16 results on '"Revisión sistemática"'
Search Results
2. Gamification and neurological motor rehabilitation in children and adolescents: a systematic review
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M. Pimentel-Ponce, R.P. Romero-Galisteo, R. Palomo-Carrión, E. Pinero-Pinto, J. Antonio Merchán-Baeza, M. Ruiz-Muñoz, J. Oliver-Pece, and M. González-Sánchez
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Niño ,Adolescente ,Rehabilitación neurológica ,Videojuego ,Revisión sistemática ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Introduction: Gamification consists of the use of games in non-playful contexts. It is widely employed in the motor rehabilitation of neurological diseases, but mainly in adult patients. The objective of this review was to describe the use of gamification in the rehabilitation of children and adolescents with neuromotor impairment. Methods: We performed a systematic review of clinical trials published to date on the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scielo, SCOPUS, Dialnet, CINAHL, and PEDro databases, following the PRISMA protocol. The methodological quality of the studies identified was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: From a total of 469 studies, 11 clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. We analysed the gamification systems used as part of the rehabilitation treatment of different neuromotor conditions in children and adolescents. Cerebral palsy was the most frequently studied condition (6 studies), followed by developmental coordination disorder (3), neurological gait disorders (1), and neurological impairment of balance and coordination (1). Conclusion: The use of gamification in rehabilitation is helpful in the conventional treatment of neuromotor disorders in children and adolescents, with increased motivation and therapeutic adherence being the benefits with the greatest consensus among authors. While strength, balance, functional status, and coordination also appear to improve, future research should aim to determine an optimal dosage. Resumen: Introducción: La ludificación consiste en emplear el juego en contextos no lúdicos. Su uso en la rehabilitación motora de patologías neurológicas está muy extendido, pero sobre todo en pacientes adultos. El objetivo de esta revisión fue describir el uso de la ludificación en los tratamientos de rehabilitación en niños y adolescentes con afectación neuromotora. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos en diferentes bases de datos: Medline (a través de Pubmed), Scielo, SCOPUS, Dialnet, Cinahl y PEDro de la literatura científica publicada hasta la fecha siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA. La calidad metodológica de los estudios identificados se evaluó a través de la escala PEDro. Resultados: De un total de 469 estudios localizados se seleccionaron 11 ensayos clínicos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se analizaron los sistemas de ludificación utilizados como parte del tratamiento rehabilitador en distintas afecciones neuromotoras en niños y adolescentes. La Parálisis Cerebral fue la afección con mayor número de estudios (n = 6) seguida del Trastorno del Desarrollo de la Coordinación (n = 3). También se estudió la alteración de la marcha por causa neurológica (n = 1) y la alteración del equilibrio y coordinación por causa neurológica (n = 1). Conclusión: El uso de la ludificación en rehabilitación aporta beneficios al tratamiento convencional de las alteraciones neuromotoras en niños y adolescentes siendo el incremento de la motivación y adherencia terapéutica los que mayor consenso han alcanzado entre autores. Fuerza, equilibrio, funcionalidad y coordinación son otras variables analizadas que, si bien sugieren mejoras, necesitarían futuras investigaciones para determinar una óptima dosificación.
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- 2024
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3. SELF-MUTILATION AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS.
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Bezerra, Kalyne Araújo, Nascimento, Fihama Pires, Nóbrega, Igor de Sousa, Nascimento de Araújo-Monteiro, Gleicy Karine, dos Santos-Rodrigues, Renata Clemente, and de Castro Marcolino, Emanuella
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RISK assessment ,FAMILY conflict ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,META-analysis ,DISEASE prevalence ,SELF-mutilation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,CRIME victims ,SUICIDAL behavior ,BULLYING ,ONLINE information services ,SOCIAL stigma ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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4. Efectividad de intervenciones de ejercicio físico en adolescentes con hipertensión y obesidad: revisión sistemática
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Enrique Jair de la Cruz Bernabé, Arnulfo Ramos-Jimenez, and Velia Margarita Cardenas Villarreal
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adolescente ,ejercicio ,hipertension ,revisión sistemática ,Medicine - Abstract
Objetivo: Identificar intervenciones de ejercicio físico, dirigidas a disminuir valores de presión arterial en adolescentes con hipertensión y obesidad. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorios y estudios cuasiexperimentales bajo los criterios de PRISMA, consultados en las bases de datos PubMed, EBSCO (Academic Search Complete, Academic Search Elite, Fuente académica, Medic Latina), Web of Science, Ovid, Cochrane Library y Scopus. Resultados: Se incluyeron 3 estudios publicados en adolescentes de 14 a 19 años. En dos estudios se aplicaron ejercicio aeróbico con sesiones de 50 minutos diarios durante cuatro y seis meses. En el tercer estudio se combinó ejercicio aeróbico y resistencia muscular con sesiones de 60 minutos, tres días a la semana por tres meses. En las tres intervenciones hubo disminución de valores de presión arterial significativas, sin embargo, la intervención que combinó ejercicio aeróbico y de resistencia muscular, mostró mayor disminución de valores de presión arterial. Conclusiones: La combinación del ejercicio aeróbico y de resistencia muscular parece ser prometedor para la prevención y tratamiento de hipertensión en adolescentes con obesidad. Se necesita la implementación de más estudios para confirmar estos resultados, ya que el número de artículos encontrados es limitado.
