Search

To evaluate the quality of life and anxiety level of school-age children with chronic cough, and changes with treatment.Patients aged between 6-18 years with a chronic cough were included in this study. A control group was designed, and the scale scores were compared with each other.The mean age of the 82 patients was 10.9 ± 3.8 years, 62 (75.6%) had at least one specific cough marker. Forty patients (48.8%) were diagnosed with asthma. At their first visit, the psychosocial health scores and the total scale scores (sum of physical and psychosocial total scores) were lower than the control group for both patients and parents. After the resolution of cough, their scores increased to the same level with the control group. It was also found that the level of anxiety was significantly higher than in the control group both before treatment and after the resolution period (p0.001 and =0.008, respectively).Asthma was the leading cause of chronic cough. Quality of life is impaired in children with chronic cough. Anxiety level in these patients increases and after symptoms improve, continues to be higher than that of healthy children.

Concerns about the psychiatric sequelae after COVID-19 infection have increased as the pandemic spreads worldwide. The increase in self-isolation during this pandemic period has also revealed the importance of feelings of loneliness. This study aimed to examine the relationship between baseline inflammation levels, internalizing symptoms, and feelings of loneliness in adolescent COVID-19 survivors in the long term.A total of 74 adolescents (41 girls, 55.4%, mean age 14.88) and their parents were included in the study. This cross-sectional study assessed internalizing symptoms via Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and feelings of loneliness using the UCLA-loneliness scale. Baseline inflammatory markers at COVID-19 diagnosis were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors for depression in adolescents.The most common disorder was Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (25.7%), and 33.8% of the adolescents were in the clinical range in at least one internalizing domain. Baseline C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels correlated weakly with MDD scores. Loneliness scores correlated with all internalizing symptoms, strong association with MDD scores. Loneliness, anxiety, and parental anxiety were associated with an increased likelihood of MDD. Baseline CRP positivity did not predict MDD in adolescent COVID-19 survivors.This study indicates that anxiety, loneliness, and parental anxiety play an important role in adolescents' experience of depressive symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Thus, screening parental psychopathology and loneliness in COVID-19 survivors seems to be preventive for adolescent mental health problems.

Migraine is one of the most debilitating disorders with its chronic nature seen in childhood characterized by episodic bilateral or unilateral throbbing pain on the head that strikes at any time. It is divided into two categories as with or without aura and is diagnosed according to the 2013 International Headache Society criteria. This study aims to present the pictures depicted by adolescents aged 14–18 who were diagnosed with migraine with visual aura by Ankara Training and Research Hospital Child Neurology Department. They were told to draw their visual auras as a picture that they depict or as a draft via changing another picture. In this article, five adolescents with migraine and their pictures related to their visual aura were presented. The diagnosis of migraine with visual aura in patients under 18 years of age would be supported by picturing of their visual images. Thus, pediatric patients could better express themselves and the clinician would better manage the process both in diagnosis and follow-up of the migraine with aura.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the relation between psychiatric diagnoses and internet usage in a clinical sample of adolescents and determine the pattern of internet use. METHODS: Adolescents aged 13-17 years who admitted to a child-adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic for some emotional or behavioral problems were included. Psychopathologies were evaluated via clinicial interview and sociodemographic form and internet addiction scale were applied to be fulfilled. p

Information on psychological problems and affecting factors in children hospitalized with the suspicion or diagnosis of COVID-19 is limited. We aimed to screen the psychiatric symptoms of children hospitalized with COVID-19 in Ankara City Children`s Hospital and evaluate the caregivers` depression, anxiety, stress, and resilience levels during hospitalization.Among the children and adolescents hospitalized in Ankara City Children`s Hospital between 1 May 2020 and 31 May 2020 due to the diagnosis of COVID-19, those who agreed to participate in the study were included. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS- 21) scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were used to determine the symptoms.The mean age of study group (n = 49) was 8.7 ± 5.0 years, 59.2% (n = 29) were girls. The mean children`s SDQ-externalizing problems scores were higher in the COVID-19 positive mothers group than the COVID-19 negative mothers` group. The SDQ-total score was positively and strongly correlated with the DASS total score, DASS-depression score, and DASS-anxiety score. BRS scale scores were negatively correlated with the SDQtotal, externalizing, and DASS-21scale scores.COVID-19 positivity in mothers could be associated with externalizing problems in children. The high resilience of caregivers of inpatients seems to be related to less psychopathology in children. During hospitalization, caregivers` psychological evaluation and psychosocial support may be important for preventive child mental health.

