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3 results on '"Safara M"'

1. In vitro susceptibility of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains to conventional antifungal agents.

Author

Fattahi A, Zaini F, Kordbacheh P, Hashemi SJ, Mahmoudi M, and Safara M

Subjects
Aspergillus flavus chemistry, Aspergillus flavus classification, Aspergillus flavus isolation & purification, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Iran, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Aflatoxins analysis, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Aspergillus flavus drug effects
Abstract

Presently appearance of resistance to antifungal agents among Aspergillus species is dramatically increasing. The objective of this study was to look at the in vitro activities of antifungal drugs against Iranian clinical (from nail, bronchoalveolar lavage, paranasal sinus) isolated A. flavus strains. The susceptibility of 45 aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains were evaluated to six antifungal agents (caspofungin, itraconazole, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole, nystatin) using CLSI M38-A2 broth microdilution method. The results indicated that 57.1%, 28.6% of aflatoxigenic and 25.8%, 6.5% of non-aflatoxigenic isolates were susceptible to caspofungin, amphotericin B respectively. All isolates but one aflatoxigenic strain were sensitive to ketoconazole. All 45 strains showed to be resistant to nystatin. Also 64.28%, 92.9% of aflatoxigenic and 64.51%, 100% of non-aflatoxigenic isolates were resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole in ranking order. There was no statistically significant difference between the susceptibilities of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of A. flavus to tested antifungal agents., (© 2012 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.)

Published
2012

2. Aflatoxin Detoxification in Rice using Citric Acid.

Author

Safara, M., Zaini, F., Hashemi, S. J., Mahmoudi, M., Khosravi, A. R., and Shojai-Aliabadi, F.

Abstract

Background: Aflatoxins cause health hazards to human and animals and has also economical problems. Therefore, the detoxification effect of citric acid was investigated in rice as the main food of Iranian people. Methods: Initially 275 samples of rice were examined for aflatoxins by HPLC. The aflatoxins contaminated samples were later treated by aqueous citric acid and detoxification of aflatoxins were quantified using HPLC. Results: Among the 275 samples analyzed, aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 were detected in 211(76.72% of total) samples. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 203(73.82% of total) samples with a mean and standard deviation of 2.3±10.21ppb. Aflatoxin B2 together with aflatoxin B1 were detected in only 8(2.91% of total) samples with a mean and standard deviation of 1.38±2.7ppb of aflatoxin B2 and 2.99±1.56 of aflatoxin B1 respectively. Aflatoxin B1 level in 5 samples (1.82%) was above the maximum tolerated level of aflatoxin B1 in Iran (5ppb). However considering the Iranian maximum tolerated level for aflatoxins in rice (30ppb), only 3(1.09%) samples were above the 30ppb and also in regard to the European maximum tolerated level for aflatoxins in rice (4ppb), only 9(3.27%) samples were considered as higher than 4ppb. Conclusion: The HPLC assay showed that although aflatoxins with a concentration of <30 and <4 ppb in the rice samples were completely degraded, but 97.22% degradation occurred in rice contaminated with ⩾30 and ⩾4ppb when treated with 1N citric acid. These results revealed the efficacy of 1N citric acid in reducing aflatoxins levels in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

3. Aflatoxin Detoxification in Rice using Citric Acid

Author

Safara M, Zaini F, Hashemi S, Mahmoudi M, Ali Reza Khosravi, and Shojai-Aliabadi F

Subjects
Aflatoxin B1, Aflatoxins, Aflatoxin B2, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, Original Article, heterocyclic compounds, lcsh:RA1-1270, Iran, Detoxification, biological factors, Citric Acid
Abstract

Background: Aflatoxins cause health hazards to human and animals and has also economical problems. Therefore, the detoxification effect of citric acid was investigated in rice as the main food of Iranian people.Methods: Initially 275 samples of rice were examined for aflatoxins by HPLC. The aflatoxins contaminated samples were later treated by aqueous citric acid and detoxification of aflatoxins were quantified using HPLC.Results: Among the 275 samples analyzed, aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 were detected in 211(76.72% of total) samples. Afla­toxin B1 was detected in 203(73.82% of total) samples with a mean and standard deviation of 2.3±10.21ppb. Aflatoxin B2 together with aflatoxin B1 were detected in only 8(2.91% of total) samples with a mean and standard deviation of 1.38±2.7ppb of aflatoxin B2 and 2.99±1.56 of aflatoxin B1 respectively. Aflatoxin B1 level in 5 samples (1.82%) was above the maximum tolerated level of aflatoxin B1 in Iran (5ppb). However considering the Iranian maximum tolerated level for aflatox­ins in rice (30ppb), only 3(1.09%) samples were above the 30ppb and also in regard to the European maximum tolerated level for aflatoxins in rice (4ppb), only 9(3.27%) samples were considered as higher than 4ppb.Conclusion: The HPLC assay showed that although aflatoxins with a concentration of

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