Weusten BLAM, Bisschops R, Dinis-Ribeiro M, di Pietro M, Pech O, Spaander MCW, Baldaque-Silva F, Barret M, Coron E, Fernández-Esparrach G, Fitzgerald RC, Jansen M, Jovani M, Marques-de-Sa I, Rattan A, Tan WK, Verheij EPD, Zellenrath PA, Triantafyllou K, and Pouw RE
MR1 : ESGE recommends the following standards for Barrett esophagus (BE) surveillance:- a minimum of 1-minute inspection time per cm of BE length during a surveillance endoscopy- photodocumentation of landmarks, the BE segment including one picture per cm of BE length, and the esophagogastric junction in retroflexed position, and any visible lesions- use of the Prague and (for visible lesions) Paris classification- collection of biopsies from all visible abnormalities (if present), followed by random four-quadrant biopsies for every 2-cm BE length.Strong recommendation, weak quality of evidence. MR2: ESGE suggests varying surveillance intervals for different BE lengths. For BE with a maximum extent of ≥ 1 cm and < 3 cm, BE surveillance should be repeated every 5 years. For BE with a maximum extent of ≥ 3 cm and < 10 cm, the interval for endoscopic surveillance should be 3 years. Patients with BE with a maximum extent of ≥ 10 cm should be referred to a BE expert center for surveillance endoscopies. For patients with an irregular Z-line/columnar-lined esophagus of < 1 cm, no routine biopsies or endoscopic surveillance are advised.Weak recommendation, low quality of evidence. MR3: ESGE suggests that, if a patient has reached 75 years of age at the time of the last surveillance endoscopy and/or the patient's life expectancy is less than 5 years, the discontinuation of further surveillance endoscopies can be considered. Weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence. MR4: ESGE recommends offering endoscopic eradication therapy using ablation to patients with BE and low grade dysplasia (LGD) on at least two separate endoscopies, both confirmed by a second experienced pathologist.Strong recommendation, high level of evidence. MR5: ESGE recommends endoscopic ablation treatment for BE with confirmed high grade dysplasia (HGD) without visible lesions, to prevent progression to invasive cancer.Strong recommendation, high level of evidence. MR6: ESGE recommends offering complete eradication of all remaining Barrett epithelium by ablation after endoscopic resection of visible abnormalities containing any degree of dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).Strong recommendation, moderate quality of evidence. MR7: ESGE recommends endoscopic resection as curative treatment for T1a Barrett's cancer with well/moderate differentiation and no signs of lymphovascular invasion.Strong recommendation, high level of evidence. MR8: ESGE suggests that low risk submucosal (T1b) EAC (i. e. submucosal invasion depth ≤ 500 µm AND no [lympho]vascular invasion AND no poor tumor differentiation) can be treated by endoscopic resection, provided that adequate follow-up with gastroscopy, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and computed tomography (CT)/positrion emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is performed in expert centers.Weak recommendation, low quality of evidence. MR9: ESGE suggests that submucosal (T1b) esophageal adenocarcinoma with deep submucosal invasion (tumor invasion > 500 µm into the submucosa), and/or (lympho)vascular invasion, and/or a poor tumor differentiation should be considered high risk. Complete staging and consideration of additional treatments (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and/or surgery) or strict endoscopic follow-up should be undertaken on an individual basis in a multidisciplinary discussion.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence. MR10 A: ESGE recommends that the first endoscopic follow-up after successful endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) of BE is performed in an expert center.Strong recommendation, very low quality of evidence. B: ESGE recommends careful inspection of the neo-squamocolumnar junction and neo-squamous epithelium with high definition white-light endoscopy and virtual chromoendoscopy during post-EET surveillance, to detect recurrent dysplasia.Strong recommendation, very low level of evidence. C: ESGE recommends against routine four-quadrant biopsies of neo-squamous epithelium after successful EET of BE.Strong recommendation, low level of evidence. D: ESGE suggests, after successful EET, obtaining four-quadrant random biopsies just distal to a normal-appearing neo-squamocolumnar junction to detect dysplasia in the absence of visible lesions.Weak recommendation, low level of evidence. E: ESGE recommends targeted biopsies are obtained where there is a suspicion of recurrent BE in the tubular esophagus, or where there are visible lesions suspicious for dysplasia.Strong recommendation, very low level of evidence. MR11: After successful EET, ESGE recommends the following surveillance intervals:- For patients with a baseline diagnosis of HGD or EAC:at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 10 years after last treatment, after which surveillance may be stopped.- For patients with a baseline diagnosis of LGD:at 1, 3, and 5 years after last treatment, after which surveillance may be stopped.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence., Competing Interests: M. Barret has received consultancy fees from Medtronic (2019 to 2023) and Fujifilm (2023), consultancy and research funding from Pentax (2021 to 2022), and fees for training programs from Olympus (2022 to 2023). M. di Pietro has received consultancy fees from Medtronic (2018 to date); the Cytosponge was developed by his institution but he does not have a share in the patent. M. Dinis-Ribeiro has received consultancy fees from Medtronic (2021) and Roche (2022), and a research grant from Fujifilm (2021 to 2022); he is Co-Editor-in-Chief of Endoscopy. G. Fernández-Esparrach has received speaker’s fees from Medtronic (2023). R. Fitzgerald is a co-founder and shareholder (< 3 %) in Cyted Ltd, but is not an employee and does not receive funding or consultancy fees. She is a trustee of the charity Heartburn Cancer UK (HCUK) who have provided patient input and funded mobile units for delivery of heartburn check clinics as part of a research programme called DELTA; her research was funded by The UK Medical Research Council (MRC) who have licensed Cytosponge technology and assays to Medtronic in 2014. M. Jansen has received speaker’s fees from Medtronic (2018 to date). O. Pech has received speaker’s fees from Fujifilm (2012 to 2022), Boston Scientific (2012 to date), and Medtronic (2015 to date). R.E. Pouw has received speaker’s fees from Pentax Medical (2022, 2023) and consultancy fees from Medtronic and MicroTech Europe (both ongoing). M.C.W. Spaander has received research support from Lucid (Esocheck) (2020 to 2023) and Capsulomics (2022 to 2023). B.L.A.M. Weusten has received financial research support, and consultancy and lecture fees from Pentax Medical (2019 to date), and financial research support from Aqua Medical Inc. (2020 to 2022).R. Bisschops, F. Baldaque-Silva, E. Coron, M. Jovani, I. Marques-de-Sa, A. Rattan, W.K. Tan, K. Triantafyllou, E.P.D. Verheij, and P.A. Zellenrath declare that they have no conflict of interest., (European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. All rights reserved.)