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5 results on '"local farmers"'

1. Participatory Plant Breeding in Relation to Genetic Diversity, Food Security, Plant Development and the Need to Pay Attention to Oilseed Crops

Author

Mehdi Kakaei and Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi

Subjects
camelina, food security, genetic diversity, local farmers, Agriculture
Abstract

Since the beginning of life on earth, mankind has always used animals and plants for its nutrition and has continuously trained and developed them for their benefits and social, cultural, and economic needs. In the past, livestock and crop breeding were done by traditional farmers and ranchers. It improves the performance of livestock and crops, they performed the selection, which is one of the principles of plant breeding and livestock breeding. They made this choice with the help of information that was passed down to them from successive generations. It is a participatory plant breeding and production of crops with the help of researchers alongside farmers. Farmers work with researchers, scientists, and other stakeholders -even consumers- to improve crops and develop resilient plant varieties. Farmers are aware of their needs and have a conscious understanding of their agricultural land in terms of soil type, seed type, weather conditions, surface water, underground water conditions, etc. Therefore, they can play an important role in making decisions about the implementation of plant breeding and the type of planting pattern in the cultivated microclimates. In other words, farmers determine their cultivation goals based on their environments, conditions, tastes, and local cultures. The seed that is obtained in this way by the breed researchers with the help of the leading farmers, actually contributes significantly to the food governance of the people of that region and that country.

Published
2023
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2. CHALLENGES IN THE SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY OF NORTHERN GHANA– IMPACTS OF SOYBEAN TRADE ON BAMBARA GROUNDNUT: A CASE STUDY.

Author

VASKÓ, ÁRON and NESZMÉLYI, GYÖRGY IVÁN

Subjects
SUSTAINABLE development, SEED industry, TRADITIONAL farming, MICROFINANCE, FARM mechanization
Abstract

The global seed trade has reached and conquered Northern Ghana, squeezing out local suppliers. Considering ongoing population growth, rapidly urbanizing communities, changing diets, and vast quantities of imported food products, the endeavours of enterprises that try to reduce the local food production deficit should be more appreciated. Rice, maize, and soybeans are three types of grain that dominate the global seed trade. Furthermore, the natural conditions and vegetation of the sub-tropical region are close to optimal. While rice and maize have been cultivated for a long time, soybeans are a new crop in the semi-arid climate zone of the Guinea-Savannah. The motivations and ambitions are clear: pushing improved soybean seeds into the traditional farming system of Northern Ghana to meet the zero hunger sustainable development goal while widening the market for western seed producers. In the Ghanaian context, microfinance is built on making customers dependent on services. On the bone hand, it is a tool to extend farm sizes through mechanization, fertilizers, and modern cultivation technologies to increase yield; on the other hand, microfinance could cause financial difficulties within society and farmer associations, and it has negative effects on unsupported and unfinanced activities such as cultivating indigenous crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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3. Growing Together : Reducing Rural Poverty in Myanmar

Author

Myint, Nikolas, Badiani-Magnusson, Reena, Woodhouse, Andrea, and Zorya, Sergiy

Subjects
MEASURES, LAND REFORMS, INFORMATION, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, FARM SECTOR, LIVELIHOODS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION, AGRICULTURAL, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL GROWTH, EXPORT MARKETS, TARGETED TRANSFERS, LAND USE, POOR, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, INCOME, FARM TECHNOLOGIES, WOMEN, EDUCATION, AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION, MALNUTRITION, FOOD PRICES, RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, OPTIONS, PRODUCTION COSTS, LAND TITLES, DELTA REGION, PUBLIC SPENDING, TECHNOLOGIES, HEALTH, RURAL PEOPLE, EXTENSION, CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS, FARMERS, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, LIVING STANDARDS, AGRICULTURAL FINANCE, SUBSIDIES, INCOMES, ACCESS TO ESSENTIAL SERVICES, RURAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, PUBLIC SERVICES, FARMS, PRICES, IMPROVED LIVELIHOODS, AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES, TRANSFERS, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL AREAS, PROPERTY RIGHTS, FARM PRODUCTION, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES, LAGGING REGIONS, PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENT, DRINKING WATER, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, CONSUMPTION, POVERTY REDUCTION, LAND TENURE, RISKS, LAND REFORM, PRODUCTS, TRADE, LIVING CONDITIONS, PROPERTY, LAND TITLING, MARKETING, ENVIRONMENTS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURE, RESOURCES, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL POPULATION, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, TARGETING, RESEARCH, MARKET PRICES, IMPACT ON POVERTY, REMOTE AREAS, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, LAND ECONOMICS, IRRIGATION, FARM WORKERS, CLEAN DRINKING WATER, REGIONAL DISPARITIES, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC SHOCKS, LOCAL FARMERS, REGIONS, ETHNIC MINORITY, FAMILY, DECENTRALIZATION, ACCESS TO SERVICES, HUMAN CAPITAL, SKILLS, POOR PEOPLE, REVENUE, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, PRIVATE SECTOR, DIVERSIFICATION, RURAL COMMUNITIES, LABORATORIES, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, LAND, VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, PROFITS, EXTENSION SERVICES, POVERTY INCIDENCE, CREDIT, EXPENDITURES, REGION, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES, MANAGEMENT, KNOWLEDGE, POORER AREAS, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, CROPS, CONFLICT, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSING, ECONOMICS, LIVESTOCK, RURAL, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, CHILD HEALTHCARE, SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT, LABOR FORCE, REVENUES, NEW TECHNOLOGIES, GENDER, LACK OF INFORMATION, FISHERIES, RURAL POPULATIONS
Abstract

