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Two novel actinobacteria, designated as SYSU M7M538 T and SYSU M7M531, were isolated from oral of Eumetopias jubatus in Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom, China. The cells of these microorganisms stained Gram-positive and were rod shaped. These strains were facultative anaerobic, and catalase-positive. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C and pH 7.0 over 7 days of cultivation. Both strains possessed diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphocholine as the major polar lipids. The main menaquinone was MK-9(H 4 ). The major fatty acids were C 16:0 , C 17:1 w 8 c , C 17:0 , C 18:1 w 9 c and C 18:0 . Analyses of genome sequences revealed that the genome size of SYSU M7M538 T was 2.1 Mbp with G + C content of 52.5 %, while the genome size of SYSU M7M531 was 2.3 Mbp with G + C content of 52.7 %. The ANI and 16S rRNA gene analysis results showed that the pairwise similarities between the two strains and other recognized Nitriliruptoria species were less than 64.9 % and 89.0 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains SYSU M7M538 T and SYSU M7M531 formed a well-separated phylogenetic branch distinct from other orders of Nitriliruptoria. Based on the data presented here, these two strains are considered to represent a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Stomatohabitans albus gen. nov., sp. nov., with the type strain SYSU M7M538 T (=KCTC 59113 T  = GDMCC 1.4286 T ), are proposed. We also propose that these organisms represent a novel family named Stomatohabitantaceae fam. nov. of a novel order Stomatohabitantales ord. nov., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain CFH 90414 T , was isolated from sediment sampled at a saline lake in Yuncheng, Shanxi, PR China. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain CFH 90414 T were Gram-reaction-positive, aerobic and non-motile. Growth occured at 4-40 °C, pH 5.0-9.0 and in the presence of up to 0-3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CFH 90414 T was a member of the genus Agromyces . The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analysis indicated that strain CFH 90414 T was most closely related to Agromyces italicus JCM 14320 T (98.07 %) and Agromyces lapidis JCM 14321 T (97.18 %). The whole genome of CFH 90414 T was 3.64 Mb, and showed a G+C content of 71.5 mol%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between CFH 90414 T and the other species of the genus Agromyces were found to be low (ANI <78.99 % and dDDH <22.9 %). The whole-cell sugars were rhamnose, mannose, ribose, glucose and galactose. The isolate contained l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, d-alanine, d-glutamic acid and glycine in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant menaquinone was MK-12. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , anteiso-C 17 : 0 and iso-C 16 : 0 . The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data, strain CFH 90414 T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Agromyces , for which the name Agromyces agglutinans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CFH 90414 T (=DSM 105966 T =KCTC 49062 T ).

A novel actinobacterium, designated CFH 10395 T , was isolated from the foregut of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ), which had been fed with ginseng extract supplement. The taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic approach. Cells of CFH 10395 T were Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, ovoid-shaped, non-spore-forming and non-motile. On the basis of the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, CFH 10395 T was most closely related to Brachybacterium endophyticum KCTC 49087 T , Brachybacterium squillarum JCM 16464 T and Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum JCM 17781 T (97.85%, 97.51 and 97.29% similarity, respectively). CFH 10395 T grew at 4-37 °C, pH 5.0-9.0 and in the presence of up to 10.0 % NaCl (w/v). The dominant menaquinone was MK-7. The whole-cell sugars were rhamnose, glucose, mannose and galactose. meso -diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , anteiso-C 17 : 0 and iso-C 16 : 0 . The genome size was 3.99 Mbp with a DNA G+C content of 71.9 mol%. On the basis of the results of phylogenetic analysis, physiological properties, chemotaxonomic characteristics, low average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DDH (dDDH) results [ANI calculated using MUMmer (ANIm) <87 %, ANI calculated using blast (ANIb) <83 % and dDDH <23 %], it is concluded that CFH 10395 T represents a novel species of the genus Brachybacterium , for which the name Brachybacterium subflavum sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is CFH 10395 T (=CGMCC 1.13804 T =KCTC 49235 T ).

A novel Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated CFH 91151 T , was isolated from sediment collected from a saline lake in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, PR China. Cells of strain CFH 91151 T were rod-or v-shaped, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and halotolerant. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain CFH 91151 T was closely related to Isoptericola variabilis MX5 T and Isoptericola nanjingensis H17 T (98.7 and 98.4% sequence similarity, respectively). The strain grew at 4-45 °C, pH 5.0-9.0 and with 0-14.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Cells were positive for catalase, nitrate was not used and H 2 S was not produced. Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 (62.76 %), anteiso-C 17 : 0 (12.09 %) and iso-C 15 : 0 (9.46 %). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, two unidentified phospholipids and three unidentified glycolipids. The menaquinone was MK-9 (H4). The genome size was 4.10 Mbp with a G+C content of 72.4 mol%. The average amino acid identity (ANI) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) values between CFH 91151 T and the other species of the genus Isoptericola were found to be low (ANIm <87.19 %, ANIb <84.38 % and DDH <29.30 %). Based on physiological properties, chemotaxonomic characteristics and low ANI and DDH results, strain CFH 91151 T is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Isoptericola halalbus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CFH 91151 T (=DSM 105976 T =KCTC 49061 T ).

