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The aim of this study was to make a descriptive analysis of the spatial distribution of agroforestry systems in the State of São Paulo, based on information provided by the 2006 Agricultural Census. Based on the distribution presented by these systems, we discuss their adoption and relationship with land use in different regions, as well as their potential as production and restoration systems in protected areas in the rural landscape of the state. The results show an incipient use of AFs at the time of survey, and their concentration in specific regions, with emphasis on some municipalities. This is probably associated to the concentration of rural settlements and small properties, to the compliance of permanent preservation areas and legal reserves, and to the interest in establishing agroforestry models of production with some species (mainly exotic) in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]