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- 2020
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5. Intervenciones para la prevención del suicidio en adolescentes y jóvenes. Revisión sistemática
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Alexis Soto Salcedo, Patricia Villarroel Gruner, Alex Véliz Burgos, Germán Moreno Leiva, and Juan Guillermo Estay Sepúlveda
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suicidio ,intento de suicidio ,revisión sistemática ,adolescente ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
El suicido en adolescentes y jóvenes constituye un problema de salud mental pública que requiere el desarrollo de los correspondientes programas de intervención. Al respecto, se hizo un estudio de sistematización bibliográfica con enfoque cualitativo, empleando una estrategia de tipo PICO y los lineamientos básicos del modelo PRISMA. Se partió de la identificación de 237 artículos y luego de aplicar los diferentes filtros de selección se incluyeron 30 de estos. Los autores concluyeron que los programas de intervención en poblaciones con factores de riesgo y que se realizan en ambientes con mayor posibilidad de control, tales como: áreas de hospitalización y entornos escolares, incrementan sus probabilidades de efectividad en la disminución de la ideación y conducta suicida.
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- 2021
6. A systematic review of the prevalence of selected sexually transmitted infections in young people in Latin America.
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Vallejo-Ortega, María Teresa, Gaitán Duarte, Hernando, Mello, Maeve B., Caffe, Sonja, and Perez, Freddy
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SYPHILIS epidemiology , *EPIDEMIOLOGY of sexually transmitted diseases , *PAPILLOMAVIRUSES , *GONORRHEA , *META-analysis , *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *SEXUALLY transmitted diseases , *NEISSERIA , *PAPILLOMAVIRUS diseases , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHLAMYDIA trachomatis , *MEDLINE , *DATA analysis software , *CHLAMYDIA infections - Abstract
Objective. To estimate the burden of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Treponema pallidum (TP), and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among people aged 10 to 25 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Methods. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS databases were searched, as well as documents from regional organizations or national health Institutions. Population-based studies that reported prevalence or incidence of CT, NG, TP, and HPV detected through confirmatory tests in adolescents and young people were included. Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled estimators were calculated in cases where heterogeneity was <70%; when not feasible, prevalence ranges were reported. Results. Out of a total of 3 583 references, 15 prevalence studies complied with the inclusion criteria. Due to substantial heterogeneity (>70%), it was not possible to pool frequency estimators. Among the general population, the prevalence of CT infection ranged between 2.1% and 30.1% (9 studies, 5 670 participants); for NG, prevalence ranged between 0% and 2.9% (8 studies, 5 855 participants); for TP, prevalence varied between 0% and 0.7% (3 studies, 11 208 participants), and for HPV infection, prevalence ranged between 25.1% and 55.6% (8 studies, 3 831 participants). Conclusions. Reliable, population-based data on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in adolescents and youth in Latin America and the Caribbean are limited. Additional studies are needed to better understand the burden of STIs in this population. However, given the substantial prevalence of STIs detected, countries need public health policies for prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of STIs in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Factors Associated with School Failure in High School: Theses/Dissertations Analysis.
