto efeito pepita e curtos alcances em todas as situações estudadas e em todos os transectos. Um padrão cíclico dos parâmetros foi observado nos transectos através das linhas de plantio. A relação inversa entre a pressão de preconsolidação e a umidade do solo foi mais bem visualizada nas amostras coletadas na linha de tráfego, em ambas as direções avaliadas.
- Published
- 2011
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18. Relation of strength and mineralogical attributes in Brazilian latosols
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Ayodele Ebenezer Ajayi, Alberto Inda Vasconcelos Júnior, Nilton Curi, Ivoney Gontijo, Moacir de Souza Dias Junior, and Cezar Francisco Araujo-Junior
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Soil structure ,Oxisol ,Soil compaction ,Soil water ,Soil Science ,Environmental science ,Preconsolidation pressure ,Soil classification ,Soil science ,Latosol ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Soil color ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
There is a growing demand for the estimation of load support capacity of soils on a larger scale in mitigating compaction and other degradation forms of agricultural soils. In this study, we examined the relationship between load support capacity and soil mineralogy, using four latosol (oxisol) types. Our results showed that soil color could be used as a first discriminator of load support capacity in latosols. Hematitic (reddish) latosols were observed to have lower load support capacity when compared to the goethitic (yellowish) soils. We observed that the clay mineralogy is associated with soil structure development and consequently with the load support capacity of the soil. Our study has laid a foundation for large-scale estimation of strength attributes in latosols indicated by their structure, which is associated with their quite stable and simple mineralogy.
- Published
- 2009
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19. Planejamento amostral da pressão de preconsolidação de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico
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Moacir de Souza Dias Junior, Marcelo Silva de Oliveira, Bruno Silva Pires, Cezar Francisco Araujo Junior, Ivoney Gontijo, and Carloeme Alves de Oliveira
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compactação do solo ,Hydrology ,Soil Science ,Sampling (statistics) ,Preconsolidation pressure ,Geostatistics ,Spatial distribution ,Soil structure ,Soil compaction ,geoestatística ,amostragem de solo ,Spatial dependence ,Transect ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
Atualmente, a pressão de preconsolidação (sigmap) tem sido utilizada como uma ferramenta no estudo do processo de compactação do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a configuração e o número adequado de amostras para determinação da sigmap em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, bem como caracterizar sua variabilidade e distribuição espacial, utilizando métodos da Estatística Clássica e da Geoestatística. O estudo foi realizado em uma área experimental, no município de Lavras-MG, sob plantio convencional nos últimos 30 anos, no qual são realizados anualmente uma aração e duas gradagens. A área experimental possui dimensões de 32 x 160 m (5.120 m²), com 68 pontos distanciados a 10 m no eixo X e a 8 m no eixo Y, mais seis transectos, sendo quatro com pontos distanciados de 2 m e dois com pontos distanciados de 1 m, visando detectar variações a pequenas distâncias. Foram coletadas 98 amostras indeformadas na profundidade de 0-3 cm, as quais foram submetidas ao ensaio de compressão uniaxial, para obtenção das sigmap. Por meio dos parâmetros da Estatística Clássica, estabeleceu-se o número adequado de amostras para determinar a sigmap, que foi igual a 10 pontos. A maior variabilidade foi obtida para a sigmap (CV 14,8 %), e a menor, para a umidade do solo (CV 12,0 %). Ambas as variáveis apresentaram distribuição normal, com modelo esférico ajustado, e moderada estrutura de dependência espacial, com alcance de 19,5 e 90,0 m, respectivamente. Em futuras amostragens para determinação da sigmap, em condições similares às da área estudada, sugere-se dispor os pontos de coleta com intervalo igual ao alcance de dependência espacial, visando associar menor esforço de amostragem com maior representatividade da área. Apesar de a razão de dependência espacial encontrada para as variáveis estudadas ter sido moderada, seu alcance deve ser considerado no planejamento de novas amostragens. A declividade do solo influenciou indiretamente os valores de sigmap. O mapeamento da área permitiu observar zonas de maior e menor suscetibilidade à compactação, possibilitando a tomada de decisão sobre onde começar a trafegar para evitar danos à estrutura do solo.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Spatial variability of macronutrients in a crop of conilon coffee in the north of Espírito Santo
- Author
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Marcelo Barreto da Silva, Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus Santos, Ivoney Gontijo, and Antônio Pereira Drumond Neto
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biology ,Soil test ,Soil Science ,Geostatistics ,Horticulture ,Coffea canephora ,biology.organism_classification ,Spatial distribution ,Crop ,Agronomy ,Soil water ,Environmental science ,Spatial variability ,Soil fertility ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
