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This study was conducted to prepare a low cost and highly efficient adsorbent (activated carbon) from potato residue. The influence of the activation parameters such as carbonization temperatures and the impregnation ratios was investigated. The activated carbon (AC) was essentially mesoporous under the optimized conditions. The BET surface area, total pore volume and mesopore volume were as high as 1357 m 2 /g, 1.065 cm 3 /g and 0.982 cm 3 /g, respectively. The properties of the carbon samples that were prepared under oxygen-limited conditions and N 2 -atmosphere conditions were compared. The AC was used to adsorb methylene blue ( q e = 540 mg/g), and the results showed that the prepared AC is an effective adsorbent for the removal of the organic dye. The experimental results indicated that the use of potato residue as a precursor material for the preparation of AC was feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to improve the efficiency of the removal of methylene blue from wastewater, we synthesized activated carbon by thermally activating phosphoric acid-treated mangosteen peels. This activated carbon possessed a great specific surface area (1832 m2/g) and exhibited excellent adsorption capacity (871.49 mg/g) for methylene blue. In this study, we varied the impregnation ratios, activation temperatures, and activation time to determine the best conditions for preparing the mangosteen peel activated carbon (MPAC). The optimal conditions included a 1:3 impregnation ratio with activation for 60 min at 450 °C. We characterized the MPAC using a scanning electron microscope, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy together with the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller approach. The adsorption experiment results conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. This proved that physical adsorption dominates in this adsorption process. The synthesized MPAC-5 showed great adsorption performance for a variety of dye wastewater. After three times of recycling, the removal rate of methylene blue is still above 40%. Compared with other biowastes, mangosteen peel has the potential to be synthesized into activated carbon with a high adsorption capacity for dyes. Image 1 • Activated carbon was prepared by phosphoric acid-treated mangosteen peel (MPAC). • The optimal preparation conditions of the activated carbon were investigated. • The MPAC possess a high specific surface area (1832 m2/g). • The MPAC has excellent adsorption capacity (871.49 mg/g) for methylene blue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The activation of persulfate to produce active radicals has been attracting wide attention in environmental remediation fields. Among various catalysts, non-metal carbocatalysts and carbon-based composites have shown attractive prospects given that they are environmental-friendly, highly efficient, abundant, and diverse. In this paper, the use of carbon-based magnetic nanocomposites as catalysts for persulfate activation was reviewed and discussed. The preparation methods of carbon-based magnetic nanocomposites were first briefly summarized. Subsequently, the use of activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, biochar, and nanodiamond-based magnetic composites to activate persulfate was discussed, respectively. A synergetic effect between carbon materials and magnetic nanoparticles facilitated the activation process because of the increased electron transfer capacity, good dispersity of magnetic nanoparticles, and good repeatability and separability. Both radical and non-radical pathways were detected in the activation processes, but the specific mechanisms were greatly influenced by the components of the catalyst and solution conditions. And fundamental studies were needed to clarify the inner mechanisms of the process. In the end, strategies for enhancing the catalytic performances of carbon-based magnetic nanocomposites were suggested. It is expected that this review will provide some inspirations for developing highly efficient and green catalyst, as well as sulfate radical–based advanced oxidation technology for the remediation water environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]