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Roloff Dias, Maikele and Jacques Bossi, Tatiele
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HIGH schools , *TEENAGERS , *TEACHER education , *TEACHER educators , *ELEMENTARY schools , *SCHOOL failure - Abstract
The topic of academic failure, especially among high school adolescents, is quite complex, but has been the focus of few studies compared to the elementary school stage. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the phenomenon of school failure in high school from a systematic review of theses and dissertations (search period from 2013 to 2019). Eight studies (2 dissertations and 6 theses) were selected and submitted to qualitative content analysis, based on three thematic categories: sample characterization, methodological characteristics, and factors associated with the phenomenon of school failure. The results suggest a predominance of conceptions that blame the student and his family for the academic failure experienced, so that the implications of teachers and the education system are briefly highlighted. This refers to the difficulties in thinking about the phenomenon of school failure beyond what is immediately present in the school's daily life. Regarding methodological aspects, the studies were mostly qualitative and cross-sectional. The need for further investigation on the theme in Brazil is discussed in order to give more visibility to this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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8. THE EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF ATHLETES IN YOUTH OLYMPIC GAMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
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Lopes de Souza, Adriano and Tavares, Otávio
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OLYMPIC Games ,SPORTS competitions ,ADOLESCENCE ,SOCIAL learning ,ELITE athletes - Abstract
Copyright of Movimento (0104754X) is the property of Movimento, da Escola de Educacao, Fisica, Fisioterapia e Danca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2020
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9. Vaccination coverage, beliefs, and attitudes in transplanted children and adolescents: a mixed-methods systematic review
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Herrero-Diez, María Teresa and Catalá-López, Ferrán
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Vacunas ,Transplantation ,Vaccines ,Vaccination Coverage ,Adolescent ,Immunization Programs ,Vaccination ,Programas de Inmunización ,Revisión Sistemática ,Hepatitis B ,Attitude ,Spain ,Niño ,Trasplante ,Humans ,Systematic Review ,Child ,Adolescente ,Measles - Abstract
[ES] Objetivo: Las enfermedades infecciosas prevenibles mediante vacunación son una causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en niños trasplantados. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue sintetizar la evidencia disponible de la cobertura vacunal en niños y adolescentes candidatos o receptores de trasplante y analizar las creencias, actitudes y experiencias acerca de la vacunación. Metodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de métodos mixtos (registro Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/auqn3/). Se llevaron a cabo búsquedas en PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, IBECS y LILACS (desde enero de 2000 hasta agosto de 2021) y en literatura gris. Los estudios cuantitativos y cualitativos informaron sobre cobertura, creencias, actitudes y/o experiencias con respecto a cualquier vacuna recomendada en niños candidatos o receptores de trasplante de órganos sólidos y/o progenitores hematopoyéticos. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica mediante la herramienta MMAT (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool). Se llevó a cabo una síntesis narrativa de los estudios. Resultados: Se incluyeron treinta y dos estudios disponibles en treinta y cinco publicaciones. Las intervenciones más estudiadas fueron las vacunas frente a sarampión (n=21; 66%) y hepatitis B (n=20; 62%). Las tasas de inmunización mostraron una alta variabilidad para las vacunas más representadas (concretamente, 2%-100% en sarampión, 0,4%-100% en hepatitis B, difteria-tétanos-tosferina y rubeola), con coberturas inferiores al 90% en al menos el 70% de los estudios. Los valores más bajos se registraron en situación postrasplante y trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos. Sólo se identificó un estudio cualitativo que incluyó información sobre creencias y/o actitudes, aunque nueve estudios cuantitativos exploraron aspectos cognitivos. Conclusiones: Esta revisión muestra una elevada variabilidad en la cobertura vacunal de niños candidatos o receptores de trasplante, con cifras generalmente inferiores a las recomendadas. Sería necesario desarrollar más estudios que contribuyan a identificar creencias y actitudes sobre inmunización en este contexto. [EN] Objective: Vaccine-preventable infectious diseases are a cause of morbidity and mortality in transplanted children. The main objective of this study was to synthesize the available evidence of vaccination coverage in children and adolescents who are candidates or transplant recipients and to analyze beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about vaccination. Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was performed (Open Science Framework registration: https://osf.io/auqn3/). Searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, IBECS and LILACS (from January 2000 to August 2021) and in gray literature. Quantitative and qualitative studies reported information on coverage, beliefs, attitudes and/or experiences about recommended vaccines in children who are candidates or recipients of solid organ or hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. Quality assessment was undertaken using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A narrative synthesis of the studies was carried out. Results: A total of thirty-two studies in thirty-five publications were included. The most studied interventions were vaccines against measles (n=21; 66%) and hepatitis B (n=20; 62%). Vaccination rates showed a high variability for the most represented vaccines (specifically, 2%-100% for measles, 0.4%-100% for hepatitis B, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis and rubella), with coverages lower than 90% in at least 70% of the studies. The lowest rates were reported in post-transplantation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Only one qualitative study was identified reporting information on beliefs and/or attitudes, although nine quantitative studies explored cognitive aspects. Conclusions: This review shows a high variability in vaccination coverage in children and adolescents who are transplant candidates or recipients, with rates lower than those recommended. Further studies would be needed to identify beliefs and attitudes about immunization in this context. Sí