The soils in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil (ES) display low natural fertility, which often limits the production of the crops due to the deficiency of some elements. However, they have a high potential for agricultural production when the chemical limitations which are present are overcome. The aim of this study was to describe the spatial variability of the macronutrients calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in a crop of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) located in the rural area of the city of Sao Mateus, ES. The experiment was carried out on a crop, planted at a spacing of 1.8 x 1.0 m (5,555 plants ha-1). A rectangular grid of 61.6 x 20.0 m (1,232 m2) was considered, with 60 sampling points, spaced 5.6 m apart between rows and 5.0 m within each crop row. At each point in the sampling grid, soil samples were collected at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m. All the macronutrients under study displayed a strong spatial dependence. The greatest range of spatial dependence was observed for Mg (32.4 m) and the smallest for Ca (8.1 m). Study of the spatial variability of the chemical properties of the soil by geostatistics, using kriging, proved to be an important tool in understanding the spatial distribution of macronutrients in the soil, and may be crucial in aiding the decision making that helps to attend the nutritional requirements of the conilon coffee crop.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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21. Variabilidade espacial de cálcio, magnésio, fósforo, potássio no solo e produtividade da pimenta-do-reino
- Author
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Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus Santos, Lucas R. Nicole, and Ivoney Gontijo
- Subjects
Piper ,Environmental Engineering ,Soil test ,biology ,Crop yield ,Piper nigrum L ,Soil classification ,Geostatistics ,biology.organism_classification ,Nutrient ,Agronomy ,Pepper ,atributos químicos ,geoestatística ,Environmental science ,Spatial variability ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
A pimenta-do-reino é uma importante fonte de renda para o produtor rural, razão por que é uma espécie predominantemente cultivada por pequenos produtores porém ainda é pouco conhecida a relação da variação espacial dos nutrientes e da produtividade da cultura. Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, descrever a variabilidade espacial do Ca, Mg, K, P no solo e a produtividade de uma lavoura de pimenta-do-reino, cultivada em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico. O experimento foi conduzido em uma lavoura de pimenta-do-reino, no município de São Mateus, ES, plantada no espaçamento 3,0 x 1,8 m. O projeto foi instalado em uma malha retangular de 100 x 120 m. Em cada ponto amostral foram coletadas amostras de solo, na profundidade de 0-0,20 m e determinada a produtividade, totalizando 126 pontos, com distância mínima de 5 m. Os dados foram submetidos à análise geoestatística. Observou-se estrutura de dependência espacial moderada e forte para os atributos químicos estudados. O estudo da variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos do solo mostrou-se como ferramenta relevante na compreensão do comportamento dos nutrientes no solo podendo ser fundamental no auxílio à tomada de decisão que vise à maior produtividade da lavoura.
- Published
- 2012
22. Variability and spatial correlation among micronutients and organic matter and yield of black pepper
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Fábio Luiz Partelli, Robson Bonomo, Ivoney Gontijo, Lucas Rodrigues Nicole, and Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus Santos
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Physics ,soil plant nutrition ,nutrição de plantas ,Piper nigrum L ,geoestatística ,Soil Science ,geostatistics ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Humanities - Abstract
Estudos que visem elucidar a variação espacial de atributos de solo associada à resposta de produção das lavouras podem contribuir para a aplicação racional de insumos, possibilitando ganhos econômicos e ambientais. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a variabilidade espacial dos micronutrientes Fe, Cu, Zn e Mn e da matéria orgânica, bem como sua correlação espacial com a produtividade de uma lavoura de pimenta-do-reino cultivada em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico. O estudo foi realizado em uma lavoura comercial de pimenta-do-reino da variedade Bragantina, em regime de irrigação por microaspersão, no município de São Mateus-ES. A área experimental possui dimensões de 100 x 120 m, onde se amostrou uma malha de 126 pontos com distância mínima de 5 m entre eles. Em cada ponto amostral foram coletadas três subamostras de solo na projeção da copa da pimenteira-do-reino, compondo uma amostra, na profundidade de 0-20 cm. A produtividade da lavoura foi estimada por meio da colheita das três plantas circunvizinhas a cada ponto amostral. Os atributos estudados apresentaram estrutura de dependência espacial forte e moderada, sendo o modelo esférico o que melhor se ajustou para todas as variáveis avaliadas. Verificou-se correlação espacial negativa para o teor de Fe e positiva para os teores de Zn, Mn e matéria orgânica do solo com a produtividade da pimenta-do-reino. Studies on the spatial variation of soil properties associated with the response of crop yields may contribute to a rational application of inputs, enabling economic and environmental gains. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the variability and spatial correlations among soil Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and organic matter contents and yield of black pepper grown on a Yellow-Red Latosol. The study was carried out on a black pepper plantation under microsprinkler irrigation, in São Mateus, State of Espirito Santo, Brazil. The experimental area was 100 x 120 m (12.000 m²). Soil was collected from under the tree canopies in the 0-0.20 m layer, in a grid with minimum distances of 5 m, totaling 126 soil samples. The black pepper production was estimated by harvesting the three plants nearest to each sample point. All measurable semivariogram properties were satisfactorily described by spherical models with a moderate and strong spatial structure. There was a negative spatial correlation between soil Fe content and yield black pepper and positive spatial correlation among Zn, Mn and organic matter contents and black pepper yield.
