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Sulama suyu tuzlulu ğ unun soğ an yumru verimi ve su tüketimi ile toprak profilinin tuzlula şmas ı na olan etkilerinin incelendiğ i bu çal ışma Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ara şt ı rma Seras ı nda 2001 y ı l ı nda saks ı denemeleri biçiminde üç tekrarlama!' olarak yürütülmü ştür. Soğ an tohumlar ı her saks ı da beş bitki olacak biçimde 31 May ı s tarihinde ekilmiş ve saks ı lar ı n hepsinde mevcut toprak nemi tarla kapasitesine ç ı kar ı larak ayn ı gün denemelere ba ş lanm ışt ı r. Saks ı ağı rl ı kları hasat tarihine kadar 2 Aral ı k her gün tart ı larak toprak nemi izlenmi ş ve elde edilen veriler günlük bitki su tüketiminin ve sulamalarda uygulanacak sulama suyu miktar ı n ı n belirlenmesinde kullan ı lm ışt ı r. Sulama uygulamalar ı nda şebeke suyu kontrol, EC:0.8 dS/m,T o ile tuzlulaşt ı rı lmış sular EC:1.6 dS/m, TI; 3.2 dS/m T2; 4.6 dS/m, T3 ve 6.1 dS/m, T4 kullan ı lm ışt ı r. Saks ı topraklar ı ndaki tuzlulaşmay ı belirlemek amacı yla ekimde, her büyüme periyodunun baş lang ı cı nda ve hasatta toprak örnekleri al ı nm ıştı r. Sulamalarda 1.6-6.1 dS/m aras ı nda elektriksel iletkenlik değerine sahip sular ı n kullan ı lmas ı yumru verimini % 34-68 ve bitki su tüketimini % 15-35 önemli ölçüde azalm ıştı r. Araşt ı rman ı n sonunda, deneme konular ı nda, toprak saturasyon eriyiklerinin elektriksel iletkenlikleri 0.54 dS/m den şebeke suyunun kullan ı ld ığı konuda To 0.81 dS/m, en yüksek tuzluluk değerine sahip sular ı n kullan ı ld ığı konuda T4 ise 4.47 dS/m düzeyine ula şmışt ı r., In a greenhouse pot experiment conducted in the Experimental Research Greenhouse at Süleyman Demirel University Campus, and investigated the effects of irrigation water salinity on onion's bulb yield, evapotranspiration and salinity in soil's profile during 2001 with three replacement. Onion seedlings were transplanted on May 31 at the density of five plant per pot. The experiment was started on the transplanting date with the soil content of all pots at field capacity. Soil moisture status monitored daily by weighing of pots until harvest December 2 , and the data used to determine the daily evapotranspiration and quantity of irrigation. Plants in the pots were irrigated with tap water controls, EC:0.8 dS/m,To or salinized water EC:1.6 dS/m, T l ; 3.2 dS/m T2; 4.6 dS/m, T3 and 6.1 dS/m, T4 . Soils sampled at the transplanted day, beginning of the each growth period and harvesting day to determine the salinization of pot's soil. Within the range of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water between 1.6 dS/m and 6.1 dS/m decreased the onion's bulb yield 34-68 % and evapotranspiration 15-35 % , significantly. At the end of the experiment, the electrical conductivity of the saturated soil extract in the treatment were formed from 0.54 to 0.81 dS/m used To and 4.47 dS/m used T4 .

The aim of this study was to determine the optimum water use of the dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Such information is needed by planners and producers for the design of irrigation schemes to minimise yield reductions under water deficit conditions. Under the present experimental conditions, high grain yields were obtained by meeting the full water needs of the crop (1.94-2.43 Mg ha-1), by meeting 75% of their needs (1.92-2.40 Mg ha-1), or by irrigation throughout the growing season except during ripening (1.93-2.23 Mg ha-1). Grain yields were reduced when irrigation water was not provided during the flowering and yield formation periods, and did not increase significantly in such cases even if water had been supplied during the establishment, vegetative, and ripening periods. The yield response factors for the entire growing season, and for the vegetative, flowering, yield formation and ripening periods, were 1.28, 0.36, 0.84, 0.80, and 0.08 respectively. Thus, to achieve effective vegetative production in semiarid regions such as Isparta, irrigation is absolutely necessary. Under limited water conditions, a water deficit of 25-50% is tolerable throughout the growing season, or during the vegetative and ripening periods. El objetivo de este trabajo fue optimizar el uso de agua para la judía de grano (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), lo que es necesariopara que productores y gestores puedan diseñar esquemas de riego en condiciones deficitarias de agua. En las condiciones experimentales de este trabajo se obtuvo una alta productividad (1,94-2,43 Mg ha-1) cuando las necesidades de agua estaban completamente cubiertas. Cuando las necesidades de agua estaban cubiertas en un 75% y cuando se regaba toda la campaña excepto en la época de maduración, la productividad fue 1,92-2,40 y 1.93-2.23 Mg ha-1, respectivamente. El rendimiento de grano se redujo cuando no se suministró agua de riego durante los periodos de floración y maduración de granos, y este rendimiento no aumentó significativamente en tales casos aunque el agua se suministrara durante los periodos de establecimiento, vegetativo y maduración. Los factores de respuesta del rendimiento para el periodo de crecimientocompleto, y para los periodos vegetativo, de floración, de formación de granos y de maduración fueron de 1,28,0,36, 0,84, 0,80 y 0,08 respectivamente. Por tanto, para conseguir una producción efectiva en regiones semiáridas como Isparta, el riego es absolutamente necesario. En condiciones restringidas de agua, un déficit del 25-50% es tolerable a lo largo de toda la campaña, o durante los periodos vegetativo y de maduración.

In a greenhouse pot experiment conducted in Turkey during 2001, onion seedlings were transplanted on May 31 at the density of five plants per pot. On this date the soil water content of all pots were at field capacity. The pots were weighed daily until harvest (December 2), and the data were used to determine the daily evapotranspiration and quantity of irrigation. Eight irrigation treatments were applied, designated as I-1 full irrigation (non-deficit treatment), and I-2, I-3 and I-4 no irrigation in the vegetative growth periods, yield formation and ripening, respectively, and I-5, I-6, I-7 and I-8 received 0.0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 times the soil water depletion in the treatment I-1 on the same day. For each treatment, the following parameters were analysed and compared: applied irrigation depth, daily and seasonal evapotranspiration, bulb yield, yield response factor (k(y)), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and water use efficiency (WUE). The findings indicated that onion plants were very sensitive to lack of soil water during the total growing season and the yield formation period, but rather insensitive in the vegetative and ripening periods. High water use and water use efficiencies were observed with increasing levels of irrigation, or no irrigation in the vegetative period. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.