40 results on '"CLIMATE change mitigation"'
Search Results
2. The Impact of Climate Change on National Security.
- Author
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Sotiroski, Ljupcho
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NATIONAL security ,CLIMATE change ,GLOBAL warming ,NATURAL disasters ,CLIMATE change mitigation - Abstract
The purpose of the presented scientific work was: a historical review and identification of the main root causes of the emergence of threatening natural phenomena on the planet; outlining of key areas and sectors of the population's life; analysis of the influence of society and official authorities on the control and management of issues in the field of natural disasters; modelling of possible consequences and ways to solve the most threatening problems due to climate change. The main method of scientific cognition that was used in writing this article is the system-analytical method, with the help of which, using the processes of analysis and modelling, the causes were identified, the directions of direct impact were outlined and logical alternatives and solutions to the problems that have arisen against the background of climate change and natural disasters were provided. The main results obtained during the study of the presented topics are as follows: the main causes of the onset of irreversible climate change on the planet are identified; the most vulnerable to natural anomalies areas of public and state direction are highlighted; common methods and means of climate change control are studied. The authors conclude that future climate change impacts will intensify unless mitigation efforts are increased, thereby not only neutralizing, but also potentially benefiting, humanity and Earth's future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Predicting climate-based changes of landscape structure for Turkiye via global climate change scenarios: a case study in Bartin river basin with time series analysis for 2050
- Author
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Kalayci Kadak, Merve, Ozturk, Sevgi, and Mert, Ahmet
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- 2024
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4. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY ON PASTORAL COMMUNITIES IN KENYA.
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NAFULA, Phelyster K., OPIYO, T. O., NDIAO, Elly, and DANCEA, Lucretiu
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- *
CLIMATE change adaptation , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *SUSTAINABILITY , *LIVESTOCK productivity , *PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation , *FOOD security , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
Climate change and variability have significant impacts on pastoral communities in Kenya. The effects include reduced livestock productivity, food insecurity, and increased conflicts over resources amongst other adverse effects. Examining such effects makes it possible to suggest adaptive and sustainable practices that can be used to improve the conditions of Arid and semi-arid areas in Kenya where majority of the pastoral communities live. The goal of this paper is to review the effects of climate change and variability on pastoral communities in Kenya. The study employs a desk review of recent journal articles that have comprehensively documented the research topic. As per the research findings, pastoral communities in Kenya face significant challenges due to climate change and variability. They have, however, used a variety of adaptation strategies, such as diversifying their sources of income, managing resources as a group, and using new technologies. The use of secondary sources of information and the potential biases in the selection of journal articles are the study's shortcomings. The study has generated relevant knowledge that policymakers and development agencies can use in designing climate change adaptation and mitigation interventions that are responsive to the specific needs and circumstances of pastoral communities in Kenya, Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
5. S M Nazmuz Sakib’s Hypothesis of Aerosol-Sea Ice Feedback: Implications for Climate System Dynamics
- Author
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S M Nazmuz Sakib
- Subjects
aerosol-sea ice feedback ,aerosols ,sea ice concentration ,adaptation strategies ,climate change mitigation ,climate projections ,aerosol emissions ,sea ice thickness ,aerosol deposition ,cloud microphysics ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Medicine - Abstract
This research paper explores S M Nazmuz Sakib’s hypothesis of aerosol-sea ice feedback and its implications for climate system dynamics. The hypothesis suggests that changes in aerosol emissions significantly impact sea ice concentration and thickness in the Arctic, which, in turn, affect aerosol transport and deposition over the Tibetan Plateau. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the hypothesis, including the underlying facts, a proposed formula for the aerosol-sea ice feedback, and the potential variations of this feedback based on regional and temporal patterns of aerosol emission changes. Furthermore, the paper introduces the Sea Ice-Aerosol-Cloud Feedback (SIACF) Index and its application to historical incidents related to aerosol emission changes. The SIACF Index provides a quantitative measure to evaluate the influence of changes in aerosol emissions on sea ice concentration and thickness. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of testing this hypothesis through global aerosol models, observations, and historical incidents to gain a deeper understanding of aerosol-climate interactions and develop effective mitigation strategies.
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- 2023
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6. Revisión sistemática de la percepción de riesgo en agricultores ante la sequía: factores de influencia, contenidos percibidos, estrategias de adaptación y prácticas asociadas.
- Author
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Suazo Muñoz, Consuelo and Sandoval-Díaz, José
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CLIMATE change mitigation , *CLIMATE extremes , *RISK perception , *CLIMATE change adaptation , *GOVERNMENT policy on climate change , *FARM size , *SPANISH language - Abstract
Drought is an extreme climatic event that generates large impacts and losses in agriculture, causing the increase of global food insecurity and unsustainability of rural livelihoods. Based on this, the objective of this research was to conduct a systematic review of empirical studies that have reported the relationship between risk perception and adaptive strategies of farmers in the face of drought. For this reason, the review followed the guidelines and recommendations of the PRISMA statement. The databases consulted were Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCO. In total, 50 empirical studies, in Spanish and English, published between 2010 and 2021, that met the selection criteria were reviewed. The results highlight thdifferent factors influencingisk perception (years of experience, level of schooling, among others) and adaptation strategies (farm size, gender, access to credit, etc.). Finally, the effects of drought at the crop, livestock, personal and environmental levels were identified. In conclusion, we discuss its implications and limitations, highlighting the absence of studies in the Latin American region and in Spanish language. Future studies should be done with a place-based perspective, under which adaptive knowledge, beliefs, practices and actions can be recognized. On the other hand, climate change mitigation policies and programs must be proposed and implemented at a local scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Combining stakeholder perception and ecological approaches for assessing vulnerability of floodplain wetlands in changing climate: a regional study.
- Author
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Sarkar, Uttam Kumar, Karnatak, Gunjan, Lianthuamluaia, Lianthuamluaia, Puthiyottil, Mishal, Das Ghosh, Bandana, Johnson, Canciyal, Kumari, Suman, Saha, Suchismita, and Das, Basanta Kumar
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FLOODPLAINS , *CLIMATE change , *RAINFALL anomalies , *WETLAND ecology , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *WETLANDS - Abstract
Wetland fisheries are most vulnerable to climate and anthropogenic change, and therefore, vulnerability assessment is essential for the formulation of prudent management strategies. In the present study, vulnerability assessment was carried out in nine floodplain wetlands from three districts of West Bengal using stakeholder perception and ecological conditions. In absence of long-term time series data on ecology and fisheries of wetlands, stakeholder perception study was carried out to assess the vulnerability status to climate change. Phased interviews were conducted using structured questionnaires to study the stakeholder perception on climatic variability and changes in ecology and fisheries of wetlands over the past 15 years. Climate data used for climate trend analysis was procured from Indian Meteorological Department. Ecological parameters were studied from the wetlands seasonally from January 2018 to December 2018. Analysis of climatic variables for last three decades revealed a warming trend and decreasing rainfall in the study area. The temperature anomaly ranged from + 0.07 to + 0.31 °C while rainfall anomaly ranged from − 61.41 to − 372.62 mm. Respondents showed high level of consensus (75.3%) on climate change awareness. The respondents were aware of the fact that climate anomaly affects ecology and fisheries of wetlands in most of the cases with consensus ranging from 67.8 to 94.7%. The studied wetlands showed 2 to 81.28% reduction in depth, 21.52–61.29% reduction in species diversity, and 30–95% macrophyte infestation. The stakeholder perception-based vulnerability scores ranged from 18 to 31 and indicated 6 out of 9 wetlands (66.6%) as highly vulnerable and the rest as moderately vulnerable. The ecological vulnerability scores ranged from 17 to 21 and indicated 5 out of 9 wetlands (55.6%) as highly vulnerable and 4 wetlands in the moderately vulnerable range. Although both the approaches used in the present study categorized the studied wetlands as moderately to highly vulnerable, the category of some of the wetlands varied in both the approaches. This suggests that utilizing a single approach may not give precise vulnerability status of an ecosystem. Use of combined approaches for construction of a composite vulnerability index covering different aspects impacted by climate change might present a better picture of the vulnerability status and aid in formulation of effective mitigation/management plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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8. An evaluation of farmers' perception, awareness, and adaptation towards climate change: a study from Punjab province Pakistan.
