1. Association Between Immunoglobulin E Levels and Kaposi Sarcoma in African Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
- Author
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Byakwaga, Helen, Barbachano-Guerrero, Arturo, Wang, Dongliang, McAllister, Shane, Naphri, Kamal, Laker-Oketta, Miriam, Muzoora, Conrad, Hunt, Peter W, Martin, Jeffrey, and King, Christine A
- Subjects
Medical Microbiology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,HIV/AIDS ,Cancer ,Rare Diseases ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Sexually Transmitted Infections ,Infectious Diseases ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Infection ,Inflammatory and immune system ,Adult ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Case-Control Studies ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,HIV Infections ,Humans ,Immunoglobulin E ,Interleukin-33 ,Male ,Sarcoma ,Kaposi ,Severity of Illness Index ,Uganda ,mast cell ,KSHV ,IL-33 ,Kaposi sarcoma ,HIV ,Africa ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Microbiology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
It has been demonstrated that activated mast cells (MCs) are enriched in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) tumors and contribute to the inflammatory microenvironment. Mechanisms driving MC activation, however, are incompletely understood. We sought to understand whether immunoglobulin E (IgE), a potent activator of MCs, was associated with KS incidence and severity. In a cross-sectional study of untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults with or without KS in Uganda, we found that patients with KS had higher plasma IgE levels than those without KS. After adjustment for age, sex, CD4+ T-cell count, and HIV RNA levels, there was a dose-response relationship between plasma IgE levels and the presence and severity of KS. Higher eosinophil counts were also associated with IgE levels, and plasma interleukin 33 concentrations were higher in individuals with KS. These findings suggest that IgE-driven atopic inflammation may contribute the pathogenesis of KS. Therapies targeting IgE-mediated MC activation thus might represent a novel approach for treatment or prevention of KS.
- Published
- 2021