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The teachings of Pancasila are very important teachings to be understood and applied to everyday life in order to shape the good nature of the nation's children in the era of globalization. Pancasila is the basis of the State of Indonesia, meaning that Pancasila acts as a source in making all decisions. Based on the findings obtained from several sources, such as articles, books, and scientific papers related to the research topic, it is stated that pancasila and globalization are two conflicting factors. Over time, humans living their lives in the world will experience changes in various fields. Written changes that affect the good and bad of the way people live their lives. Pancasila is the national symbol of Indonesia, which means Pancasila as a key figure in conveying the moral message of the nation. Pancasila is a view to live in order to live a peaceful and dignified society. Implementing Pancasila is an important task that we must immediately realize considering that globalization is currently continuously developing and its impact is flowing rapidly. These actions are intended to mitigate the negative effects of globalization and outside influences. If the implementation of Pancasila is done properly, the negative impact of globalization can be minimized so that we can use the impact of globalization to encourage progress in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Befriending with net friends in real life is an important choice for people who live in a fast-paced lifestyle, but results are unsatisfactory and even cause a lot of malignant events. Therefore, this paper simulates the whole process of Internet friend-making through the construction of game model and field experiment, with the aim of showing the behavior logic of people with limited rational when they try to befriend with net friends in real life. This paper aims to give more behavior guidance to related participants. Results from this research show that in the process of making friends on the Internet, the basis for people befriending with net friends in real life is that they assume that their conditions are equal. But in off-line activities, they cannot improve their effectiveness, which then terminates their communication. Therefore, this paper suggests that Internet social users should distinguish Internet friend-making from traditional friend-making, and do not have too many unrealistic expectations of Internet friend-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Person clitics show proclitic attachment in some West Iranian languages. Nevertheless, most of the literature has continued to focus on enclitics. This paper provides evidence that a good number of modern languages have developed proclitics, presumably from the middle Iranian period onward. Using synchronic data from modern languages gathered in the field, and contrasting it with the Middle Iranian period and current clausal second-position clitic systems, we develop some hypotheses regarding the rise of proclitics in modern languages. We argue that proclitic attachment has resulted from the reanalysis and/or the loss of clause-initial clitic hosting particles of the Middle Iranian period, and the actualization of the stray clitic as a proclitic on some host to the right. This trajectory from second position enclitics to proclitics, which is also attested in Old Romance and Uto-Aztecan, is argued to have been triggered by head attraction and rightward drift of clitics from clause-second position toward the verb in modern languages, giving rise to VP-based and Verb-based cliticization systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Albania'sstate-socialist period constitutes one of the most intensive phases of change in the sphere of its tradicional music, especially in traditional urban song. Its subjection to state administration and ideological criteria have not yet been properly researched, despite their obvious scholarly interest. This paper aims to take a step in this direction, relating to Shkodra's urban song as a case study. Initially an outline of socialist policies concerning folklore and traditional music is made, deepening then specifically on its stance towardstradicional urban song. Distingushing three relatively distinct phases of this,an analysis of the actual cultural work with urban song is made, concentrating on the two constitutive processes of filtering or elaborationto which the tradition was subjected: selection and actualization. Being impossible to instrumentalize without perverting its style, the traditional repertoire was politically sanitized by stripping off its metaphysical dimension, purging "class enemies", and "moderating" its emotionality. On the other hand, ubiquitous traditional motives like the flower, the nightingale or the spring were too convenient for the socialist idyll, preserving moreover the semblance of "folk" authenticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study's objective was to explore occupational well-being of brick kiln workers. The impetus of this research is to improve the brick kiln laborers' well-being. The study's population of concern included the four districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Two districts selected from the South, Punjab, Multan and Jhang, and two from east of the Punjab are Sialkot and Kasur. The in-depth interviews (qualitative) & interview schedule (quantitative) methods were used to collect data. For the qualitative part, 10 stakeholders were selected purposively for in-depth interviews. For quantitative part, the convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. Both, qualitative data and quantitative data were analyzed through diverse statistics procedures as per requirements of study. Results show that occupational well-being was moderately positively correlated with theoretical model of Keyes. The findings are based on