- Author
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Mehmood, Muhammad Sajid, Gang Li, Khan, Ahsan Riaz, Siddiqui, Badar Naseem, Tareen, Waqar Ul Hassan, Kubra, Amara Tul, and Ateeq-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change , *CLIMATE change adaptation , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *CLIMATE extremes , *BEHAVIORAL assessment , *CROP diversification , *WEATHER - Abstract
Globally, all environmental sectors are threatened by climate change, most especially to the food and agriculture sectors. Pakistan is a developing country that is most vulnerable to extreme and harsh climatic conditions, especially in Southeast Asia. Climate change has often adverse effects on Pakistan because it is often affected by severe weather conditions. Although, some studies have reported on farmers 'perceptiveness regarding climate change adaptation and mitigation, there is still insufficient awareness among Pakistanis 'farmers. Key knowledge is very important for farmers to overcome the harsh climatic conditions for harvesting and saving crops. To bridge this gap, this research discovered the awareness level of climate change, weather conditions, and related factors among Pakistani farmers. Through a stratified random sampling technique, 500 structured questionnaires were distributed among the farmers in four districts of Punjab Pakistan for study analysis. The probit model was used to analyze the farmer's perception regarding climate change, socio-demographic and economic variables. The findings of this research showed that 75% of farmers are aware of climate change. Perception of climate change between farmers was directly associated with agriculture experience, farmers' age, land ownership status, level of education, information sources, and access to extension. Also, our research showed that farmers' assessment of adaptive behavior showed that farmers are actively implementing crop diversification, irrigation, and other adaptation strategies. Results of this study will help government agencies and policymakers in Pakistan and other regions to develop sustainable adaptation measures in the framework of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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9. Disaster risk reduction and international catastrophe risk insurance facility.
- Author
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Thirawat, Nipawan, Udompol, Sirikamon, and Ponjan, Pathomdanai
- Subjects
NATURAL disasters -- Environmental aspects ,DISASTER insurance ,FLOODS ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,CARBON sequestration ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The objectives of this research are to investigate resource loss effects from flooding and to provide recommendations on disaster risk reduction policies. This research utilized a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, which found that losses of resources had major negative impacts on real gross domestic product (GDP). Transitioning from national catastrophe insurance fund to an international risk pooling approach is discussed, and as the Global Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility has not yet been established, our proposal suggests the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus three (ASEAN + 3) Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility (ACRIF) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus three catastrophic bonds (ASEAN + 3 CAT bonds) as effective means of reducing fiscal liabilities arising from natural disasters, also effectively enhancing disaster risk reduction. These tools are complementary to Catastrophe Risk Swaps which are innovative global financial adaptation strategies designed to make communities and governments more resilient to disaster damages. They are ex-ante risk financing tools and sources of liquidity for damage restoration and economic recovery, which facilitates flexibility among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus three (ASEAN + 3) and other governments requiring special assistance. Most importantly, utilization of insurance and catastrophic bonds promotes the achievement of set objectives of global adaptation strategies, sustainable economic growth, and climate resilient development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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10. European forests under global climate change: Review of tree growth processes, crises and management strategies.
- Author
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Vacek, Zdeněk, Vacek, Stanislav, and Cukor, Jan
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CLIMATE change , *CRISIS management , *WINDSTORMS , *TREE growth , *DROUGHTS , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *CLIMATE extremes , *DEAD trees - Abstract
The ongoing global climate change is challenging all sectors, forestry notwithstanding. On the one hand, forest ecosystems are exposed to and threatened by climate change, but on the other hand, forests can influence the course of climate change by regulating the water regime, air quality, carbon sequestration, and even reduce climate extremes. Therefore, it is crucial to see climate change not only as a risk causing forest disturbances and economic consequences but also as an opportunity for innovative approaches to forest management, conservation, and silviculture based on the results of long-term research. We reviewed 365 studies evaluating the impact of climate change on European forest ecosystems, all published during the last 30 years (1993–2022). The most significant consequences of climate change include more frequent and destructive large-scale forest disturbances (wildfire, windstorm, drought, flood, bark beetle, root rot), and tree species migration. Species distribution shifts and changes in tree growth rate have substantial effects on ecosystem carbon storage. Diameter/volume increment changed from −1 to +99% in Central and Northern Europe, while it decreased from −12 to −49% in Southern Europe across tree species over the last ca. 50 years. However, it is important to sharply focus on the causes of climate change and subsequently, on adaptive strategies, which can successfully include the creation of species-diverse, spatially and age-wise structured stands (decrease drought stress and increase production), prolongation of the regenerative period, or the use of suitable introduced tree species (e.g., Douglas fir, black pine, and Mediterranean oaks). But the desired changes are based on increasing diversity and the mitigation of climate change, and will require significantly higher initial costs for silviculture practices. In conclusion, the scope and complexity of the topic require further comprehensive and long-term studies focusing on international cooperation. We see a critical gap in the transfer of research results into actual forest practice, which will be the key factor influencing afforestation of forest stands and forest growth in the following decades. What our forests will look like for future generations and what the resulting impact of climate change will be on forestry is in the hands of forest managers, depending on supportive forestry research and climate change policy, including adaptive and mitigation strategies. • We review main factors influencing forest growth processes under climate change (CC). • We concentrate on potential direct and indirect impacts of CC on forest ecosystems. • Consequences of CC include large-scale forest disturbances and tree species migration. • Review is focused on management adaptive strategies and mitigation of CC. • Opportunity and risk of introduced tree species are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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11. The place of a socio-cultural environment in climate change discourse
- Author
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Charles W. Recha
- Subjects
Cultural environment ,Climate change ,lcsh:G1-922 ,Adaptation strategies ,Nationalism ,culture ,On board ,Climate change mitigation ,climate change ,Political science ,lcsh:Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,lcsh:GF1-900 ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Environmental planning ,lcsh:Geography (General) ,inter-group dimension - Abstract
The significance of climate change is reflected in global level efforts such as Conference of Parties and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reporting. The global level platform develops consensus on evidences and pathways to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Unfortunately, these efforts often lack social-cultural dynamics to climate change. This study adopted a desktop survey to establish the place of socio-cultural dynamics in climate change discourse. In this study, it is argued that socio-economic security and attributes, cultural-orientation and inter-group dimensions are key determinants to implementation of climate change programmes. To successfully design and implement climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, first address socioeconomic securities of communities, bring on board sub-national considerations and package climate change impacts as a threat to nationalism.