- Published
- 2012
23. Atributos físico-hídricos de um latossolo de cerrado em diferentes posições de amostragem na lavoura cafeeira
- Author
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Paulo Tácito Gontijo Guimarães, Ivoney Gontijo, Moacir de Souza Dias Junior, and Cezar Francisco Araujo-Junior
- Subjects
Physics ,Horticulture ,ensaio de compressão uniaxial ,água no solo ,Soil porosity ,Soil Science ,Coffea arabica L ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,pressão de preconsolidação ,estrutura do solo - Abstract
A compactação do solo, ocasionada por diferentes intensidades de tráfego, pode provocar danos à estrutura do solo, limitando a produção em lavouras cafeeiras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver modelos de capacidade de suporte de carga para um Latossolo sob Cerrado, cultivado com cafeeiros, bem como investigar os efeitos do manejo da lavoura cafeeira na distribuição de poros e na retenção de água, em diferentes posições na lavoura cafeeira. O estudo foi realizado em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico localizado nas coordenadas de 18 º 59 ' 15 '' S e 46 º56 ' 47 '' W, cultivado com cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) em espaçamento de 4 x 1 m, implantado no ano de 19no mu95 nicípio de Patrocínio, MG. As diferentes posições de amostragem na lavoura cafeeira foram: projeção da saia (PS), linha de tráfego (LT) e centro da entrelinha (EL). Além disso, amostras indeformadas também foram coletadas na mata nativa (MN) para obter os modelos de capacidade de suporte de carga. Em cada posição de amostragem foram coletadas amostras deformadas e indeformadas na profundidade de 10-13 cm, para avaliação dos seguintes atributos físico-hídricos: pressão de preconsolidação (σp), umidade gravimétrica (U), densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total (PT), macroporosidade (Ma), microporosidade (Mi), curva de retenção de água no solo, teor de matéria orgânica (MO), textura, densidade de partículas e limites de liquidez, plasticidade e contração. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a capacidade de suporte de carga do Latossolo decresceu na seguinte ordem: LT > MN = PS > EL. O solo sob a posição EL foi mais suscetível à compactação em virtude da menor capacidade de suporte de carga, devido a uma subsolagem realizada meses antes da amostragem, reduzindo a sua resistência mecânica. O solo sob MN e a PS apresentaram mesma capacidade de suporte de carga, indicando a manutenção de uma estrutura favorável para o crescimento do sistema radicular do cafeeiro. A água disponível foi maior para o solo nas posições EL e PS e menor para a LT e MN; o solo sob a LT mantém maior microporosidade em relação à EL desestruturada pela subsolagem.
- Published
- 2008
24. Zonas homogêneas para recomendação de calagem para pimenta-do-reino utilizando a geoestatística
- Author
-
Fábio Luiz Partelli, Fábio Ribeiro Pires, Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus Santos, Ivoney Gontijo, and Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima Gontijo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Environmental Engineering ,Piper nigrum L ,Forestry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Geostatistics ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Homogeneous ,Pepper ,variabilidade espacial ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,spatial variability ,fertilization management ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,manejo da adubação ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Mathematics - Abstract
Studies aimed at determining homogeneous zones and the spatial variability of soil characteristics may improve the efficiency of agricultural input applications. The purpose of this study was to determine homogeneous zones for liming applications and to characterize the spatial variability of characteristics related to soil acidity and productivity in an Oxisol cultivated with black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). This study was carried out in São Mateus, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental site was 100 x 120 m. A grid with 126 sampling points was established. Three soil sub-samples were collected at each sampling point in the black pepper canopy areas, at a 0-0.20 m depth. Crop productivity was estimated by harvesting the three plants neighboring each sampling point. Descriptive statistics and geostatistical analyses were performed. Homogeneous management zones were defined based on map of liming needs. Mathematical models adjusted to semivariograms indicated that all of the studied variables exhibited spatial dependency. An analysis of the spatial variability together with the definition of homogeneous zones can be used to increase the efficiency of soil liming. RESUMO Objetivou-se, no presente estudo, caracterizar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos relacionados à acidez do solo, a necessidade de calagem e a produtividade de pimenta-do-reino sob um Latossolo Amarelo. O estudo foi realizado em uma lavoura de pimenta-do-reino, no município de São Mateus, ES. A área experimental possui dimensões de 100 x 120 m na qual demarcou-se uma malha com 126 pontos. Em cada ponto amostral foram coletadas três subamostras de solo na projeção da copa da pimenteira-do-reino compondo uma amostra na profundidade de 0-0,20 m. A produtividade da lavoura foi estimada por meio da colheita das três plantas circunvizinhas a cada ponto amostral. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise da estatística descritiva e à análise geoestatística. O mapa da necessidade de calagem possibilitou a delimitação das zonas homogêneas de taxas de calcário a serem aplicadas ao solo. Os modelos matemáticos ajustados aos semivariogramas demonstraram que todas as variáveis em estudo apresentaram estrutura de dependência espacial. O conhecimento da variabilidade espacial associada à definição de zonas homogêneas pode ser usado para aumentar a eficiência de aplicação de calcário.
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