qualitative part with theme interpretation, and next quantitative part is divided into two distinct segments, namely descriptive data analysis and inferential data analysis. Data was analyzed by using SPSS & smart PLS-SEM, which are main tools used to scrutinize structural equation models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Skilful use of the rhetorical tropes which typify the language of serious political occasions — described here as "rhetorical weight" — is closely associated with charismatic political leaders. This paper studies the political rhetoric of a skilled exponent of the art, Chris Patten, the last British colonial governor of Hong Kong, and shows how he used rhetorical weight to promote his political agenda. Detailed analysis of four segments of Patten's political oratory, spread over the period of his five-year term of office, highlights his heavy use of the tropes of metaphor, antithesis, parallelism, actualisation, and the unities of time, place and action. The paper demonstrates how the use of these tropes related to Patten's overall political goals and their manipulative nature within the context of his discursive construction of Britain's imperial/national history and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides highly grammaticalized analytic verb forms that constitute the system's main tense, aspect, and mood forms, Basque has a handful of less grammaticalized periphrases for secondary aspectual and modal meanings. In both older and more recent texts, some of these periphrases have been reanalyzed as monoclausal and readjusted in accordance with the auxiliated verb's argument structure. This readjustment or actualization process involves changes in two respects: case-marking and indexation through auxiliary change. The reanalysis and actualization of theses periphrases seem to be driven by analogy with highly extended and frequent analytic verb forms. With regard to their actualization, it seems to depend on three factors: word order, valency of the auxiliated verb, and plural patient agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blogs are useful tools to research and to disseminate information. As they allow people who do not have specific knowledge on the building of sites to post content on the internet, they turned out to be very popular. In the past years, there has been a rapid expansion of blogs on several subjects and nowadays there are over 156 million blogs online. Neurosurgery was not out of this wave, and several blogs related to it can be found on the internet. The objective of this paper is to describe, in general, the functions of a blog and to provide initial guidance for the creation and the adequate use of neurosurgical blogs. Some interesting blogs and their features are also listed as examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Respectus Philologicus is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anselmian theism holds that there necessarily exists a being, God, who is essentially unsurpassable in power, knowledge, goodness, and wisdom. This being is also understood to be the creator and sustainer of all that is. In contemporary analytic philosophy of religion, this role is generally understood as follows: God surveys the array of possible worlds, and in his wisdom selects exactly one for actualization, based on its axiological properties. In this paper, I discuss an under-appreciated challenge for this account of the Anselmian God's selection of a world. In particular, I urge that there are failures of comparability between various possible worlds, and I argue that, given certain assumptions, these failures threaten the rationality of God's choice of a world. To the extent that rationality is deemed necessary for unsurpassability, this result also challenges the core Anselmian notion that God is an unsurpassable being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The general aim of this paper is to extend the Modal-Hamiltonian interpretation of quantum mechanics to the case of relativistic quantum mechanics with gauge U(1) fields. In this case we propose that the actual-valued observables are the Casimir operators of the Poincaré group and of the group U(1) of the internal symmetry of the theory. Moreover, we also show that the magnitudes that acquire actual values in the relativistic and in the non-relativistic cases are correctly related through the adequate limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Theologica Xaveriana is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Indonesian Democracy Index for Lampung Province was ranked 8th in 2021 reaching 80.18 (BPS: 2021). West Tulang Bawang Regency has an indicator of human development at level 4, the lowest in a Regency/City in Lampung Province with a percentage of 66.22 (BPS: 2021), based on indicators of freedom, equality and capacity of democratic institutions. This scientific study aims to examine the actualization of democratic values based on the local wisdom of the people of Tulang Bawang, West Lampung. This type of research is field research which leads to naturalistic research with the nature of qualitative research. Primary data sources are purposive sampling as the key informants can be representative and data processing methods are obtained from observations, interviews and documentation from community leaders and humanists. Inductive data analysis involves methods with reduction stages, data presentation and data verification. The local wisdom of the West Tulang Bawang community consists of the Nenemo Philosophy and the Ragem Sai Mangi Wawai Program. Democratic values that are highly respected in the world include freedom, openness, equality, justice and responsibility. Associated with local wisdom, it turns out that democratic values already exist in the principles of life in the cultural wisdom of Pepadun. Attitudes and behaviors in the Pepadun culture of the West Tulang