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- 2023
10. SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN CHILDREN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
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Ribeiro Canabrava, Karina Lúcia, dos Santos Amorim, Paulo Roberto, Neves Miranda, Valter Paulo, Eloiza Priore, Silvia, and do Carmo Castro, Sylvia
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SEDENTARY behavior ,CHRONIC diseases ,PHYSICAL activity ,TEENAGERS ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2019
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11. AUTOMUTILAÇÃO ENTRE ADOLESCENTES: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA COM METANÁLISE
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Kalyne Araújo Bezerra, Fihama Pires Nascimento, Igor de Sousa Nóbrega, Gleicy Karine Nascimento de Araújo-Monteiro, Renata Clemente dos Santos-Rodrigues, and Emanuella de Castro Marcolino
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Cuidado de enfermería ,Adolescent ,Revisión sistemática ,Self-Destructive Behavior ,Violence ,Automutilación ,Saúde mental ,Salud mental ,Mental Health ,Automutilação ,Revisão sistemática ,Prevalence ,Violencia ,Nursing Care ,Prevalência ,Systematic Review ,Cuidados de enfermagem ,Prevalencia ,Self-Mutilation ,Comportamiento autodestructivo ,Adolescente ,Violência ,Comportamento autodestrutivo ,General Nursing - Abstract
Objective: to estimate the prevalence of self-mutilation among adolescents and the factors that influence it. Method: this is a systematic review with meta-analysis. The search was carried out October 2021 in the following databases: SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE and PubMed databases, with the descriptors “Adolescente” and “Comportamento autodestrutivo” and “Adolescent” and “Self-destructive behavior”, combined by the Boolean operator “AND.” We included studies published between 2015 and 2021, quantitative, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, available in full. We excluded documents that did not contain the amount referring to adolescents who practiced self-mutilation, duplicate and review studies. Study selection was performed by pairs, removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, reading titles, abstracts and full text. In the end, the sample consisted of 86 studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the R software through the elaboration of forest plot, heterogeneity test, funnel test and Egger’s test. Results: the prevalence of self-mutilation among adolescents averaged 21%, with the United States standing out with the highest percentage. Among the identified factors, older adolescents, female, economically disadvantaged, who experience family conflicts, with parents with low education, victims of violence and bullying and who have friends with suicidal behavior stood out. Conclusion: self-mutilation is socially determined so that its prevalence varies according to the integration between different factors. In this context, it is necessary for nursing professionals to offer emotional support to adolescents and their families. RESUMEN Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de automutilación entre adolescentes y los factores que influyen en ella. Método: revisión sistemática con metanálisis. La búsqueda se realizó en el mes de octubre de 2021 en las bases de datos SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE y PubMed, con los descriptores “Adolescente” y “Comportamiento autodestructivo” y “Adolescent” y “Self-destructive behavior”, combinados por el operador booleano “AND”. Se incluyeron estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2021, cuantitativos, en portugués, inglés y español, disponibles en su totalidad, y documentos que no contenían lo cuantitativo referente a adolescentes que practicaron automutilación, estudios duplicados y de revisión. La selección de estudios se realizó por parejas a partir de la remoción de duplicados y la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, lectura de títulos, resúmenes y texto completo. Al final, la muestra estuvo compuesta por 86 estudios. El metanálisis se realizó mediante el software R mediante la elaboración del forest plot, prueba de heterogeneidad, prueba de embudo y prueba de Egger. Resultados: la prevalencia de automutilación entre adolescentes presentó un promedio de 21%, destacándose Estados Unidos con el mayor porcentaje. Entre los factores identificados, se destacaron los adolescentes mayores, del sexo femenino, en desventaja económica, que viven conflictos familiares, con padres con baja escolaridad, víctimas de violencia y bullying y que tienen amigos con conducta suicida. Conclusión: la automutilación está socialmente determinada, por lo que su prevalencia varía según la integración entre diferentes factores. En ese contexto, es necesario que el profesional de enfermería brinde apoyo emocional a los adolescentes y sus familias. RESUMO Objetivo: estimar a prevalência da automutilação entre os adolescentes e os fatores que a influenciam. Método: revisão sistemática com metanálise. A busca foi realizada no mês de outubro de 2021 nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed, com os descritores “Adolescente” e “Comportamento autodestrutivo” e “Adolescent” e “Self-destructive behavior,” combinados pelo operador booleano “AND”. Foram incluídos os estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2021, quantitativos, em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra, e excluídos os documentos que não continham o quantitativo referente aos adolescentes que praticaram automutilação, estudos duplicados e de revisão. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada por pares a partir da remoção de duplicatas e da aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, leitura de títulos, resumos e texto completo. Ao final, a amostra foi composta por 86 estudos. A metanálise foi realizada pelo uso do software R por meio da elaboração do forest plot, teste de heterogeneidade, teste de funil e teste de Egger. Resultados: a prevalência de automutilação entre adolescentes apresentou uma média de 21%, destacando-se os Estados Unidos com o maior percentual. Dentre os fatores identificados, destacaram-se: adolescentes mais velhos, do sexo feminino, desfavorecidos economicamente, que vivenciam conflitos familiares, com pais com baixa escolaridade, vítimas de violência e de bullying e que possuem amigos com comportamentos suicidas. Conclusão: a automutilação configura-se como socialmente determinada de modo que a sua prevalência varia de acordo com a integração entre os diferentes fatores. Nesse contexto, faz-se necessário que o profissional de Enfermagem ofereça apoio emocional aos adolescentes e aos familiares.