- Published
- 2020
12. Determinants of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies: An Application of Protection Motivation Theory in Konta District, South Western Ethiopia
- Author
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Nega Abera Akirso and Dereje Tesema Regasa
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Computer science ,050204 development studies ,efficacy ,vulnerability ,05 social sciences ,severity ,Probability and statistics ,adaptation ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,HM401-1281 ,mitigation ,climate change ,Climate change mitigation ,Protection motivation theory ,0502 economics and business ,Sociology (General) ,Environmental planning ,belief ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Climate change becomes a widely acknowledged and inevitable global challenge of 21st century. For developing countries like Ethiopia, it intensifies existing challenges of ensuring sustainable development. This study examined factors affecting climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies by taking in Protection Motivation Theory. The study draws on mixed research approach in order to assess the subjective understanding about climate change threats and identify the factors determining responses to climate change. While qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions and interviews, quantitative information was collected using semi structured survey from 296 randomly selected farmers from different agro-ecologies. Qualitative data was dominantly analyzed using content analysis while descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze quantitative data. Almost all respondents (97%) perceived that climate change is occurring and threatening their wellbeing. Dwindling precipitation, increasing temperature and occurrence of human and animal disease were perceived to represent climate change. From nationally initiated strategies, farmers were found to largely practice soil and water conservation and agricultural intensification, which they perceived less costly and compatible to their level of expertise. The result of binary logistic regression revealed that perceived severity of climate change, perceived susceptibility to climate change threat, perceived own ability to respond, response efficacy and cost of practices predicted farmers motivation to practice climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. Thus, building resilient system should go beyond sensitizing climate response mechanisms. Rural development and climate change adaptation policies should focus on human capital development and economic empowerment which would enable farmers pursue context specific adaptation and mitigation strategies thereby maintain sustainable livelihood.
- Published
- 2019
13. Dependence of economic impacts of climate change on anthropogenically directed pathways
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Makoto Tamura, Toshichika Iizumi, Yasuaki Hijioka, Qian Zhou, Naota Hanasaki, Naoko Kumano, Hiromune Yokoki, Zhihong Shen, Yukiko Hirabayashi, Tomoko Hasegawa, Chan Park, Masahiro Tanoue, Jun’ya Takakura, Yasushi Honda, Koujiro Tsuchida, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Shinichiro Fujimori, and Taikan Oki
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Natural resource economics ,Climate change ,Socioeconomic development ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,Gross domestic product ,03 medical and health sciences ,Economic impacts of climate change ,Climate change mitigation ,Environmental science ,Economic impact analysis ,Socioeconomic status ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
There are great uncertainties in the projected economic impacts of climate change1, arising from uncertainties in the climate response2, the climate change mitigation pathway3 and the socioeconomic development pathway4. Although the relative contributions of these factors are important for climate change related decision-making, they are poorly understood. Here, we show to what extent the projected economic impacts of climate change can be attributed to these three factors. Our modelling framework consisting of global, multisectoral impact models coupled with an integrated assessment model enables us to estimate the global total economic impacts of climate change while incorporating these uncertainty sources. Whereas the most pessimistic pathway without mitigation would result in a net economic impact equivalent to 6.6% (3.9–8.6%) of global gross domestic product at the end of this century, the pathways with stringent mitigation would limit the impact to around or less than 1%. Although the uncertainties are great, the climate change mitigation pathway is the dominant factor and socioeconomic developments can also contribute to alleviate the impacts of climate change. These results suggest that decisions on mitigation and development have a great influence in determining the economic impacts of climate change, regardless of the uncertainties in the climate response. Understanding which factors influence future economic impacts from climate change is important for informing mitigation and adaptation strategies. This study demonstrates that projected economic impacts are primarily attributed to variation in socioeconomic development and future emissions trajectories, rather than uncertainties in the climate response.
- Published
- 2019
14. Drivers of farm-level adaptation to climate change in Africa: an evaluation by a composite index of potential adoption.
- Author
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García de Jalón, Silvestre, Iglesias, Ana, and Barnes, Andrew
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ECONOMICS ,CLIMATE change ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,ECONOMETRICS ,HUMAN capital ,COMPOSITE indexes (Finance) - Abstract
Over recent decades, there has been increasing levels of research dedicated to assess drivers of farm-level uptake of adaptation strategies to climate change. The main purpose of this research being to determine how policy intervention can most effectively increase adoption. This paper aims to synthesise this past research in order to scale up uptake of farm-level adaptation strategies through a composite index of potential adoption in Africa. In doing so, we review the estimated coefficients of econometric regressions in 42 case studies published in peer-review journals to identify the factors that regularly explain adoption. We find that these common factors can be grouped into seven components, that is human capital, financial resources, infrastructure and technology, social interaction and governance, food security, dependence on agriculture and attitudes towards the environment. Using national-level indicators of these seven categories, we develop a composite index to inform potential adoption and test the robustness of the index in an in-depth sensitivity analysis. The results show that the highest likelihood of adoption of farm-level adaptation strategies is in Northern African countries namely Tunisia, Egypt, Algeria and Morocco and in Southern African countries such as South Africa and Botswana. Conversely, they indicate that the lowest likelihood of adoption is situated in nations of the Sahel and Horn of Africa and in nations that have recently experienced conflict. We conclude that adoption is associated predominantly with governance, civil rights, financial resources and education. However, it is not necessarily driven by the magnitude of climate change impacts on agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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15. Determinants of perceptions of climate change and adaptation among Turkana pastoralists in northwestern Kenya.
- Author
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Opiyo, Francis, Wasonga, Oliver V., Nyangito, Moses M., Mureithi, Stephen M., Obando, Joy, and Munang, Richard
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CLIMATE change research ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,PASTORAL societies ,DROUGHTS ,TURKANA (African people) - Abstract
There is a growing concern that climate variability and change, combined with other environmental, social and political pressures, may overwhelm resilience of pastoral systems if local adaptation strategies are not strengthened. Understanding pastoralists’ perception of and response to climatic change is necessary for sustainable adaptation strategies. Systematic and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 302 households in Turkana County of northwestern Kenya. Descriptive statistics and Heckman probit model were used to analyse the data obtained from the household's interviews. The results show that majority of households’ perceive rise in temperatures and rainfall variability over the past three decades. Pastoralists’ perception of climate change was significantly (p<.05) associated with gender of the household head, livestock ownership, herd size and access to extension services. Heckman's sample selectivity probit model revealed that factors influencing pastoralist's choices of climate change adaptation include gender and education level of the household head, household size, wealth in terms of livestock ownership, distance to markets, access to credit and extension services. We conclude that as a prerequisite for long-term commitment to household's climate resilience, policies and programmes should aim at improving these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2016
- Full Text
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16. Incorporating social-ecological considerations into basin-wide responses to climate change in the Colorado River Basin
- Author
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Benedict J. Colombi, Denielle M. Perry, Charles B. Yackulic, John C. Schmidt, Karletta Chief, Christine J. Kirchhoff, and Lucas S. Bair
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Resource (biology) ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,business.industry ,Drainage basin ,General Social Sciences ,Climate change ,010501 environmental sciences ,Structural basin ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,Climate change mitigation ,Geography ,Scale (social sciences) ,business ,Environmental planning ,Hydropower ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
During the last 50 years, construction of dams in the western United States declined. This is partly because of increasing recognition of diverse and unintended social-ecological consequences of dams. Today, resource managers are recognizing the wide array of tradeoffs and are including a more diverse group of stakeholders in decision making for individual dams. Yet decisions at the regional scale maintain a focus on a limited number of resources and objectives, leading to inefficient and inequitable outcomes. Social-ecological changes compounded by climate change challenge this management paradigm. Increasing water demands for humans and the environment and renewed interest in hydropower present opportunities for operations that include climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies while considering tradeoffs and equitable responses at the regional scale.
