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Objective: To examine the factors that influence parent–child relationships in African immigrant families in Alberta, Canada. Background: African immigrants are increasingly migrating to high‐income countries, including Canada, in search of a better life. These immigrants often face several challenges, including parenting their children in new sociocultural contexts. We present findings from a critical ethnographic study of parent–child relationships among African immigrants in Alberta, Canada. Method: Informed by transnational feminist theory, we conducted interviews with 14 African immigrant community leaders, 31 African immigrant parents, and 12 service providers and policymakers. Results: We found that conflicting cultural practices and value systems, shifting power relations, low socioeconomic status, and gender relations exert both beneficial and strenuous influences on parent–child relations. Conclusion: The determinants of parenting practices and parent–child relationships include the intersecting influences of gender, social class, culture, and changing power relations across transnational spaces. Implications: Our findings suggest several policy and practice implications. In particular, we suggest a need to attend to diverse determinants of child well‐being, including income, gender relations, culturally sensitive service delivery, and changing power relations across transnational spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

African immigrant children and youth have some of the poorest social and mental health outcomes in Canada. Although parenting challenges have been widely documented as a key driver of these outcomes, limited systematic research has investigated this phenomenon. In this paper, we report the results of a study examining parenting challenges among a sample of African immigrant parents in Alberta, Canada. We relied on the theoretical lens of transnationalism to collect and analyse data from a purposive sample of African community leaders (n = 14), African immigrant parents (n = 32), and a range of stakeholders (n = 30). Our thematic data analysis revealed several intricately intertwined parenting challenges, organized around six overarching themes, namely, cultural incompatibility, family tension, state interference, limited social supports, poor access to services, and low socioeconomic status. We present these themes and the policy and service implications of our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health and wellbeing of African children and families, as an emerging demographic, is of interest and concern to various stakeholders in Canada. Yet, few studies have examined how parents and other members of the African community perceive the concept of mental health. This paper examines the perceptions of mental health of African community members concerning parenting children of African heritage. We used critical ethnography and transnational feminist theory to examine mental health perceptions and parenting practices among African immigrants living in Alberta, Canada. Data were drawn from a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 58 participants made up of parents, community leaders, service providers and policymakers. Findings show that linguistic differences, cultural beliefs, and life experiences play a role in how African immigrants living within the Canadian context view mental health and mental health difficulties. African immigrant parents struggle with the tension of holding traditional cultural views of wellness in an environment where structures and services are centred around Western notions of mental health and illness and the potential impact this can have on their parenting practices and children's mental health. Recommendations for resolving conflicts relating to mental health perceptions are discussed to enhance service access and provision among African immigrant families in Canada and other Western countries. La santé et le bien-être des enfants et des familles africains, en tant que groupe démographique émergent, intéresse et préoccupe divers organismes au Canada. Pourtant, peu d'études ont exam-iné la façon dont les parents et les autres membres de la communauté africaine perçoivent le concept de santé mentale. Cet article examine les perceptions de la santé mentale des membres de la communauté africaine concernant la parentalité d'enfants d'origine africaine. Nous avons utilisé une ethnographie critique et une théorie féministe transnationale pour examiner les perceptions de la santé mentale et les pratiques parentales chez les immigrants africains vivant en Alberta, au Canada. Les données ont été tirées d'une analyse thématique d'entretiens semi-structurés avec 58 participants composés de parents, de dirigeants communautaires, de prestataires de services et de décideurs. Les résultats montrent que les différences linguistiques, les croyances culturelles et les expériences de vie jouent un rôle dans la façon dont les immigrants africains vivant dans le contexte canadien perçoivent la santé mentale et les problèmes de santé mentale. Les parents d'immigrants africains luttent contre la difficulté liée à la perception de la culture traditionnelle du [End Page 47] bien-être dans un environnement où les structures et les services sont centrés sur les notions occidentales de santé mentale et de maladie et l'impact potentiel que cela peut avoir sur leurs pratiques parentales et la santé mentale de leurs enfants. Des recommandations pour résoudre les conflits liés aux perceptions de la santé mentale sont discutées afin d'améliorer l'accès et la prestation des services parmi les familles d'immigrants africains au Canada et dans d'autres pays occidentaux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Child discipline remains a topic of public health interest across the globe. Despite this enduring interest, very little is known about the child disciplinary practices of African immigrants in Canada. This paper explores the disciplinary practices of African immigrant parents in Alberta, a Canadian province with a recent surge in the population of African immigrants. Employing a critical ethnographic methodology, informed by transnational theory, we collected data through in-depth qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of African community leaders (n = 14), African immigrant parents (n = 32), policymakers (n = 2), and health and immigrant settlement workers (n = 10). As members of the African immigrant community, we were deeply immersed in the research settings, which afforded us the opportunity to collect pertinent observational data in the form of reflexive notes. Thematic analysis of the data revealed child disciplinary approaches that incorporate Canadian and African parenting practices, as well as practices that appear somewhat unique to this demographic. We found that African immigrant parents used corporal discipline, persuasive discipline, and a hybrid of the two, as well as emerging practices involving transnational fostering and emotional isolation of children who persistently misbehaved. These practices, in their totality, appeared to be influenced by the transnational experiences of parents and precepts that are traceable to Canada's legal and educational systems. We present theoretical, policy, and service implications of our findings, including a recommendation to incorporate sociocultural dimensions of child discipline into Canadian child welfare policies and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The African immigrant population is increasing rapidly in Alberta and across Canada. • African immigrants face barriers accessing mainstream mental health (MH) supports. • Family-, community-, and structural-level stressors present challenges to child MH. • Family-, community-, and structural-level strategies can help promote child MH. • These strategies include measures to build and enhance resilience during childhood. Available evidence in Canada suggests mental health disparities between immigrant and non-immigrant children. Children born to immigrants face a greater risk of poor mental health outcomes. However, these comparisons often mask important ethno-racial differences in mental health risks and outcomes among immigrant populations. Recent evidence suggests African immigrant children have some of the poorest social and mental health outcomes in Canada. Despite this awareness, research has yet to identify community-based strategies for addressing the stressors underpinning such outcomes. This study used data obtained from focus groups with African immigrant parents in Alberta, Canada, to identify child mental health stressors and child mental health promotion strategies in the African immigrant community. These strategies, thematically partitioned into family-, community-, and structural-level interventions, include building supportive parent–child relationships, strengthening resilience in childhood, economic empowerment of families, destigmatizing mental illness, influencing institutional policies and practices, supporting labour integration, and enhancing access to mental health supports. Ways in which policymakers and service providers can support child mental health promotion efforts in the African immigrant community are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]