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The experiment has provided evidence for the safe use of 0.1% aqueous sodium hypochlorite for ocular tissues and for its therapeutic efficacy in purulent keratitis. The therapeutic effect is achieved by accelerating the lysis of neurotic tissues, by suppressing the pathogenic microflora, by alleviating an inflammatory reaction, by stimulating epithelization and reparative regeneration, by activating the phagocytic properties of neutrophilic leukocytes by 1.8-times, by increasing their functional reserves by 1.3 times as compared to the similar parameters observed in the use of conventional treatments.

The corneal neurotrophic status was evaluated in 110 patients (220 eyes) with diabetes mellitus and in 20 normal controls (40 eyes). Corneal abnormalities (gerontoxon, limb vascularization, punctate keratopathy, endothelial dystrophy, relapsing erosion, corneal ulcers) were detected in 73.6% diabetics. Corneal changes depended on the type, duration, and compensation of diabetes mellitus. Based on the diagnostic markers (threshold sensitivity of the cornea, microcirculatory status, bulbar conjunctiva status, level of lacrimal production, cellular composition of the limb smears impressions, lacrimal levels of catecholamines, hydroperoxides, and lipids), three types of diabetic neuropathy of the cornea were distinguished: vegetative, sensory, and vegetosensory. Corneal changes were associated with signs of diabetic neuropathy in 55.6% cases and with autonomic nervous disorders of the cardiovascular system in 46.9% cases, which evidences a generalized involvement. The detected neurotrophic features of the cornea should be borne in mind when choosing pathogenetic therapy for diabetics with corneal complications and preparing the patients to ocular surgery.

Transcapillary metabolism of the retina and effects of triglycerides on the transcapillary function of the retina in diabetes mellitus were examined in 79 patients (mean age 45.4 +/- 3 years) with various stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by fluorometry of the vitreous body. The filtration in the blood-retina direction was 1.2-1.3 times higher than in the control as early as during the functional and preclinical stages of DR, and the coefficient of fluorescein withdrawal from the vitreous body was 4.5 to 6.2% decreased. As DR progressed, the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier in the blood-retina direction increased and the discharge from the retina to the blood was decelerated, which was confirmed by a progressive prolongation of diffusion of 0.1 ml of 1% fluorescein solution injected subconjunctivally: from 1.3 +/- 0.2 and 1.4 +/- 0.5 h in the functional and preclinical stages, respectively, to 2.7 +/- 0.3 h in the proliferative stage of DR versus 1.05 +/- 0.01 h in the control. The level of serum triglycerides and coefficients of fluorescein entry in and withdrawal from the vitreous body, time of papule diffusion, and vascular changes in the microcirculatory vessels reliably correlated.

The paper analyses results after medicamentous treatment of 181 patients with senile macular dystrophies, using methods of pharmacologic correction of sympathetic-adrenal (phosphaden, pyridoxine, ethymisole, ascorbic acid), callicreine-kinin (andecaline, paramidine, cinnarisine) activities and methods of traditional therapy consisting of vasodilative, antisclerotic preparations, vitamins and biostimulants. The comparative analysis has shown that the above preparations normalize KA metabolism and processes of kininogenesis. Stabilization of the dystrophic process is achieved in 82.6% of cases as compared with 71.4% of patients treated by traditional methods; the duration of the therapeutic effect after one course of treatment increases by 3-4 months; the incidence of appearance of transudative-hemorrhagic changes in the central segments of the eye fundus in the presence of atrophic dystrophies of the retina decreases by three times.