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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are class of porous coordination polymers made up of organic building blocks joined together by covalent bonding through thermodynamic and controlled reversible polymerization reactions. This review discussed versatile applications of COFs for remediation of wastewater containing dyes, emphasizing the advantages of both pristine and modified materials in adsorption, membrane separation, and advanced oxidations processes. The excellent performance of COFs towards adsorption and membrane filtration has been centered to their higher crystallinity and porosity, exhibiting exceptionally high surface area, pore size and pore volumes. Thus, they provide more active sites for trapping the dye molecules. On one hand, the photocatalytic performance of the COFs was attributed to their semiconducting properties, and when coupled with other functional semiconducting materials, they achieve good mechanical and thermal stabilities, positive light response, and narrow band gap, a typical characteristic of excellent photocatalysts. As such, COFs and their composites have demonstrated excellent potentialities for the elimination of the dyes. [Display omitted] • Dyes as hazardous pollutants in wastewater. • Recent advancements in COFs applications for dyes remediation. • Perspectives and challenges of COFs for dyes remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frequent detection of terbutaline in wastewater highlights its potential risks to human health associated in the environment. Exposure to terbutaline through contaminated water sources or food chain have adverse effects to human health. This work emphasized on the removal of terbutaline from wastewater using adsorption technology. Mechanochemically synthesized [Cu(INA) 2 ] metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and its magnetic composite ([Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF@Fe 3 O 4) are designed with higher specific surface areas and tailored features to accommodate the molecular size and structure of terbutaline. Thus, batch experiment has been conducted using the [Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF and [Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF@Fe 3 O 4 for the terbutaline adsorption. The adsorption efficiency achieved by the MOFs was 91.8% and 99.3% for the Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF and [Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF@Fe 3 O 4 respectively. The optimum for the adsorption study included terbutaline concentration of 40 mg/L, adsorbent dose of 5 mg/L, pH of 11, temperature of 25 °C and equilibrium time of 40 min. The kinetics and isotherms have been described by pseudo-second order and Langmuir models, while the thermodynamics revealed the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the process. The promising performance of the MOFs is manifested on the ease of regeneration and reusability, achieving adsorption efficiency of 85.0% and 94.7% by the Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF and [Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOF@Fe 3 O 4 , respectively at five consecutive cycles. The higher performance of the MOFs demonstrates their excellent potentialities for the terbutaline adsorption from the aqueous solution. • Effective mechanochemical synthesis of [Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOFs and [Cu(INA) 2 ]-MOFs@Fe 2 O 3. • High performance of MOFs to remove terbutaline β-agonists via adsorption process. • Optimization of adsorptive parameters to enhance removal of terbutaline β-agonists. • Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies of terbutaline β-agonists adsorption. • Facile regeneration and effective reusability of spent MOFs for recyclable use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]