Background Epilepsy is an important disorder that is sometimes accompanied by inattention problems. This study explored the features of seizures in children with epilepsy, with or without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Between January 2017 and January 2018, data records of children with epilepsy aged 5-18 years admitted to hospital were retrospectively collected. SPSS 17.0 was used for analyses and P Results Of 301 patients with epilepsy, 32 of them had ADHD. Median age at diagnosis of epilepsy in the epilepsy + ADHD group was lower than in the epilepsy alone group (6 vs 8 years; z = -2.989, P = 0.003). The two groups were similar in terms of duration of epilepsy, seizure types and features of complicated versus non-complicated epilepsy, number of anti-epileptic drugs (AED) used (for all, P > 0.05). The epilepsy + ADHD group had a significantly higher prevalence of intellectual disability (31.3% vs 12.6%; χ2 (1) = 7.9, P = 0.014) and specific learning disorder (12.5% vs 1.9%; χ2 (1) = 11.1, P = 0.009) than the epilepsy alone group (χ2 (1) = 11.1, P = 0.009). ADHD medication use was identified in 68.8% of children in the epilepsy + ADHD group. Conclusion Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder was identified in 11.8% of 5-18-year-old children (32/301) with epilepsy in a 1 year period. ADHD is more frequent in children with epilepsy in childhood (5-11 years of age). Epilepsy diagnosis is more frequent in younger children with ADHD. Children with epilepsy and ADHD, also have a significantly higher prevalence of intellectual disability and specific learning disorder. Younger children diagnosed with epilepsy should be carefully monitored for ADHD.

Since conduct disorder is a mental disturbance deteriorating not only children or adolescents’ functioning but both their close environment and even the whole society they live in, it is crucially important to be treated with effective interventions. There is mainly child, family and school-oriented interventions for childhood-onset conduct disorder and treatments of adolescent-onset conduct disorder include community and institutional practices in addition to adolescent, family and school-oriented interventions. Approaches to childhood-onset conduct disorder based on social learning theory, and interventions of adolescent-onset conduct disorder built on “needs, responsivity and risk principles” seem to be effective treatment modalities. Family-oriented approaches using concurrently either adolescent school-oriented interventions or society-oriented programs appear to be the most effective treatments for short-term and long-term outcomes. Adolescents with high risk and advanced age seem to have better progress with interventions whereas sexual offenders are less likely to benefit from treatment than the other conduct pathologies., Davranım bozukluğu doğru yöntemlerle müdahaleler gerektiren, çocuk ya da ergenin sadece kendisini değil, yakın çevresini hatta yaşadığı toplumu olumsuz etkileyebilen bir ruhsal bozukluktur. Çocukluk-başlangıçlı davranım bozukluğunun tedavisinde çocuk, anne-baba ve okul eksenli uygulamalar yer alırken, ergenlik-başlangıçlı olanının tedavisinde bu yöntemlere ek olarak kısmi yatış programları, kurumsal uygulamalar ve diğer toplumsal unsurlar bulunur. Çocukluk-başlangıçlı davranım bozukluğunda sosyal öğrenme kuramını esas alan “aile odaklı” uygulamalar, ergenlik-başlangıçlı olanında ergene yönelik “ihtiyaçlar, duyarlılık ve risk ilkesi” esas alınarak uygulanan “ergen odaklı” müdahaleler etkili yöntemler olarak görünmektedir. Kısa ve uzun vadeli etkinlik açısından, ergen, okul ya da toplum odaklı müdahaleleri eş-zamanlı kullanan “aile odaklı” yaklaşımlar en etkin tedaviler olarak görünmektedir. Yüksek riskli ve yaşça ileri ergenler tedaviyle daha iyi ilerlemeler sağlarken, cinsel suçları bulunan ergenler diğerlerine göre tedavilerden daha az fayda görmektedirler.

Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in adolescence, however, the etiology has not been described. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one potential factor that may be involved in the etiology of ADHD. The goal of this study was to evaluate NPY levels in children with ADHD and compare the findings to healthy controls. Methods Forty-eight ADHD patients and 40 healthy controls were included in this study. The age range of ADHD patients was 6 to 16 years. All patients were diagnosed according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). Results The NPY levels of children with ADHD were compared to healthy controls but were not significantly different (t (86)= -0.887, p= 0.378). NPY levels were similar (F= 0.191, p= 0.826) between ADHD presentations, and included 8 children with predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type (14.3%), 14 children with predominantly inattentive type (30.4%), and 26 children with a combined type (55.4%). There was also no difference between ADHD patients using medical treatment, ADHD patients not using medical treatment, and control subjects in terms of NPY levels (F= 0.572, p= 0.566). There was a significant positive correlation between age and NPY levels in the ADHD group (r= 0.349, p= 0.015). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the NPY levels of ADHD subjects were not different than those of controls. Future studies with homogeneous phenotypes and a larger sample population are needed.