- Published
- 2019
17. Bioeconomy as Climate Action: How Ready Are African Countries?
- Author
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O. B. Adu and Oluwaseun James Oguntuase
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Climate change mitigation ,Action (philosophy) ,Natural resource economics ,Political science ,Climate change ,010501 environmental sciences ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Bioeconomy is a new perspective for fighting climate change. Africa is warming faster than the global average, and climate change remains a major threat on the continent for coming decades. The development of sustainable bioeconomy is extremely important in Africa to accelerate mitigation and adaptation to climate change. However, this concept is not well diffused on the continent. The objective of this chapter is to present the current state of bioeconomy in Africa and the readiness of the member countries to adopt bioeconomy as climate action, with particular attention to the state of production determinants of a bioeconomy. The main factors and trends (both positive and negative), relating to building strategic capacity towards employing bioeconomy for climate action on the continent, are outlined. The findings and recommendations will assist both the academia and policymakers in Africa to integrate bioeconomy into their national and regional climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and action plans.
- Published
- 2021
18. Mapping the exposure and sensitivity to heat wave events in China's megacities
- Author
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Tao Pei, Jingqiu Zhang, Guoqing Zhi, Bin Meng, Juan Wang, Siyu Chen, Yunyan Du, and Bin Tian
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Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,010501 environmental sciences ,Heat wave ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Hot Temperature ,Megacity ,Climate change mitigation ,Climatology ,Hotspot (geology) ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,China ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The rising temperature makes the weather becoming more extreme. Understanding how extreme hot temperature-heat wave events (HWEs)-are likely to alter individual heat exposure and sensitivity is crucial for developing climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. Despite the importance, little is known about the real-time impacts of HWEs on individual daily life in developing nations, like China. To fill this gap, we adopt over 1544 thousand Weibo (Chinese Twitter) social media data, coupled with meteorological conditions people face when posting, to assess the heat exposure and people's sensitivity to HWEs across 31 mega-cities in China. The results show the hotspot of Weibo heat is coincident with the extremely hot temperature, with a correlation of 0.7 (p 0.05). The intensities, frequencies, and durations of HWEs in both geographical and social media space have high spatial heterogeneity. Its spatial variation can be explained by the type of climate zone and the unique geographical environment. The cities with extreme hot weather are more likely to adapt to the heatwave and less sensitivity to HWEs. The proposed framework, which integrates the real-time social media semantic analysis, statistical method, and spatial techniques, provides a new paradigm to assess the HWEs exposure and sensitivity analysis in China.
- Published
- 2020
19. Predominant regional biophysical cooling from recent land cover changes in Europe
- Author
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Geir-Arne Fuglstad, Xiangping Hu, Wenwu Zhao, Francesco Cherubini, Xu Zhou, and Bo Huang
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0301 basic medicine ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Climate change ,Land cover ,01 natural sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,lcsh:Science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,General Chemistry ,Adaptation strategies ,Environmental sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Geography ,Climate change mitigation ,Agriculture ,Air temperature ,Climate model ,lcsh:Q ,Physical geography ,Scale (map) ,business ,Climate sciences - Abstract
Around 70 Mha of land cover changes (LCCs) occurred in Europe from 1992 to 2015. Despite LCCs being an important driver of regional climate variations, their temperature effects at a continental scale have not yet been assessed. Here, we integrate maps of historical LCCs with a regional climate model to investigate air temperature and humidity effects. We find an average temperature change of −0.12 ± 0.20 °C, with widespread cooling (up to −1.0 °C) in western and central Europe in summer and spring. At continental scale, the mean cooling is mainly correlated with agriculture abandonment (cropland-to-forest transitions), but a new approach based on ridge-regression decomposing the temperature change to the individual land transitions shows opposite responses to cropland losses and gains between western and eastern Europe. Effects of historical LCCs on European climate are non-negligible and region-specific, and ignoring land-climate biophysical interactions may lead to sub-optimal climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies., Land cover change contributes to regional climate trends. Here, the authors use high-resolution land cover maps and state-of-the-art climate modelling to assess land cover change effects across Europe over 1992-2015, showing widespread cooling after agricultural abandonment but also different, region-specific effects.
- Published
- 2020
20. The influence of institutional pressures on climate mitigation and adaptation strategies
- Author
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Tiberio Daddi, Niccolò Maria Todaro, Maria Rosa De Giacomo, Natalia Marzia Gusmerotti, and Raimund Bleischwitz
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Public economics ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,Strategy and Management ,05 social sciences ,Climate change ,02 engineering and technology ,Adaptation strategies ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Business climate ,Econometric model ,Climate change mitigation ,Order (exchange) ,050501 criminology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Normative ,Business ,Institutional theory ,0505 law ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Starting from institutional theory, this study aims to explore the effects of coercive, normative and mimetic pressures on businesses climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. In order to test these hypotheses, the study relies on an econometric model by using data from 487 Italian manufacturing companies collected by a questionnaire-based survey. The empirical model based on a multivariate regression reveals that companies which perceive normative and mimetic pressures are more likely to have a higher climate change sensitivity. Moreover, companies with a higher climate change sensitivity are more likely to adopt both mitigation and adaptation strategies. The article provides several contributions. First the study contributes to the debate among institutional scholars by clarifying which institutional pressures exert a more incisive effect on pushing companies to adopt climate actions. Second, it highlights how internal factors play a mediating role between institutional pressures and business climate responses.
- Published
- 2020
21. Quantification of turbulent heat fluxes for adaptation strategies within urban planning.
- Author
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Goldbach, Anja and Kuttler, Wilhelm
- Subjects
- *
HEAT flux , *URBAN planning , *HEAT transfer , *BIOENERGETICS , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *DROUGHTS , *WATER supply - Abstract
With the objective of quantifying turbulent heat fluxes in areas with various types of urban land use to improve living and environmental conditions through better urban planning, comparative energy balance measurements using the eddy-covariance (EC) technique were conducted in Oberhausen (Germany) between 15 August 2010 and 15 April 2011. The results of this paper show that the sensible heat flux ( QH) is 20% higher and that the latent heat flux ( QE) is 90% lower at an urban site (URB) compared to a suburban site (SUB). Green spaces in cities counteract the growing thermal stresses on city dwellers and therefore represent a possible urban climate mitigation measure. This positive effect may be reduced or lost entirely during long periods of drought. The Bowen ratio ( QH/ QE) increased from 0.65 to 2.8 with decreasing soil moisture at the SUB, and the monthly average QE value decreased from 94 W m−2 (August 2010, heavy precipitation) to only 47 W m−2 (March 2011, dry period), providing impressive evidence of this relationship. Considering the aspects of urban climate, the creation of urban green spaces can only be effective if an optimum water supply is provided. Furthermore, additional planning recommendations are given for urban planners within cities located at mid-latitudes, as derived from the measured results. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Africa: Strategies, Synergies, and Constraints
- Author
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Linus Nyiwul
- Subjects
Sustainable development ,Climate change mitigation ,Resource constraints ,Climate change ,Capacity building ,Business ,Adaptation strategies ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Environmental planning ,Pace - Abstract
This chapter uses data on Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) to examine the nature of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions being pursued in African countries and assesses the extent to which preferred mitigation and adaptation priorities advance the cause of sustainable development on the continent. The prospective synergies between mitigation and adaptation approaches and sustainable development are assessed. Also, the pathways through which resource constraints and institutional and policy environment affect Africa’s ability to mitigate and adapt to climate change are examined, as well as the degree to which these constraints are being addressed. It is argued that Africa’s ability to benefit from sustainable development synergies embedded in the mitigation and adaptation strategies in the INDCs will be greatly limited by institutional and policy environment that hinders funding, capacity building, and technological innovation systems development. The slow pace of efforts to address these impediments further erodes confidence that climate adaptation in Africa will be effective at sufficiently contributing to a reduction in climate change risks to the continent.
