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Previous studies have documented the correlation between preferences for male facial masculinity and perceived masculinity: women who rate their male partner as more masculine tend to prefer more masculine faces. Men's self-rated masculinity predicts their female partner's preference for masculinity. This study examined the association between other trait preferences and preference for male facial masculinity among 556 gay and bisexual men across multiple cities in China. Participants were asked to choose the three most important traits in a romantic partner from a list of 23 traits. Each participant was then asked to choose a preferred face in each of 10 pairs of male faces presented sequentially, with each pair consisting of a masculinized and feminized version of the same base face. The results indicated that preferences for health and status-related traits were correlated with preferences for male facial masculinity in gay and bisexual men in China; individuals who were more health- or status-oriented in their preferences for a romantic partner preferred more masculine male faces than individuals with lower levels of these orientations. The findings have implications for the correlated preferences for facial masculinity and health- and status-related traits and may be related to perceived health and dominance/aggression of masculine faces based on a sample of non-Western gay and bisexual men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dominance style concept has proven useful for understanding covariation patterns in relationship qualities, particularly among macaques. However, the dominance styles of many macaques, including Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana), have not been examined in detail. We describe patterns of bidirectionality of aggression, postconflict affiliation and kin bias in a group of wild, but provisioned Tibetan macaques over a 2-yr period in order make an initial assessment of their dominance style. Bidirectional aggression, including percentage of counteraggression (1.9%), and conciliatory tendencies (6.4%) were consistently low across partner combinations, seasons and locations (forest vs. provisioning area). In addition, females consistently displayed high levels of kin bias in affiliation and tolerance. Compared with macaque species with better known dominance styles, the Tibetan data generally fell within the range for despotic species and outside the range for relaxed species. Although other researchers have tentatively classified them as tolerant or relaxed, we conclude that Tibetan macaques display a despotic dominance style. This conclusion poses complications to explanations based both on phylogenetic inertia and socio-ecological models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial width to height ratio (fWHR) has been related to aggression in men in Western samples. This study examined whether fWHR predicted intimate partner violence and dominance in committed relationships in a Chinese sample (n = 144). fWHR was measured in two ways: (1) bizygomatic width divided by the distance between the upper lip and mid-brow and (2) bizygomatic width divided by the distance between the upper lip and highest point of the eyelids. The Conflict Tactics Scale 2 was used to measure intimate partner violence. The 39 items assessed individuals' aggression in five dimensions: (1) negotiation, (2) psychological aggression, (3) physical assault, (4) sexual coercion, and (5) injury. Dominance was measured using the 32-item Dominance Scale where higher scores indicated more dominance. The results found no significant sex differences regarding fWHR. The men that reported a physical assault had larger fWHRs than the men who had no physical assaults. Both fWHRs were positively associated with the men's, but not the women's, physical assault score. Both fWHRs were significantly associated with the disparagement dimension of dominance among the women, but not among the men. The findings indicated the cross-racial consistency of the association between fWHR and aggressive behaviors in multiple situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]