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- 2023
12. Fatores de risco à infecção pelo HIV entre adolescentes e jovens: revisão sistemática
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Pedro Augusto Bossonario, Melisane Regina Lima Ferreira, Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade, Keila Diane Lima de Sousa, Rafaele Oliveira Bonfim, Nanci Michele Saita, and Aline Aparecida Monroe
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Fatores de Risco ,Factores de Riesgo ,Adolescent ,Sexual Behavior ,Adulto Jovem ,HIV ,Enfermagem ,VIH ,Adulto Joven ,Revisión Sistemática ,Nursing ,Comportamento Sexual ,Young Adult ,Risk Factors ,Enfermería ,Systematic Review ,Adolescente ,Conducta Sexual ,Revisão Sistemática - Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: identificar e analisar os fatores de risco à infecção pelo HIV entre adolescentes e jovens. Método: trata-se de uma revisão sistemática que teve como questão norteadora: quais são os fatores de risco à infecção pelo HIV entre adolescentes e jovens?”. As buscas em cinco bases de dados e no Google Scholar ocorreram em dezembro de 2021, tendo como filtro publicações entre 2012-2022 sem limitação de idiomas. As publicações foram selecionadas por dois revisores independentes. Os materiais incluídos foram submetidos à avaliação da qualidade metodológica e a uma síntese narrativa. Resultados: recuperou-se 26.191 materiais, sendo sete artigos incluídos. Todos os estudos foram conduzidos na África. Identificou-se que o sexo feminino, a maior idade dos jovens, baixa escolaridade, pessoas negras, múltiplas parcerias sexuais, uso inconsistente de preservativos, consumo de álcool e início sexual precoce constituíram fatores de risco para a infecção pelo HIV em adolescentes e jovens. Conclusão: a compreensão dos fatores de risco alicerça a propositura de políticas de saúde e estratégias de intervenção com a finalidade de fortalecer a capacidade de resposta dos serviços de saúde e o cuidado da equipe de enfermagem para a diminuição da transmissão do HIV entre adolescentes e jovens. Abstract Objective: to identify and analyze HIV infection risk factors among adolescents and the youth. Method: this is a systematic review whose guide question is: what are the risk factors for HIV infection among adolescents and the youth?” In total, five databases and Google Scholar were searched in December 2021 and the found publications between 2012-2022 were filtered without language restriction. Studies were selected by two independent reviewers. The included materials were subjected to methodological quality evaluation and narrative synthesis. Results: overall, we included seven studies out of the 26,191 retrieved. All studies were conducted in Africa. We found that the female gender, older age, low schooling, Black ethnicity, multiple sexual partners, inconsistent use of condoms, alcohol consumption, and early sexual onset constituted risk factors for HIV infection in adolescents and the youth. Conclusion: understanding risk factors underscores the provision of health policies and intervention strategies to strengthen the responsiveness of health services and nursing teams’ care to reduce HIV transmission among adolescents and the youth. Resumen Objetivo: identificar y analizar los factores de riesgo de infección por VIH entre adolescentes y jóvenes. Método: se trata de una revisión sistemática que tuvo como pregunta orientadora: “¿Cuáles son los factores de riesgo a la infección por el VIH entre adolescentes y jóvenes?”. Las búsquedas en cinco bases de datos y en Google Scholar ocurrieron en diciembre de 2021, teniendo como filtro de publicaciones entre 2012-2022 sin limitación de idiomas. Las publicaciones fueron seleccionadas por dos revisores independientes. Los materiales incluidos fueron sometidos a la evaluación de la calidad metodológica y a una síntesis narrativa. Resultados: se recuperaron 26.191 materiales, siendo siete artículos incluidos. Todos los estudios se realizaron en África. Se identificó que el sexo femenino, la mayor edad de los jóvenes, baja escolaridad, personas negras, múltiples parejas sexuales, el uso inconsistente de preservativos, consumo de alcohol y el inicio temprano de las relaciones sexuales eran factores de riesgo de infección por el VIH en adolescentes y jóvenes. Conclusión: la comprensión de los factores de riesgo fundamenta la proposición de políticas de salud y estrategias de intervención con la finalidad de fortalecer la capacidad de respuesta de los servicios de salud y el cuidado del equipo de enfermería para la disminución de la transmisión del VIH entre adolescentes y jóvenes.