- Published
- 2019
23. The interplay between urban mitigation and adaptation strategies to face climate change in two European countries
- Author
-
Irene Petrosillo, Donatella Valente, Maria Rita Pasimeni, Giovanni Zurlini, Rita Pasimeni, Maria, Valente, Donatella, Zurlini, Giovanni, and Petrosillo, Irene
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Best practice ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Urban adaptation ,Climate change ,Policy initiatives ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,Sustainable energy ,Climate change mitigation ,Urban adaptive capacity, Urban resilience, SECAPs, Adaptation strategies, Mitigation strategies ,Business ,Urban resilience ,Environmental planning ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The growing recognition of the contribution of urban areas to adaptation and mitigation strategies implemented in response to climate change has led to several policy initiatives. Among others, the “Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy” is the most acknowledged, providing local governments with the opportunity to overcome the mitigation-adaptation dichotomy and enhance urban resilience. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to analyse the synergy between adaptation and mitigation actions in some European Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans at an urban level. We will do this through: (1) the proposal of a novel classification model of climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, which will be capable of classifying, in a common way, the best practices carried out at an urban level; and (2) a comparison of the best climate change management practices carried out by two European countries (Italy and Spain). The classification model is based on three urban sectors: (1) Urban Adaptation and Health (UA&H), (2) Transport & Infrastructure (T&I), and (3) Energy (NRG). Urban management measures have been classified as soft (more focused on environmental information), gray (more focused on buildings), and green (more focused on nature-based solutions). The overall comparative analysis between Italy and Spain shows that in large and medium-sized Italian cities, mainly soft (52%) and green (28%) adaptation measures have been integrated into local energy-environmental planning in combination with mitigation actions. However, in both countries, decisions regarding the type of measures to be implemented are taken independently of the size of the city. This paper, in line with other research, highlights the importance of nature-based solutions as a first step in the integration process between adaptation and mitigation strategies at an urban level.
- Published
- 2019
24. Heat waves and adaptation strategies in a mediterranean urban context.
- Author
-
Maggiotto, Giuseppe, Miani, Alessandro, Rizzo, Emanuele, Castellone, Maria Domenica, and Piscitelli, Prisco
- Subjects
- *
HEAT waves (Meteorology) , *HEAT adaptation , *URBAN forestry , *CITIZENS' associations , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *CLIMATE change in literature - Abstract
Heat waves can be considered as an emerging challenge among the potential health risks generated by urbanization and climate changes. Heat waves are becoming more frequent, long and intense, and can be defined as meteorological extreme events consisting in prolonged time of extremely high temperatures in a particular region. The following paper addresses health threats due to heat waves presenting the case study of Lecce, a city located in Southern Italy; the Mediterranean area is already recognized in international literature as a hot-spot for climate changes. This work assesses the potential impact of two different adaptation strategies. Methods : We have tested the effectiveness of cool surfaces and urban forestry as adaptation approaches to cope with heat waves. The microclimate computer-based model "ENVI-met" was adopted to predict thermal scenarios arising from the two proposed interventions. The parameters analysed consisted in temperature and relative humidity. Results : Urban forestry approach seem to lower temperature (that represents the major cause of urban overheating) better than cool surfaces strategy, but relative humidity produced by the evapotranspiration processes of urban forestry has also negative influences on temperature perceived by pedestrians (thermal discomfort). Conclusion : Vegetation represents both an adaptation and a mitigation strategy to climate changes that guarantees an improvement of air quality, with consequent psychological and physical benefits. Wide campaigns aimed at planting trees and increasing the urban green coverage should be systematically planned and fostered by national, regional and local institutions preferably with the involvement of research departments, schools and citizens' associations. • Heat waves represent a health problem of increasing importance at global level. • Urban climate modelling allows planning adaptation strategies. • Thermal indices are to be evaluated before intervention on public spaces. • Green infrastructures are an effective strategy in lowering urban temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Introduction: Biodiverse Carbon Plantings as a Tool for Mitigating and Adapting to Climate Change
- Author
-
Nooshin Torabi
- Subjects
Climate change mitigation ,Wicked problem ,chemistry ,Agriculture ,business.industry ,Biodiversity ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Climate change ,Business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Adaptation strategies ,Carbon ,Environmental planning - Abstract
This chapter offers an extensive overview of climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. The Australian carbon farming policy as one of the means to tackle the wicked problem of climate change has been discussed in detail. This chapter also explores the role of landholders as change agents in the uptake of carbon farming policies.
- Published
- 2018
26. Harmonising CSR and Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies to Build Community Adaptive Capacity in Bali's Tourism Sector
- Author
-
Putu Indah Rahmawati, Min Jiang, and Terry DeLacy
- Subjects
Adaptive capacity ,Climate change mitigation ,business.industry ,Environmental resource management ,Corporate social responsibility ,Business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Adaptation strategies ,Social responsibility ,Sustainable tourism ,Tourism - Abstract
Building community adaptive capacity to tackle climate change risks in the tourism sector is challenging. It is limited by poverty, poor communication and knowledge, low levels of institutional capacity and a lack of support from government or tourism authorities. Using Bali as a case study, this chapter aims to demonstrate how tourism businesses could implement mitigation and adaptation strategies through their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, as well as help host communities to enhance their capacity to tackle climate change risks. In-depth interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), and observations were used to collect data. The findings of this study indicate that the CSR of tourism industries could enhance community adaptive capacity to climate change through environmental, economic and social responsibility. It is also concluded that the tourism industry's CSR initiatives can play an importance role in empowering communities to tackle environmental challenges.
- Published
- 2017
27. Climate Change: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies in Fisheries and Aquaculture in Nigeria
- Author
-
J. K. Ipinjolu and I. Magawata
- Subjects
business.industry ,Fishing ,Environmental resource management ,Fisheries ,Climate change ,Aquaculture ,Aquatic Science ,Adaptation strategies ,Pollution ,Fishery ,Geography ,Climate change mitigation ,Animal Science and Zoology ,business ,Adaptation (computer science) - Abstract
This paper examined possible mitigation and adaptation measures in small-scale fisheries, aquaculture and the fishing communities in Nigeria to cope with the impact of climate change. It is recognized that mitigation measures in fisheries are limited but must consider options on the inputs, equipments and methods employed in fishing and fish processing activities. Several opportunities for options in the country's artisanal fisheries and aquaculture, and by the fishing communities to reduce their vulnerability change impacts, and protect the livelihoods and food security have been identified. The areas of research on climate change to enhance knowledge on the socioeconomic , biolog1cal and ecological impacts, and to guide decision on mitigation and adaptation in fisheries and aquaculture and the fishing communities, are also outlined. Proper integration of fisheries and aquaculture into the national policy on climate change and the political will for implementation are key to effective climate change mitigation and to ensure sustainable fisheries, and protect the livelihoods and food security in the country.
