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BACKGROUND: To provide a bibliometric analysis of published orthopaedic research in the form of peer-reviewed articles as well as non-indexed articles from Zimbabwe in the past six decades. METHODS: We carried out a literature search of the 'Clarivariate Analytics' Web of Science database, specific journals not included in the database and the University of Zimbabwe repository. We then selected articles focused on research in orthopaedic pathology in Zimbabwe. These articles were then classified by year of publication; focus of research; first and last author country of origin; collaboration type between high-, middle- and low-income countries; journal title; journal country; methodology; and level of evidence. RESULTS: A total of 27 articles published from 1965 to 2020 were found in the search with 26 having a single focus of research and one multiple foci. The highest focus of research was osteoporosis with six articles (22%), while trauma was second with five articles (19%). A majority, 19/27 (70%), of studies had a first author from Zimbabwe, while a plurality, 10/27 (37%), had a Zimbabwean last author. Most collaborations, 12/27 (44%), were high-income-low-income countries, with most studies being concomitantly published in the United States, 13/27 (48%). Cross-sectional descriptive studies represented the most common methodology with 13/27 articles carried out in this method (48%). The majority of these articles, 14/27 (52%), represented a low level of evidence at level 4, while 11/27 articles (41%) of articles were of a high level of evidence (levels 1 or 2). CONCLUSION: There is a limited amount of published orthopaedic surgery research work from Zimbabwe, highlighting the need for more and higher quality research from Zimbabwe. Among different models, partnerships between Zimbabwean researchers and researchers from other international institutions appear to be the most productive in terms of research output and hence should be replicated more broadly. Level of evidence: Level 4

University-industry collaboration (UIC) is increasingly seen as an important driver of economic growth, but knowledge on its implementation mechanisms is still limited especially in developing countries. This constrains the capacity of those countries to design adequate policies and strategies to foster such interactions. This paper provides information about the extent to which academic staff from Tertiary Education Institutions (TEIs) in Rwanda interact with industry. It identifies the factors underlying their propensity to engage in interactions and the barriers or challenges faced. Data were collected from 334 academic staff permanently employed by 17 Higher Education Institutions in Rwanda. Results indicate a low level of interaction except in some informal channels arguably less inclined to foster relational learning and knowledge creation. Regression analyses indicated that the type of institution and the academic grades are significantly associated with the propensity of academic staff to interact with industry. In addition, four main barriers to interaction are identified and they are all linked to poor support from the government and the universities. Therefore, the study recommends the elaboration of explicit policies and strategies at country and institutional levels to set the stage for such indispensable interactions.

A total of 1 917 publications of drinking water research in Africa from 1991 to 2013 were identified from the data hosted in online version of SCI-Expanded, Thomson Reuters Web of Science, for bibliometric analysis. The analysis included publication output, distribution of keywords, journals and subject areas, and performances of countries, institutions, and authors. Citation trends and highly-cited publications are also reported. We found that the publication output of related documents increased over the entire period of study. The results showed that ‘water’, ‘drinking water’, and ‘oxidative stress’ were the most frequent terms in publication titles, authors’ keywords and KeyWords Plus. The top three subject areas were ‘water resources’, ‘environmental science’, and ‘environmental and occupational public health’. The ten most productive institutions were located in South Africa and Egypt, and the University of Pretoria was the overall most productive institution. Thus, a quarter of all of the articles published were from South Africa. It was found that articles became increasingly collaborative with greater numbers of authors, page counts and bibliographies. More than half of the internationally collaborative articles were co-authored with researchers from Europe. French and US institutions contributed to the highest number of collaborative articles. Keywords: Africa, bibliometric review, drinking water, publications, research collaborations, water research