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- 2022
13. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children: a systematic review of imaging findings
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Rick Van Rijn, Christian Kellenberger, Susan Shelmerdine, SUREYYA BURCU GORKEM, Carlos F. Ugas-Charcape, Joost Van schuppen, Franz Wolfgang Hirsch, Aurelio Secinaro, David Gomez-Pastrana, LUCIA RIAZA MARTIN, [Shelmerdine,SC] Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London, UK. [Shelmerdine,SC] UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK. [Shelmerdine,SC] Great Ormond Street Hospital NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. [Lovrenski,J] Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia. [Lovrenski,J] Institute for Children and Adolescents Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. [Caro-Domínguez,P] Unidad de Radiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. [Toso,S] Department of Diagnostics, Pediatric Radiology, Geneva Children’s Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland., Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Other Research, and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
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Pediatrics ,Databases, Factual ,Radiología ,Imagen ,Information Science::Information Science::Information Storage and Retrieval::Databases as Topic::Databases, Bibliographic [Medical Subject Headings] ,Adolescents ,NIños ,Imaging ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings] ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical diagnosis ,Child ,Children ,Computed tomography ,Lung ,Adolescente ,Neuroradiology ,Chest imaging ,Tomografía computarizada ,Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Information Science::Information Science::Information Storage and Retrieval::Databases as Topic::Databases, Factual [Medical Subject Headings] ,Child, Preschool ,Original Article ,Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted::Tomography, X-Ray Computed [Medical Subject Headings] ,Radiology ,Coronavirus Infections ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,MEDLINE ,World health ,Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent [Medical Subject Headings] ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Humans ,Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Child [Medical Subject Headings] ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health ,Pandemics ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Revisión sistemática ,Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Disease Outbreaks::Epidemics::Pandemics [Medical Subject Headings] ,COVID-19 ,Infant ,Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings] ,Coronavirus ,El Niño ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Systematic review ,Ct imaging ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business - Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus infection that can cause a severe respiratory illness and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Because children appear to be less severely affected than adults, their imaging appearances have not been extensively reported. Objective To systematically review available literature regarding imaging findings in paediatric cases of COVID-19. Materials and methods We searched four databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar) for articles describing imaging findings in children with COVID-19. We included all modalities, age Results Twenty-two articles were included, reporting chest imaging findings in 431 children, of whom 421 (97.7%) underwent CT. Criteria for imaging were lacking. At diagnosis, 143/421 (34.0%) had a normal CT. Abnormalities were more common in the lower lobes and were predominantly unilateral. The most common imaging pattern was ground-glass opacification (159/255, 62.4%). None of the studies described lymphadenopathy, while pleural effusions were rare (three cases). Improvement at follow-up CT imaging (3–15 days later) was seen in 29/100 (29%), remained normal in 25/100 (25%) and progressed in 9/100 (9%). Conclusion CT chest findings in children with COVID-19 are frequently normal or mild. Lower lobes are predominantly affected by patchy ground-glass opacification. Appearances at follow-up remain normal or improve in the majority of children. Chest CT imaging adds little to the further management of the patient and should be reserved for severe cases or for identifying alternative diagnoses.