- Published
- 2014
28. Climate Change
- Author
-
Katia Perini
- Subjects
Climate change mitigation ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Environmental science ,010501 environmental sciences ,Adaptation strategies ,01 natural sciences ,Environmental planning ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Published
- 2016
29. Climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for construction activities within planetary boundaries: Limitations of developing countries
- Author
-
Adedeji Afolabi, E. E. Eshofonie, Ignatius Omuh, Patience Tunji-Olayeni, and Rapheal A. Ojelabi
- Subjects
History ,business.industry ,Developing country ,Climate change ,Adaptation strategies ,Computer Science Applications ,Education ,Renewable energy ,Climate change mitigation ,Effects of global warming ,Planetary boundaries ,Business ,Environmental planning ,High rise - Abstract
Continued unsustainable human activities have ushered in a new climate regime where storms have become more intense, droughts periods are now longer, floods are incessant and the occurrence of wild fires more frequent. Mitigating the effects of climate change is crucial for minimizing the occurrence of hazards associated with climate change. Adapting to this new climate era is important for the continued existence of life on planet earth. This paper presents a review of climate mitigation and adaptation strategies with specific focus on the construction industry. It discusses the following climate mitigation and adaptation strategies: use of green energy, use of sustainable building materials, construction of high rise buildings and living building elements, use of innovative designs and construction methods and recycling of urban waste. The paper also argues that developing countries are most vulnerable to climate change effects but certain factors limit them from mitigating and adapting to climate change.
- Published
- 2019
30. The Role of Forests in Mitigating Climate Change – a Case Study for Europe
- Author
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Daniela Jacob, Diana Rechid, Kevin Sieck, Georg Kindermann, Andreas Hänsler, and Borbála Gálos
- Subjects
biogeophysical feedbacks ,Climate change ,Forestry ,Adaptation strategies ,climatic extremes ,climate change mitigation ,Forest cover ,Environmental protection ,afforestation ,Temperate climate ,Period (geology) ,Environmental science ,Afforestation ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,Climate model ,Physical geography ,Precipitation ,lcsh:Forestry - Abstract
A regional-scale case study has been carried out to assess the possible climatic benefits of forest cover increase in Europe. For the end of the 21st century (2071-2090) it has been investigated, whether the projected climate change could be reduced assuming potential afforestation of the continent. The magnitude of the biogeophysical effects of enhanced forest cover on temperature and precipitation means and extremes have been analyzed relative to the magnitude of the climate change signal applying the regional climate model REMO. The simulation results indicate that in the largest part of the temperate zone potential afforestation may reduce the projected climate change through cooler and moister conditions, thus could contribute to the mitigation of the projected climate change for the entire summer period. The largest relative effect of forest cover increase can be expected in northern Germany, Poland and Ukraine. Here, the projected precipitation decrease could be fully compensated, the temperature increase could be relieved by up to 0.5 °C, and the probability of extremely warm and dry days could be reduced. Results can help to identify the areas, where forest cover increase could be the most effective from climatic point of view. Thus they can build an important basis of the future adaptation strategies and forest policy.
- Published
- 2012
31. Rainfall pattern variability as climate change impact in The Wallacea Region
- Author
-
E Nurjani and I Pujiastuti
- Subjects
Climate change mitigation ,Meteorological disasters ,Climatology ,Climate change ,Environmental science ,Precipitation ,Adaptation strategies ,Monsoon - Abstract
The objective of the study is to observe the characteristic variability of rainfall pattern in the city located in every rainfall type, local (Kendari), monsoon (Manado), and equatorial (Palu). The result will be compared to determine which has the most significantly precipitation changing due to climate change impact. Rainfall variability in Indonesia illustrates precipitation variation thus the important variability is the variability of monthly rainfall. Monthly precipitation data for the period of 1961-2010 are collected from Indonesian Agency for Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency. This data is calculated with the normal test statistical method to analyze rainfall variability. The result showed the pattern of trend and variability of rainfall in every city with the own characteristic which determines the rainfall type. Moreover, there is comparison of rainfall pattern changing between every rainfall type. This information is useful for climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies especially in water resource management form precipitation as well as the occurrence of meteorological disasters.
- Published
- 2018
32. The Role of Economic Modelling for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
- Author
-
Francesco Bosello
- Subjects
Social group ,Climate change mitigation ,Equity (economics) ,Natural resource economics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Economics ,Climate change ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Adaptation strategies ,Social dimension ,Environmental planning ,Welfare ,media_common - Abstract
The three well known “pillars” of a successful policy are effectiveness, efficiency, and equity. But getting the optimal blend of these often conflicting ingredients is particularly challenging when climate change is involved. It induces short and very long-term impacts and global and local effects, and it affects welfare of societies as a whole, but with important asymmetries across social groups. Moreover, the climatic, environmental and social dimensions which are affected are complexly intertwined; their evolution is characterised by non-linearity, irreversibility and inherent unpredictability. Climate change impacts are thus highly uncertain. On their turn, the cost of mitigation and adaptation policies may be better, but yet far from being fully known.
- Published
- 2015
33. Issues in developing a capacity for integrated analysis of mitigation and adaptation
- Author
-
Thomas J. Wilbanks
- Subjects
Climate change mitigation ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,Scale (chemistry) ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Environmental resource management ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Adaptation strategies - Abstract
As policymakers and stakeholders increasingly consider relative merits and complementarities of climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, it is important to improve analytical capacities to support this process. Because a single analytical approach is unlikely to fit all needs, this paper explores potentials for an integrated analytical framework that incorporates both top–down and bottom–up approaches.
- Published
- 2005
34. A Sectoral Micro-Economic Approach to Scenario Selection and Development: The Case of the Greek Power Sector
- Author
-
Alexandros Flamos
- Subjects
Control and Optimization ,020209 energy ,Control (management) ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Power sector ,lcsh:Technology ,policy assessment ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Selection (linguistics) ,Economics ,Power market ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,generation capacity adequacy ,actor-based modeling and analysis ,power market ,scenario development ,lcsh:T ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Management science ,Stakeholder ,Environmental economics ,Adaptation strategies ,Incentive ,Climate change mitigation ,13. Climate action ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Generating policy-relevant scenarios is instrumental for understanding and developing policy measures. These are especially relevant to the power sector. Practitioners have been working on policy-relevant scenarios for the ex-ante assessment of policy measures in a meaningful way for end-users related to climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. This paper presents a method for generating such policy relevant scenarios by focusing on the actor-contingent elements of the scenarios, i.e., the developments that are within the control of system actors to change or bring about. Several scenario techniques focusing on systematic-formalized or quantitative approaches have been published on this front over the past few years. Here, we introduce a methodology that is best suited for the assessment of the expected effect of different policy measures on the involved stakeholders’ behavior as well as for the analysis of the interactions between different policy measures as reflected on their impact on the strength and direction of the provided incentives. The applicability of our methodology is demonstrated for the case of the Greek power market. It was further evaluated in view of the challenges related to the issues of generation capacity adequacy and increased fiscal deficit. The strategic implications of the proposed approach concern the demonstration of the benefits from adopting a policy assessment methodology that focus on stakeholder expectations and interactions.
