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There is an increasing trend of production and consumption of poultry meat over the last years in the world and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main purpose of this paper is to present a literature review in this field, and give prediction of production and consumption of poultry meat in the future. The largest producer of poultry meat in 2013 was the US with 19.8 million tons followed by China (17.4), Brazil (13.0) and the EU-28 (12.8). The total production of poultry meat in the world is 107.4 million tons. The most poultry are fattened in China, the US, Indonesia, Brazil and the EU. Consumption of poultry meat has been increased in the world per capita over the last ten years from 10.4 kg in 2003 to 13.2 kg in 2013. According to statistical data and estimates of OECD FAO, consumption of poultry meat has increased in the past decade to 42.7%. It is expected that consumption of poultry meat in 2023 will be 134.3 million tons, which represents increasing for additional 25.3% compared to 2013, but its average consumption per capita could be about 14.9 kg. The most of poultry meat per capita and per year is consumed in the US (44.3 kg), than in Malaysia (43.1 kg) and Brazil (40.6 kg), while the EU-28 average in 2013 was 21.2 kg. According to statistics, poultry fattening in Bosnia and Herzegovina has also a growing trend showing that the number of poultry and the quantity of meat produced in the last ten years are doubled. In 2004, 9.4 millions of poultry was fattened, while in 2013 it was fattened about 24.7 million. The number of poultry in the Republic of Serpska has increased by 140% and in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by 207%.