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Fiber-modified asphalt has excellent road performance, but the mechanism of this enhancement still requires deeper understanding. Herein, the interfacial interaction between fibers and asphalt is explored using an adsorption kinetic model with the adsorption of fibers on the four components of asphalt as a criterion. The proposed pseudo-first-order kinetic model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were developed using aramid fibers (AF) and AF-polydopamine (PDA)-octadecylamine (ODA) (AF-PDA-ODA), which were prepared by grafting ODA onto AF with PDA and nacre fibers and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the modified fibers exhibit physical and chemical cross-linking with the four components of asphalt, which facilitated the uniform distribution of fiber and effectively improved its compatibility with asphalt. This led to the formation of an excellent network structure that consequently boosted the rheological properties of the modified-fiber-incorporated asphalt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]