- Published
- 2016
35. Synergies and trade-offs between climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies: lessons from social technologies in the semiarid region of Bahia, Brazil, Latin America
- Author
-
Andréa Cardoso Ventura, Julio Lumbreras, Luz Fernández, and José Célio Silveira Andrade
- Subjects
Knowledge-based systems ,Climate change mitigation ,Geography ,Latin Americans ,business.industry ,Environmental resource management ,Trade offs ,Spatial ecology ,Climate change ,business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Adaptation strategies - Abstract
Historically, global efforts at dealing with climate change have narrowly focused on mitigation. However, recent studies suggest that mitigation and adaptation efforts need to be combined. This article aims to present evidence from local strategies to address climate change that can be eventually 'upscaled' and that can permeate the international climate change agenda. This research is focused on the Bahian semiarid region, characterised by severe and frequent droughts. The local populations, using their local knowledge systems, of which social technologies are a clear manifestation, have experienced new ways of dealing with their reality. This empirical analysis provides basic understanding of possible trade-offs and synergies between local mitigation and adaptation strategies at the community level. Results suggest that trade-offs can be avoided and synergies exploited, at least in the near-term and over limited spatial scale. Some of the identified local strategies could be replicable in other semiarid regions in Latin America and all around the world.
- Published
- 2016
36. Costing Adaptation through Local Institutions : Village Survey Results - Mali
- Author
-
World Bank
- Subjects
NATIONAL ACTION ,NATURAL FERTILITY ,MIGRANT ,COST OF ADAPTATION ,COST OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY ,NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ,RURAL DEVELOPMENT ,ADAPTATION INITIATIVES ,FOOD SHORTAGES ,PESTICIDE ,ADAPTATION ,LOGISTICAL SUPPORT ,FRUITS ,COMPLICATIONS ,GA ,TEMPORARY MIGRATION ,ADAPTATION COST ,ADAPTATION OPTION ,OCCUPATIONS ,VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY ,INHABITANTS ,COPE WITH CLIMATE VARIABILITY ,INTERVENTIONS ,FUTURE ADAPTATION ,SELF-HELP ,POLITICAL SUPPORT ,WATER MANAGEMENT ,ADAPTATION PROCESS ,ETHNIC GROUPS ,MITIGATION ,INFORMATION SYSTEMS ,ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ,RAINFALL VARIABILITY ,ADAPTATION EFFORTS ,CASH CROPS ,FLOOD ,VEGETABLES ,VULNERABILITY ,DISTRICTS ,INFORMATION SYSTEM ,RAIN ,ADAPTATION PROCESSES ,FOOD PRODUCTION ,ADAPTATION INTERVENTIONS ,POLICY IMPLICATIONS ,YOUNG CHILDREN ,SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,ADAPTING ,GOVERNMENT POLICIES ,NATIONAL AUTHORITIES ,COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ,RURAL POPULATION ,FLOODING ,MINORITY ,FOOD STORAGE ,PESTICIDES ,TEMPERATURES ,CITIZENS ,COSTS OF ADAPTATION OPTIONS ,MISUNDERSTANDING ,TEMPERATURE ,DROUGHT ,IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,DISSEMINATION ,RURAL ENVIRONMENT ,DROUGHT HAZARD ,VILLAGES ,GENDER DIFFERENCES ,HOUSEHOLDS ,ECONOMIC POLICIES ,RESPECT ,DEVELOPMENT PLANS ,SOIL EROSION ,TEMPERATURE CHANGES ,CHANGES IN RAINFALL REGIMES ,DEPENDENCY RATIO ,COPING CAPACITY ,LEGAL STATUS ,ADAPTATION RESPONSES ,HOUSEHOLD SIZE ,POLICY FRAMEWORK ,QUALITY OF LIFE ,VILLAGE COMMUNITIES ,SHELTER ,POPULATION PRESSURE ,RICE ,CEREALS ,FOOD SHORTAGE ,FLOODS ,JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN ,NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ,EXTENDED FAMILIES ,AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES ,CLIMATE ADAPTATION ,CLIMATE ,PLANTATIONS ,IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,GENDER ,ADAPTATION PRACTICES ,COSTS OF ADAPTATION ,MAIZE ,LOCAL POPULATION ,HEAT WAVES ,CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ,SPONSORS ,MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,CLIMATE CHANGES ,LEVELS OF EDUCATION ,FLOOD RISK ,DESCRIPTION ,AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL ,VILLAGE LEVEL ,LOCAL ADAPTATION ,JOB OPPORTUNITIES ,ROOT CROPS ,ADAPTATION COSTS ,VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,RAINFALL ,AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ,RURAL ECONOMY ,MIGRANTS ,ADAPTATION MEASURES ,HOUSES ,ADAPTATION STRATEGY ,PEANUTS ,DISEASES ,ADAPTATION PROJECT ,IMPACTS OF DROUGHTS ,CLIMATE HAZARDS ,INTERVENTION ,SETTLEMENT ,TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONS ,TELEVISION ,PERSONAL HEALTH ,CLIMATE MODELS ,NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS ,RURAL AREAS ,CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES ,NATURAL RESOURCE ,DRY SEASON ,CEREAL PRODUCTION ,MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ,LEVEL OF EDUCATION ,GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ,EFFECTIVE ADAPTATION ,HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS ,FAMILY MEMBERS ,IMPACT OF CLIMATE ,AGRICULTURE ,SOCIAL PROBLEMS ,KINSHIP ,DWELLINGS ,EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY ,NATIONAL ADAPTATION ,ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE ,RAINFALL FLUCTUATIONS ,CLIMATE IMPACTS ,CLIMATE CONDITIONS ,CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARDS ,REMITTANCES ,FOOD SECURITY ,SELF HELP ,ADAPTATION PROGRAM ,ADAPTATION ACTIVITIES ,LOCAL GOVERNMENTS ,FORMAL EDUCATION ,CLIMATE HAZARD ,ETHNIC GROUP ,DATES ,SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ,RURAL COMMUNITIES ,MIGRATION ,HOUSEHOLD INCOME ,HAZARDS ,HEAT ,SOCIAL STRUCTURE ,EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,LOCAL CLIMATE ,CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION ,NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ,RAINY SEASON ,COSTS OF ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS ,CASH CROP ,LOCAL AUTHORITIES ,DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ,NATURAL RESOURCES ,SERIES OF MEETINGS ,IFPRI ,CAPACITY BUILDING ,WATER RESOURCES ,IMPLEMENT ADAPTATION ,URBAN AREAS ,ECOSYSTEM ,FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS ,LACK OF INFORMATION - Abstract
This report presents the results of the World Bank funded project on Costing Adaptation through Local Institutions (CALI). The objectives of the CALI project are to: (1) identify the costs of adaptation through local institutions, and (2) investigate which institutions support households in adapting to climate variability, what efforts and costs are needed to realize the adaptation options, and how they facilitate adaptation to climate variability. The study has been carried out in Mali, Ethiopia, and Yemen. This report discusses the results for Mali.