Policies that enable rural communities to participate in expanding economic opportunities can be central to inclusive growth in Myanmar. Rural communities are home to the majority of Myanmar’s population, the majority of its many ethnic groups, and 70 percent of its poor. Development in rural areas is constrained by low returns to agriculture, and significantly lower levels of public service delivery and human development outcomes relative to urban areas. Reforms to enhance agriculture productivity are necessary though not sufficient for improving the welfare and livelihoods of rural communities. These have to be complemented with increased access to social and economic services that can raise human and physical capacity to create the conditions necessary for the growth of a dynamic rural non-farm sector. These reforms could help to not only reduce the drag on rural growth and poverty reduction, but also contribute to structural economic transformation so that the welfare of all people in Myanmar can grow together.

Published
2016

4. Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions

Author

Bussolo, Maurizio, De Hoyos, Rafael, and Medvedev, Denis

Subjects
REDUCTION IN POVERTY, EXPORT SUBSIDIES, REAL INCOME, AGRICULTURAL REFORM, GLOBAL POVERTY, VALUE ADDED, EXTREME POVERTY, WELFARE MEASURE, DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS, HOUSEHOLD INCOMES, SKILL LEVEL, POLICY REFORM, EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS, CONSUMER PRICES, EXPORT MARKETS, NATIONAL ECONOMIES, INCOME, REAL WAGE, DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS, AGRICULTURAL SECTORS, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, COMPETITIVENESS, AGRICULTURAL WAGES, TARIFF RATE, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, POOR GROWTH, PER CAPITA INCOME, TRADE AGREEMENTS, AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS, MACROECONOMIC MODELS, EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE, NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP, POLICY REFORMS, FARMERS, SKILLED WORKERS, PRICE INCREASES, IMPORT TARIFF, INCOME SHARE, HIGHER INEQUALITY, REAL WAGES, GLOBAL ECONOMY, PURCHASING POWER, TRADE BARRIERS, LABOUR EARNINGS, INCOME INEQUALITY, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, POVERTY REDUCTION, EXPORT, INCOME LEVELS, RELATIVE WAGES, PRICE CHANGES, IMPORT BARRIERS, MULTILATERAL TRADE, WAGE PREMIUM, WEALTH, AGRICULTURAL MARKET, CONSUMERS, AGRICULTURAL PRICE SUPPORTS, COMBINES, GEOGRAPHIC REGION, CONSUMPTION DATA, INCOME DATA, WTO, ECONOMIC REVIEW, GDP, UTILITY FUNCTION, BASE YEAR, POVERTY OUTCOMES, PRICE INDICES, EXPORTS, GDP DEFLATOR, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, FARM OUTPUT, POOR PEOPLE, AGRICULTURAL PRICES, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS, FARM PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL GOODS, URUGUAY ROUND, CARIBBEAN REGION, INEQUALITY DECOMPOSITION, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, GLOBAL MARKETS, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, REAL GDP, POVERTY LINES, AGRICULTURAL WAGE, INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, INCREASED INEQUALITY, REGIONAL TRADING AGREEMENTS, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, TRADE NEGOTIATION, INEQUALITY COEFFICIENT, POVERTY LINE, PUBLIC GOODS, AGRICULTURAL GROUPS, INEQUALITY RESULTS, INCOME DISTRIBUTION DATA, INEQUALITY MEASURE, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, EXOGENOUS CHANGES, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME, RATE QUOTAS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EXCHANGE RATES, FARM, AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME, FARM LABOR, DOMESTIC MARKET, EXTREME POVERTY LINE, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, MEASUREMENT ERRORS, FOOD PRICES, DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT, AGRICULTURAL WORKER, PRODUCTION COSTS, AGRICULTURAL MARKETS, GINI COEFFICIENT, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, CONSUMPTION INCREASES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS, TRADE POLICY, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, AVERAGE INCOMES, PRIMARY EDUCATION, INCOME DISPARITIES, NEGATIVE SHOCK, AGRICULTURAL PRICE, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, AGRICULTURAL LIBERALIZATION, AGRICULTURAL POPULATION, DEVELOPING WORLD, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, REGRESSION ANALYSIS, WAGES, PRODUCER INCENTIVES, NATIONAL INCOME, LABOR MARKET, INCOME REDISTRIBUTION, REGIONAL PATTERN, ECONOMIC EXPANSION, RELATIVE PRICES, LOW INCOME, TRADE POLICIES, VOLUME, WELFARE INDICATOR, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, AGRICULTURE, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, ECONOMIC THEORY, AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES, AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION, MEAN INCOMES, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, FOOD CONSUMPTION, LOCAL FARMERS, AVERAGE INCOME, DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, PROPORTIONAL IMPACT, REGIONAL PATTERNS, INCOME SOURCE, TRADE DISPUTES, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, AGRICULTURAL INCOMES, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, LDCS, ECONOMIC POLICY, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, ABSOLUTE POVERTY, POLICY RESEARCH, POVERTY INCIDENCE, GROWTH RATE, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, CONSUMER PREFERENCES, EMPIRICAL RESULTS, FOOD MARKETS, DEVELOPING REGIONS, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, FOOD PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS, POST-REFORM, FARM COMMODITIES, POWER PARITY, INCOME GAINS, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS, COUNTRY-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS, POVERTY CHANGES
Abstract