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- 2020
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14. THE EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF ATHLETES IN YOUTH OLYMPIC GAMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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Souza, Adriano Lopes de and Tavares, Otávio
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Aprendizaje social ,Adolescent ,Social learning ,Youth Sports ,Revisión sistemática ,Deportes juveniles. Aprendizaje social. Revisión sistemática. Adolescente ,Deportes juveniles ,Revisão sistemática ,Youth Sports. Social learning. Systematic review. Adolescent ,Aprendizagem social ,Systematic review ,Esportes juvenis ,Esportes juvenis. Aprendizagem social. Revisão sistemática. Adolescente ,Adolescente - Abstract
This study aims at understanding what has been produced in national and international literature about participation of young elite athletes in the Youth Olympic Games, focusing on their educational experience. We conducted a qualitative systematic review, with searches in five different databases, where inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select seven articles. The results showed that participation in YOG can promote a set of value-based learnings for young athletes. However, such educational experiences seem to materialize much more from informal meetings and sociocultural interactions between them. It finds that the success of this new mega event does not lie in replicating the Olympic Games in preparation for youth to perform in the adult editions, but in their ability/potential to balance the sport-competition-education triad more clearly., El objetivo de este estudio es comprender lo que se ha producido en la literatura nacional e internacional sobre la participación de los jóvenes atletas de élite en los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud, centrándose en su experiencia educativa. Con este fin, realizamos una revisión sistemática cualitativa. Las búsquedas se realizaron en cinco bases de datos diferentes, de las cuales seleccionamos siete artículos de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los resultados mostraron que la participación en los YOG puede promover un conjunto de aprendizajes de valor para los jóvenes atletas. Sin embargo, tales experiencias educativas parecen materializarse mucho más a partir de reuniones e interacciones socioculturales de carácter informal entre ellos. Se concluye que el éxito de este nuevo megaevento no radica en replicar los Juegos Olímpicos como preparación para que los jóvenes se presenten en las ediciones para adultos, sino en su capacidad/potencial para equilibrar más claramente la tríada deporte-competición-educación., O objetivo do presente estudo é compreender o que vem sendo produzido na literatura nacional e internacional a respeito da participação dos jovens atletas de elite no Jogos Olímpicos da Juventude, com foco na sua experiência educacional. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão sistemática qualitativa. As buscas foram realizadas em cinco bases de dados diferenciadas, a partir das quais selecionamos sete artigos em consonância com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os resultados apontaram que a participação nos YOG pode promover um conjunto de aprendizagens valorativas aos jovens atletas. Entretanto, tais experiências educacionais parecem materializar-se muito mais a partir de reuniões e interações socioculturais de caráter informal entre eles. Conclui-se que o sucesso deste novo megaevento não reside em replicar os Jogos Olímpicos como preparação da juventude para atuar nas edições adultas, mas na sua capacidade/potencialidade para equilibrar mais claramente a tríade esporte-competição-educação.
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- 2020
15. COMPORTAMENTO SEDENTÁRIO E RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR EM CRIANÇAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
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Karina Lúcia Ribeiro Canabrava, Paulo Roberto dos Santos Amorim, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini, Silvia Eloiza Priore, and Valter Paulo Neves Miranda
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Gerontology ,Adolescent ,Population ,Cardiovascular risk factors ,Scopus ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Criança ,Modern life ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030225 pediatrics ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,lcsh:Sports medicine ,education ,Methodological quality ,Child ,Adolescente ,Sedentary lifestyle ,Sedentary time ,Doenças cardiovasculares ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Revisión sistemática ,Evidence-based medicine ,Conducta sedentaria ,Comportamento sedentário ,Sedentary behavior ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Revisão sistemática ,Niño ,Systematic review ,Enfermedades cardiovasculares ,business ,lcsh:RC1200-1245 - Abstract
In recognition of the increasing time spent in sedentary activities in modern life, an emerging area of study linking sedentary time to health has highlighted its role in the development of chronic diseases. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to investigate the indicators and characteristics of sedentary behavior associated with cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents. The databases SciVerse Scopus, MEDLINE®/PubMed and LILACS were selected as a source of reference, using the associated terms “sedentary lifestyle” or “sedentary behavior” or “sedentary” AND “cardiovascular diseases” AND “child or adolescent” to identify studies published from January 2006 to March 2019. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated and a score was assigned. Fifty articles were included in this review at the end. Extensive sedentary time, especially greater screen and TV exposure time, were associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, the accumulation of prolonged sedentary bouts with few breaks in sedentary time tended to compromise the cardiometabolic profile. These findings highlight the importance of differentiating and considering these various indicators and characteristics of sedentary behavior. Further studies are needed to elucidate the multiple and overlapping facets of sedentary behavior and their relationship with health, and to encourage the development of evidence-based recommendations for this population. Level of Evidence I; Systematic Review of Level I Studies. RESUMO Em reconhecimento ao crescente tempo gasto em atividades sedentárias na vida moderna, uma emergente área de estudo tem relacionado o tempo sedentário à saúde e destacado seu papel no surgimento de doenças crônicas. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi investigar os indicadores e as características do comportamento sedentário associados aos fatores de risco cardiovascular em crianças e adolescentes. As bases de dados SciVerse Scopus, MEDLINE®/PubMed e LILACS foram consultadas utilizando a combinação dos termos “sedentary lifestyle” OR “sedentary behaviour” OR sedentary AND “cardiovascular diseases” AND child or adolescent, para identificar estudos publicados de janeiro de 2006 a março de 2019. A análise da qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi realizada, e um escore foi atribuído. Ao final, 50 artigos foram incluídos nesta revisão. O elevado tempo sedentário e, principalmente, a maior exposição ao tempo de tela e televisão, foram associados a fatores de risco cardiovascular. Além disso, o acúmulo de prolongadas sessões e poucas interrupções no tempo sedentário parecem comprometer o perfil cardiometabólico. Destaca-se a importância em diferenciar e considerar estes diversos indicadores e características do comportamento sedentário. Estudos devem ser conduzidos para compreensão das múltiplas e superpostas facetas do comportamento sedentário e relações com a saúde, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de recomendações baseadas em evidências para essa população. Nível de evidência I; Revisão sistemática de estudos de nível I. RESUMEN En reconocimiento al creciente tiempo invertido en actividades sedentarias en la vida moderna, una emergente área de estudio ha relacionado el tiempo sedentario a la salud, destacando su papel en el surgimiento de enfermedades crónicas. Así, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue investigar los indicadores y las características del comportamiento sedentario asociados a los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en niños y adolescentes. Las bases de datos SciVerse Scopus, MEDLINE®/PUBMED y LILACS fueron consultadas utilizando la combinación de términos “sedentary lifestyle” OR “sedentary behavior” OR sedentary AND “cardiovascular diseases” AND child or adolescent para identificar estudios publicados entre enero de 2006 y marzo de 2019. Se realizó el análisis de la calidad metodológica de los estudios y fue atribuido un puntaje. Al final, 50 artículos fueron incluidos en esta revisión. El elevado tiempo sedentario y, principalmente, la mayor exposición al tiempo de exposición de pantalla y la televisión, fueron asociados a factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Además, la acumulación de prolongadas sesiones y pocas interrupciones en el tiempo sedentario parecen comprometer el perfil cardiometabólico. Se destaca la importancia de diferenciar y considerar estos diversos indicadores y características del comportamiento sedentario. Deben ser conducidos estudios para la comprensión de las múltiples y sobrepuestas facetas del sedentarismo y relaciones con la salud, favoreciendo el desarrollo de recomendaciones basadas en evidencias para esa población. Nivel de Evidencia I; Revisión sistemática de estudios de Nivel I.
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- 2019
16. Factores que inciden en el embarazo adolescente en Colombia, una revisión sistemática
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Herrera Velandia, Andrea Carolina, Corzo Rueda, Laura Patricia, Cáceres Hernández, Laura Judith, Useche Aldana, Bernardo Ignacio, and Grupo de Investigación en Calidad de Vida y Salud Pública
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Public health ,Psicología clínica ,Embarazo ,Research ,Revisión sistemática ,Clinical psychology ,Investigaciones ,Responsible sexuality ,Colombia ,Psicología ,Health psychology ,Madres adolescentes ,Teen mothers ,Pregnancy ,Salud pública ,Sexualidad responsable ,Systematic review ,Psychology ,Teen ,Psicología de la Salud ,Adolescente - Abstract
El presente documento fue desarrollado a partir de una revisión sistemática, según la metodología Cochrane, con el objetivo de evidenciar los factores de predisposición al embarazo adolescente en Colombia. 30 Investigaciones fueron incluidas, en las cuales se trabaja el tema de embarazo adolescente en el país de Colombia, a partir de estos estudios se realizó una base de datos con los resultados encontrados de cada artículo, se analizó esta información de la cual se obtuvo en consecuencia nuevo conocimiento al argumentar, con bases teóricas, los hallazgos que se evidenciaron, para posteriormente obtener las conclusiones. De ahí se confirma que los mayores predisponentes son: la falta de información sobre métodos anticonceptivos, el no usar los métodos anticonceptivos, el nivel educativo de la población, uso de sustancias psicoactivas, familia monoparental (madre soltera), un contexto donde se promueve el machismo y el inicio temprano de relaciones sexuales. También se plantea que para futuras investigaciones, se reevalúe la planeación de la educación sexual y reproductiva, más que simplemente información sobre métodos anticonceptivos, se promueve un sentido de vida, donde exista respeto por sí mismo y por los demás. Resumen 4 Abstract 4 Planteamiento del problema 5 Justificación 6 Objetivos 8 Marco Teórico 9 Metodología 16 Resultados 29 Discusión 34 Conclusiones 37 Recomendaciones 39 Referencias 41 Apéndices 45 Especialización This document was developed from a literature review, based on the Cochrane methodology, with the objective of highlighting the predisposing factors of teen pregnancy in Colombia. Thirty 30 investigations were included, which works on the subject of teen pregnancy in the country of Colombia: A database was built, from these studies with the results of each article, analyzed this information consequently new knowledge was wrought. As from theory and with the findings, conclusions were raise. Hence, it is confirmed that the major predisposing factors were: lack of information about contraception, not using contraception, the educational level of the population, use of psychoactive substances, single parent families, a context that promotes machism and the early onset of sexual intercourse. It also suggests that future research, a reassess planning of sexual and reproductive education, rather than just information on contraception, it recommends promotion of a sense of life, where there is respect for oneself and for others.
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- 2013
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