Bawang community, of course, have meanings including Mes which means to endure, Nedes which means to hold on deeper, Ago which means to want, Kuwawo which means to be able to be internalized in a multicultural society by reflecting hard work, nemen which means earnest, nedes which means resilient, and nekhimo which means to accept God's gift sincerely. The people of Tulang Bawang Barat have values of equality, and responsibility in social life. The meaning of Ragem Sai Mangi Wawai comes from the language of the Lampung tribe Pepadun Megow Pak Tulang Bawang which is used as the motto as well as the movement's unifying motto in carrying out the development of both infrastructure and social morals in West Tulang Bawang Regency using indicators of justice, freedom, and openness as a concrete form of cultural diversity. Among religion, ethnicity, and other social groups, the people of Lampung Pepadun who are in Tulang Bawang Barat are united in all ways to achieve success together without eliminating or undermining other groups. This is in line with the actualization of democracy as well as this distinctive culture as striving for the civilization of ethnic communities in challenging times. This component is related to democratic government which is carried out by involving the participation of people both in democracy and development, and does not abandon noble ideals on the basis of values that are born from conscience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the theme of updating of Cuba's economic model mainly from the perspective of economic and political philosophy and its interdisciplinary contexts. First, it examines the historical origins of Cuba's socialist model and the subsequent changes after the fall of the Eastern Bloc. Second, it analyses the actualization of Cuba's model in the first two decades of the 21st century, that is, mainly the introduction of market and private ownership to complement planning and public ownership. Third, it explains the codification of these changes in the new constitution. Forth and finally, it focuses on an interpretation of international cooperation both in Latin America, especially within the framework of the two pink tides, and with other partners in global interactions, particularly China. This will make it possible to understand the updated Cuba's model, which the author has coined strategic socialism with Cuban characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetically modified crops have generated a lot of controversy on intellectual property rights. GM crops, also called Genetically Engineering (GE) crops contain altered genetic materials, or have genes transferred from other organisms to introduce new agronomic traits to production. The common targeted traits of GM crops include herbicide tolerance, pet, and pathogen resistance, a biotic stress tolerance, and product quality. GM technology has been applied in many major field crops, including soybean, corn, cotton, and canola by planting GM crops. Farmers may benefit from increased yields, less use of herbicide and pesticide, lower production costs, reduced cost of labour and capital equipment, and improved agricultural productivity. This paper critically appraises genetically modified crops, vis-a-vis, intellectual property rights, and satisfies itself that controversy really exists. It describes the benefits that genetic modified seed can provide to farmers, as well as the concerns that farmers should address before utilizing these seeds. It appraises the case for and against genetically modified crops and opines that the case for genetically modified crops is meritorious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La notion de coût équivalent a été introduite, il y a une dizaine d'années, à propos de la comparaison économique de matériels de transmission, pendant une période d'accroissement rapide du réseau téléphonique. Cet article propose une nouvelle définition du coût équivalent, à la fois plus simple et plus générale, non limitée aux coûts d'investissement et indépendante du type de croissance des demandes. Le problème du choix du matériel est d'abord traité dans le cas d'une croissance des besoins linéaires dans le temps, puis généralisé au cas d'une croissance quelconque. Les résultats sont appliqués aux matériels les plus usuels qui sont caractérisés d'un point de vue économique soit par un coût linéaire en fonction de la capacité, soit par un facteur d'économie d'échelle constant. The equivalent cost method has been introduced, some ten years ago, when comparing transmission equipment from an economical point of view, during a period of rapid growth of the telephone network. This paper proposes a new definition for the equivalent cost, which is more simple and more general, not limited to the equipment costs, and independent from the type of growth. The problem of the equipment choice is first treated in the case of a linear growth of needs, versus time, and is then generalized to any kind of growth. The results are applied to the more frequently used equipment which are characterized from an economical point of view either by a linear cost versus capacity, or by an economy of scale with constant economy-of-scale coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theory teaching and learning very calculated in influencing a history and culture as well as confess that school, besides reproduce knowledge, also reproduce injustice social. This article focuses on activity of literacy mathematics through interaction social in context certain, no on performance Skills someone 's math in isolation from context. It is in focus on practice activity literacy mathematics as culture, history, and political. Perspective practice social on literacy mathematics no ignore importance learning based school or skills technical. This paper aims to convey the actualization of theory based literacy math, so could give contribution.