- Published
- 2011
37. Guide to Climate Change Adaptation in Cities
- Author
-
World Bank Group
- Subjects
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION EFFORTS ,CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ,ADAPTIVE ACTIONS ,CLIMATE CHANGES ,CLIMATE RISKS ,COST OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,SEA-LEVEL RISE ,ECONOMIC GROWTH ,URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE ,UNCERTAINTIES ,ADAPTATION AGENDA ,DISASTER EVENTS ,HURRICANE ,ASSESSING CLIMATE CHANGE ,WEATHER INSURANCE ,ADAPTATION EFFORT ,APPROACH TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,CONVERGENCE ,DISASTER REDUCTION ,ABSORPTION ,AVOIDING CLIMATE CHANGE ,EXTREME WEATHER ,RISKS FROM CLIMATE CHANGE ,CLIMATIC VARIATIONS ,CYCLONE ACTIVITY ,VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,CLIMATE CHANGE ANALYSIS ,LAND USE ,RAINFALL ,INCOME ,CLIMATE-CHANGE ,LAND USE DECISIONS ,NEGATIVE IMPACTS ,ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES ,CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ,ADAPTATION MEASURES ,WATER TEMPERATURE ,TROPICAL CYCLONE ,VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE IMPACTS ,FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE ,WATER TREATMENT ,CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE ,CLIMATE HAZARDS ,DISASTER RISK REDUCTION ,COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS ,RATE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,SEA-LEVEL ,EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS ,RISK MANAGEMENT ,GREENHOUSE GAS ,COPE WITH CLIMATE CHANGE ,ADAPTATION PROCESS ,INFORMATION ON CLIMATE ,INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE ,ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ,CLIMATE RISK ,CLIMATES ,CLIMATE RESEARCH ,AIR TEMPERATURES ,FLOOD ,GLOBAL WARMING ,LOW-CARBON ,CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PLANNING ,SOCIAL AFFAIRS ,FINANCIAL CAPACITY ,EROSION CONTROL ,SEA WALLS ,CLIMATE-RELATED DISASTER ,ENERGY DEMAND ,RAIN ,EXTREME HEAT ,ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ,GLOBAL CLIMATE ,CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION FUNDING ,METEOROLOGICAL DATA ,ADAPTATION PLANS ,SCIENTISTS ,ECONOMIC BENEFITS ,GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ,HOT SUMMERS ,ADAPTING ,FINANCIAL DECISION ,SUMMER HEAT WAVES ,EFFECTIVE ADAPTATION ,GREENHOUSE ,ACTUAL CHANGES IN CLIMATE ,COST-BENEFIT ,CLIMATE CHANGE ,STORM SURGES ,FLOODING ,DUST ,ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ,ELECTRICITY ,STORMS ,CARBON ,ADAPTATION TOOLS ,CLIMATE VARIABILITY ,GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ,TEMPERATURES ,CLIMATE EXTREMES ,TYPHOONS ,ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE ,HURRICANES ,IMPACTS FROM CLIMATE CHANGE ,CLIMATE FACTORS ,UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES ,CLIMATE IMPACTS ,TEMPERATURE ,CLIMATE CONDITIONS ,CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARDS ,DROUGHT ,DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ,LONG-TERM CLIMATE CHANGE ,DROUGHT RISK ,IPCC ,AIR ,CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS ,TROPICAL CYCLONES ,CLIMATE PROTECTION ,INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ,URBAN HEAT ,URBAN HEAT ISLAND ,FLOOD CONTROL ,AIR POLLUTION ,CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY ,ADAPTIVE RESPONSES ,INVESTMENT DECISIONS ,LAND DEGRADATION ,PRECIPITATION ,ECONOMICS OF ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ,ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT ,ENERGY USE ,INSURANCE ,ADAPTIVE CAPACITY ,HOT DAYS ,CLIMATE RISK REDUCTION ,ADAPTATION INVESTMENTS ,HEAVY RAINS ,CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH ,CLIMATE POLICY ,CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ,DISASTER RESILIENCE ,CLIMATE CHANGE DATA ,MALADAPTATION ,CLIMATE CHANGE ASSESSMENTS ,ADAPTATION ISSUES ,NATURAL DISASTER ,COST OF PRODUCTION ,EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE ,LOCAL CLIMATE ,ALTITUDE ,ADAPTATION FINANCING ,ADAPTATION RESPONSES ,CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION ,FINANCIAL RESOURCES ,URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT ,CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS ,DAMAGES ,ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGY ,HEAT-RELATED MORTALITY ,CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE ,CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENTS ,ENERGY EFFICIENCY ,AIR QUALITY ,ICE ,WATER QUALITY ,CLIMATE AGENDA ,INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE ,RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,CLIMATE ADAPTATION ,ADAPTATION DEFICIT ,CLIMATE ,CLIMATE ACTION ,DISASTER RISK ,IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,UNEP ,ECONOMIC IMPACTS ,TREE SPECIES ,ADAPTATION APPROACH ,ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ,ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ,ECOSYSTEM ,GHG ,PRESENT VALUE - Abstract
Cities face significant impacts from climate change, both now and into the future. These impacts have potentially serious consequences for human health, livelihoods, and assets, especially for the urban poor, informal settlements, and other vulnerable groups. Climate change impacts range from an increase in extreme weather events and flooding to hotter temperatures and public health concerns. Cities in low elevation coastal zones, for instance, face the combined threat of sea-level rise and storm surges. The specific impacts on each city will depend on the actual changes in climate experienced (for example, higher temperatures or increased rainfall), which will vary from place to place. Climate change will increase the frequency at which some natural hazards occur, especially extreme weather events, and introduce new incremental impacts that are less immediate. However, few climate impacts will be truly unfamiliar to cities. Cities have always lived with natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, and flooding. In some situations, cities will experience an increase in the frequency of existing climate-related hazards, such as flooding. Climate change considerations can be integrated with disaster risk reduction (DRR) in cities. DRR efforts already familiar to many may be used as a platform from which to develop climate change adaptation plans. In practical terms, disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation can be integrated in many instances, although cities should also consider incremental or gradual changes in climate that affect government operations or community life in less immediate and visible ways than conventional disasters. Approaches to collecting information on climate change impacts in a city can range from highly technical and resource-intensive, to simple and inexpensive. Technically complex assessments are likely to require collaboration with external experts, if a city is not large or well-resourced with sufficient in-house capacity.
- Published
- 2011
38. Chapter 11 Australia's tourism carbon footprint
- Author
-
Larry Dwyer, Ray Spurr, Serajul Hoque, and Peter Forsyth
- Subjects
Climate change mitigation ,Geography ,Scope (project management) ,Natural resource economics ,business.industry ,Greenhouse gas ,Environmental resource management ,Carbon footprint ,Production (economics) ,business ,Adaptation strategies ,Tourism - Abstract
This chapter explores the issues in estimating the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the tourism industry and related activities in Australia. A production-based approach is employed and its rationale is explained. The scope of tourism consists of the economic activities of tourism-characteristic and tourism-connected sectors as defined in the Australian Tourism Satellite Account (TSA). The GHG emissions have been estimated for 2003–04, the latest year for which detailed industry GHG emissions data are available in a form suitable for this type of estimate. Tourism's GHG emissions are compared with other industries in the Australian economy. The policy implications of the results are discussed. It should be possible to adopt a broadly similar method for any destination with a TSA, enabling tourism stakeholders to play an informed role in assessing appropriate climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for their destination.
- Published
- 2010
39. Status of practice of climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies among intensive dairy systems in Uganda
- Author
-
Dannie Romney, N. Halberg, J. S. Tenywa, Sarah Mubiru, and W. Nanyeenya
- Subjects
Climate change mitigation ,business.industry ,Environmental resource management ,Environmental science ,business ,Adaptation strategies ,Environmental planning - Published
- 2009
40. Report highlights climate change risk to oceans
- Author
-
Sarah Zielinki
- Subjects
Ocean policy ,Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere ,Climate change ,Global change ,Adaptation strategies ,language.human_language ,German ,Climate change mitigation ,Environmental protection ,Political science ,language ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European union ,Environmental planning ,media_common - Abstract
Human-induced changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels will have severe consequences for oceans, concluded a 31 May report from the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU). The WGBU wrote the report, which was released in English on 26 July, in order to draw attention to the need to develop climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and to contribute to the development of a European Union ocean policy.
- Published
- 2006
Catalog
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