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain CFH 30434 T , was isolated from a soil sample collected from a karst cave in Luoyang, Henan Province, PR China. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the strain were aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile and coccoid or short rods. The strain was found to be oxidase-positive and weakly catalase-positive. Strain CFH 30434 T grew optimally at 28 °C, pH 7.0-9.0 and in the presence of up to 0-1.5 % NaCl (w/v). The whole-cell sugars were glucose, mannose and rhamnose. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-9(H 8 ) and the major fatty acids (>10 % of the total fatty acids compositions) were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15:0 and iso-C 14 : 0 . The polar lipids detected were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified glycolipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was determined to be 72.3 mol%. The results of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that CFH 30434 T clustered within the family Promicromonosporaceae , and closely with the type strains of Xylanimicrobium pachnodae DSM 12657 T , Myceligenerans crystallogenes DSM 17134 T and Promicromonospora xylanilytica CCTCC AA 208046 T (97.3 %, 96.2 and 95.9 % sequence similarities, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CFH 30434 T formed a separate evolutionary branch, and was parallel to other related genera of Promicromonosporaceae . Its phylogenetic distinctiveness and distinguishing phenotypic characteristics supported that strain CFH 30434 T represents a novel genus of the family Promicromonosporaceae , for which the name Antribacter gilvus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CFH 30434 T (=CGMCC 1.13856 T =KCTC 49093 T ).

A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile and short-rod-shaped strain, CFH S00084 T , was isolated from a sediment sample of the Yellow River in Henan Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain CFH S00084 T clustered within members of Microbacterium and was most closely related to the type strains Microbacterium yannicii JCM 18959 T and Microbacterium arthrosphaerae DSM 22421 T (98.97 % and 98.36 % similarity, respectively). The strain grew optimally at 25-37 °C, at pH 7.0 and in 0-3 % (w/v) NaCl. The major whole-cell sugars were rhamnose and glucose. The cell-wall peptidoglycan mainly contained glycine, alanine and ornithine. The menaquinones of strain CFH S00084 T were MK-13, MK-12 and MK-11. The major fatty acids detected were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The genome of strain CFH S00084 T was 4.03 Mbp with a G+C content of 70.5 mol%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between CFH S00084 T and the other species of the genus Microbacterium were found to be low (ANIm <85 %, ANIb <75 % and dDDH <24 %). The phylogenomic analysis provided evidence for clear phylogenetic divergence between strain CFH S00084 T and its closely related type strains. On the basis of the differential physiological properties, chemotaxonomic characteristics and low ANI and dDDH results, strain CFH S00084 T is considered to represent a novel species for which the name Microbacteriumureisolvens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CFH S00084 T (=KCTC 39802 T =DSM 103157 T ).

Two novel actinomycetes, designated strains CFH S0322 T and CFH S01580 T , were isolated from soil samples collected from Xuchang city and Ji Guan cave in Henan province, China, respectively. Their taxonomic positions were investigated by a polyphasic approach. The two isolates were Gram-reaction positive, non-motile, aerobic and catalase-positive actinomycetes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that the two isolates are closely related to the members of the genus Amycolatopsis, sharing high similarities with Amycolatopsis magusensis KCTC 29056 T (99.1 %, CFH S0322 T ) and Amycolatopsis nigrescens DSM 44992 T (98.1 %, CFH S01580 T ), respectively. The major whole cell sugars of strains CFH S0322 T and CFH S01580 T were arabinose and galactose and the predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H 4 ). The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains CFH S0322 T and CFH S01580 T were 70.6 and 68.6 mol%, respectively. Morphological, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic results suggest that strains CFH S0322 T and CFH S01580 T are representatives of two new species, for which the names Amycolatopsis xuchangensis sp. nov. and Amycolatopsis jiguanensis sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are CFH S0322 T (=NBRC 110769 T  =KCTC 39516 T ) and CFH S01580 T (=DSM 101526 T  =CCTCC AA 2015032 T ).

A Gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile actinomycete strain designated DRQ-2(T) was isolated from the soil sample collected from lime-stone open pit mine from the Gulbarga region, Karnataka province, India. Strain DRQ-2(T) was identified as a member of the genus Nonomuraea by a polyphasic approach. Strain DRQ-2(T) could be differentiated from other members of the genus Nonomuraea on the basis of physiology and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain DRQ-2(T) showed highest sequence similarity to Nonomuraea muscovyensis DSM 45913(T) (99.1%), N. salmonea DSM 43678(T) (98.2%) and N. maheshkhaliensis JCM 13929(T) with 98.0%, respectively. Chemotaxonomic properties showing predominant menaquinones of MK-9 (H4), MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H6), major polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmono methyl ethanolamine (PME), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), hydroxy-PME (OH-PME), hydroxy PE (OH-PEE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), ninhydrin-positive phosphoglycolipid and unknown phospholipid, fatty acids with major amounts of i-C16:0, ai-C15:0 and ai-C17:0 supported allocation of the strain to the genus Nonomuraea. Results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain DRQ-2(T) from closely related species. The genomic DNA G+C content of the organism was 72.5 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotypic and molecular characteristics, strain DRQ-2(T) represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name N. indica sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain DRQ-2(T) (=NCIM 5480(T)= CCTCC AA 209050(T)).

A novel endoglucanase gene was cloned from Thermobifida halotolerans YIM 90462(T), designated as thcel6A for being a member of glycoside hydrolase family 6. The gene was 1332 bp long and encoded a 443-amino-acid protein with a molecular mass of 45.9 kDa. The purified recombinant endoglucanase had optimal activity at 55 °C and pH 8.5. Thcel6A showed high hydrolytic activities at 25-55 °C and retained 58% of initial activity after incubation at 90 °C for 1 h. It retained more than 80% of activity after incubation for 12 h at pH values from 4 to 12. Thcel6A displayed higher hydrolytic activities in 5-15% NaCl (w/v) than at 0% NaCl. Activity increased 2.5-fold after incubation with 20% (w/v) NaCl at 37 °C for 10 min. These properties suggest that this novel endoglucanase has potential for specific industrial application.