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently occurring neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood with an etiology that is not fully understood. A number of reviews that have addressed the neurobiology of ADHD have focused on imaging and genetics. Relatively little attention has been given to factors/mechanisms involved in the brain dysfunction. We suggest that changes in cellular immunity may be involved. Neopterin is a good indicator of cellular immunity, and we evaluated serum levels of neopterin in patients with ADHD. The study group consisted of 49 patients with ADHD. An age- and gender-matched control group was composed of 31 healthy subjects. Venous blood samples were collected, and the levels of neopterin were measured. The levels of neopterin were significantly higher in ADHD than in the comparison subjects. Cellular immunity may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Background Anxiety disorders are common in children and adolescents, and they can significantly impair quality of life. Genetic, neurobiological, neurochemical, and psychological factors are believed to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders. Recent evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders may be associated with oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated whether there are associations between children with anxiety disorders and total oxidant/antioxidant status. Methods The experimental group consisted of 40 patients (children and adolescents) with anxiety disorders. An age- and gender-matched control group composed of 35 healthy subjects was also assessed. Venous blood samples were collected and total antioxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), and the oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined. Results Both the TOS and the OSI of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. There were no significant differences in TAS between the experimental and control groups. Limitations The main limitation of our study was the small sample size. Conclusions This study suggests that oxidative balance is impaired in children with anxiety disorders. Oxidative stress may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders, and TOS may be a useful diagnostic tool in this context.

Summary We aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern of use, parental sources of information and adverse effects of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in children with epilepsy. Parents of children with epilepsy ( n =305; mean age: 8.3±4.3 years) were interviewed with structured open and close-ended questionnaire. Patients were divided in two groups, CAM and non-CAM and compared using statistical tests. The use of CAM was detected in 22.6% of the patients ( n =69). Prayer was the most commonly used therapy in 91.3% of children ( n =63). Gender ( p =0.032, [OR]: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.287–0.945) and resistance to antiepileptic drugs ( p =0.005, [OR]: 3.4, 95%CI: 1.459–8.148) were found to be associated with CAM use. Parental use of CAMs to treat their children with epilepsy is not common in the Eastern Blacksea Region of Turkey. The research findings have demonstrated that patients' parents trust in their doctors. However, male sex and the presence of resistance of anti epileptics are potentially CAM predictors.

Objective Numerous factors, including genetic, neurobiological, neurochemical, and psychological factors, are thought to be involved in the development of anxiety disorders. The latest findings show that the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders might be associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation; however, no studies have so far investigated lipid peroxidation markers in children with anxiety disorders. Serum levels of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) are a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation. Paraoxonase and arylesterase are two enzymes that protect against such peroxidation, and might also be diagnostic markers. In this study, we investigated whether there are associations between anxiety disorders and lipid peroxidation markers in children, and assessed the diagnostic performance of these markers. Methods The study group consisted of 37 patients (children and adolescents) with anxiety disorders. A control group, matched for age and gender, was composed of 36 healthy subjects. Venous blood samples were collected, and LOOH levels and paraoxonase and arylesterase activity were measured. Results LOOH levels were significantly higher in the anxiety disorders group than in the control group. There were no significant differences in paraoxonase or arylesterase activities between the patient and the control groups. Discussion Lipid peroxidation or oxidative damage might play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders. LOOH may be a potential biological marker for anxiety disorders in children.

WOS: 000331022700022, PubMed: 24361544, Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurobehavioral disorder of childhood. The etiopathogeny of ADHD has not been totally defined. Recent reports have suggested a pathophysiological role of neurotrophins in ADHD. In this study, we evaluated serum levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) in patients with ADHD. The sample population consisted of 44 child or adolescent patients diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV criteria; 36 healthy subjects were included in the study as controls. Venous blood samples were collected, and NGF levels were measured. The mean serum NGF levels of the ADHD patients were significantly higher than those of the controls. Age and gender of the patients were not correlated with serum NGF levels. There were no significant differences in NGF levels among the combined and predominantly inattentive subtypes of ADHD. Our study suggests that there are higher levels of serum NGF in drug naive ADHD patients, and that increased levels of NGF might have an important role in the pathophysiology of ADHD.