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Introduction: Adiponectin is a circulating hormone that is produced exclusively by adipocytes and has antiinflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. The hypothesis that there are differences in adiponectin levels between stable and unstable coronary-artery disease patients remains controversial. Furthermore, the potential relationships between the plasma adiponectin level and the inflammatory and non-inflammatory markers (oxidized low density lipoprotein and nitric oxide) in patients with stable and unstable coronary-artery disease relative to normal subjects have not been assessed., Objectives: To assess whether plasma adiponectin levels differ among patients with stable and unstable coronary-artery disease and among control subjects, and to correlate plasma adiponectin level with inflammatory and clinical risk factors (such as oxidized-LDL and nitric oxide) in these patients., Methods: This study included 50 control subjects, 50 stable angina patients and 50 unstable angina patients with angiographically documented coronary-artery disease. Plasma adiponectin and oxidized-LDL levels were determined using an enzyme immunoassay. Plasma nitric oxide, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and lipid profile levels were also measured., Results: Plasma adiponectin levels were lower in the unstable angina patients (4.9 ± 1.30 µg/mL) than in the stable angina patients (6.34 ± 1.0 µg/mL) or in the controls (9.25 ± 1.8 µg/mL); these levels were also significantly lower in stable angina patients versus controls (p<0.001). Plasma adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with oxidized-LDL, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipid profile and other clinical risk factors but positively correlated with nitric oxide., Conclusion: Plasma adiponectin levels were found to be lower in both stable and unstable angina patients relative to control subjects, and the correlation between plasma adiponectin and cardiovascular markers is weakened in these patients.

Propose: The adipokines, leptin and adiponectin have a permissive role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The inflammatory enzyme, myeloperoxidase (MPO) has also a determinant role in the pathogenesis of CAD. The relationships of the adipokines with the inflammatory enzyme need to be resolved in patients with CAD.Methods: For the case-control study 100 patients with CAD and 100 control subjects were appropriately recruited. The presence of CAD was assigned by angiographic evaluation. Plasma leptin, adiponectin and MPO levels were measured using immunoassay methods. Other conventional cardiovascular risk factors were also determined.Results: Leptin and MPO levels were significantly increased in CAD patients compared to control subjects (25.37 ± 5.83 ng/ml vs. 3.68 ± 1.95 ng/mL and 52.85 ± 13.20 ng/mL vs. 23.00 ± 3.60 ng/mL, p=0.001, respectively). In contrast, adiponectin was significantly decreased in CAD patients compared to control subjects (5.62 ± 1.15 μg/mL vs. 9.25 ± 1.8, p = 0.001). There was a strong positive association between leptin and MPO levels only in CAD patients (p =.001). There was also a significant inverse association between adiponectin and MPO in CAD patients (p =0.001). The associations were continued after adjustment for other conventional risk factors (p =0.001).Conclusions: Given the presence of significant associations between leptin and MPO as well as adiponectin and MPO in CAD patients, it may infer that the pathogenesis effects of the adipokines may be, in part, through the affecting of MPO levels. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]