The research focuses on the problem of interpretation of such a concept as the origin, which is ultimate for philosophical thought and bases existentially oriented constructions of Franz Rosenzweig and Martin Heidegger. It is argues in this paper the fundamental difference between the interpretations of the origin in “The Star of Redemption» and in «Being and Time”, despite all points of intersection and coincidences that bring closer together dialogical and existential-historical thinking. Such differentiation of positions is determined by the necessity both to neutralize romantic connotations, which expose the origin ( Ursprung ) as abyss ( Abgrund ), and to methodologically clarify the possibility not so much to think as to practically assert a limited and unclosed within itself integral being, including ontological and ethical dimensions. The origin of oblivion and renewal, imposed by Heidegger’s hermeneutics of facticity, is contrasted with Rosenzweig's origin of the “eternal overworld”, reconstructed on the basis of Herman Cohen's religio-philosophical intuitions and his analysis of the infinitesimal as a principle of reality. Rosenzweig’s position, which aims at a correlative consideration of the purely logical content of the infinitesimal quantity (almost-Nothing) and the existential experience of the finiteness of everything, is favorably distinguished by the absence of a one-sided focus on recalling, where fore-running although is declared, but it is immediately restrained by being-towards-death. As a result, Rosenzweig’s dialogism turns out to be free from overestimating what Heidegger’s interpretation calls resoluteness, which in fact is not much different from paralysis in the clearance of being. Cohen’s problem of an infinite task's realization, being actualized in Rosenzweig’s conception, allows to go beyond being-towards-death in juxtaposing the trajectories of initial elements into a true gestalt.

Schmemann's harsh judgement of the antiphons of Holy Friday matins invites us to consider the role of hymnography in the liturgical celebration. By analysing the historical context of the appearance of the antiphons – according to the methodology proposed by Schmemann – it is possible to consider the way in which these hymns make use of scriptural material by means of patristic intertextuality. The hymns privilege some biblical interpretations in order to encourage the believer to join in the participation in the Kingdom. This parenetic bias, however, often masks the eschatological message contained in the hymns themselves, and even degenerates into denunciatory rhetoric. It is then necessary to recontextualize the functions of hymnography to actualize it, especially by questioning its relationship to Scripture in order to refocus on the theological message. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Three fundamental IT affordances in an organization, namely collaborative affordance, organizational memory affordance, and process management affordance are considered. • These affordances harmonically coalign to produce the overall harmonic IT affordance (HITA) of the organization. • HITA is actualized by organizational courage to produce two forms of innovation: exploratory and exploitative. • The effect of actualized HITA is higher on exploratory innovation than exploitative innovation. • Exploitative innovation leads to exploratory innovation. • Two studies, one in US and the other in China lend support for our theory. Researchers and practitioners have long believed that information technology (IT) is a key tool for fostering innovation. However, there is a certain inconsistency in the literature, which makes it challenging for researchers to figure out exactly how and why IT plays such a pivotal, strategic organizational role. The motivation for this research is the multiple contradictory results reported by studies investigating the influence of information technology (IT) on organizational innovation. This study utilizes a fit-based perspective in an attempt to disentangle these contradictions. Using Venkatraman's (1989) seminal paper on fit, we conceive of two critical fit-based concepts: harmonious IT affordance in an organization (HITA) and a subsequent fit between HITA and organizational courage. HITA reflects a covariance fit (coalignment) between the three major IT affordances in an organization—collaborative affordance, organizational memory affordance, and process management affordance. Organizational courage reflects the boldness (risk-taking ability) of the organization. Finally, HITA and organizational courage represent a matching fit (reflected as actualized HITA) that influences two kinds of innovation: exploratory and exploitative. Two studies, conducted in the US and Chinese contexts, provide support for this theory. The main contribution of the paper is in showing that IT can lead to innovation if (a) organizational IT affordances harmoniously coalign (as HITA); (b) and, organizational courage acts as a