This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agricultural and other trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds that liberalization of agriculture will increase global extreme poverty (US$1 a day) slightly and by almost 1 percent if other goods trade is also liberalized; but the number of people living on less than $2 a day will fall by almost 1 percent. Beneath these small aggregate changes, most countries witness a substantial reduction in poverty while South Asia where half of the world's poor reside will experience an increase in extreme (but not moderate) poverty incidence due to high rates of protection afforded to its unskilled labor-intensive agricultural sectors. The distributional changes also are projected to be mild, but again exhibit a strong regional pattern: inequality falls in Latin America, which is characterized by high initial inequality, and rises in South Asia, has relatively low income inequality.

Published
2009

5. The Development Of An Eco-gastronomic Tourism (egt) Supply Chain-analyzing Linkages Between Farmer, Restaurants, And Tourists In Aruba.

Author

Kock, Marcelino

Subjects
Tourism, agriculture, tourism aruba, tourist food consumption, restaurants, local farmers, locally produced foods, gastronomy, eco gastronomy, input output model, Education, Hospitality Administration and Management, Dissertations, Academic -- Education, Education -- Dissertations, Academic
Abstract

Purpose of this study is to holistically analyze existing linkages between Aruba’s tourism industry, restaurants and local farmers, by examining strategies that constrain the development of linkages between these stakeholders. Previous research indicated that tourism development is often accompanied with increased demand for imported food, which results in foreign exchange leakages, inflation and competition with local production. This phenomenon is very common in the Caribbean, where Aruba, with its heavy reliance on imported goods and services, is no exception to this occurrence. To comprehend potential problems associated with linking both sectors, these in-depth case study addresses three fundamental questions: a) what is the structure of supply and demand of food for the tourism industry of Aruba?, and b) what factors constrain the development of linkages between international tourism and Aruba’s local agriculture? Using an exploratory and stochastic methodological approach, data will be obtained from structured surveys from three different stakeholders in the food supply chain of Aruba. Anticipated findings illustrate that the existing linkage between the tourism industry and agriculture in Aruba is still weak, yet the food consumption and preferences by tourists can contribute in enhancing an ecogastronomic tourism supply chain.

Published
2013

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