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目的 比较诱导化疗联合或不联合自体造血干细胞移植（auto-HSCT）治疗初治年轻弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者的疗效。 方法 回顾性分析90例年龄≤60岁、年龄调整的国际预后指数（aa-IPI）≥2分的初治DLBCL患者的临床资料，根据治疗方案将患者分为R-CHOP组（32例，利妥昔单抗联合CHOP方案化疗）、增强免疫化疗组（25例，利妥昔单抗联合EPOCH、Hyper-CVAD/R-MA或ESHAP方案化疗）和auto-HSCT组（33例，增强免疫化疗序贯auto-HSCT），进行疗效及相关预后因素分析。 结果 ①90例患者中男40例（44.4%）、女50例（55.6%），中位年龄43（18~60）岁，中位随访时间42（3~110）个月。②R-CHOP组、增强免疫化疗组、auto-HSCT组5年无进展生存（PFS）率分别为（33.5±10.7）%、（55.3±10.1）%、（65.8±13.6）%（P=0.012），5年总生存（OS）率分别为（49.7±9.0）%、（61.6±10.2）%、（78.6±7.8）%（P=0.035）。R-CHOP组与增强免疫化疗组比较，5年PFS、OS率差异均无统计学意义（P=0.519，P=0.437）；auto-HSCT组5年PFS率高于增强免疫化疗组（P=0.042）。③auto-HSCT组IPI分层高危患者（26例）、R-CHOP组低危患者（12例）、增强免疫化疗组低危患者（8例）的5年PFS率分别为（62.3±14.3）%、（58.3±18.6）%、（51.4±18.7）%（P=0.686），5年OS率分别为（69.2±13.9）%、（62.5±15.5）%、（58.3±18.6）%（P=0.592）。④高危患者比较，auto-HSCT组（26例）较R-CHOP组（20例）、增强免疫化疗组（17例）有更高的5年PFS率[（62.3±14.3）%、（41.1±13.5）%、（21.9±11.6）%，P=0.002]和5年OS率[（69.2±13.9）%、（51.5%±14.0）%、（35.4±13.6）%，P=0.019]。⑤R-CHOP组生发中心来源（GCB）亚型（16例）患者3年PFS、OS率均高于非生发中心来源（non-GCB）亚型患者（16例）（P=0.030，P=0.041）；增强免疫化疗组GCB亚型患者（12例）3年PFS、OS亦高于non-GCB亚型患者（13例）（P=0.044，P=0.047）；auto-HSCT组GCB亚型（15例）、non-GCB亚型患者（18例）3年PFS、OS率差异均无统计学意义（P=0.199，P=0.093）。⑥多因素结果分析显示，细胞来源（GCB/non-GCB）是影响R-CHOP组[PFS：HR=0.274（95% CI 0.094~0.800），P=0.018；OS：HR=0.408（95% CI 0.164~1.015），P=0.045]和增强免疫化疗组[PFS：HR=0.423（95% CI 0.043~1.152），P=0.048；OS：HR=5.758（95%CI 0.882~6.592），P=0.035]PFS率、OS率的独立预后因素，但不是影响auto-HSCT组PFS率、OS率的独立预后因素。 结论 增强免疫化疗序贯auto-HSCT可改善年轻初治高危DLBCL患者（特别是non-GCB亚型）的预后。

This is a study about objective parameters of Syndrome Differentiation of diabetic nephropathy (DN) using radio immunoassay (RIA) technique. The result showed that beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-mG), alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-mG) in blood rose significantly in both groups. The group of Spleen-Kidney Deficiency and Qi-Blood Deficiency as well as the group of Yang Deficiency caused edema and upward gush of turbid Yin, there was significant difference between two groups, also there was significant difference between the two groups in measuring on atrial natriuretic factor (ANP), pancreatic glucagon (PG) in blood and beta 2-mG. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), albumin (Alb), secretory immunoglobulin A(SIg A) in urine. So above-mentioned parameters offered us some objective data on Syndrome Differentiation of DN. It is vital in guiding the Syndrome Differentiation and treatment of DN.

Alveolar hydatid disease occurs frequently in Xiji County of Ningxia. 80 cases of the disease were treated orally with albendazole from 1985 to 1988 and the short-term results proved satisfactory. The treatment consisted of two groups. Group I included 72 cases which were orally given 8-10 mg/kg.d of albendazole 2 to 3 times a day after each meal for 30 days and then stop taking the medicine for 10 days as one treatment course. The treatment continued 3-12 months comprising about 24 courses were given with the highest dosage of 412g. Group II included 8 cases who were given 15.6-20 mg/kg.d of the medicine for 14 days (one course) and every two weeks with a 10 days interval. The treatment of group II continued 3-6 months which totalled 19-24 courses with the highest dosage of 270g. All the treated patients tolerate well except that a few of them felt giddy and had diarrhoea which disappeared after the withdrawal of medicine. Through 3-5 years, follow-up observation, it was found that the gener alsymptoms of the treated patients improved and their body weight increased by 2-9.5 kg, some of them could take part in light physical labour. The jaundice index in 80% of them returned to normal. SGPT in 86.4% decreased to within normal range. The enlarged livers in half of the patients decreased by 1-6 cm. 23.7% of the patients were reexamined by B ultrasound scanning which revealed that their enlarged liver reduced in size while the liquifaction area and the shadows of calcification in the livers in 42.5% patients increased obviously.

Different methods of ovum pick-up were used in an IVF program from January 1, 1988 to January 31, 1989. In the initial stage of the program, laparotomy ovum pick-up with surgical treatment of pelvic diseases resulted in two cases of clinical pregnancy in 1987 with full-term delivery of two healthy babies. Transvaginal ovum pick-up with a needle using an ultrasonic endovaginal transducer was started in late 1987. In 1988-1989 the transvaginal method was employed more frequently than laparotomy, and it has become a routine practice in the IVF program. The ultrasonic endovaginal approach seemed to give a low ovum recovery rate (70.99%), but the fertilization rate was high (85.10%, P less than 0.05), and the rate of embryo transfer was 89.33%. The average number of pre-embryo per transfer was 2.26. These figures were quite similar in the two groups. The ultrasonic transvaginal approach for egg retrieval was noninvasive, easily accepted by patients. We suggest that it can be done repeatedly on one patient to improve the cumulative pregnancy rate. However, the laparotomy for ovum pick-up has shown some special merits and is still indicated in some cases.