powerful contingency that actualizes HITA, and this actualized HITA influences innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the notion of virtual memory in Bergson’s philosophy, with special regard to the question of the independence of memory and the complex intertwining of spiritual recollections with perception. Attention is devoted to the Bergsonian analysis of the actualization of virtual contents. The author also confronts the Bergsonian notion of unconscious with that of Freud’s. It seems that the notion of virtual memory is relevant not only from a psychological or an epistemological perspective, but it has also some consequences with regard to practical philosophy. An excursus is devoted to the Deleuzien interpretation of virtuality. At the end of the paper the author discusses the immanent tensions within the Bergsonian concept of virtual memory from the aspect of temporal verticality, the impossible localization of virtuality and freedom.

Copyright of SJOT: Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

I take non-locality to be the Michelson–Morley experiment of the early 21st century, assume its universal validity, and try to derive its consequences. Spacetime, with its locality, cannot be fundamental, but must somehow be emergent from entangled coherent quantum variables and their behaviors. There are, then, two immediate consequences: (i). if we start with non-locality, we need not explain non-locality. We must instead explain an emergence of locality and spacetime. (ii). There can be no emergence of spacetime without matter. These propositions flatly contradict General Relativity, which is foundationally local, can be formulated without matter, and in which there is no "emergence" of spacetime. If these be true, then quantum gravity cannot be a minor alteration of General Relativity but must demand its deep reformulation. This will almost inevitably lead to: matter not only curves spacetime, but "creates" spacetime. We will see independent grounds for the assertion that matter both curves and creates spacetime that may invite a new union of quantum gravity and General Relativity. This quantum creation of spacetime consists of: (i) fully non-local entangled coherent quantum variables. (ii) The onset of locality via decoherence. (iii) A metric in Hilbert space among entangled quantum variables by the sub-additive von Neumann entropy between pairs of variables. (iv) Mapping from metric distances in Hilbert space to metric distances in classical spacetime by episodic actualization events. (v) Discrete spacetime is the relations among these discrete actualization events. (vi) "Now" is the shared moment of actualization of one among the entangled variables when the amplitudes of the remaining entangled variables change instantaneously. (vii) The discrete, successive, episodic, irreversible actualization events constitute a quantum arrow of time. (viii) The arrow of time history of these events is recorded in the very structure of the spacetime constructed. (ix) Actual Time is a succession of two or more actual events. The theory inevitably yields a UV cutoff of a new type. The cutoff is a phase transition between continuous spacetime before the transition and discontinuous spacetime beyond the phase transition. This quantum creation of spacetime modifies General Relativity and may account for Dark Energy, Dark Matter, and the possible elimination of the singularities of General Relativity. Relations to Causal Set Theory, faithful Lorentzian manifolds, and past and future light cones joined at "Actual Now" are discussed. Possible observational and experimental tests based on: (i). the existence of Sub- Planckian photons, (ii). knee and ankle discontinuities in the high-energy gamma ray spectrum, and (iii). possible experiments to detect a creation of spacetime in the Casimir system are discussed. A quantum actualization enhancement of repulsive Casimir effect would be anti-gravitational and of possible practical use. The ideas and concepts discussed here are not yet a theory, but at most the start of a framework that may be useful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of April 2007, an event unfolded in Tallinn, Estonia, that came to be called the 'Bronze Night'. Most of the research on this event--and on events in general-- uses an after-the-act representational approach that treats events as effects whose cause lies elsewhere, external to the event in its becoming. Partially because of this, most research into events emphasizes temporal path-dependency and all but ignores the spatiality of events. Following Deleuze's philosophy of the event, I seek to learn from the Bronze Night as an event by using an in-the-act procedure of reassemblage. In reassembling the event, I pay special attention to its spatiality: to processes of deterritorialization and reterritorialization, to event-spaces produced and partially captured, and to the event's transitivity to new spaces. The paper ends with a discussion of the ways in which the conditions of the problem that actualized the event were newly determined in and through the event, creating opportunities for the event's counteractualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of quantum mechanics in the early 20th Century had profound consequences for science and mathematics, for philosophy (Schrödinger), and for logic (von Neumann). In 1968, Putnam wrote that quantum mechanics required a revolution in our understanding of logic per se. However, applications of quantum logics have been little explored outside the quantum domain. Dummett saw some implications of quantum logic for truth, but few philosophers applied similar intuitions to epistemology or ontology. Logic remained a truth-functional 'science' of correct propositional reasoning. Starting in 1935, the Franco-Romanian thinker Stéphane Lupasco described a logical system based on the inherent dialectics of energy and accordingly expressed in and applicable to complex real processes at higher levels of reality. Unfortunately, Lupasco's fifteen major publications in French went unrecognized by mainstream logic and philosophy, and unnoticed outside a Francophone intellectual community, albeit with some translations into other Romance languages. In English, summaries of Lupasco's logic appeared ca. 2000, but the first major treatment and extension of his system was published in 2008 (see Brenner 2008). This paper is a further attempt to establish Lupasco's concepts as significant contributions to the history and philosophy of logic, in line with the work of Gödel, general relativity, and the ontological turn in philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Emission databases need to be processed for several purposes, e.g., policy and scientific, and so require flexible and fast handling. As a result, the creation and use of convenient interactive tools allowing easy and fast processing are of high importance. In this paper, a new software devoted to emission inventories processing is presented and applied to the actualization of the ESCOMPTE inventory. The ESCOMPTE inventory is a yearly (1999) high-resolution (1km2) emission inventory created for use in chemical transport models to study ozone pollution. This tool includes several functions allowing the update of emission inventories at different temporal and spatial resolutions based on the reference ESCOMPTE inventory. The actualized yearly and hourly inventories are found consistent with the hypothesis involved in emission inventory creation. Due to its flexible architecture, several other applications related to air quality analysis can be performed such as the creation of emission scenarios allowing the evaluation of abatement strategies and regulation effects on anthropogenic emissions. Also, the architecture of the software allows an easy application to other emission inventories provided that they have similar or adaptable structure compared to the ESCOMPTE one. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper examines the process whereby the English gerund, originally an abstract deverbal noun of action, was reinterpreted as part of the verb system and acquired verbal properties, such as the ability to govern a direct object (e.g., by writing a letter). The analysis of the data reveals that by Early Middle English some gerundial patterns had become structurally ambiguous and thus served as the basis for the reanalysis of a nominal category as a verbal one. The actualization (Timberlake 1977) of the innovated underlying structure at the observable level of language use is also discussed, as are the implications of the changes undergone by the gerund for current views of gram- maticalization as the main mechanism of syntactic change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present contribution intends to probe a view of practices as cycles of disposition and unfoldings or, which is the same, of virtualities and actualizations, and to show how such view allows not only to take artifacts into account, but also to account for their contribution to the unfolding of practices. A specific practice, related to squeezing oranges in a sink by using Juicy Salif, the (in)famous Philippe Starck’s squeezer, is exploited as empirical ground for exemplification. In order to probe the proposed view of practices as cycles of disposition and unfoldings, the present contribution engages in an epistemological and in a methodological reflection. On the one hand, it investigates the role of dispositions-virtualities in past and present approaches to practices. On the other, it recovers the disused Actor-Network Theory’s notion of “script” as a way to describe-analyze artifacts’ dispositions or virtualities and thus accounting for their contribution to practices. In the end, the paper, by investigating the role of dispositions-virtualities, recovers the structuralist legacy to the reflection on practices, showing how Actor-Network Theory can be considered a “distributed structuralism”.

This paper explores the attempts of the dissenting Soviet intelligentsia of post-Stalin time to establish the freedom of artistic creativity and democratic dialog between the State and civil society. The author uses as a case study the concepts and artifacts of Lianosovo school of painting, conceptualism, fiction and documentary art house. He deliberately avoids binary opposition in assessing the opposing parties. He calls for the change in intellectual paradigm and rejection of perceiving the Soviet history as a fight between totalitarian and non-totalitarian segments of the society. He asserts that in the future more sophisticated research techniques will be developed, which will stop reducing the picture of social relationship between social and political opponents to repression.

The purpose of studying geometry is for the development of student thinking, able to abstract and reason, against concepts in the object. Note on some study results that the combination of the student's conceptualization process and knowledge of geometry are a source of barriers to their learning. This study aims to investigate how students actualize their geometry knowledge for the development of thinking to the level of abstraction. Investigations on input, internal processing, and output. This study was conducted on high school students use questions regarding object and product of thought in geometry thinking at analysis and abstraction level. Based on study findings, students actualize their knowledge through figural aspects then developed into the conceptual aspect, and the two aspects are integrated with the relationship between properties. There is a mathematical connection to the integration process. However, because most students' understanding of geometry knowledge is still prototypical figural concepts, so there is an interaction issue between figural and conceptual aspects, namely the validity of relationship between properties. Therefore, students learn geometry in order to investigate the connections between objects and properties as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with metaphors of betrayal in English. The concept of betrayal studied concerning the peculiarities of its national and cultural actualization. The main issue of the work is to identify the principles of knowledge and ideas about the extra lingual reality presentation in English language consciousness. The significance of the study lies in identifying the axiological dominants of the researched concept cognitive structure, its ethnocultural specificity. The research data includes 543 examples naming betrayal inventoried through the complete selection from dictionaries, the thesaurus of English metaphors, fiction texts, etc. The method applied in this research corresponds to the objectives and data. The semantic and contextual analysis provided in lexicographical sources and fiction texts helps sort out the data collected. All examples divided into blocks: to betray- to scam, to deceive, to betray – to reveal the secret, to betray relations, to betray yourself. The analysis showed that betrayal actualized with the verbs, which contain semes to send a beep, to move in space, to remove, to leave, to put something over something, to leave; nouns – somatics; fauna; geographical objects; artifacts; adjectives with the semantic imperfect; adverbs – out, away. The result of the study shows that to respect confidentiality, personal life, ability to keep the secrets, to be honest, decent, to respect private interests are of primary importance for the English. They mostly appreciate loyalty, devotion, reliability, respect, tolerance in human relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hileya: Scientific Bulletin / Gileya is the property of GILEYA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It will be argued that the LAH suffers from being based on the naive physics originating from ordinary language philosophers, who practiced ontology rather than doing semantics. Their metaphysics turns out to be incompatible with the principle of compositionality. Due to them a verb has been taken as a predicate rather than as a linguistic unit with its own lexical meaning. Therefore the leniency of a verb in the sense of being available for a wide variety of arguments has been underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]